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'''Makaradhwaja''' (or '''Magardhwaja''') is the son of Hindu god [[Hanuman]] who is born out of his sweat. Makaradhwaja has appearance in various regional versions of the Ramayana.<ref name="a">[http://www.dlshq.org/religions/hanuman.htm] SRI HANUMAN By SRI SWAMI SIVANANDA</ref><ref name=b>[http://www.lordhanuman.info/index.php/lord-hanuman-and-makardhwaja-his-son/ Lord Hanuman and Makardhwaja, his son] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111203224758/http://www.lordhanuman.info/index.php/lord-hanuman-and-makardhwaja-his-son |date=3 December 2011 }}</ref> There are many unmatching accounts of his birth, however all of them mentions him being born to a [[Crocodile|Makara (or Magara)]] after Hanuman took a dip into the ocean and his sweat drop fell into the mouth of the ''Makara'', impregnating her. ''Makara'' begets Makaradhwaja who was later raised by the [[Ahiravan|Ahiravana]], a demon king who ruled [[Patala]] who was one of [[Ravana]]’s brothers. When grew up, Ahiravana, seeing Makaradhwaja's strength and virility, gave him job of guarding the gates of his kingdom.<ref name="a" /><ref name="b" /><ref name="Z" /> |
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==Birth and thereafter== |
==Birth and thereafter== |
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When Hanuman took a dip in the waters of the sea (after burning down the whole of [[Lanka]] with his inflamed tail), a drop of his sweat fell into the mouth of a mighty [[Makara (Hindu mythology)|Makara]]. Out of this, |
When Hanuman took a dip in the waters of the sea (after burning down the whole of [[Lanka]] with his inflamed tail), a drop of his sweat fell into the mouth of a mighty [[Makara (Hindu mythology)|Makara]]. Out of this, Makaradhwaja was born.<ref name=a/><ref name=b/><ref>[http://www.drishtikone.com/blog/science-doing-makardhwaj Is Science doing a Makardhwaj?]{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
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According to another, slightly different version, when Hanuman took a dip in the sea, to cool himself after burning Lanka; a drop of his sweat, due to the extreme heat generated in his body due to extreme labor by him, fell into the mouth of a giant fish-eat-reptile like creature, [[Crocodile|Makara]], thus impregnating it.<ref name=Z/> |
According to another, slightly different version, when Hanuman took a dip in the sea, to cool himself after burning Lanka; a drop of his sweat, due to the extreme heat generated in his body due to extreme labor by him, fell into the mouth of a giant fish-eat-reptile like creature, [[Crocodile|Makara]], thus impregnating it.<ref name=Z/> |
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The fish was caught by people of [[Ahiravana]], who ruled [[Patala]], the nether-world. Markardhwaja was discovered when the stomach of the fish was cut open |
The fish was caught by people of [[Ahiravana]], who ruled [[Patala]], the nether-world. Markardhwaja was discovered when the stomach of the fish was cut open and thus he was named after it and was brought up by them. |
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==Story in the ''Ramayana''== |
==Story in the ''Ramayana''== |
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The story of Makaradhvaja is not found in the original ''[[Ramayana]]''. However, in local folk tales this story is related. When Ahiravana took [[Rama]] and [[Lakshmana]] to [[Patala]], Hanuman followed them to their rescue.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://vayusutha.in/vs4/temple76.html|title = Sri Hanuman Dandi Temple, Bet / Beyt Dwarka, Dwarka, Gujarat}}</ref> He was challenged at the gate of Patala by a creature, who was part ''Vanara'' and part reptile - a ''Makara''. He introduced himself Makaradhwaja and son of Hanuman, the mighty warrior.<ref name=a/><ref name=b/> |
The story of Makaradhvaja is not found in the original ''[[Ramayana]]''. However, in local folk tales this story is related. When Ahiravana took [[Rama]] and [[Lakshmana]] to [[Patala]], Hanuman followed them to their rescue.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://vayusutha.in/vs4/temple76.html|title = Sri Hanuman Dandi Temple, Bet / Beyt Dwarka, Dwarka, Gujarat}}</ref> He was challenged at the gate of Patala by a creature, who was part ''Vanara'' and part reptile - a ''Makara''. He introduced himself Makaradhwaja and son of Hanuman, the mighty warrior.<ref name=a/><ref name=b/> |
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Hanuman was amused and said that, I am myself the Hanuman but he could not be his son, as he was ''Brahmachari'' (a [[celibate]]) since birth. However, Hanuman then closed his eyes in [[Dhyana in Hinduism|dhyana]] to see the events described above of |
Hanuman was amused and said that, I am myself the Hanuman but he could not be his son, as he was ''Brahmachari'' (a [[celibate]]) since birth. However, Hanuman then closed his eyes in [[Dhyana in Hinduism|dhyana]] to see the events described above of Makaradhwaja's birth.<ref name=a/><ref name=b/> |
