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{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Twin Disc, Inc.
| name = Twin Disc, Inc.
| logo =
| logo = Twin Disc, Inc., Logo.png
| type = Public
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{NASDAQ|TWIN}}
| traded_as = {{Plainlist|
* {{NASDAQ|TWIN}}
* [[Russell 2000 Index|Russell 2000 Component]]
| genre =
| fate =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| foundation =
| founder = P.H. Batten
| defunct =
| location_city = [[Racine, Wisconsin]]
| location_country = [[United States]]
| location =
| locations =
| area_served =
| key_people = Michael E. Batten (Chairman, Chief Executive Officer) <br /> John H. Batten (President, Chief Operating Officer)<ref>http://ir.twindisc.com/directors.cfm</ref>
| industry =
| products =
| production =
| services =
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| aum =
| assets =
| equity =
| owner =
| num_employees =
| parent =
| divisions =
| subsid =
| homepage = http://www.twindisc.com/
| footnotes =
| intl =
}}
}}
| genre =
| fate =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| foundation = {{Start date and age|1918}}, in [[Racine, Wisconsin]], U.S.
| founder = {{Unbulleted list|P. H. Batten, Thomas Fawick, Arthur B. Modine}}
| defunct =
| location_city = [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]]
| location_country = United States|
| locations =
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{Plainlist|
* John H. Batten ([[President (corporate title)|president]], [[Chief executive officer|CEO]])
* Michael C. Smiley ([[chairman]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 20, 2024 |title=Board Of Directors |url=https://ir.twindisc.com/governance/board-of-directors |access-date=June 20, 2024 |publisher=Twin Disc}}</ref>
}}
| industry = Manufacturing
| products =
| production =
| brands = {{Unbulleted list|Arneson Surface Drives|Technodrive|ROLLA|Express Joystick System|Express Positioning|Quickshift}}
| services =
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| aum =
| assets =
| equity =
| owner =
| num_employees =
| parent =
| divisions =
| subsid = {{Unbulleted list|Katsa Oy|Veth Propulsion}}
| homepage = {{url|http://twindisc.com/}}
| footnotes =
| intl =
}}

'''Twin Disc, Inc.''' designs, manufactures, and distributes [[Transmission (mechanics)|power transmission]] equipment for a wide range of applications, including marine, off-road vehicle, and industrial. The company was founded in 1918 to manufacture [[clutch]]es for farm [[tractor]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Twin Disc History |website=Twin Disc |url=http://www.twindisc.com/company/history-2/}}</ref> It is now a worldwide company with subsidiaries or sales offices in [[Asia]], [[Europe]], [[North America]], [[Oceania]], and [[South America]].

== History ==
=== Founding ===
[[File:Massey-Harris Wallis tractor - geograph.org.uk - 5494987.jpg|left|thumb|A Wallis 20-30 tractor equipped with a Twin Disc clutch ]]

In 1915, veteran of the American railroad and manufacturing sector, Percy Haight Batten arrived in [[Racine, Wisconsin]] to assist in the running of the newly created Wallis Tractor Company. During his time in Racine, Batten was introduced to Arthur B. Modine, a local engineer and founder of [[Modine Manufacturing]]. Through his connection with Modine, Batten became acquainted with inventor and engineer [[Thomas Fawick]]. Fawick, who had relocated to southeastern Wisconsin from [[Sioux Falls, South Dakota]] and recently designed a revolutionary "twin-disc" clutch for use in tractors and other heavy farm equipment. After testing Fawick's new clutch design and subsequently encouraging its use in all new Wallis tractors, Batten, Fawick, and Modine incorporated Twin Disc Clutch Company in September of 1918 with Fawick serving as President, Batten as Vice-President, and Modine as Secretary and charter director.<ref>Twin Disc Clutch Company, First Meeting of Incorporators, September 19, 1918.</ref> Batten officially took over the position of President in 1925.<ref>Twin Disc Clutch Company, Regular Meeting Of the Board of Directors, February 25, 1925.</ref>

=== Early years (1920s agricultural recession and the Great Depression) ===
The early years of Twin Disc's existence were defined by intense [[Interwar farm crisis|fluctuations]] in the American agricultural sector, nearly destroying the company in the process. As a result of the instability in the agricultural world during the 1920s Twin Disc made efforts to diversify, expanding into logging, mining, oil, and other industries where heavy industrial equipment in needed.

