European Commissioner for Crisis Management: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Member of the EU Commission}} |
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{{Infobox Political post |
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|post = European Commissioner for Crisis Management |
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|image = Hearing of Janez Lenarčič (Slovenia) - Crisis management (48833246092) (cropped).jpg |
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|alt = |
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|incumbent = [[Janez Lenarčič]] |
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|incumbentsince = 1 December 2019 |
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|appointer = [[President of the European Commission]] |
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|inaugural = [[Robert Lemaignen]] |
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|formation = 1958 |
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The portfolio deals with the distribution of aid; the European Commission is the largest supplier of [[humanitarian aid]] in the world, accounting for more than 50 percent of aid distributed in 140 countries.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of the European Union|last=Larsen|first=Finn|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2016|isbn=9781442255142|location=Lanham|pages=119}}</ref> The Commissioner oversees a total of 140 international humanitarian experts as well as 44 field offices in 39 countries, which are staffed by 320 local members.<ref>Laursen, p. 119.</ref> The [[European Civil Protection Mechanism|Civil Protection mechanism of the Commission]] means that the position also covers the European Union's disaster response. It provides support if a member state requests aid after a natural disaster. This function has adopted a wider scope in recent years as the Commission increasingly becomes an instrument of support around the world.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The European Union as Crisis Manager: Patterns and Prospects|last1=Boin|first1=Arjen|last2=Ekengren|first2=Magnus|last3=Rhinard|first3=Mark|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2013|isbn=9781107035799|location=Cambridge|pages=73}}</ref> For example, the Commission provided aid to Morocco when the country was hit by an earthquake in February 2004. More than 1,000 aid workers were also dispatched to the United States after 11 September 2001 terrorist attack. |
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The portfolio deals with the distribution of aid; the European Commission is the largest supplier of [[humanitarian aid]] in the world. |
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Although humanitarian aid and civil protection falls within the same Commission and administered by the same Commissioner, each has separate strategy document.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Humanitarian Response Index 2011: Addressing the Gender Challenge|last=DARA|publisher=DARA|year=2011|isbn=9788461576265|location=Madrid|pages=104}}</ref> In recent years, however, there is a focus on increased complementarity and synergy between the humanitarian aid approaches and civil protection expertise and assets.<ref>DARA, p. 104.</ref> |
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== Louis Michel as commissioner == |
== Louis Michel as commissioner == |
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{{Update|section|date=July 2021}} |
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After the [[Israeli-Lebanese conflict]] in 2006 the Commissioner visited Lebanon and called for €30 million to repair the damage there. The [[European Parliament|Parliament's]] [[Committee on Development|development committee]] was cautious though about the expenditure and he was also criticised for his slow response with one [[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]] comparing him to "a fireman who arrives at the scene after the fire has gone out". In the same debate MEPs attacked the Commissioner for "appearing partial in the Congolese elections" in describing [[Joseph Kabila]] as "the hope of Congo". Michel responded by saying he would have said the same about any candidate in the democratic elections. [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/028-10126-240-08-35-903-20060828IPR10123-28-08-2006-2006-false/default_en.htm] |
After the [[Israeli-Lebanese conflict]] in 2006 the Commissioner visited Lebanon and called for €30 million to repair the damage there. The [[European Parliament|Parliament's]] [[Committee on Development|development committee]] was cautious though about the expenditure and he was also criticised for his slow response with one [[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]] comparing him to "a fireman who arrives at the scene after the fire has gone out". In the same debate MEPs attacked the Commissioner for "appearing partial in the Congolese elections" in describing [[Joseph Kabila]] as "the hope of Congo". Michel responded by saying he would have said the same about any candidate in the democratic elections. [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/028-10126-240-08-35-903-20060828IPR10123-28-08-2006-2006-false/default_en.htm] |
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His head of cabinet is Sabine Weyand, deputy head; Koen Doens and spokesperson; Amadeu Altafaj-Tardio. |
His head of cabinet is Sabine Weyand, deputy head; Koen Doens and spokesperson; Amadeu Altafaj-Tardio. |
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==European Medical Corps== |
