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Coordinates: 54°15′18″N 58°06′07″E / 54.255°N 58.102°E / 54.255; 58.102
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{{Short description|Mountain in Bashkortostan, Russia}}
{{Refimprove|date=March 2009}}
{{Refimprove|date=March 2009}}
{{Infobox mountain
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Yamantau
| name = Yamantaw
| photo = Yamantau.JPG
| photo = Yamantau.JPG
| photo_caption =
| photo_caption =
| elevation_m = 1640
| elevation_m = 1640
| elevation_ref = <ref name=otm>{{cite opentopomap|Mount Yamantau|54.255|58.10365|2023-04-02}}</ref>
| elevation_ref =
| prominence =
| prominence_m =
| listing =
| prominence_ref =
⚫
| location = [[Beloretsky District]], [[Bashkortostan]], [[Russia]]
| range = [[Ural Mountains]]
| range = [[Ural Mountains]]
| listing = [[List of mountains and hills of Russia|Mountains of Russia]]
⚫
| coordinates = {{Coord|54.255|58.102|region:RU_type:mountain}}
| country = [[Russia]]
| region_type = [[Republics of Russia|Republic]]
| region = [[Bashkortostan]]
⚫
| district = [[Beloretsky District|Beloretsky]]
| part_type = Protected&nbsp;area
| part = [[South Ural Nature Reserve]]
| map = Russia Bashkortostan#European Russia
⚫
| coordinates = {{Coord|54.255|58.10365|format=dms|region:RU_type:mountain}}
| coordinates_ref = <ref name=otm/>
| topo =
| topo =
| first_ascent =
| first_ascent =
Line 16: Line 25:
}}
}}
{{Infobox Military Structure
{{Infobox Military Structure
|name=Yamantau
| name = Yamantau
|partof=[[Armed Forces of the Russian Federation]]
| partof = [[Armed Forces of the Russian Federation]]
|location=[[Mezhgorye, Republic of Bashkortostan]], [[Russia]]
| location = [[Mezhgorye, Republic of Bashkortostan]], [[Russia]]
|coordinates={{Coord|54.255|58.102|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{Coord|54.255|58.102|display=inline,title}}
|image=
| image =
|caption=
| caption =
|type=Underground military facility
| type = Underground military facility
|code=
| code =
|built=Under construction (2003)
| built = Under construction (2003)
|builder=
| builder =
|materials=
| materials =
|height=
| height =
|used=Unknown
| used = Unknown
|demolished=
| demolished =
|condition=Unknown
| condition = Unknown
|ownership=
| ownership =
|controlledby=[[Armed forces of the Russian Federation]]
| controlledby = [[Armed forces of the Russian Federation]]
|garrison=[[Mezhgorye]]
| garrison = [[Mezhgorye]]
|commanders=
| commanders =
|occupants=Unknown
| occupants = Unknown
|battles=
| battles =
|events=
| events =
}}
}}


'''Yamantau''' ({{lang-ba|Ямантау}}, {{lang-ru|гора Ямантау}}) is a mountain in the [[Ural Mountains]], located in [[Beloretsky District]], [[Bashkortostan]], [[Russia]]. Standing at 1,640 metres (5,381&nbsp;ft) it is the highest mountain in the [[Southern Ural]] section, and is featured within the [[South Ural Nature Reserve]]. The name “Yamantau” already contains the word “mountain” - tau. Incorrect to use term “Mount Yamantau”.
'''Mount Yamantau''', or '''Yamantaw''' ({{langx|ba|Ямантау|translit=Yamantaw}}, {{langx|ru|гора Ямантау}}) is a mountain in the [[Ural Mountains]], located in [[Beloretsky District]], [[Bashkortostan]], [[Russia]]. Standing at {{convert|1,640|m|ft|-1}}, it is the highest mountain in the [[Southern Ural]] section, and lies is within the [[South Ural Nature Reserve]].


Yamantau is notable as the subject of claims by the [[United States]] that a secret extensive [[bunker]] complex of the [[Russian government]] or [[Russian Armed Forces]] is contained within the mountain, similar to the [[Cheyenne Mountain Complex]].
An extensive secret [[bunker]] complex has allegedly been built under Mt. Yamantaw, per [[United States]] claims, by the [[Russian government]] or [[Russian Armed Forces]], similar to the [[Cheyenne Mountain Complex]] in the U.S. state of [[Colorado]].