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Makaradhwaja asked him for his blessings, however, he said to Hanuman, that he will have to fight him to enter Patala, as he cannot betray Ahiravana, his [[mentor]]. Hanuman defeats Makaradhwaja in a duel and then ties him to the back to proceed further to ultimately kill [[Ahiravana]] and rescue Rama & Lakshamana as Makardhawaja is presented as the exemplary devotee (bhakta) of Ahiravana as Hanuman for Rama.<ref name=a/><ref name=b/> |
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==Lineage== |
==Lineage== |
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The [[Jethwa]] |
The [[Jethwa]]s claim their descent from Makaradhwaja. As per folk tales of their clan, Makaradhwaja had a son named Mod-dhwaja and he had a son named Jethi-dhwaja. Jethwas claim descant from Jethi-dhwaja and worship [[Hanuman]] as their [[Iṣṭa-devatā (Hinduism)|Iṣṭa-devatā]]. The Jethwa dynasty of Gujarat, who once ruled major part of [[Kathiawar]] and later the [[Porbandar|princely state of Porbandar]], therefore, had the image of Hanuman on their royal flag.<ref name=Z>''Kutch Gurjar Kshatriya Community: A brief history & glory: Section : History of Rajput surnames, their origin and Myths : Sub-section : History of Jethwa : by Raja Pawan Jethwa, Kolkata (2007).Page 81.''</ref> |
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==Temples== |
==Temples== |
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Temples dedicated to |
Temples dedicated to Makaradhwaja can be found in India, especially in [[Gujarat]], India where the [[Jethwa]]s once ruled. Some noted temples in Gujarat and other places in India are at: |
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*[[Mandvi]], of both Makaradhwaja and Hanuman |
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*Odadar village near |
*[[Odadar]] village near Porbandar |
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* [[Hanuman Dandi temple]] at |
* [[Hanuman Dandi temple]] at Bet Dwarka, where idols of Makaradhwaja and Hanuman are worshiped together<ref>[http://vayusutha.in/vs4/temple76.html DANDI SRI HANUMAN TEMPLE, BET/BEYT DWARKA]</ref> |
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* Chinchawan, |
* Chinchawan, [[Wadwani]], Maharashtra |
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* Karahiya near [[Gwalior]], |
* Karahiya near [[Gwalior]], Madhya Pradesh |
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*Balaji |
*Balaji Makaradhwaja, temple at [[Beawar]], Rajasthan which is dedicated to both father-son duo in form of [[Salasar Balaji|Balaji Hanuman]] and Makaradhwaja |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{commons}} |
{{commons}} |
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*[[Macchanu]] |
*[[Macchanu]], son of Hanuman and Suvannamachha as per Southeast Asian versions of the ''Ramayana'' |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[Category:Vanara in the Ramayana]] |
[[Category:Vanara in the Ramayana]] |
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[[Category:Characters in the Ramayana]] |
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[[Category:Mythological human hybrids]] |
[[Category:Mythological human hybrids]] |
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Revision as of 18:52, 2 December 2024
| Makaradhwaja | |
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| In-universe information | |
| Family | Hanuman (father) Kesari (grandfather) Añjanā (Grand mother) |
Makaradhwaja (or Magardhwaja) is the son of Hindu god Hanuman who is born out of his sweat. Makaradhwaja has appearance in various regional versions of the Ramayana.[1][2] There are many unmatching accounts of his birth, however all of them mentions him being born to a Makara (or Magara) after Hanuman took a dip into the ocean and his sweat drop fell into the mouth of the Makara, impregnating her. Makara begets Makaradhwaja who was later raised by the Ahiravana, a demon king who ruled Patala who was one of Ravana’s brothers. When grew up, Ahiravana, seeing Makaradhwaja's strength and virility, gave him job of guarding the gates of his kingdom.[1][2][3]
Birth and thereafter
When Hanuman took a dip in the waters of the sea (after burning down the whole of Lanka with his inflamed tail), a drop of his sweat fell into the mouth of a mighty Makara. Out of this, Makaradhwaja was born.[1][2][4]
According to another, slightly different version, when Hanuman took a dip in the sea, to cool himself after burning Lanka; a drop of his sweat, due to the extreme heat generated in his body due to extreme labor by him, fell into the mouth of a giant fish-eat-reptile like creature, Makara, thus impregnating it.[3]
The fish was caught by people of Ahiravana, who ruled Patala, the nether-world. Markardhwaja was discovered when the stomach of the fish was cut open and thus he was named after it and was brought up by them.