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The '''European Medical Corps''' ('''EMC''') is a civilian [[incident response team]] that was launched on 15 February 2016 by the European Union to provide an emergency response force to deal with outbreaks of epidemic disease anywhere in the world.<ref>{{cite web|title=European Commission – PRESS RELEASES – Press release – EU launches new European Medical Corps to respond faster to emergencies|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-16-263_en.htm|website=europa.eu|access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> The EMC was formed after the 2014 [[West African Ebola virus epidemic|Ebola outbreak in West Africa]] when [[West African Ebola virus epidemic#Criticism of WHO|the WHO was criticized]] for a slow and insufficient response in the early stages of the Ebola outbreak.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Moon |first1=Suerie |author-link=Suerie Moon |display-authors=etal |date=28 November 2015 |title=Will Ebola change the game? Ten essential reforms before the next pandemic. The report of the Harvard-LSHTM Independent Panel on the Global Response to Ebola |url=http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(15)00946-0.pdf |journal=The Lancet |language=en |volume=386 |issue=10009 |pages=2204–2221 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00946-0 |pmc=7137174 |pmid=26615326 |access-date=13 May 2016 |doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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The framework for the European Medical Corps is part of the [[European Civil Protection Mechanism|EU Civil Protection Mechanism]]'s new [[European Emergency Response Capacity]] (otherwise known as the 'voluntary pool'). |
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The EMC is part of the emergency response capacity of European countries.<ref>{{cite web|title=European Emergency Response Capacity – Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection – European Commission|url=http://ec.europa.eu/echo/what-we-do/civil-protection/european-emergency-response-capacity_en|website=Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection|access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> Teams from nine EU member states—Belgium, Luxembourg, Spain, Germany, the Czech Republic, France, the Netherlands, Finland, and Sweden – are available for deployment in an emergency. The EMC consists of medical teams, public health teams, mobile biosafety laboratories, medical evacuation capacities, experts in public health and medical assessment and coordination, and technical and logistics support.<ref>{{cite web|title=European Medical Corps part of the European Emergency Response Capacity|url=http://dppi.info/sites/default/files/DG_ECHO_European_Medical_Corps.pdf|access-date=13 May 2016|archive-date=27 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127224228/http://dppi.info/sites/default/files/DG_ECHO_European_Medical_Corps.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Any country in need of assistance can make a request to the Emergency Response Coordination Centre, part of the European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection department.<ref>{{cite web|title=Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC) – Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection – European Commission|url=http://ec.europa.eu/echo/node/402|website=Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection|access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref> |
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The first deployment of the EMC was announced by the European Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection on 12 May 2016, a response to the [[2016 yellow fever epidemic in Angola|outbreak of yellow fever in Angola]] in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=EU sends new medical corps team to Angola yellow fever outbreak|url=http://www.euractiv.com/section/development-policy/news/eu-sends-new-medical-corps-team-to-angola-yellow-fever-outbreak/|website=EurActiv.com|access-date=13 May 2016|language=en-GB}}</ref> An earlier concept of an emergency medical response team was [[Task Force Scorpio]] formed by the United Nations during the first Gulf War.{{citation needed|date=June 2018}} |
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==List of commissioners== |
==List of commissioners== |
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! 1 |
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| [[File:Signature of three financing agreements between the EEC and Mali (Robert Lemaignen).tif|60px]] |
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| [[Robert Lemaignen]] |
| [[Robert Lemaignen]] |
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| {{flagu|France}} |
| {{flagu|France}} |
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| [[Hallstein Commission]] |
| [[Hallstein Commission]] |
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|- |
|- |
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! 2 |
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| [[File:Henri Rochereau (1968).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Henri Rochereau]] |
| [[Henri Rochereau]] |
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| {{flagu|France}} |
| {{flagu|France}} |
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| [[Hallstein Commission]], [[Rey Commission]] |
| [[Hallstein Commission]], [[Rey Commission]] |
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|- |
|- |
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! 3 |
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| [[File:Jean-François Deniau (cropped).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Jean-François Deniau]] |
| [[Jean-François Deniau]] |
