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{{short description|Unreleased prototype video game}}
{{Infobox video game
{{Infobox video game
|title = IMSA World Championship Racing
|title = IMSA World Championship Racing
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}}


'''''IMSA World Championship Racing'''''{{efn|Also known as '''''World Championship Racing''''' and '''''IMSA Racing'''''.}} is an unreleased [[sports prototype]] [[Racing video game|racing]] [[video game]] that was in development and planned to be published by [[Studio 3DO]] on a scheduled [[1997 in video gaming|fall 1997]] release date exclusively for the [[Panasonic M2]]. Had it been released before the launch of the [[Video game console|console]] was cancelled, it would have become the first officially licensed title by the [[International Motor Sports Association]] and one of the first titles to be launched alongside the system.
'''''IMSA World Championship Racing'''''{{efn|Also known as '''''World Championship Racing''''' and '''''IMSA Racing'''''.}} is an unreleased [[sports prototype]] [[Racing video game|racing]] [[video game]] that was in development and planned to be published by [[Studio 3DO]] on a scheduled fall 1997 release date exclusively for the [[Panasonic M2]]. Had it been released before the launch of the [[Video game console|console]] was cancelled, it would have become the first officially licensed title by the [[International Motor Sports Association]] (IMSA) and one of the first titles to be launched before the system it was designed for.


In the game, players compete against other racers across multiple tracks in order to finish in first place and advance to the next course. Directed and designed by [[Atari, Inc.|Atari]] veteran Ed Rotberg of ''[[Battlezone (1980 video game)|Battlezone]]'' and ''[[Star Wars (1983 video game)|Star Wars]]'' fame, ''IMSA World Championship Racing'' originated as a demo that was showcased at [[E3 1995]] and spent two years in development before the launch of the M2 was aborted by Panasonic due to unwillingness in competing against other [[Fifth generation of video game consoles|fifth generation consoles]] released during the period, leaving the game [[Publication#Unpublished works|unpublished]] as a result.
In the game, players compete against other racers across multiple tracks in order to finish in first place and advance to the next course. Directed and designed by [[Atari, Inc.|Atari]] veteran Ed Rotberg of ''[[Battlezone (1980 video game)|Battlezone]]'' and ''[[Star Wars (1983 video game)|Star Wars]]'' fame, ''IMSA World Championship Racing'' originated as a demo that was showcased at [[E3 1995]] and spent two years in development before the launch of the M2 was aborted by Panasonic due to unwillingness in competing against other [[Fifth generation of video game consoles|fifth generation consoles]] released during the period, leaving the game [[Publication#Unpublished works|unpublished]] as a result.


Despite ''IMSA World Championship Racing'' never being officially released to the public by Studio 3DO, an [[ISO image]] of the nearly completed game was leaked [[online]] in [[2010 in video gaming|2010]] with permission from one of the original developers of the project by a community member of the [[3DO Interactive Multiplayer|3DO]] Zone [[phpBB|forum]]s, making it the only M2 title intended for [[Home video game console|home console]]s to be made available as of date.
Despite ''IMSA World Championship Racing'' never being officially released to the public by Studio 3DO, an [[ISO image]] of the nearly completed game was leaked [[online]] in 2010 with permission from one of the original developers of the project by a community member of the [[3DO Interactive Multiplayer|3DO]] Zone [[phpBB|forum]]s, making it the only M2 title intended for [[Home video game console|home console]]s to be made available as of date.


== Gameplay ==
== Gameplay ==
[[File:M2 IMSA World Championship Racing.png|thumb|right|Gameplay screenshot from the released beta build.]]
[[File:M2 IMSA World Championship Racing.png|thumb|right|Gameplay screenshot from the released beta build]]
''IMSA World Championship Racing'' is a sports prototype racing game similar to ''[[Gran Turismo (1997 video game)|Gran Turismo]]'', where the player must maneuver a [[car]] to compete against [[artificial intelligence|artificially intelligent]] opponents on various [[race track]]s set across countries such as [[United States]] and [[Japan]]. The game features various modes to choose from such as Arcade Mode, where the player can freely choose the courses they wish to race on, alongside the option of adjusting other settings such as [[weather conditions]], number of laps and more.
''IMSA World Championship Racing'' is a sports prototype racing game similar to ''[[Gran Turismo (1997 video game)|Gran Turismo]]'', where the player must maneuver a [[car]] to compete against [[artificial intelligence|artificially intelligent]] opponents on various [[race track]]s set across countries such as [[United States]] and [[Japan]]. The game features various modes to choose from such as Arcade Mode, where the player can freely choose the courses they wish to race on, alongside the option of adjusting other settings such as [[weather conditions]], number of laps and more.