In response to the [[Good Roads Movement]] occurring in America during the 1920s, Twin Disc expanded into the roadbuilding world, recognizing that the same powertrain issues that plagued tractors of the time were also affecting the machinery required to construct roads. The T.L Smith Company of [[Milwaukee|Milwaukee, Wisconsin]] and [[Barber Greene|The Barber-Greene Company]] of [[Aurora, Illinois]] were among the first roadbuilding companies to adopt Twin Disc Clutches.<ref>[Firstname?] Beck, ''Telsmith: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, 1906-2006'' (Virginia Beach, Virginia: Donning Publishing Company. 2006)</ref>

At the same time, discovery of massive [[Oil and gas reserves and resource quantification|oil reserves]] in [[Texas]] and [[Oklahoma]] during the early 1920s prompted Twin Disc to expand into the burgeoning oil market. By the late 1930s, Twin Disc clutches had become a staple of oil fields across America, their profitability playing a strong role in the company's ability to survive the [[Great Depression in the United States|Great Depression]].<ref>"For All Types of Rigs," ''Production Road,'' First Edition, 1938, 13. </ref>

Twin Disc introduced its first line of marine clutches during the early 1930s following a long development process starting in 1924. During the 1930s, Twin Disc's market for marine clutches was limited mostly to small, light vessels that operated at a low [[Revolutions per minute|RPM]] such as small [[Fishing vessel|fishing boats]], [[pleasure craft]], and work boats.<ref name=":0">Soren Sorenson, "I Met Percy H. Batten for the First Time in 1917," ''Fifty Years Ago'', (Twin Disc, 1968), 11.</ref>

=== The Second World War ===
[[File:Into the Jaws of Death 23-0455M edit.jpg|thumb|A Twin Disc equipped [[LCVP (United States)|LCVP]] (Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel) from the [[United States Coast Guard|U.S. Coast Guard]]-manned [[USS Samuel Chase (AP-56)|USS ''Samuel Chase'']] disembarks troops of Company A, [[16th Infantry Regiment (United States)|16th Infantry]], [[1st Infantry Division (United States)|1st Infantry Division (the Big Red One)]] wading onto the Fox Green section of [[Omaha Beach]] (Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France) on the morning of June 6, 1944.]]

During the [[World War II|Second World War]], Twin Disc was contracted by the [[Federal government of the United States|United States Government]] to produce nearly 100,000 marine gears for assorted military craft including the Landing Craft Vehicle and Personnel ([[LCVP (United States)|LCVP]]), Landing Craft Mechanized ([[Landing craft mechanized|LCM]]), and Landing Craft Tank ([[Landing craft tank|LCT]])<ref>"In The Forefront of Every Invasion," ''Production Road'', World War II Edition, 4-7.</ref> famously used by [[Allies of World War II|Allied Forces]] during the [[Normandy landings|landings]] in [[Normandy]] as a part of [[Operation Overlord]] as well at the battles of [[Battle of Iwo Jima|Iwo Jima]] and [[Battle of Okinawa|Okinawa]] in the [[Pacific War|Pacific Theatre]].

