Shankar–Ganesh: Difference between revisions
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'''Shankar–Ganesh''' is an Indian music director duo who has worked on Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada and Telugu movies for around 50 years.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/music/shankar_ganesh.html |title=Shankar Ganesh Tamil songs. Shankar Ganesh music videos, interviews, non-stop channel |publisher=Raaga |access-date=16 February 2012 |archive-date=14 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214003120/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/music/shankar_ganesh.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
'''Shankar–Ganesh''' is an Indian music director duo who has worked on Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada and Telugu movies for around 50 years.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/music/shankar_ganesh.html |title=Shankar Ganesh Tamil songs. Shankar Ganesh music videos, interviews, non-stop channel |publisher=Raaga |access-date=16 February 2012 |archive-date=14 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214003120/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/music/shankar_ganesh.html |url-status=live }}</ref> They also directed one movie [[Jagathalaprathapan (1990 film)|Jagathalaprathapan]] in 1990 <ref>https://banumass.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Jagathalaprathapan-Tamil-LP-Vinyl-Record-By-Shankar-Ganesh-1.jpg</ref> |
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==Personal life== |
==Personal life== |
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==Career== |
==Career== |
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[[File:Ganesh (Shankar–Ganesh, May 2018).jpg|thumb|left|Ganesh (left), in May 2018]] |
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They started as assistants to Tamil music composers [[M. S. Viswanathan]] and [[T. K. Ramamoorthy]] in 1964 and later the duo assisted M.S.Viswanathan alone from 1965 till 1967. When Shankar Ganesh were composing for a stage play titled "Paadi Parandha Kuyil", Kannadhasan started his own film titled "Nagarathil Thirudargal" in which he introduced Shankar Ganesh as music directors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2014 |title=வாலிக்கு வாட்ச் கொடுத்த (சங்கர்) கணேஷ்! |url=http://kungumam.co.in/VArticalinnerdetail.aspx?id=4166&id1=40&issue=20140728 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509083301/http://kungumam.co.in/VArticalinnerdetail.aspx?id=4166&id1=40&issue=20140728 |archive-date=9 May 2022 |access-date=2022-05-09 |website=[[Kungumam (magazine)|Kungumam]] |language=ta}}</ref> However that film was stopped, so Kannadhasan took them to Chinnappa Devar and requested him to give them a chance thus making their debut with ''[[Magaraasi]]''.<ref name=shankar /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Narayanan |first=Sujatha |date=28 July 2019 |title=Thamizh Talkies: Melodies that matter |work=[[Cinema Express]] |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/columns/2019/jul/28/thamizh-talkies-the-duo-who-didnt-get-their-due-13255.html |url-status=live |access-date=9 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119023006/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/columns/2019/jul/28/thamizh-talkies-the-duo-who-didnt-get-their-due-13255.html |archive-date=19 January 2021}}</ref> After Kannadhasan's death, Shankar Ganesh had their titles changed to " Kavinger vazhangiya thevarin" Shankar Ganesh. |
They started as assistants to Tamil music composers [[M. S. Viswanathan]] and [[T. K. Ramamoorthy]] in 1964 and later the duo assisted M.S.Viswanathan alone from 1965 till 1967. When Shankar Ganesh were composing for a stage play titled "Paadi Parandha Kuyil", Kannadhasan started his own film titled "Nagarathil Thirudargal" in which he introduced Shankar Ganesh as music directors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2014 |title=வாலிக்கு வாட்ச் கொடுத்த (சங்கர்) கணேஷ்! |url=http://kungumam.co.in/VArticalinnerdetail.aspx?id=4166&id1=40&issue=20140728 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509083301/http://kungumam.co.in/VArticalinnerdetail.aspx?id=4166&id1=40&issue=20140728 |archive-date=9 May 2022 |access-date=2022-05-09 |website=[[Kungumam (magazine)|Kungumam]] |language=ta}}</ref> However that film was stopped, so Kannadhasan took them to Chinnappa Devar and requested him to give them a chance thus making their debut with ''[[Magaraasi]]''.