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| {{flagu|France}} |
| {{flagu|France}} |
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| [[Rey Commission]], [[Malfatti Commission]], [[Mansholt Commission]] |
| [[Rey Commission]], [[Malfatti Commission]], [[Mansholt Commission]] |
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|- |
|- |
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! 4 |
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| [[File:Claude Cheysson par Claude Truong-Ngoc 1981 (cropped).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Claude Cheysson]] |
| [[Claude Cheysson]] |
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| {{flagu|France}} |
| {{flagu|France}} |
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| [[Ortoli Commission]], [[Jenkins Commission (EU)|Jenkins Commission]], [[Thorn Commission]] |
| [[Ortoli Commission]], [[Jenkins Commission (EU)|Jenkins Commission]], [[Thorn Commission]] |
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|- |
|- |
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! 5 |
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| [[File:Edgard Pisani.jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Edgard Pisani]] |
| [[Edgard Pisani]] |
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| {{flagu|France}} |
| {{flagu|France}} |
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| [[Thorn Commission]] |
| [[Thorn Commission]] |
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|- |
|- |
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! 6 |
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| [[File:Lorenzo Natali 3.jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Lorenzo Natali]] |
| [[Lorenzo Natali]] |
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| {{flagu|Italy}} |
| {{flagu|Italy}} |
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| [[Delors Commission]] I |
| [[Delors Commission]] I |
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|- |
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! 7 |
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| [[Manuel Marin]] |
| [[File:Manuel Marin 1996 (cropped).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Manuel Marín]] |
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| {{flagu|Spain}} |
| {{flagu|Spain}} |
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| 1989–1995 |
| 1989–1995 |
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| [[Delors Commission]] II & III |
| [[Delors Commission]] II & III |
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|- |
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! 8 |
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| [[File:João de Deus Pinheiro, Member of the EC (1997) (cropped).tif|60px]] |
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| [[João de Deus Pinheiro]] |
| [[João de Deus Pinheiro]] |
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| {{flagu|Portugal}} |
| {{flagu|Portugal}} |
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| [[Santer Commission]] |
| [[Santer Commission]] |
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|- |
|- |
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! 9 |
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| [[File:Poul Nielson 2001 (cropped).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Poul Nielson]] |
| [[Poul Nielson]] |
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| {{flagu|Denmark}} |
| {{flagu|Denmark}} |
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| [[Prodi Commission]] |
| [[Prodi Commission]] |
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|- |
|- |
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! 10 |
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| [[File:Joe Borg2.jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Joe Borg]] |
| [[Joe Borg]] |
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| {{flagu|Malta}} |
| {{flagu|Malta}} |
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| [[Prodi Commission]] |
| [[Prodi Commission]] |
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|- |
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! 11 |
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| [[File:Louis Michel - 2005 (cropped).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Louis Michel]] |
| [[Louis Michel]] |
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| {{flagu|Belgium}} |
| {{flagu|Belgium}} |
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| [[Barroso Commission]] I |
| [[Barroso Commission]] I |
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|- |
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! 12 |
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| [[File:Karel-de-gucht.jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Karel De Gucht]] |
| [[Karel De Gucht]] |
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| {{flagu|Belgium}} |
| {{flagu|Belgium}} |
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| 2009–2010 |
| 2009–2010 |
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| [[Barroso Commission]] I |
| [[Barroso Commission]] I |
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|- |
|- |
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! 13 |
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| [[File:Kristalina Georgieva (cropped).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Kristalina Georgieva]] |
| [[Kristalina Georgieva]] |
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| {{flagu|Bulgaria}} |
| {{flagu|Bulgaria}} |
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| 2010–2014 |
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| 2010-2014 |