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== History ==
== History ==
The M2 hardware, which was co-designed by [[Dave Needle]] and [[Robert J. Mical|R. J. Mical]],<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Don't Count Out 3DO's New M2|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=72|publisher=Sendai Publishing |date=July 1995|page=26}}</ref> was first announced as an [[Video game accessory#Add-ons/Peripherals|add-on]] chip intended for the [[3DO Interactive Multiplayer]] [[Video game#Platforms|platform]] using a custom [[PowerPC]] [[microprocessor]],<ref>{{cite magazine|last=|first=|url=https://archive.org/details/GamePro_Issue_064_November_1994/page/n279|title=ProNews – 3DO Powers Up|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=74|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=November 1994|page=272}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Exploring M2: A Closer Look at 3DO's Newest Technology |magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=71 |publisher=Sendai Publishing|date=June 1995|pages=60–61}}</ref> however the project eventually became a standalone console and was exhibited and demonstrated during the Electronic Entertainment Expo 1995 on May.<ref name="IMSAa">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/Edge_UK_022/page/n9|title=News – M2 another step closer to reality|magazine=[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]|issue=22|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=July 1995|page=10|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/Edge_UK_022/page/n9|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="IMSAb">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-007/page/n19|title=Breaking – E3 – 3DO|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=7|publisher=[[Future US|Imagine Media]]|date=July 1995|page=19|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-007/page/n19|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> During the conference, a [[pre-rendered]] futuristic racing [[Technology demonstration|tech demo]] created by Team 3DO was showcased to demonstrate the system's capabilities to the gaming press and attendees.<ref name="IMSAa"/><ref name="IMSAb"/><ref>{{cite video|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WE0-NVXfEqU|work=[[YouTube]]|date=February 16, 2007|author=gdraxa|title=3DO M2 "Racing Game" demo from E3 1995|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225173242/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WE0-NVXfEqU|url-status=live|df=mdy-all|archive-date=February 25, 2018}}</ref><ref name="IMSAc">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/Edge_UK_024/page/n5|title=Cutting Edge – 3DO buoyant as M2 picks up speed|magazine=[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]|issue=23|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=September 1995|pages=6–7|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/Edge_UK_024/page/n5|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="IMSAd">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-012/page/n81|title=NG Hardware – 3DO M2 – Key Software|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=12|publisher=[[Future US|Imagine Media]]|date=December 1995|page=81|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-012/page/n81|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="IMSAi">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_22/page/n17|title=News – M2: Matsushita breaks its silence|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=22|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=October 1996|pages=16–19|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_22/page/n17|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> Four months later, it was revealed that Studio 3DO were working on a [[formula one]] racing game for the M2, becoming one of the first projects to be officially announced for the then-upcoming system along with ''[[ClayFighter 63⅓]]'', ''[[Descent (1995 video game)|Descent]]'' and ''[[Iron & Blood: Warriors of Ravenloft]]'', but not much information was given about the title afterwards.<ref name="IMSAc"/><ref name="IMSAd"/>
The M2 hardware, which was co-designed by [[Dave Needle]] and [[RJ Mical]],<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Don't Count Out 3DO's New M2|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=72|publisher=Sendai Publishing |date=July 1995|page=26}}</ref> was first announced as an [[Video game accessory#Add-ons/Peripherals|add-on]] chip intended for the [[3DO Interactive Multiplayer]] [[Video game#Platforms|platform]] using a custom [[PowerPC]] [[microprocessor]],<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/GamePro_Issue_064_November_1994/page/n279|title=ProNews – 3DO Powers Up|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=74|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=November 1994|page=272}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Exploring M2: A Closer Look at 3DO's Newest Technology |magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=71 |publisher=Sendai Publishing|date=June 1995|pages=60–61}}</ref> however the project eventually became a standalone console and was exhibited and demonstrated during the Electronic Entertainment Expo 1995 in May.<ref name="IMSAa">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/Edge_UK_022/page/n9|title=News – M2 another step closer to reality|magazine=[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]|issue=22|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=July 1995|page=10|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/Edge_UK_022/page/n9|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="IMSAb">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-007/page/n19|title=Breaking – E3 – 3DO|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=7|publisher=[[Future US|Imagine Media]]|date=July 1995|page=19|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-007/page/n19|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> During the conference, a [[pre-rendered]] futuristic racing [[Technology demonstration|tech demo]] created by Team 3DO was showcased to demonstrate the system's capabilities to the video game press and attendees.<ref>{{cite video|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WE0-NVXfEqU|work=[[YouTube]]|date=February 16, 2007|author=gdraxa|title=3DO M2 "Racing Game" demo from E3 1995|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225173242/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WE0-NVXfEqU|url-status=live|df=mdy-all|archive-date=February 25, 2018}}</ref><ref name="IMSAc">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/Edge_UK_024/page/n5|title=Cutting Edge – 3DO buoyant as M2 picks up speed|magazine=[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]|issue=23|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=September 1995|pages=6–7|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/Edge_UK_024/page/n5|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="IMSAd">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-012/page/n81|title=NG Hardware – 3DO M2 – Key Software|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=12|publisher=[[Future US|Imagine Media]]|date=December 1995|page=81|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-012/page/n81|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="IMSAi">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_22/page/n17|title=News – M2: Matsushita breaks its silence|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=22|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=October 1996|pages=16–19|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_22/page/n17|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> Four months later, it was revealed that Studio 3DO were working on a [[formula one]] racing game for the M2, becoming one of the first projects to be officially announced for the upcoming system along with ''[[ClayFighter 63⅓]]'', ''[[Descent (1995 video game)|Descent]]'' and ''[[Iron & Blood: Warriors of Ravenloft]]'', but not much information was given about the title afterwards.<ref name="IMSAc"/><ref name="IMSAd"/>


