Molina de Aragón: Difference between revisions
→Climate: Updated the climate data to the 1991-2020 values. Some parameters were copied from the spanish wikipedia, which has already been calculated. Improvements on description |
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| nickname = |
| nickname = |
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| image_skyline = Molina de Aragón, Guadalajara, España, 2016-01-05, DD 15.JPG |
| image_skyline = Molina de Aragón, Guadalajara, España, 2016-01-05, DD 15.JPG |
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| image_flag = Bandera de Molina de Aragon. |
| image_flag = Bandera de Molina de Aragon.svg |
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| image_shield = Escudo de Molina de Aragón.svg |
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| shield_size = 60px |
| shield_size = 60px |
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| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Spain. |
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Province of Guadalajara##Location in Castile-La Mancha##Location in Spain. |
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| pushpin_map = Spain Province of Guadalajara#Spain Castile-La Mancha#Spain |
| pushpin_map = Spain Province of Guadalajara#Spain Castile-La Mancha#Spain |
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| pushpin_label = Molina de Aragón |
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| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
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| subdivision_name = {{ESP}} |
| subdivision_name = {{ESP}} |
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| utc_offset_DST = +2 |
| utc_offset_DST = +2 |
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|coordinates = {{coord|40|50|46|N|1|53|11|W|display=inline,title}} |
|coordinates = {{coord|40|50|46|N|1|53|11|W|display=inline,title}} |
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| website = {{official website| |
| website = {{official website|https://www.molinadearagon.es/}} |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
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| }} |
| }} |
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'''Molina de Aragón''' is a municipality located in the [[province of Guadalajara]], [[Castile-La Mancha]], Spain. According to the 2009 [[census]] ([[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|INE]]), the municipality had a population of 3,671 inhabitants. It |
'''Molina de Aragón''' is a municipality located in the [[province of Guadalajara]], [[Castile-La Mancha]], Spain. According to the 2009 [[census]] ([[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|INE]]), the municipality had a population of 3,671 inhabitants. It held the record (−28.2 °C) for the lowest temperature measured by a [[meteorological station]] in Spain, and now it's on the third place.<ref>{{cite web |title=Temperaturas históricas en España |url=https://www.eltiempo.es/noticias/record-de-tempertatura-minima-mas-baja-en-espana |access-date=25 August 2023 |website=El Tiempo}}</ref> |
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It was the seat of the [[taifa of Molina]], a [[Moors|Moorish]] independent state, before it was reconquered by the Christians of [[Alfonso I of Aragon]] in 1129. On 21 April 1154 [[Manrique Pérez de Lara]] issued a sweeping ''[[fuero]]'' to the town of Molina, which he was building into a semi-independent fief.<ref>Simon Barton, ''The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 265.</ref> He and his descendants claimed to rule Molina ''Dei gratia'' ("[[by the grace of God]]"). |
It was the seat of the [[taifa of Molina]], a [[Moors|Moorish]] independent state, before it was reconquered by the Christians of [[Alfonso I of Aragon]] in 1129. On 21 April 1154 [[Manrique Pérez de Lara]] issued a sweeping ''[[fuero]]'' to the town of Molina, which he was building into a semi-independent fief.<ref>Simon Barton, ''The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 265.</ref> He and his descendants claimed to rule Molina ''Dei gratia'' ("[[by the grace of God]]"). Molina is also the type location of the carbonate mineral [[aragonite]]. |
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==Main sights== |
==Main sights== |
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==Climate== |
==Climate== |
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Molina de Aragón has |
Molina de Aragón has a [[mediterranean climate|warm-summer mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Csb'') with some [[semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] influences. Precipitation is irregular throughout the year, with most rainfall occurring during spring and autumn. Winters are cool, with temperatures often below {{convert|0|C|F}} due to its altitude and its inland location. Summers are warm with mean maximum around {{convert|30|C|F}} while the nights remain relatively cool. |
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|metric first = Yes |
|metric first = Yes |
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|single line = Yes |
|single line = Yes |
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|Feb record high C = 26.8 |
|Feb record high C = 26.8 |
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|Mar record high C = 26.8 |
|Mar record high C = 26.8 |
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|Apr record high C = |
|Apr record high C = 29.6 |
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|May record high C = 33.2 |
|May record high C = 33.2 |
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|Jun record high C = |
|Jun record high C = 37.8 |
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|Jul record high C = 38. |
|Jul record high C = 38.0 |
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|Aug record high C = 38.0 |
|Aug record high C = 38.0 |
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|Sep record high C = 36.4 |
|Sep record high C = 36.4 |
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|Nov record high C = 23.6 |
|Nov record high C = 23.6 |
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|Dec record high C = 19.2 |
|Dec record high C = 19.2 |
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|year record high C = |
|year record high C = |