<ref name=shankar /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Narayanan |first=Sujatha |date=28 July 2019 |title=Thamizh Talkies: Melodies that matter |work=[[Cinema Express]] |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/columns/2019/jul/28/thamizh-talkies-the-duo-who-didnt-get-their-due-13255.html |url-status=live |access-date=9 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119023006/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/columns/2019/jul/28/thamizh-talkies-the-duo-who-didnt-get-their-due-13255.html |archive-date=19 January 2021}}</ref> After Kannadhasan's death, Shankar Ganesh had their titles changed to " Kavinger vazhangiya thevarin" Shankar Ganesh. |
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==Personal life== |
==Personal life== |
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Shankar from the duo died prematurely, while Ganesh continued take the band forward with the name Shankar–Ganesh, and has often been credited simply as Shankar Ganesh himself.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/2000/aug/26tt.htm|title=rediff.com, Movies: Vijay meets his son on the Net!|website=m.rediff.com|access-date=24 August 2020|archive-date=14 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814224152/https://m.rediff.com/movies/2000/aug/26tt.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Shankar's son Balasubramaniam Shanker made his debut as a music composer through [[Chinni Jayanth]]'s romantic drama film, ''[[Unakkaga Mattum]]'' (2000). Ganesh's son [[Shreekumar]], became an actor, and later married actress Shamitha, who starred in ''[[Pandavar Bhoomi]]'' (2001).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/apr-09-05/shamitha-28-04-09.html|title=Famous music director's son and actress to wed - Behindwoods.com - Tamil Movie News - Shree Shankar Ganesh Shamitha|website=www.behindwoods.com|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-date=7 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707082206/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/apr-09-05/shamitha-28-04-09.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
Shankar from the duo died prematurely, while Ganesh continued take the band forward with the name Shankar–Ganesh, and has often been credited simply as Shankar Ganesh himself.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/2000/aug/26tt.htm|title=rediff.com, Movies: Vijay meets his son on the Net!|website=m.rediff.com|access-date=24 August 2020|archive-date=14 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814224152/https://m.rediff.com/movies/2000/aug/26tt.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Shankar's son Balasubramaniam Shanker made his debut as a music composer through [[Chinni Jayanth]]'s romantic drama film, ''[[Unakkaga Mattum]]'' (2000). Ganesh's son [[Shreekumar]], became an actor, and later married actress Shamitha, who starred in ''[[Pandavar Bhoomi]]'' (2001).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/apr-09-05/shamitha-28-04-09.html|title=Famous music director's son and actress to wed - Behindwoods.com - Tamil Movie News - Shree Shankar Ganesh Shamitha|website=www.behindwoods.com|access-date=7 February 2018|archive-date=7 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707082206/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/apr-09-05/shamitha-28-04-09.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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==Filmography== |
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===As a director === |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
! scope="col" | Year |
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! scope="col" | Title |
|||
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes |
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! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |
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⚫ | |||
|1990 |
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|''[[Jagathalaprathapan (1990 film)|Jagathalaprathapan]]''|| || |
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⚫ | |||
==Discography== |
==Discography== |
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Their works include music for the following movies: |
Their works include music for the following movies: |
||
===Tamil films=== |
===Tamil films=== |
||
⚫ | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
|- style="background:#000;" |
|- style="background:#000;" |
||