Story in the Ramayana
The story of Makaradhvaja is not found in the original Ramayana. However, in local folk tales this story is related. When Ahiravana took Rama and Lakshmana to Patala, Hanuman followed them to their rescue.[5] He was challenged at the gate of Patala by a creature, who was part Vanara and part reptile - a Makara. He introduced himself Makaradhwaja and son of Hanuman, the mighty warrior.[1][2]
Hanuman was amused and said that, I am myself the Hanuman but he could not be his son, as he was Brahmachari (a celibate) since birth. However, Hanuman then closed his eyes in dhyana to see the events described above of Makaradhwaja's birth.[1][2]
Makaradhwaja asked him for his blessings, however, he said to Hanuman, that he will have to fight him to enter Patala, as he cannot betray Ahiravana, his mentor. Hanuman defeats Makaradhwaja in a duel and then ties him to the back to proceed further to ultimately kill Ahiravana and rescue Rama & Lakshamana as Makardhawaja is presented as the exemplary devotee (bhakta) of Ahiravana as Hanuman for Rama.[1][2]
Lineage
The Jethwas claim their descent from Makaradhwaja. As per folk tales of their clan, Makaradhwaja had a son named Mod-dhwaja and he had a son named Jethi-dhwaja. Jethwas claim descant from Jethi-dhwaja and worship Hanuman as their Iṣṭa-devatā. The Jethwa dynasty of Gujarat, who once ruled major part of Kathiawar and later the princely state of Porbandar, therefore, had the image of Hanuman on their royal flag.[3]
Temples
Temples dedicated to Makaradhwaja can be found in India, especially in Gujarat, India where the Jethwas once ruled. Some noted temples in Gujarat and other places in India are at:
- Mandvi, of both Makaradhwaja and Hanuman
- Odadar village near Porbandar
- Hanuman Dandi temple at Bet Dwarka, where idols of Makaradhwaja and Hanuman are worshiped together[6]
- Chinchawan, Wadwani, Maharashtra
- Karahiya near Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
- Balaji Makaradhwaja, temple at Beawar, Rajasthan which is dedicated to both father-son duo in form of Balaji Hanuman and Makaradhwaja
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Makardhwaja.
- Macchanu, son of Hanuman and Suvannamachha as per Southeast Asian versions of the Ramayana
References
- ^ a b c d e f [1] SRI HANUMAN By SRI SWAMI SIVANANDA
- ^ a b c d e f Lord Hanuman and Makardhwaja, his son Archived 3 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c Kutch Gurjar Kshatriya Community: A brief history & glory: Section : History of Rajput surnames, their origin and Myths : Sub-section : History of Jethwa : by Raja Pawan Jethwa, Kolkata (2007).Page 81.
- ^ Is Science doing a Makardhwaj?[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Sri Hanuman Dandi Temple, Bet / Beyt Dwarka, Dwarka, Gujarat".
- ^ DANDI SRI HANUMAN TEMPLE, BET/BEYT DWARKA
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