In [[1996 in video gaming|1996]], more information about the game was divulged on magazines such as ''3DO Magazine'', which now listed the game under the name ''IMSA Racing'' as one of the upcoming launch titles for the system alongside other projects in development such as ''[[D2 (video game)|D2]]'' and an [[Action role-playing game|action role-playing]] game called ''Power Crystal'', in addition of revealing that the project was developed from the demo that was previously featured at E3 1995.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_10_1996-05_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n33|title=Preview – Coming Soon – M2|magazine=[[Paragon Publishing|3DO Magazine]]|issue=10|publisher=[[Paragon Publishing]]|date=May 1996|page=34|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_10_1996-05_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n33|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_12_1996-07_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n3|title=News – E3 '96: 3DO? – M2 Dream List|magazine=[[Paragon Publishing|3DO Magazine]]|issue=12|publisher=[[Paragon Publishing]]|date=July 1996|page=4|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_12_1996-07_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n3|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_12_1996-07_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n33|title=Preview – Coming Soon – M2|magazine=[[Paragon Publishing|3DO Magazine]]|issue=12|publisher=[[Paragon Publishing]]|date=July 1996|page=34|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_12_1996-07_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n33|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_28/page/n21|title=Breaking – M2: Matsushita's 64-bit console gets games|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=28|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=April 1997|pages=20–21|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050057/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_28/page/n21|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> The M2 itself, however, failed to make an appearance during E3 1996, with one spokesperson representing Panasonic at the show stating that they were still undecided on how to use the M2 technology and that it was no longer certain that they would be using it as a gaming platform, despite the company still retaining rights of the technology.<ref name="IMSAi"/><ref>{{cite magazine|last=|first=|url=https://archive.org/details/GamePro_Issue_085_August_1996/page/n17|title=ProNews – Show Notes|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=95|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=August 1996|page=16}}</ref> Later in 1996, it was reported that Studio 3DO were working on several games for the platform including ''IMSA Racing''.<ref name="EGM87">{{cite magazine|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3AEGM_US_087.pdf&page=22|title=Press Start – The Big Story – More Power To M2|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=87|publisher=EGM Media, LLC|date=October 1996|pages=20–22|access-date=2019-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227060250/https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3AEGM_US_087.pdf&page=22|archive-date=2019-02-27|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1996, more information about the game was divulged on magazines such as ''3DO Magazine'', which now listed the game under the name ''IMSA Racing'' as one of the upcoming launch titles for the system alongside other projects in development such as ''[[D2 (video game)|D2]]'' and an [[Action role-playing game|action role-playing]] game called ''Power Crystal'', in addition of revealing that the project was developed from the demo that was previously featured at E3 1995.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_10_1996-05_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n33|title=Preview – Coming Soon – M2|magazine=[[Paragon Publishing|3DO Magazine]]|issue=10|publisher=[[Paragon Publishing]]|date=May 1996|page=34|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_10_1996-05_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n33|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_12_1996-07_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n3|title=News – E3 '96: 3DO? – M2 Dream List|magazine=[[Paragon Publishing|3DO Magazine]]|issue=12|publisher=[[Paragon Publishing]]|date=July 1996|page=4|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_12_1996-07_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n3|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_12_1996-07_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n33|title=Preview – Coming Soon – M2|magazine=[[Paragon Publishing|3DO Magazine]]|issue=12|publisher=[[Paragon Publishing]]|date=July 1996|page=34|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/3DO_Magazine_Issue_12_1996-07_Paragon_Publishing_GB/page/n33|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_28/page/n21|title=Breaking – M2: Matsushita's 64-bit console gets games|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=28|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=April 1997|pages=20–21|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050057/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_28/page/n21|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> The M2 itself, however, failed to make an appearance during E3 1996, with one spokesperson representing Panasonic at the show stating that they were still undecided on how to use the M2 technology and that it was no longer certain that they would be using it as a video game platform, despite the company still retaining rights of the technology.<ref name="IMSAi"/><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/GamePro_Issue_085_August_1996/page/n17|title=ProNews – Show Notes|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=95|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=August 1996|page=16}}</ref> Later in 1996, it was reported that Studio 3DO were working on several games for the platform including ''IMSA Racing''.<ref name="EGM87">{{cite magazine|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3AEGM_US_087.pdf&page=22|title=Press Start – The Big Story – More Power To M2|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=87|publisher=EGM Media, LLC|date=October 1996|pages=20–22|access-date=2019-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227060250/https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3AEGM_US_087.pdf&page=22|archive-date=2019-02-27|url-status=live}}</ref>