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|1977 || ''[[Aattukara Alamelu]]'' || |
|1977 || ''[[Aattukara Alamelu]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=" |
| rowspan="6" |1978 || ''[[Karunai Ullam (1978 film)|Karunai Ullam]]'' ||50th Film |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Ullathil Kuzhanthaiyadi]]'' || |
|''[[Ullathil Kuzhanthaiyadi]]'' || |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Palabishegam]]'' || |
|''[[Palabishegam]]'' || |
||
|- |
|||
|''[[Uravugal Endrum Vazhga]]'' || |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="7" |1979 |
| rowspan="7" |1979 |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Othayadi Paathayilae]] (released in 1980)'' || |
|''[[Othayadi Paathayilae]] (released in 1980)'' || |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
===1980s=== |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|- style="background:#000;" |
|||
! Year !! Film !! Notes |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="8" |1980 ||''[[Kannil Theriyum Kathaikal]]'' ||composed one song "Naan Unna Nenachen" |
| rowspan="8" |1980 ||''[[Kannil Theriyum Kathaikal]]'' ||composed one song "Naan Unna Nenachen" |
||
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|''[[Sivappu Malli]]'' || |
|''[[Sivappu Malli]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan=" |
| rowspan="23" |1982 ||''[[Darling, Darling, Darling]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Pakkathu Veetu Roja]]'' || |
|''[[Pakkathu Veetu Roja]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Nenjile Thunivirunthal]]'' || |
|''[[Nenjile Thunivirunthal]]'' || |
||
|- |
|||
|''[[Amma (1982 film)|Amma]]''|| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Nenjangal]]'' || |
|''[[Nenjangal]]'' || |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Oorum Uravum]]'' || |
|''[[Oorum Uravum]]'' || |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Moondru Mugam]] |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Pattanathu Rajakkal]]'' || |
|''[[Pattanathu Rajakkal]]'' || |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
|} |
|} |
||
===Malayalam films === |
===Malayalam films === |
||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
|- style="background:#000;" |
|- style="background:#000;" |
||
! Year !! Film |
! Year !! Film !! Notes |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"|1980 ||''[[Maria My Darling]]'' |
| rowspan="2"|1980 ||''[[Maria My Darling]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''Rahasya Ratri'' |
|''Rahasya Ratri'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|1982||''[[Khadeema Kallaru]]'' |
|1982||''[[Khadeema Kallaru]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|rowspan="2"|1983||''[[Chakravyuha (1983 Film)|Chakravyuha]]'' |
|rowspan="2"|1983||''[[Chakravyuha (1983 Film)|Chakravyuha]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''Sididedda Sahodara'' |
|''Sididedda Sahodara'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|rowspan="2"|1984||''[[Naane Raja (1984 film)|Naane Raja]]'' |
|rowspan="2"|1984||''[[Naane Raja (1984 film)|Naane Raja]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Pralayanthaka]]'' |
|''[[Pralayanthaka]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|rowspan="6"|1985||''Hosa Itihaasa'' |
|rowspan="6"|1985||''Hosa Itihaasa'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Mareyada Manikya]]'' |
|''[[Mareyada Manikya]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Naanu Nanna Hendthi]]'' |
|''[[Naanu Nanna Hendthi]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Savira Sullu]]'' |
|''[[Savira Sullu]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Swabhimana]]'' |
|''[[Swabhimana]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''Karinaga'' |
|''Karinaga''|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="4" |1986 || ''[[Na Ninna Preetisuve]]'' |
| rowspan="4" |1986 || ''[[Na Ninna Preetisuve]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Asambhava]]'' |
|''[[Asambhava]]''|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''Kadinalli Jathre'' |
|''Kadinalli Jathre'' |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''[[Anand (1986 film)|Anand]]'' |
|''[[Anand (1986 film)|Anand]]''|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|rowspan="2"|1988||''[[Samyuktha]]'' |
|rowspan="2"|1988||''[[Samyuktha]]''|| Background score only |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''Prajaprabhutva'' |
|''Prajaprabhutva''|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|1989 || ''[[Ade Raaga Ade Haadu]]'' |