By 1942, Twin Disc had also secured a contract to produce T-10010 torque converters for the [[M4 tractor|M4]] and [[M6 tractor|M6]] high-speed [[artillery tractor]]s manufactured by the nearby Milwaukee based [[Allis-Chalmers]] tractor company.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=38-ton High-speed Tractor M6 |url=http://afvdb.50megs.com/usa/hstm6.html |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=afvdb.50megs.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=18-ton High Speed Tractor M4 |url=http://afvdb.50megs.com/usa/hstm4.html |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=afvdb.50megs.com}}</ref>

In September of 1943, Twin Disc was awarded the [[Army-Navy "E" Award]] with four stars for "Excellence in Production" during the course of the war.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wells.megan |date=2019-06-14 |title=Bringing Them Back Home: Twin Disc's Legacy of Service in World War II |url=https://twindisc.com/resources/news-events/bringing-back-home-twin-discs-legacy-service-world-war-ii/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=Twin Disc |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Postwar expansion ===
John Henry Batten was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer in 1948, succeeding his father P.H. Batten and becoming the third person and second member of the Batten family to lead Twin Disc Clutch Company.

Under the leadership of John H. Batten, Twin Disc entered a partnership with the [[Japan|Japanese]] Niigata Converter Co., Ltd. (now Hitachi Nico Transmission Co) in 1952.<ref>"Forty Years With Niigata," ''Twin Disc News,'' March/April 1993, 1,3.</ref> The partnership between the two firms has lasted over 70 years.

In the mid 1950s Twin Disc broke into the rail market, providing the first three-stage torque converter for an American locomotive.<ref name=":1">"Twin Disc Announces New Line of Single-Stage Torque Converters," ''Production Road'', v.18, no.2, 1957, 6. </ref> Internationally, Twin Disc provided torque converters for rail equipment in [[Belgium]], [[Hong Kong]], and the [[United Kingdom]].<ref name=":1" /> Twin Disc [[torque converter]]s (formerly made under license in the United Kingdom which became their only European Division known as the British Twin Disc Company Limited of Stroud in Rochester Kent who specialized in agricultural tractors, forestry skidders and forklift trucks. Later production moved to [[Rolls-Royce Limited|Rolls-Royce]]) these were fitted to the [[British Rail Class 125]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Haresnape |first=Brian |title=British Rail Fleet Survey 8: Diesel Multiple-Units - The First Generation |publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing|Ian Allan]] |year=1985 |isbn=0-7110-1495-7 |location=Shepperton |page=55}}</ref> [[diesel multiple units]] and some export [[diesel locomotive]]s, e.g. [[NZR TR class]].
[[File:Construction of Interstate 95, downtown Richmond (2899336022).jpg|thumb|Construction of [[Interstate 95]] during the late 1950s.]]
As a result of increased demand for roadbuilding equipment spurred by the [[Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956]],<ref name=":1" /> Twin Disc opened a second location in Racine in 1957, providing the company with over 90,000 square-feet of floor space for production in addition to the existing Racine and [[Rockford, Illinois|Rockford]] plants that had been used during the war.<ref>"Wisconsin Governor Dedicates New Twin Disc Plant ... Honors P.H. Batten on 38th Anniversary," ''Production Road'', v.18, no.3, 1957, 13.</ref>

Twin Disc Clutch Belgium S.A. begins operations in a new facility in [[Nivelles|Nivelles, Belgium]] in 1962, producing Twin Disc products for sale in Europe.<ref>"Belgian PM Officially Opens Twin Disc Clutch Belgium S.A.," ''Production Road'', v.24, no.2, 1962, 15.</ref>


In response to its diversification in products, Twin Disc Clutch Company changed its name to Twin Disc, Incorporated, in 1967.<ref>John. H. Batten, "To the Shareholders of Twin Disc Clutch Company," ''Twin Disc Clutch Company Annual Report,'' 1967. 4-5.</ref>
'''Twin Disc, Inc.''' designs, manufactures and distributes [[Transmission (mechanics)|power transmission]] equipment for a wide range of applications, including marine, off-road vehicle and industrial. The company was founded in the 1920s to manufacture [[clutch]]es for farm [[tractor]]s.<ref>http://www.twindisc.com/CompanyBase/History.html</ref> It is now a world-wide company with subsidiaries or sales offices in [[Asia]], [[Europe]], [[North America]], [[Oceania]], and [[South America]].