In 1997, despite the M2 still not having a concrete release date and planned marketing strategy,<ref>{{cite magazine|last=|first=|url=https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-26/page/n17|title=News – World Exclusive: M2 Specs Revealed|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=26|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=February 1997|pages=16–17}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_30/page/n64|title=Special – Matsushita M2: Hit or Myth?|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=30|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=June 1997|pages=62–63|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_30/page/n64|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> [[video game magazines]] featured the game in a playable state, now under the title ''World Championship Racing'' and listed for a Fall 1997 release date and despite reassurance by Panasonic that the console was still on schedule to be released.<ref name="EGMimsa1">{{cite magazine|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:EGM_US_095.pdf&page=94|title=Last-Minute Update – M2|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=95|publisher=EGM Media, LLC|date=June 1997|page=94|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:EGM_US_095.pdf&page=94|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="DHGFimsa1">{{cite magazine|last=Hodgson|first=David|url=https://archive.org/details/Gamefan_Vol_5_Issue_07/page/n27|title=In Development – World Championship Racing – The First M2 Game Revealed!|magazine=[[GameFan]]|volume=5|issue=7|publisher=Shinno Media|date=July 1997|page=26|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/Gamefan_Vol_5_Issue_07/page/n27|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NGenimsa1">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_31/page/n65|title=Alphas – World Championship Racing|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=31|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=July 1997|pages=64–65|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_31/page/n65|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="GProimsa1">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/GamePro_Issue_107_Volume_09_Number_08_1997-08_IDG_Publishing_US#page/n21/mode/2up|title=ProNews – 3DO: M2 Lives|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=107|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=August 1997|page=21|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409025711/https://archive.org/stream/GamePro_Issue_107_Volume_09_Number_08_1997-08_IDG_Publishing_US#page/n21/mode/2up#page/n21/mode/2up|archive-date=2016-04-09|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Campbell|first=Colin|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_32/page/n31|title=Movers and Shakers – M2 Is "Alive" Says Matsushita|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=32|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=August 1997|page=30|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_32/page/n31|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> The company cancelled the project in mid-1997 and stated that systems such as the [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]] and [[Nintendo 64]], in addition of believing that the system would not have been revolutionary against other upcoming consoles were reasons for its discontinuation and left the game unreleased as a result.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=|first=|url=https://archive.org/stream/GamePro_Issue_108_Volume_09_Number_09_1997-09_IDG_Publishing_US#page/n21/mode/1up|title=ProNews: Matsushita Kills the M2|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=101|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=September 1997|page=20}}</ref><ref name="NGenimsa2">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_33/page/n21|title=News – Matsushita: Finally Pulling The Plug|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=33|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=September 1997|pages=20–21|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_33/page/n21|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NGenimsa3">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_34/page/n23|title=Breaking – M2 just not good enough|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=34|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=October 1997|page=23|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_34/page/n23|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="RG91imsa">{{cite magazine|last=Szczepaniak|first=John|title=Obscura Machina: Panasonic M2|magazine=[[Retro Gamer]]|issue=91|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=July 2011|pages=66–67}}</ref><ref name="RG122imsa">{{cite magazine|last=Matthews|first=Will|title=Ahead of its Time – A 3DO Retrospective|magazine=[[Retro Gamer]]|issue=122|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=December 2013|pages=18–29}}</ref> The technology intended for the M2, however, was repurposed for a variety of devices.<ref name="IMSAr">{{cite magazine|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3AEdge_UK_054.pdf&page=13|title=News – M2 Resurfaces In Non-Gaming Guise|magazine=[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]|issue=54|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=January 1998|page=13|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3AEdge_UK_054.pdf&page=13|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="IMSAs">{{cite magazine|last=Johnston|first=Chris|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:EGM_US_102.pdf&page=26|title=Video Game News - The hottest gaming news on the planet: Tidbits... - M2's Second Life|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=|publisher=[[Ziff Davis]]|date=January 1998|page=22}}</ref><ref name="IMSAt">{{cite magazine|last=Everingham|first=Max|url=https://archive.org/details/N64_Magazine_Issue_011_1998-01_Future_Publishing_GB/page/n29|title=Made In Japan – M2 born again?|magazine=[[N64 Magazine]]|issue=11|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=January 1998|page=31}}</ref>
In 1997, despite the M2 still not having a concrete release date and planned marketing strategy,<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/nextgen-issue-26/page/n17|title=News – World Exclusive: M2 Specs Revealed|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=26|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=February 1997|pages=16–17}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_30/page/n64|title=Special – Matsushita M2: Hit or Myth?|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=30|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=June 1997|pages=62–63|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_30/page/n64|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> [[video game magazines]] featured the game in a playable state, now under the title ''World Championship Racing'' and listed for a Fall 1997 release date and despite reassurance by Panasonic that the console was still on schedule to be released.<ref name="EGMimsa1">{{cite magazine|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:EGM_US_095.pdf&page=94|title=Last-Minute Update – M2|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=95|publisher=EGM Media, LLC|date=June 1997|page=94|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:EGM_US_095.pdf&page=94|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="DHGFimsa1">{{cite magazine|last=Hodgson|first=David|url=https://archive.org/details/Gamefan_Vol_5_Issue_07/page/n27|title=In Development – World Championship Racing – The First M2 Game Revealed!|magazine=[[GameFan]]|volume=5|issue=7|publisher=Shinno Media|date=July 1997|page=26|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/Gamefan_Vol_5_Issue_07/page/n27|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NGenimsa1">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_31/page/n65|title=Alphas – World Championship Racing|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=31|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=July 1997|pages=64–65|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_31/page/n65|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="GProimsa1">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/GamePro_Issue_107_Volume_09_Number_08_1997-08_IDG_Publishing_US#page/n21/mode/2up|title=ProNews – 3DO: M2 Lives|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=107|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=August 1997|page=21|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409025711/https://archive.org/stream/GamePro_Issue_107_Volume_09_Number_08_1997-08_IDG_Publishing_US#page/n21/mode/2up#page/n21/mode/2up|archive-date=2016-04-09|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Campbell|first=Colin|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_32/page/n31|title=Movers and Shakers – M2 Is "Alive" Says Matsushita|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=32|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=August 1997|page=30|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_32/page/n31|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref> The company cancelled the project in mid-1997 and stated that systems such as the [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]] and [[Nintendo 64]], in addition of believing that the system would not have been revolutionary against other upcoming consoles were reasons for its discontinuation and left the game unreleased as a result.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/GamePro_Issue_108_Volume_09_Number_09_1997-09_IDG_Publishing_US#page/n21/mode/1up|title=ProNews: Matsushita Kills the M2|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=101|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=September 1997|page=20}}</ref><ref name="NGenimsa2">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_33/page/n21|title=News – Matsushita: Finally Pulling The Plug|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=33|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=September 1997|pages=20–21|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_33/page/n21|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NGenimsa3">{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_34/page/n23|title=Breaking – M2 just not good enough|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=34|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=October 1997|page=23|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://archive.org/details/NEXT_Generation_34/page/n23|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="RG91imsa">{{cite magazine|last=Szczepaniak|first=John|title=Obscura Machina: Panasonic M2|magazine=[[Retro Gamer]]|issue=91|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=July 2011|pages=66–67}}</ref><ref name="RG122imsa">{{cite magazine|last=Matthews|first=Will|title=Ahead of its Time – A 3DO Retrospective|magazine=[[Retro Gamer]]|issue=122|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=December 2013|pages=18–29}}</ref> The technology intended for the M2, however, was repurposed for a variety of devices.<ref name="IMSAr">{{cite magazine|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3AEdge_UK_054.pdf&page=13|title=News – M2 Resurfaces In Non-Gaming Guise|magazine=[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]]|issue=54|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=January 1998|page=13|access-date=2019-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050056/https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File%3AEdge_UK_054.pdf&page=13|archive-date=2019-02-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="IMSAs">{{cite magazine|last=Johnston|first=Chris|url=https://retrocdn.net/index.php?title=File:EGM_US_102.pdf&page=26|title=Video Game News - The hottest gaming news on the planet: Tidbits... - M2's Second Life|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|publisher=[[Ziff Davis]]|date=January 1998|page=22}}</ref><ref name="IMSAt">{{cite magazine|last=Everingham|first=Max|url=https://archive.org/details/N64_Magazine_Issue_011_1998-01_Future_Publishing_GB/page/n29|title=Made In Japan – M2 born again?|magazine=[[N64 Magazine]]|issue=11|publisher=[[Future plc|Future Publishing]]|date=January 1998|page=31}}</ref> Following the cancellation of the M2, Studio 3DO began reworking the game for [[Personal computer|PC]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Letters |magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=36|publisher=[[Imagine Media]] |date=December 1997|page=188}}</ref> However, this iteration of the game was also never released.