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| [[Barroso Commission]] II |
| [[Barroso Commission]] II |
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|- |
|- |
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! 14 |
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| [[File:(Christos Stylianides) Debate MEPs call for measures against Turkey following military operation in Syria (48948126711) (cropped).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Christos Stylianides]] |
| [[Christos Stylianides]] |
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| {{flagu|Cyprus}} |
| {{flagu|Cyprus}} |
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| 2014–2019 |
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| 2014-Present |
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| [[Juncker Commission]] |
| [[Juncker Commission]] |
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|- |
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! 15 |
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| [[File:Hearing of Janez Lenarčič (Slovenia) - Crisis management (48833246092) (cropped).jpg|60px]] |
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| [[Janez Lenarčič]] |
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| {{flagu|Slovenia}} |
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| 2019–present |
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| [[Von der Leyen Commission I|Von der Leyen Commission]] |
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* [[EuropeAid Co-operation Office]] |
* [[EuropeAid Co-operation Office]] |
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* [[European Development Fund]] |
* [[European Development Fund]] |
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==References== |
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<references /> |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* [http://ec.europa.eu/development/index_en.htm Commission Development website] |
* [http://ec.europa.eu/development/index_en.htm Commission Development website] |
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* [http://ec.europa.eu/echo/index_en.htm Commission Humanitarian Aid website] |
* [http://ec.europa.eu/echo/index_en.htm Commission Humanitarian Aid website] |
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* {{Official|https://ec.europa.eu/echo/what-we-do/civil-protection/european-medical-corps_en}} |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170128024811/https://extranet.who.int/emt/article/inauguration-european-medical-corps-report Inauguration], [[World Health Organization]] |
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{{CommissionPortfolios}} |
{{CommissionPortfolios}} |
Latest revision as of 09:24, 2 December 2024
European Commissioner for Crisis Management | |
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since 1 December 2019 | |
Appointer | President of the European Commission |
Inaugural holder | Robert Lemaignen |
Formation | 1958 |
The European Commissioner for Crisis Management is a member of the European Commission. The portfolio was previously titled Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection. The post is currently held by Janez Lenarčič.
The portfolio deals with the distribution of aid; the European Commission is the largest supplier of humanitarian aid in the world, accounting for more than 50 percent of aid distributed in 140 countries.[1] The Commissioner oversees a total of 140 international humanitarian experts as well as 44 field offices in 39 countries, which are staffed by 320 local members.[2] The Civil Protection mechanism of the Commission means that the position also covers the European Union's disaster response. It provides support if a member state requests aid after a natural disaster. This function has adopted a wider scope in recent years as the Commission increasingly becomes an instrument of support around the world.[3] For example, the Commission provided aid to Morocco when the country was hit by an earthquake in February 2004. More than 1,000 aid workers were also dispatched to the United States after 11 September 2001 terrorist attack.
Although humanitarian aid and civil protection falls within the same Commission and administered by the same Commissioner, each has separate strategy document.[4] In recent years, however, there is a focus on increased complementarity and synergy between the humanitarian aid approaches and civil protection expertise and assets.[5]
Louis Michel as commissioner
[edit]This section needs to be updated.(July 2021) |
After the Israeli-Lebanese conflict in 2006 the Commissioner visited Lebanon and called for €30 million to repair the damage there. The Parliament's development committee was cautious though about the expenditure and he was also criticised for his slow response with one MEP comparing him to "a fireman who arrives at the scene after the fire has gone out". In the same debate MEPs attacked the Commissioner for "appearing partial in the Congolese elections" in describing Joseph Kabila as "the hope of Congo". Michel responded by saying he would have said the same about any candidate in the democratic elections. [1]
Louis Michel has caused some mild controversy in 2007 among MEPs when it became known that he is to take leave from his work to compete in Belgian elections. Generally Commissioners are meant to remain above national politics and the European Parliament's development committee asked the Parliament's legal service to assess if his participation violates the treaties. [2] During his absence (12 May 2007 onwards), Commissioner Rehn will take over his duties.
His head of cabinet is Sabine Weyand, deputy head; Koen Doens and spokesperson; Amadeu Altafaj-Tardio.