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|Jan high C = 8. |
|Jan high C = 8.8 |
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|Feb high C = 10. |
|Feb high C = 10.8 |
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|Mar high C = 14.4 |
|Mar high C = 14.4 |
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|Apr high C = |
|Apr high C = 16.5 |
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|May high C = 20. |
|May high C = 20.9 |
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|Jun high C = |
|Jun high C = 26.1 |
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|Jul high C = |
|Jul high C = 30.0 |
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|Aug high C = 29. |
|Aug high C = 29.7 |
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|Sep high C = 24. |
|Sep high C = 24.3 |
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|Oct high C = 18. |
|Oct high C = 18.4 |
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|Nov high C = 12.0 |
|Nov high C = 12.0 |
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|Dec high C = |
|Dec high C = 9.2 |
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|year high C = |
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|Jan mean C = 2.8 |
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|Feb mean C = 3.9 |
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|Mar mean C = 6.8 |
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|Apr mean C = 9.1 |
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|May mean C = 13.1 |
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|Jun mean C = 17.5 |
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|Jul mean C = 20.4 |
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|Aug mean C = 20.3 |
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|Sep mean C = 15.9 |
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|Oct mean C = 11.2 |
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|Nov mean C = 6.0 |
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|Dec mean C = 3.3 |
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|year mean C = |
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|Jan low C = -3.3 |
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|Feb low C = -3.0 |
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|Mar low C = -0.8 |
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|Apr low C = 1.7 |
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|May low C = 5.2 |
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|Jun low C = 8.8 |
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|Jul low C = 10.9 |
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|Aug low C = 10.9 |
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|Sep low C = 7.4 |
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|Oct low C = 4.1 |
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|Nov low C = 0.0 |
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|Dec low C = -2.6 |
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|year low C = |
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|Jan record low C = -28.2 |
|Jan record low C = -28.2 |
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|Feb record low C = -20.2 |
|Feb record low C = -20.2 |
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|Jul record low C = 1.0 |
|Jul record low C = 1.0 |
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|Aug record low C = 0.0 |
|Aug record low C = 0.0 |
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|Sep record low C = 3.6 |
|Sep record low C = -3.6 |
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|Oct record low C = -6.4 |
|Oct record low C = -6.4 |
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|Nov record low C = -15.6 |
|Nov record low C = -15.6 |
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|Dec record low C = -28.0 |
|Dec record low C = -28.0 |
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|year record low C = |
|year record low C = |
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|precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 27.5 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = 24.2 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = 36.6 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 49.7 |
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|May precipitation mm = 59.7 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 44.9 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 18.0 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 23.8 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 42.6 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 46.1 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 39.1 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 30.9 |
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|year precipitation mm = |
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|unit precipitation days = 1 mm |
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|Jan precipitation days = 5.7 |
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|Feb precipitation days = 5.2 |
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|Mar precipitation days = 6.9 |
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|Apr precipitation days = 8.8 |
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|May precipitation days = 8.7 |
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|Jun precipitation days = 6.1 |
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|Jul precipitation days = 2.8 |
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|Aug precipitation days = 3.0 |
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|Sep precipitation days = 4.7 |
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|Oct precipitation days = 7.5 |
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|Nov precipitation days = 6.9 |
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⚫ | |||
|Dec precipitation days = 5.9 |
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⚫ | |||
|year precipitation days = |
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| Jan snow days =5.2 |
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| Feb snow days =4.3 |
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| Mar snow days =3.6 |
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| Apr snow days =1.9 |