=== Development ===
=== Development ===
The creation of ''IMSA World Championship Racing'' was spearheaded by lead designer and Atari veteran Ed Rotberg, who previously worked on multiple [[arcade game]]s such as ''Battlezone'' and ''Star Wars''.<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/><ref name="NGenimsa1"/><ref name="Syzygyv1i2">{{cite magazine|last=Cody|first=Jason W.|url=http://www.ataricompendium.com/archives/magazines/syzygy/syzygy_winter_00-01.pdf|title=In the Zone... The Ed Rotberg Interview|magazine=Syzygy|volume=1|issue=2|publisher=Syzygy Magazine|format=PDF|date=Winter 2000-2001|pages=28–33}}</ref> Chuck Sommerville, who is also best known for his works such as ''[[Snake Byte]]'' and ''[[Chip's Challenge]]'', acted as the game's [[Video game programmer|lead programmer]].<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/> Former [[BioWare]] and [[Pandemic Studios]] [[CEO]] Greg Richardson also acted as producer of the project.<ref name="NGenimsa1"/> The game runs at 30 [[Frame rate|frames per second]], while the visuals are displayed at a 640x480 [[Display resolution|resolution]].<ref name="NGenimsa1"/>
The creation of ''IMSA World Championship Racing'' was spearheaded by lead designer and Atari veteran Ed Rotberg, who previously worked on multiple [[arcade game]]s such as ''Battlezone'' and ''Star Wars''.<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/><ref name="NGenimsa1"/><ref name="Syzygyv1i2">{{cite magazine|last=Cody|first=Jason W.|url=http://www.ataricompendium.com/archives/magazines/syzygy/syzygy_winter_00-01.pdf|title=In the Zone... The Ed Rotberg Interview|magazine=Syzygy|volume=1|issue=2|publisher=Syzygy Magazine|date=Winter 2000–2001|pages=28–33}}</ref> Chuck Sommerville, who is also best known for his works such as ''[[Snake Byte]]'' and ''[[Chip's Challenge]]'', acted as the game's [[Video game programmer|lead programmer]].<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/> Former [[BioWare]] and [[Pandemic Studios]] [[CEO]] Greg Richardson also acted as producer of the project.<ref name="NGenimsa1"/> The game runs at 30 [[Frame rate|frames per second]], while the visuals are displayed at a 640x480 [[Display resolution|resolution]].<ref name="NGenimsa1"/>