European Medical Corps
[edit]The European Medical Corps (EMC) is a civilian incident response team that was launched on 15 February 2016 by the European Union to provide an emergency response force to deal with outbreaks of epidemic disease anywhere in the world.[6] The EMC was formed after the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa when the WHO was criticized for a slow and insufficient response in the early stages of the Ebola outbreak.[7]
The framework for the European Medical Corps is part of the EU Civil Protection Mechanism's new European Emergency Response Capacity (otherwise known as the 'voluntary pool').
The EMC is part of the emergency response capacity of European countries.[8] Teams from nine EU member states—Belgium, Luxembourg, Spain, Germany, the Czech Republic, France, the Netherlands, Finland, and Sweden – are available for deployment in an emergency. The EMC consists of medical teams, public health teams, mobile biosafety laboratories, medical evacuation capacities, experts in public health and medical assessment and coordination, and technical and logistics support.[9] Any country in need of assistance can make a request to the Emergency Response Coordination Centre, part of the European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection department.[10]
The first deployment of the EMC was announced by the European Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection on 12 May 2016, a response to the outbreak of yellow fever in Angola in 2016.[11] An earlier concept of an emergency medical response team was Task Force Scorpio formed by the United Nations during the first Gulf War.[citation needed]
List of commissioners
[edit]# | Name | Country | Period | Commission | |
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1 | Robert Lemaignen | France | 1958–1962 | Hallstein Commission | |
2 | Henri Rochereau | France | 1962–1970 | Hallstein Commission, Rey Commission | |
3 | Jean-François Deniau | France | 1967–1973 | Rey Commission, Malfatti Commission, Mansholt Commission | |
4 | Claude Cheysson | France | 1973–1981 | Ortoli Commission, Jenkins Commission, Thorn Commission | |
5 | Edgard Pisani | France | 1981–1985 | Thorn Commission | |
6 | Lorenzo Natali | Italy | 1985–1989 | Delors Commission I | |
7 | Manuel Marín | Spain | 1989–1995 | Delors Commission II & III | |
8 | João de Deus Pinheiro | Portugal | 1995–1999 | Santer Commission | |
9 | Poul Nielson | Denmark | 1999–2004 | Prodi Commission | |
10 | Joe Borg | Malta | 2004 | Prodi Commission | |
11 | Louis Michel | Belgium | 2004–2009 | Barroso Commission I | |
12 | Karel De Gucht | Belgium | 2009–2010 | Barroso Commission I | |
13 | Kristalina Georgieva | Bulgaria | 2010–2014 | Barroso Commission II | |
14 | Christos Stylianides | Cyprus | 2014–2019 | Juncker Commission | |
15 | Janez Lenarčič | Slovenia | 2019–present | Von der Leyen Commission |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Larsen, Finn (2016). Historical Dictionary of the European Union. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 119. ISBN 9781442255142.
- ^ Laursen, p. 119.
- ^ Boin, Arjen; Ekengren, Magnus; Rhinard, Mark (2013). The European Union as Crisis Manager: Patterns and Prospects. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 73. ISBN 9781107035799.
- ^ DARA (2011). The Humanitarian Response Index 2011: Addressing the Gender Challenge. Madrid: DARA. p. 104. ISBN 9788461576265.
- ^ DARA, p. 104.
- ^ "European Commission – PRESS RELEASES – Press release – EU launches new European Medical Corps to respond faster to emergencies". europa.eu. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ Moon, Suerie; et al. (28 November 2015). "Will Ebola change the game? Ten essential reforms before the next pandemic. The report of the Harvard-LSHTM Independent Panel on the Global Response to Ebola" (PDF). The Lancet. 386 (10009): 2204–2221. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00946-0. PMC 7137174. PMID 26615326. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ "European Emergency Response Capacity – Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection – European Commission". Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ "European Medical Corps part of the European Emergency Response Capacity" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2017. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ "Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC) – Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection – European Commission". Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
- ^ "EU sends new medical corps team to Angola yellow fever outbreak". EurActiv.com. Retrieved 13 May 2016.