=== Acquisition milestones ===
==United Kingdom==
* In 1968, the company acquired Paragon Gear Works, based out of [[Taunton, Massachusetts]]. Paragon manufactured marine transmissions for pleasure craft.<ref>"Twin Disc News: Twin Disc Acquires PARAGON," ''Production Road,'' v.30, no.3, Fall Issue, 1968, 23.</ref>
Twin Disc [[torque converter]]s (formerly made under licence in the [[United Kingdom]] by [[Rolls-Royce Limited|Rolls-Royce]]) were fitted to some [[British United Traction]]{{cn|date=November 2012}} [[diesel multiple units]] and some export [[diesel locomotive]]s, e.g. [[NZR TR class]].
* In 1992, the company acquired the rights to produce and distribute Arneson Surface Drives.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Administrator |first=Twin Disc |title=Arneson Surface Drives |url=https://www.twindisc.it/en/arneson-surface-drives/ |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=TWIN DISC |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In 2004, the company acquired Rolla SP Propellers SA, a [[Switzerland|Swiss]] based propeller manufacturer.<ref>{{Cite web |title=company_and_hystory |url=https://www.rolla-propellers.ch/company_and_hystory.html |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=www.rolla-propellers.ch}}</ref>
* In 2007, the company acquired BCS, an Italian company that manufactures boat management systems.
* In 2018, the company acquired Veth Propulsion, a marine propulsion company based out of [[Rotterdam|Rotterdam, Netherlands]]. Veth manufactures [[Azimuth thruster|azimuth thrusters]], a product not previously produced by Twin Disc.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-04 |title=Twin Disc acquires Veth Propulsion - Twin Disc Pacific |url=https://www.twindisc.com.au/resources/news/twin-disc-acquires-veth-propulsion/ |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Twin Disc Pacific - WE PUT HORSEPOWER TO WORK® |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In 2024, the company acquired the [[Finland|Finnish]] company Katsa Oy based out of [[Tampere|Tampere, Finland]]. Katsa designs and manufactures power transmission components and gearboxes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=wells.megan |date=2024-05-31 |title=Twin Disc, Inc. Finalizes Deal to Acquire Katsa Oy |url=https://twindisc.com/resources/news-events/twin-disc-inc-finalizes-deal-to-acquire-katsa-oy/ |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=Twin Disc |language=en-US}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references/>


[[Category:Companies based in Racine, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Companies based in Racine, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Companies listed on NASDAQ]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nasdaq]]
[[Category:Nivelles]]
[[Category:Torque converters]]





Latest revision as of 20:24, 3 December 2024

Twin Disc, Inc.
Company typePublic
IndustryManufacturing
Founded1918; 106 years ago (1918), in Racine, Wisconsin, U.S.
Founder
  • P. H. Batten, Thomas Fawick, Arthur B. Modine
Headquarters,
United States
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Brands
  • Arneson Surface Drives
  • Technodrive
  • ROLLA
  • Express Joystick System
  • Express Positioning
  • Quickshift
Subsidiaries
  • Katsa Oy
  • Veth Propulsion
Websitetwindisc.com

Twin Disc, Inc. designs, manufactures, and distributes power transmission equipment for a wide range of applications, including marine, off-road vehicle, and industrial. The company was founded in 1918 to manufacture clutches for farm tractors.[2] It is now a worldwide company with subsidiaries or sales offices in Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania, and South America.

History

[edit]

Founding

[edit]
A Wallis 20-30 tractor equipped with a Twin Disc clutch

In 1915, veteran of the American railroad and manufacturing sector, Percy Haight Batten arrived in Racine, Wisconsin to assist in the running of the newly created Wallis Tractor Company. During his time in Racine, Batten was introduced to Arthur B. Modine, a local engineer and founder of Modine Manufacturing. Through his connection with Modine, Batten became acquainted with inventor and engineer Thomas Fawick. Fawick, who had relocated to southeastern Wisconsin from Sioux Falls, South Dakota and recently designed a revolutionary "twin-disc" clutch for use in tractors and other heavy farm equipment. After testing Fawick's new clutch design and subsequently encouraging its use in all new Wallis tractors, Batten, Fawick, and Modine incorporated Twin Disc Clutch Company in September of 1918 with Fawick serving as President, Batten as Vice-President, and Modine as Secretary and charter director.[3] Batten officially took over the position of President in 1925.[4]

Early years (1920s agricultural recession and the Great Depression)

[edit]

The early years of Twin Disc's existence were defined by intense fluctuations in the American agricultural sector, nearly destroying the company in the process. As a result of the instability in the agricultural world during the 1920s Twin Disc made efforts to diversify, expanding into logging, mining, oil, and other industries where heavy industrial equipment in needed.