Alex Werner, who worked as one of the artists for the project, recounted more about the game's development process in a thread at the 3DO Zone forums.<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/> Alex explained that both the driving and [[Physics engine|physics]] engines featured in the game were derived from ''[[Hard Drivin']]'', while the [[Game engine|graphics]] engine used was called "Mercury" and that it was written by an external developer who sold it to [[The 3DO Company]].<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/> Alex also stated that prior to working on the project, he wrote a two-dimensional shooter as a demo for M2 developers to showcase the system's 2D capabilities and was later included as a hidden easter egg on the game.<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/><ref name="EGM87"/>
Alex Werner, who worked as one of the artists for the project, recounted more about the game's development process in a thread at the 3DO Zone forums.<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/> Alex explained that both the driving and [[Physics engine|physics]] engines featured in the game were derived from ''[[Hard Drivin']]'', while the [[Game engine|graphics]] engine used was called "Mercury" and that it was written by an external developer who sold it to [[The 3DO Company]].<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/> Alex also stated that prior to working on the project, he wrote a two-dimensional shooter as a demo for M2 developers to showcase the system's 2D capabilities and was later included as a hidden easter egg on the game.<ref name="T3DOZimsa2"/><ref name="EGM87"/>
Line 45: Line 46:


== Reception ==
== Reception ==
David Hodgson of ''GameFan'' previewed the game prior to the launch of the system being cancelled and praised various aspects such as the graphics, audio and overall presentation.<ref name="DHGFimsa1"/> ''[[Ultra Game Players]]'' noted its level of attention to detail.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=|first=|title=Topics: M2 Is Coming To Town - The Games We've We've Seen! — IMSA World Championship Racing|magazine=[[Ultra Game Players]]|issue=99|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=July 1997|page=13}}</ref> Likewise, French magazine ''Joypad'' also gave praise to its visuals.<ref name="Jpadimsa">{{cite magazine|last=|first=|title=USA News - World Championship Racing - M2|magazine=[[:fr:Joypad (magazine)|Joypad]]|issue=66|publisher=[[:fr:Yellow Media|Yellow Media]]|date=July-August 1997|pages=68-69|lang=fr}}</ref>
David Hodgson of ''GameFan'' previewed the game prior to the launch of the system being cancelled and praised various aspects such as the graphics, audio and overall presentation.<ref name="DHGFimsa1"/> ''[[Ultra Game Players]]'' noted its level of attention to detail.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Topics: M2 Is Coming To Town - The Games We've We've Seen! — IMSA World Championship Racing|magazine=[[Ultra Game Players]]|issue=99|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=July 1997|page=13}}</ref> Likewise, French magazine ''Joypad'' also gave praise to its visuals.<ref name="Jpadimsa">{{cite magazine|title=USA News - World Championship Racing - M2|magazine=[[:fr:Joypad (magazine)|Joypad]]|issue=66|publisher=[[:fr:Yellow Media|Yellow Media]]|date=July–August 1997|pages=68–69|lang=fr}}</ref>

== See also ==

* ''[[Sports Car GT]]'', another game developed at the time intended to be IMSA officially licensed


== Notes ==
== Notes ==

Latest revision as of 21:55, 4 December 2024

IMSA World Championship Racing
Splash screen
Developer(s)Studio 3DO
Publisher(s)Studio 3DO
Producer(s)Greg Richardson
Designer(s)Ed Rotberg
Programmer(s)Chuck Sommerville
Artist(s)Michael VaVerka
EngineMercury
Platform(s)Panasonic M2
ReleaseUnreleased
Genre(s)Racing
Mode(s)Single-player

IMSA World Championship Racing[a] is an unreleased sports prototype racing video game that was in development and planned to be published by Studio 3DO on a scheduled fall 1997 release date exclusively for the Panasonic M2. Had it been released before the launch of the console was cancelled, it would have become the first officially licensed title by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) and one of the first titles to be launched before the system it was designed for.