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| May snow days =0.3 |
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| Jun snow days =0 |
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| Jul snow days =0 |
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| Aug snow days =0 |
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| Sep snow days =0 |
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| Oct snow days =0.2 |
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| Nov snow days =1.6 |
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| Dec snow days =2.2 |
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| year snow days = |
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|Jan humidity = 74 |
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|Feb humidity = 67 |
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|Mar humidity = 63 |
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|Apr humidity = 62 |
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|May humidity = 58 |
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|Jun humidity = 53 |
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|Jul humidity = 47 |
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|Aug humidity = 48 |
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|Sep humidity = 57 |
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|Oct humidity = 67 |
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|Nov humidity = 73 |
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|Dec humidity = 76 |
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|year humidity = |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|Mar sun = 202 |
|Mar sun = 202 |
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|Apr sun = |
|Apr sun = 207 |
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|May sun = |
|May sun = 239 |
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|Jun sun = |
|Jun sun = 282 |
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|Jul sun = |
|Jul sun = 335 |
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|Aug sun = |
|Aug sun = 307 |
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|Sep sun = |
|Sep sun = 237 |
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|Oct sun = |
|Oct sun = 177 |
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|Nov sun = |
|Nov sun = 120 |
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|Dec sun = |
|Dec sun = 115 |
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|year sun = |
|year sun = |
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|source 1 = <ref |
|source 1 = [[Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia]]<ref>{{cite web |url =https://www.aemet.es/es/datos_abiertos/AEMET_OpenData |title=AEMET OpenData|publisher=Aemet.es|access-date = 4 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url =http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos?w=0&k=clm&l=3013&datos=det|title=Molina de Aragón Climate Extremes|publisher=Aemet.es |access-date = 6 December 2014}}</ref> |
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|source 2 = <ref name=Aemet2.es>{{cite web |url =http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos?w=0&k=clm&l=3013&datos=det|title=Molina de Aragón Climate Extremes|publisher=Aemet.es |accessdate = 6 December 2014}}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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==Notable persons== |
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* [[Claro Abánades López]] (1879-1973), Carlist politician and publisher |
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* [[Romualdo de Toledo y Robles]] (1895-1974), Carlist politician and longtime high official of Ministry of Education |
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* [[José María Araúz de Robles Estremera]] (1898-1977), Carlist politician and bull-breeder |
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== Gallery == |
== Gallery == |
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WLM14ES - 02082003 125604 1812 - .jpg|Tower of Aragon. |
WLM14ES - 02082003 125604 1812 - .jpg|Tower of Aragon. |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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==See also== |
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*[[Aragonite]] |
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== Notes == |
== Notes == |
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{{Municipalities in Guadalajara}} |
{{Municipalities in Guadalajara}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Molina de Aragon}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Molina de Aragon}} |
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[[Category:Municipalities in the Province of Guadalajara]] |
[[Category:Municipalities in the Province of Guadalajara]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in the Province of Guadalajara]] |
Latest revision as of 20:05, 4 December 2024
Molina de Aragón, Spain | |
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Coordinates: 40°50′46″N 1°53′11″W / 40.84611°N 1.88639°W | |
Country | Spain |
Autonomous community | Castile-La Mancha |
Province | Guadalajara |
Comarca | Señorío de Molina-Alto Tajo |
Government | |
• Mayor | David Pascual Herrera |
Area | |
• Total | 168.33 km2 (64.99 sq mi) |
Elevation | 1,065 m (3,494 ft) |
Population (2018)[1] | |
• Total | 3,295 |
• Density | 20/km2 (51/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Postal code | 19300 |
Website | Official website |
Molina de Aragón is a municipality located in the province of Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2009 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 3,671 inhabitants. It held the record (−28.2 °C) for the lowest temperature measured by a meteorological station in Spain, and now it's on the third place.[2]
It was the seat of the taifa of Molina, a Moorish independent state, before it was reconquered by the Christians of Alfonso I of Aragon in 1129. On 21 April 1154 Manrique Pérez de Lara issued a sweeping fuero to the town of Molina, which he was building into a semi-independent fief.[3] He and his descendants claimed to rule Molina Dei gratia ("by the grace of God"). Molina is also the type location of the carbonate mineral aragonite.