In response to the Good Roads Movement occurring in America during the 1920s, Twin Disc expanded into the roadbuilding world, recognizing that the same powertrain issues that plagued tractors of the time were also affecting the machinery required to construct roads. The T.L Smith Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin and The Barber-Greene Company of Aurora, Illinois were among the first roadbuilding companies to adopt Twin Disc Clutches.[5]

At the same time, discovery of massive oil reserves in Texas and Oklahoma during the early 1920s prompted Twin Disc to expand into the burgeoning oil market. By the late 1930s, Twin Disc clutches had become a staple of oil fields across America, their profitability playing a strong role in the company's ability to survive the Great Depression.[6]

Twin Disc introduced its first line of marine clutches during the early 1930s following a long development process starting in 1924. During the 1930s, Twin Disc's market for marine clutches was limited mostly to small, light vessels that operated at a low RPM such as small fishing boats, pleasure craft, and work boats.[7]

The Second World War

[edit]
A Twin Disc equipped LCVP (Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel) from the U.S. Coast Guard-manned USS Samuel Chase disembarks troops of Company A, 16th Infantry, 1st Infantry Division (the Big Red One) wading onto the Fox Green section of Omaha Beach (Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France) on the morning of June 6, 1944.

During the Second World War, Twin Disc was contracted by the United States Government to produce nearly 100,000 marine gears for assorted military craft including the Landing Craft Vehicle and Personnel (LCVP), Landing Craft Mechanized (LCM), and Landing Craft Tank (LCT)[8] famously used by Allied Forces during the landings in Normandy as a part of Operation Overlord as well at the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa in the Pacific Theatre.

By 1942, Twin Disc had also secured a contract to produce T-10010 torque converters for the M4 and M6 high-speed artillery tractors manufactured by the nearby Milwaukee based Allis-Chalmers tractor company.[7][9][10]

In September of 1943, Twin Disc was awarded the Army-Navy "E" Award with four stars for "Excellence in Production" during the course of the war.[11]

Postwar expansion

[edit]

John Henry Batten was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer in 1948, succeeding his father P.H. Batten and becoming the third person and second member of the Batten family to lead Twin Disc Clutch Company.

Under the leadership of John H. Batten, Twin Disc entered a partnership with the Japanese Niigata Converter Co., Ltd. (now Hitachi Nico Transmission Co) in 1952.[12] The partnership between the two firms has lasted over 70 years.

In the mid 1950s Twin Disc broke into the rail market, providing the first three-stage torque converter for an American locomotive.[13] Internationally, Twin Disc provided torque converters for rail equipment in Belgium, Hong Kong, and the United Kingdom.[13] Twin Disc torque converters (formerly made under license in the United Kingdom which became their only European Division known as the British Twin Disc Company Limited of Stroud in Rochester Kent who specialized in agricultural tractors, forestry skidders and forklift trucks. Later production moved to Rolls-Royce) these were fitted to the British Rail Class 125[14] diesel multiple units and some export diesel locomotives, e.g. NZR TR class.

Construction of Interstate 95 during the late 1950s.