In the game, players compete against other racers across multiple tracks in order to finish in first place and advance to the next course. Directed and designed by Atari veteran Ed Rotberg of Battlezone and Star Wars fame, IMSA World Championship Racing originated as a demo that was showcased at E3 1995 and spent two years in development before the launch of the M2 was aborted by Panasonic due to unwillingness in competing against other fifth generation consoles released during the period, leaving the game unpublished as a result.

Despite IMSA World Championship Racing never being officially released to the public by Studio 3DO, an ISO image of the nearly completed game was leaked online in 2010 with permission from one of the original developers of the project by a community member of the 3DO Zone forums, making it the only M2 title intended for home consoles to be made available as of date.

Gameplay

[edit]
Gameplay screenshot from the released beta build

IMSA World Championship Racing is a sports prototype racing game similar to Gran Turismo, where the player must maneuver a car to compete against artificially intelligent opponents on various race tracks set across countries such as United States and Japan. The game features various modes to choose from such as Arcade Mode, where the player can freely choose the courses they wish to race on, alongside the option of adjusting other settings such as weather conditions, number of laps and more.

At the main menu screen before starting a race, the player can choose an array of options such as automatic or manual transmission, control settings, types of tires, and other settings for the car. During gameplay, the player can also choose between different camera view by pressing one of the buttons on the controller. In addition to the main game, there are also hidden easter eggs such as a car-themed vertically scrolling shooter minigame, among other secrets.[1]

History

[edit]

The M2 hardware, which was co-designed by Dave Needle and RJ Mical,[2] was first announced as an add-on chip intended for the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer platform using a custom PowerPC microprocessor,[3][4] however the project eventually became a standalone console and was exhibited and demonstrated during the Electronic Entertainment Expo 1995 in May.[5][6] During the conference, a pre-rendered futuristic racing tech demo created by Team 3DO was showcased to demonstrate the system's capabilities to the video game press and attendees.[7][8][9][10] Four months later, it was revealed that Studio 3DO were working on a formula one racing game for the M2, becoming one of the first projects to be officially announced for the upcoming system along with ClayFighter 63⅓, Descent and Iron & Blood: Warriors of Ravenloft, but not much information was given about the title afterwards.[8][9]

In 1996, more information about the game was divulged on magazines such as 3DO Magazine, which now listed the game under the name IMSA Racing as one of the upcoming launch titles for the system alongside other projects in development such as D2 and an action role-playing game called Power Crystal, in addition of revealing that the project was developed from the demo that was previously featured at E3 1995.[11][12][13][14] The M2 itself, however, failed to make an appearance during E3 1996, with one spokesperson representing Panasonic at the show stating that they were still undecided on how to use the M2 technology and that it was no longer certain that they would be using it as a video game platform, despite the company still retaining rights of the technology.[10][15] Later in 1996, it was reported that Studio 3DO were working on several games for the platform including IMSA Racing.[16]

In 1997, despite the M2 still not having a concrete release date and planned marketing strategy,[17][18] video game magazines featured the game in a playable state, now under the title World Championship Racing and listed for a Fall 1997 release date and despite reassurance by Panasonic that the console was still on schedule to be released.[19][20][21][22][23] The company cancelled the project in mid-1997 and stated that systems such as the PlayStation and Nintendo 64, in addition of believing that the system would not have been revolutionary against other upcoming consoles were reasons for its discontinuation and left the game unreleased as a result.[24][25][26][27][28] The technology intended for the M2, however, was repurposed for a variety of devices.[29][30][31] Following the cancellation of the M2, Studio 3DO began reworking the game for PC.[32] However, this iteration of the game was also never released.

