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{{Short description|Duke of Lorraine}}
'''Gilbert''' or '''Giselbert''' (c.[[890]] – [[2 October]] [[939]]) was the [[duke of Lotharingia]] until [[939]]. [[Lotharingia]] (or [[Duchy of Lorraine|Lorraine]]) was an area which comprised present north east [[France]], the [[Germany|German]] [[Rhineland]], [[Luxembourg]], east [[Belgium]], and the [[Netherlands]]. It was not yet divided into [[Upper Lorraine|Upper]] and [[Lower Lorraine]].
{{more footnotes|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox noble
| name = Gilbert
| title = [[Duke of Lorraine]]
| spouse = [[Gerberga of Saxony]]
| issue = Henry<br>[[Renaud of Roucy|Alberade]]<br>Hedwige<br>[[Gerberge of Lorraine|Gerberge]]
| noble family = [[House of Reginar]]
| father = [[Reginar, Duke of Lorraine]]
| mother = Alberada
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date = 2 October 939 (aged 49)
| death_place =
}}
'''Gilbert''' (or '''Giselbert''') (died 2 October 939) was son of [[Reginar I Longneck|Reginar]] and the brother-in-law of Emperor [[Otto I]]. He was [[duke of Lotharingia]] (or [[Duchy of Lorraine|Lorraine]]) until 939. Gilbert was also lay abbot of Echternach, Stablo-Malmedy, St Servatius of Maastricht, and St Maximin of Trier.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Der Herzog in Lotharingien im 10. Jahrhundert|last=Barth|first=Rüdiger|year=1990|location=Sigmaringen|pages=39–82}}</ref>


The beginning of the reign of Gilbert is not clear. Lotharingia belonged to [[West Francia]] (or [[France]]) from [[910]], when a ''dux Lotharingiae'' is first mentioned. This may have been Gilbert. The French king [[Charles the Simple|Charles III]] was deposed in [[922]] by [[Robert I of France|Robert]]. Charles remained king in Lotharingia and tried to reconquer West Francia from there. He was imprisoned in [[923]].
The beginning of the reign of Gilbert is not clear. A ''dux Lotharingiae'' is mentioned in 910 and this may have been Gilbert. Lotharingia sided with [[Charles the Simple|Charles III]] in 911, who was deposed in [[West Francia]] in 922 by [[Robert I of France|Robert]] but remained king in Lotharingia, from where he tried to reconquer West Francia until being imprisoned in 923. In 923, Gilbert and Archbishop Ruotger of Trier invited the Ottonian king [[Henry the Fowler|Henry]] I to invade Lotharingia. In 924, Gilbert changed his allegiance over to the West Frankish king [[Rudolph of France|Rudolf]]. After Henry managed to occupy Lotharingia in 925, Gilbert swore fealty to him and Henry transferred the abbey of St Servatius of Maastricht (which had been taken from him and given to the church of Trier in 919) to Gilbert. To secure their relationship, Gilbert was also married to Henry's daughter, [[Gerberga of Saxony]].


In [[925]], Gilbert swore fealty to King [[Henry the Fowler]] of Germany as duke of Lotharingia. For whatever reason, Gilbert rebelled when Henry died in [[936]] and changed allegiance to the king of France, where the king had less authority. Gilbert managed to be practically independent for three years until he was defeated and killed by the army of king [[Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto I]] of Germany in [[939]] at the [[Battle of Andernach]]. Lorraine was given to [[Henry I, Duke of Bavaria]].
Following Henry's death in 936, Gilbert rebelled against the former's son, [[Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto]] I in 939, changing his allegiance to the West Frankish king, [[Louis IV of France|Louis IV]]. Gilbert managed to be practically independent for three years until he was defeated by the army of Otto I in 939 at the [[Battle of Andernach]]. Gilbert was made prisoner, but managed to escape; while fleeing, he drowned trying to cross the [[Rhine]]. Lorraine was given to [[Henry I, Duke of Bavaria]].


==References==
⚫
{{start box}}
{{Reflist}}
{{succession box|title=[[Duke of Lotharingia]]|before=none||after=[[Henry I, Duke of Bavaria|Henry]]|years=[[925]]-[[939]]}}

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{{end box}}
==External links==
* {{Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie|9|196|198|Giselbert von Lothringen|Ernst Ludwig Dümmler|ADB:Giselbert (Herzog von Lothringen)}}
* {{NDB|6|414|415|Giselbert|Eduard Hlawitschka|138742618}}

⚫
{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Reginar, Duke of Lotharingia|Reginar]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Duke of Lotharingia]]|years=915–939}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Henry I, Duke of Bavaria|Henry]]}}
⚫
{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Dukes of Lorraine]]
[[Category:Dukes of Lorraine]]
[[Category:939 deaths]]
[[Category:939 deaths]]
[[Category:House of Reginar]]
[[Category:10th-century Lotharingian people]]
[[Category:10th-century dukes in Europe]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Carolingian dynasty]]

Latest revision as of 05:27, 5 December 2024

Gilbert
Duke of Lorraine
Died2 October 939 (aged 49)
Noble familyHouse of Reginar
Spouse(s)Gerberga of Saxony
IssueHenry
Alberade
Hedwige
Gerberge
FatherReginar, Duke of Lorraine
MotherAlberada

Gilbert (or Giselbert) (died 2 October 939) was son of Reginar and the brother-in-law of Emperor Otto I. He was duke of Lotharingia (or Lorraine) until 939. Gilbert was also lay abbot of Echternach, Stablo-Malmedy, St Servatius of Maastricht, and St Maximin of Trier.[1]

The beginning of the reign of Gilbert is not clear. A dux Lotharingiae is mentioned in 910 and this may have been Gilbert. Lotharingia sided with Charles III in 911, who was deposed in West Francia in 922 by Robert but remained king in Lotharingia, from where he tried to reconquer West Francia until being imprisoned in 923. In 923, Gilbert and Archbishop Ruotger of Trier invited the Ottonian king Henry I to invade Lotharingia. In 924, Gilbert changed his allegiance over to the West Frankish king Rudolf. After Henry managed to occupy Lotharingia in 925, Gilbert swore fealty to him and Henry transferred the abbey of St Servatius of Maastricht (which had been taken from him and given to the church of Trier in 919) to Gilbert. To secure their relationship, Gilbert was also married to Henry's daughter, Gerberga of Saxony.

Following Henry's death in 936, Gilbert rebelled against the former's son, Otto I in 939, changing his allegiance to the West Frankish king, Louis IV. Gilbert managed to be practically independent for three years until he was defeated by the army of Otto I in 939 at the Battle of Andernach. Gilbert was made prisoner, but managed to escape; while fleeing, he drowned trying to cross the Rhine. Lorraine was given to Henry I, Duke of Bavaria.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Barth, Rüdiger (1990). Der Herzog in Lotharingien im 10. Jahrhundert. Sigmaringen. pp. 39–82.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
[edit]
Preceded by Duke of Lotharingia
915–939 		Succeeded by
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