As a result of increased demand for roadbuilding equipment spurred by the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956,[13] Twin Disc opened a second location in Racine in 1957, providing the company with over 90,000 square-feet of floor space for production in addition to the existing Racine and Rockford plants that had been used during the war.[15]

Twin Disc Clutch Belgium S.A. begins operations in a new facility in Nivelles, Belgium in 1962, producing Twin Disc products for sale in Europe.[16]

In response to its diversification in products, Twin Disc Clutch Company changed its name to Twin Disc, Incorporated, in 1967.[17]

Acquisition milestones

[edit]
  • In 1968, the company acquired Paragon Gear Works, based out of Taunton, Massachusetts. Paragon manufactured marine transmissions for pleasure craft.[18]
  • In 1992, the company acquired the rights to produce and distribute Arneson Surface Drives.[19]
  • In 2004, the company acquired Rolla SP Propellers SA, a Swiss based propeller manufacturer.[20]
  • In 2007, the company acquired BCS, an Italian company that manufactures boat management systems.
  • In 2018, the company acquired Veth Propulsion, a marine propulsion company based out of Rotterdam, Netherlands. Veth manufactures azimuth thrusters, a product not previously produced by Twin Disc.[21]
  • In 2024, the company acquired the Finnish company Katsa Oy based out of Tampere, Finland. Katsa designs and manufactures power transmission components and gearboxes.[22]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Board Of Directors". Twin Disc. June 20, 2024. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  2. ^ "Twin Disc History". Twin Disc.
  3. ^ Twin Disc Clutch Company, First Meeting of Incorporators, September 19, 1918.
  4. ^ Twin Disc Clutch Company, Regular Meeting Of the Board of Directors, February 25, 1925.
  5. ^ [Firstname?] Beck, Telsmith: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, 1906-2006 (Virginia Beach, Virginia: Donning Publishing Company. 2006)
  6. ^ "For All Types of Rigs," Production Road, First Edition, 1938, 13.
  7. ^ a b Soren Sorenson, "I Met Percy H. Batten for the First Time in 1917," Fifty Years Ago, (Twin Disc, 1968), 11.
  8. ^ "In The Forefront of Every Invasion," Production Road, World War II Edition, 4-7.
  9. ^ "38-ton High-speed Tractor M6". afvdb.50megs.com. Retrieved 2024-06-17.
  10. ^ "18-ton High Speed Tractor M4". afvdb.50megs.com. Retrieved 2024-06-17.
  11. ^ wells.megan (2019-06-14). "Bringing Them Back Home: Twin Disc's Legacy of Service in World War II". Twin Disc. Retrieved 2024-06-17.
  12. ^ "Forty Years With Niigata," Twin Disc News, March/April 1993, 1,3.
  13. ^ a b c "Twin Disc Announces New Line of Single-Stage Torque Converters," Production Road, v.18, no.2, 1957, 6.
  14. ^ Haresnape, Brian (1985). British Rail Fleet Survey 8: Diesel Multiple-Units - The First Generation. Shepperton: Ian Allan. p. 55. ISBN 0-7110-1495-7.
  15. ^ "Wisconsin Governor Dedicates New Twin Disc Plant ... Honors P.H. Batten on 38th Anniversary," Production Road, v.18, no.3, 1957, 13.
  16. ^ "Belgian PM Officially Opens Twin Disc Clutch Belgium S.A.," Production Road, v.24, no.2, 1962, 15.
  17. ^ John. H. Batten, "To the Shareholders of Twin Disc Clutch Company," Twin Disc Clutch Company Annual Report, 1967. 4-5.
  18. ^ "Twin Disc News: Twin Disc Acquires PARAGON," Production Road, v.30, no.3, Fall Issue, 1968, 23.
  19. ^ Administrator, Twin Disc. "Arneson Surface Drives". TWIN DISC. Retrieved 2024-06-18.
  20. ^ "company_and_hystory". www.rolla-propellers.ch. Retrieved 2024-06-18.
  21. ^ "Twin Disc acquires Veth Propulsion - Twin Disc Pacific". Twin Disc Pacific - WE PUT HORSEPOWER TO WORK®. 2018-07-04. Retrieved 2024-06-18.
  22. ^ wells.megan (2024-05-31). "Twin Disc, Inc. Finalizes Deal to Acquire Katsa Oy". Twin Disc. Retrieved 2024-06-18.