|1989 || ''[[Ade Raaga Ade Haadu]]''|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| rowspan="2"|1993|| ''[[Vasantha Poornima]]'' |
| rowspan="2"|1993|| ''[[Vasantha Poornima]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|''Sambhavi'' |
|''Sambhavi'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|} |
|} |
||
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| 1980 ||''[[Love in Singapore (1980 Telugu film)|Love in Singapore]]'' || |
| 1980 ||''[[Love in Singapore (1980 Telugu film)|Love in Singapore]]'' || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|rowspan="2"|1987||''[[Veera Pratap]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Veera Pratap (1987) |url=https://indiancine.ma/ANRZ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=18 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218174605/https://indiancine.ma/ANRZ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
|rowspan="2"|1987||''[[Veera Pratap]]'' |
||
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Veera Pratap (1987) |url=https://indiancine.ma/ANRZ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=18 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218174605/https://indiancine.ma/ANRZ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
|||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
|''Aadade Aadharam'' || |
|''Aadade Aadharam'' || |
||
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|1989 ||''[[Ajatha Satruvu]]'' || |
|1989 ||''[[Ajatha Satruvu]]'' || |
||
|} |
|} |
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==Onscreen appearances== |
==Onscreen appearances== |
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*''[[Pookkalai Parikkatheergal]]'' (1986) |
*''[[Pookkalai Parikkatheergal]]'' (1986) |
||
*''[[Namma Ooru Nalla Ooru]]'' (1986) |
*''[[Namma Ooru Nalla Ooru]]'' (1986) |
||
*''Neruppu Nila'' (1988) |
|||
*''[[Poovellam Kettuppar|Poovellam Kettupaar]]'' (1999) |
*''[[Poovellam Kettuppar|Poovellam Kettupaar]]'' (1999) |
||
*''[[Gurusamy]]'' (2011) |
*''[[Gurusamy]]'' (2011) |
Latest revision as of 16:59, 2 December 2024
Shankar–Ganesh | |
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Background information | |
Origin | Chinthamani, Tenkasi(Dt) Chennai, India, Near Magesh House SK Traders Manager |
Genres | Film score |
Occupation(s) | Film composers, Music directors, singers |
Instrument | Keyboard |
Years active | 1967–present |
Members | Ganesh |
Shankar–Ganesh is an Indian music director duo who has worked on Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada and Telugu movies for around 50 years.[1] They also directed one movie Jagathalaprathapan in 1990 [2]
Personal life
[edit]Shankar was the younger brother of music director C. R. Subbaraman while Ganesh was the son-in-law of G. N. Velumani who produced films like Bhaagapirivinai and Paalum Pazhamum.[3]
Career
[edit]They started as assistants to Tamil music composers M. S. Viswanathan and T. K. Ramamoorthy in 1964 and later the duo assisted M.S.Viswanathan alone from 1965 till 1967. When Shankar Ganesh were composing for a stage play titled "Paadi Parandha Kuyil", Kannadhasan started his own film titled "Nagarathil Thirudargal" in which he introduced Shankar Ganesh as music directors.[4] However that film was stopped, so Kannadhasan took them to Chinnappa Devar and requested him to give them a chance thus making their debut with Magaraasi.[3][5] After Kannadhasan's death, Shankar Ganesh had their titles changed to " Kavinger vazhangiya thevarin" Shankar Ganesh.
Kaveri Thanda Kalaiselvi was a Natya Nadagam (Dance Drama) wherein Jayalalitha was main lead and rehearsals used to happen at her house with all artistes and musicians coming to her house and doing practice. Shankaraman, musician duo Shankar and Ganesh used to come to play music. Sandhya used to make food and give all artistes breakfast and lunch. This went on for 28 days before the first show happened in 1965. After Jayalalitha became a huge star she recommended Devar Films to give musician duo Shankar Ganesh their debut film as a music director in the film Maharasi starring Ravinchandran with Jayalalitha.
Their first independent release was Magaraasi in 1967. Aattukara Alamelu was a turning point in their career.[6] Musician duo Shankar Ganesh composed music for 2 films of Jayalalitha – Maharasi in 1967 produced by Devar Films and Vandhale Maharasi in 1973 directed by K.S.Gopalakrishnan. Their best known composition were in Naan Yen Pirenden and Idhaya Veenai.