Main sights
[edit]- Medieval alcazar (10th–11th centuries), the largest in the province
- Roman bridge (Puente Viejo)
- Convent of St. Francis
- Giraldo (St. Francis Church Bell Tower)
- Church of Santa Clara
- Church of Santa María de San Gil
- Molina-Alto Tajo Geopark, Molina de Aragon is within this Geopark.
List of settlements in the municipality
[edit]Climate
[edit]Molina de Aragón has a warm-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csb) with some semi-arid influences. Precipitation is irregular throughout the year, with most rainfall occurring during spring and autumn. Winters are cool, with temperatures often below 0 °C (32 °F) due to its altitude and its inland location. Summers are warm with mean maximum around 30 °C (86 °F) while the nights remain relatively cool.
Climate data for Molina de Aragón 1062m (1991–2020), extremes (1949-present) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 21.4 (70.5) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.8 (80.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
33.2 (91.8) |
37.8 (100.0) |
38.0 (100.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.4 (97.5) |
30.0 (86.0) |
23.6 (74.5) |
19.2 (66.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.8 (47.8) |
10.8 (51.4) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.5 (61.7) |
20.9 (69.6) |
26.1 (79.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
29.7 (85.5) |
24.3 (75.7) |
18.4 (65.1) |
12.0 (53.6) |
9.2 (48.6) |
18.4 (65.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
3.9 (39.0) |
6.8 (44.2) |
9.1 (48.4) |
13.1 (55.6) |
17.5 (63.5) |
20.4 (68.7) |
20.3 (68.5) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.2 (52.2) |
6.0 (42.8) |
3.3 (37.9) |
10.9 (51.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.3 (26.1) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
1.7 (35.1) |
5.2 (41.4) |
8.8 (47.8) |
10.9 (51.6) |
10.9 (51.6) |
7.4 (45.3) |
4.1 (39.4) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
3.3 (37.9) |
Record low °C (°F) | −28.2 (−18.8) |
−20.2 (−4.4) |
−15.6 (3.9) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
1.0 (33.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−15.6 (3.9) |
−28.0 (−18.4) |
−28.2 (−18.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.5 (1.08) |
24.2 (0.95) |
36.6 (1.44) |
49.7 (1.96) |
59.7 (2.35) |
44.9 (1.77) |
18.0 (0.71) |
23.8 (0.94) |
42.6 (1.68) |
46.1 (1.81) |
39.1 (1.54) |
30.9 (1.22) |
443.1 (17.45) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 5.7 | 5.2 | 6.9 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 6.1 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 4.7 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 5.9 | 72.2 |
Average snowy days | 5.2 | 4.3 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 19.3 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 74 | 67 | 63 | 62 | 58 | 53 | 47 | 48 | 57 | 67 | 73 | 76 | 62 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 133 | 155 | 202 | 207 | 239 | 282 | 335 | 307 | 237 | 177 | 120 | 115 | 2,509 |
Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia[4][5] |
Notable persons
[edit]- Claro Abánades López (1879-1973), Carlist politician and publisher
- Romualdo de Toledo y Robles (1895-1974), Carlist politician and longtime high official of Ministry of Education
- José María Araúz de Robles Estremera (1898-1977), Carlist politician and bull-breeder
Gallery
[edit]-
A typical inn (built 1826) at Molina de Aragón, Spain.
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Old bridge over the Gallo river, 13th century, in the background the Medieval alcazar of Molina de Aragón, Spain.
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Giraldo on top of St. Francis Church bell Tower.
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Posada de los Comuneros.
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Tower of Aragon.
Notes
[edit]- ^ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
- ^ "Temperaturas históricas en España". El Tiempo. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
- ^ Simon Barton, The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 265.
- ^ "AEMET OpenData". Aemet.es. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
- ^ "Molina de Aragón Climate Extremes". Aemet.es. Retrieved 6 December 2014.