Development

[edit]

The creation of IMSA World Championship Racing was spearheaded by lead designer and Atari veteran Ed Rotberg, who previously worked on multiple arcade games such as Battlezone and Star Wars.[1][21][33] Chuck Sommerville, who is also best known for his works such as Snake Byte and Chip's Challenge, acted as the game's lead programmer.[1] Former BioWare and Pandemic Studios CEO Greg Richardson also acted as producer of the project.[21] The game runs at 30 frames per second, while the visuals are displayed at a 640x480 resolution.[21]

Alex Werner, who worked as one of the artists for the project, recounted more about the game's development process in a thread at the 3DO Zone forums.[1] Alex explained that both the driving and physics engines featured in the game were derived from Hard Drivin', while the graphics engine used was called "Mercury" and that it was written by an external developer who sold it to The 3DO Company.[1] Alex also stated that prior to working on the project, he wrote a two-dimensional shooter as a demo for M2 developers to showcase the system's 2D capabilities and was later included as a hidden easter egg on the game.[1][16]

Release

[edit]

On July 26, 2010, a nearly complete build of IMSA World Championship Racing was leaked online by community member NikeX at the 3DO Zone forums with permission from artist Alex Werner, one of the original developers of the project after the previous prototype owner that was originally tasked by Alex to release it, WindowsKiller, refused to do so.[27][28][34][35] In order to be played, interactive kiosks and multimedia players containing M2 technology such as the FZ-21S and FZ-35S are required.[29][30] The Konami M2 arcade system board, which was used in titles such as Battle Tryst and Evil Night, is incompatible as the software can only be played on hardware intended for home users.

Reception

[edit]

David Hodgson of GameFan previewed the game prior to the launch of the system being cancelled and praised various aspects such as the graphics, audio and overall presentation.[20] Ultra Game Players noted its level of attention to detail.[36] Likewise, French magazine Joypad also gave praise to its visuals.[37]

See also

[edit]
  • Sports Car GT, another game developed at the time intended to be IMSA officially licensed

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Also known as World Championship Racing and IMSA Racing.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f Werner, Alex (Jul 28, 2010). "Ask the M2 Developer". 3do.cdinteractive.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2015-09-20. Retrieved 2019-02-05.
  2. ^ "Don't Count Out 3DO's New M2". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 72. Sendai Publishing. July 1995. p. 26.
  3. ^ "ProNews – 3DO Powers Up". GamePro. No. 74. IDG. November 1994. p. 272.
  4. ^ "Exploring M2: A Closer Look at 3DO's Newest Technology". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 71. Sendai Publishing. June 1995. pp. 60–61.
  5. ^ "News – M2 another step closer to reality". Edge. No. 22. Future Publishing. July 1995. p. 10. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  6. ^ "Breaking – E3 – 3DO". Next Generation. No. 7. Imagine Media. July 1995. p. 19. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  7. ^ gdraxa (February 16, 2007). 3DO M2 "Racing Game" demo from E3 1995. YouTube. Archived from the original on February 25, 2018.
  8. ^ a b "Cutting Edge – 3DO buoyant as M2 picks up speed". Edge. No. 23. Future Publishing. September 1995. pp. 6–7. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  9. ^ a b "NG Hardware – 3DO M2 – Key Software". Next Generation. No. 12. Imagine Media. December 1995. p. 81. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  10. ^ a b "News – M2: Matsushita breaks its silence". Next Generation. No. 22. Imagine Media. October 1996. pp. 16–19. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  11. ^ "Preview – Coming Soon – M2". 3DO Magazine. No. 10. Paragon Publishing. May 1996. p. 34. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  12. ^ "News – E3 '96: 3DO? – M2 Dream List". 3DO Magazine. No. 12. Paragon Publishing. July 1996. p. 4. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  13. ^ "Preview – Coming Soon – M2". 3DO Magazine. No. 12. Paragon Publishing. July 1996. p. 34. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  14. ^ "Breaking – M2: Matsushita's 64-bit console gets games". Next Generation. No. 28. Imagine Media. April 1997. pp. 20–21. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  15. ^ "ProNews – Show Notes". GamePro. No. 95. IDG. August 1996. p. 16.
  16. ^ a b "Press Start – The Big Story – More Power To M2". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 87. EGM Media, LLC. October 1996. pp. 20–22. Archived from the original on 2019-02-27. Retrieved 2019-02-26.
  17. ^ "News – World Exclusive: M2 Specs Revealed". Next Generation. No. 26. Imagine Media. February 1997. pp. 16–17.
  18. ^ "Special – Matsushita M2: Hit or Myth?". Next Generation. No. 30. Imagine Media. June 1997. pp. 62–63. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  19. ^ "Last-Minute Update – M2". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 95. EGM Media, LLC. June 1997. p. 94. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  20. ^ a b Hodgson, David (July 1997). "In Development – World Championship Racing – The First M2 Game Revealed!". GameFan. Vol. 5, no. 7. Shinno Media. p. 26. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  21. ^ a b c d "Alphas – World Championship Racing". Next Generation. No. 31. Imagine Media. July 1997. pp. 64–65. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  22. ^ "ProNews – 3DO: M2 Lives". GamePro. No. 107. IDG. August 1997. p. 21. Archived from the original on 2016-04-09. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  23. ^ Campbell, Colin (August 1997). "Movers and Shakers – M2 Is "Alive" Says Matsushita". Next Generation. No. 32. Imagine Media. p. 30. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  24. ^ "ProNews: Matsushita Kills the M2". GamePro. No. 101. IDG. September 1997. p. 20.
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