Bomb blast
[edit]On 17 November 1986, Ganesh received an anonymous parcel by post. It contained a tape recorder with a note from the sender saying that the parcel contained a cassette with some ‘new’ music and if Ganesh liked it, he should give the sender a "break" into films. As Ganesh pressed the play button, the tape recorder exploded in his face, injuring his hands and eyes. Plastic surgery restored his hands and allowed him to play the keyboard, but he lost his vision in his right eye and had blurred vision in the left. On 1 June 2014, his vision was restored by a "glued intra ocular lens" technique.[7][8]
He was also performing on the stage 50 meters away at the Congress rally in Sriperumbudur on 21 May 1991, when a human bomb killed Rajiv Gandhi.[7]
Personal life
[edit]Shankar from the duo died prematurely, while Ganesh continued take the band forward with the name Shankar–Ganesh, and has often been credited simply as Shankar Ganesh himself.[9] Shankar's son Balasubramaniam Shanker made his debut as a music composer through Chinni Jayanth's romantic drama film, Unakkaga Mattum (2000). Ganesh's son Shreekumar, became an actor, and later married actress Shamitha, who starred in Pandavar Bhoomi (2001).[10]
Filmography
[edit]As a director
[edit]Year | Title | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
1990 | Jagathalaprathapan |
Discography
[edit]Their works include music for the following movies:
Tamil films
[edit]Malayalam films
[edit]Year | Film | Notes |
---|---|---|
1974 | Ayalathe Sundari | |
Chakravakam | ||
1976 | Chirikkudukka | |
Kamadhenu | ||
1977 | Tholkan Enikku Manassilla | |
1979 | Pennorumbettaal | |
Prabhu | ||
Vijayam Nammude Senani | ||
1980 | Anthappuram | |
Chandra Bimbam | ||
Ival Eevazhi Ithu Vare | ||
Love in Singapore | ||
1981 | Saahasam | |
Sankharsham | ||
Sphodanam | ||
1982 | Aarambham | |
Guha | ||
Kaalam | ||
Kazhumaram | ||
Maattuvin Chattangale | ||
Paanjajanyam | ||
1983 | Angam | |
Bhookambam | ||
Yudham | ||
1984 | Thirakal | |
1985 | Aadhiyugam | |
Pournami Raavil 3D | ||
1988 | Karate Girls | |
1989 | Mrugaya | |
Chakkikotha Chankaran |
Kannada films
[edit]Year | Film | Notes |
---|---|---|
1980 | Maria My Darling | |
Rahasya Ratri | ||
1982 | Khadeema Kallaru | |
1983 | Chakravyuha | |
Sididedda Sahodara | ||
1984 | Naane Raja | |
Pralayanthaka | ||
1985 | Hosa Itihaasa | |
Mareyada Manikya | ||
Naanu Nanna Hendthi | ||
Savira Sullu | ||
Swabhimana | ||
Karinaga | ||
1986 | Na Ninna Preetisuve | |
Asambhava | ||
Kadinalli Jathre | ||
Anand | ||
1988 | Samyuktha | Background score only |
Prajaprabhutva | ||
1989 | Ade Raaga Ade Haadu | |
1993 | Vasantha Poornima | |
Sambhavi |
Telugu films
[edit]Year | Film | Notes |
---|---|---|
1980 | Love in Singapore | |
1987 | Veera Pratap | [13] |
Aadade Aadharam | ||
1989 | Ajatha Satruvu |
Onscreen appearances
[edit]- Othaiyadi Paadhaiyile (1980)
- Sattam Oru Iruttarai (1981)
- Pookkalai Parikkatheergal (1986)
- Namma Ooru Nalla Ooru (1986)
- Neruppu Nila (1988)
- Poovellam Kettupaar (1999)
- Gurusamy (2011)
- Naai Sekar (2022)
References
[edit]- ^ "Shankar Ganesh Tamil songs. Shankar Ganesh music videos, interviews, non-stop channel". Raaga. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- ^ https://banumass.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Jagathalaprathapan-Tamil-LP-Vinyl-Record-By-Shankar-Ganesh-1.jpg
- ^ a b சுந்தரம், கே. (17 November 1974). "சண்டையில் முழங்கிய வீணைகள்". Vikatan (in Tamil). pp. 157–160.
- ^ "வாலிக்கு வாட்ச் கொடுத்த (சங்கர்) கணேஷ்!". Kungumam (in Tamil). 28 July 2014. Archived from the original on 9 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
- ^ Narayanan, Sujatha (28 July 2019). "Thamizh Talkies: Melodies that matter". Cinema Express. Archived from the original on 19 January 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
- ^ "Today, many are here for quick money – The Hindu". The Hindu. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
- ^ a b "Surgeon restores what bomb took 27 years ago". The Telegraph. 2 June 2014. Archived from the original on 5 June 2014. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
- ^ "After 28 years, surgeons restore musician's sight". The Times of India. 1 June 2014. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
- ^ "rediff.com, Movies: Vijay meets his son on the Net!". m.rediff.com. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
- ^ "Famous music director's son and actress to wed - Behindwoods.com - Tamil Movie News - Shree Shankar Ganesh Shamitha". www.behindwoods.com. Archived from the original on 7 July 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
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External links
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- ஆனந்த விகடன் பொக்கிஷம் (in Tamil). Vikatan Publications. 2011. pp. 157–160.