==Name==
==Name==
The name of the mountain is derived from "Yaman Tau" (Яман тау), which translates to "evil mountain", "bad mountain", or "wicked mountain" in the local [[Bashkir language]] and the other Turkic languages of the [[Idel-Ural|Idel-Ural region]] such as [[Tatar language|Tatar]] and [[Mishar Tatar dialect|Mishar Tatar]].
The name of the mountain is derived from "Yaman taw" (Яман тау), which translates to "evil mountain", "bad mountain", or "wicked mountain" in the local [[Bashkir language]]. The meaning behind the name is believed to originate from the many inconveniences of the mountain: big bear population, surrounding swamps and rocky slopes, resulting in its area being a troublesome herding place. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ураловед - гора Ямантау |date=27 June 2019 |url=https://uraloved.ru/gora-yamantau |language=ru}}</ref>


==Bunker complex claims==
== Geography ==
Yamantaw has two peaks - Big Yamantaw {{convert|1640|m|ft|-1}} and Small Yamantaw {{convert|1,512|m|ft|-1}}. Both peaks are plateaus, with a big area and flat relief.
⚫
Yamantau, along with [[Kosvinsky Mountain]] (600&nbsp;km to the north), are claimed by the [[United States]] of being home to a large secret [[nuclear facility]] or [[bunker]], or both.<ref name= "Blair">{{cite news |first= Bruce G |last= Blair |title= We Keep Building Nukes For All the Wrong Reasons |url= http://www.globalzero.org/files/bb_we_keep_building_nukes_for_all_the_wrong_reasons_05.25.2003.pdf |work= The Washington Post |date= May 25, 2003 |access-date= 28 February 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030652/http://www.globalzero.org/files/bb_we_keep_building_nukes_for_all_the_wrong_reasons_05.25.2003.pdf |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Large [[Digging|excavation]] projects have been observed by U.S. [[satellite]] imagery after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]], as recently as the late 1990s during the government of [[Boris Yeltsin]].<ref name="Blair"/> During the Soviet era two military [[garrison]]s, Beloretsk-15 and Beloretsk-16, and possibly a third, Alkino-2, were built on the site. These garrisons were unified into the [[closed town]] of [[Mezhgorye, Republic of Bashkortostan|Mezhgorye]] ({{lang-ru|[[:ru:Межгорье (Башкортостан)|Межгорье]]}}) in 1995, and the garrisons are said to house 30,000 workers each, served by large rail lines.<ref name="Gordon"/>


Up to 1,000 - 1,100 m elevation, the mountain slope is covered with mixed forest, in some places with driftwood, occasional alpine meadows and rocky outcrops. Above 1,100m elevation, there are no trees or bushes, and instead rock streams of various sizes, with grass, flowers and moss start to appear.<ref name=":0" />
⚫
Repeated U.S. questions have yielded several different responses from the Russian government regarding Yamantau, including it is a [[mining]] site, a repository for Russian treasures, a food storage area, and a bunker for leaders in case of [[nuclear war]].<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/yamantau.htm | title = Weapons of Mass Destruction | contribution = Yamantau, Beloretsk-15, Beloretsk-16, Alkino-2 | publisher = Global Security}}.</ref><ref name="Gordon">{{cite news |first=Michael R. |last=Gordon |title= Despite Cold War's End, Russia Keeps Building a Secret Complex |url= https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C06E4DF1E39F935A25757C0A960958260 |work=The New York Times |date=April 16, 1996 | access-date =28 February 2009 }}</ref> Responding to questions regarding Yamantau in 1996, Russia's [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Defense Ministry]] stated: "The practice does not exist in the Defense Ministry of Russia of informing foreign mass media about facilities, whatever they are, that are under construction in the interests of strengthening the security of Russia."<ref name="Gordon"/> In 1997, a [[United States Congress|United States Congressional]] finding, related to the country's [[National Defense Authorization Act]] for 1998, stated that the Russian Federation kept up a "deception and denial policy" about the mountain complex after U.S. officials had given [[Cheyenne Mountain Complex]] tours to Russian diplomats, which the finding stated "... does not appear to be consistent with the lowering of strategic threats, openness, and cooperation that is the basis of the post-[[Cold War]] strategic partnership between the United States and Russia."<ref>[https://fas.org/spp/starwars/congress/1997/h970619_a.htm PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H.R. 1119, NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998 (House of Representatives - June 19, 1997]</ref>

==Bunker complex claims==
⚫
Yamantaw, along with [[Kosvinsky Mountain]] (600&nbsp;km to the north), are claimed by the [[United States]] of being home to a large secret [[nuclear facility]] or [[bunker]], or both.<ref name= "Blair">{{cite news |first= Bruce G |last= Blair |title= We Keep Building Nukes For All the Wrong Reasons |url= http://www.globalzero.org/files/bb_we_keep_building_nukes_for_all_the_wrong_reasons_05.25.2003.pdf |newspaper= The Washington Post |date= May 25, 2003 |access-date= 28 February 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030652/http://www.globalzero.org/files/bb_we_keep_building_nukes_for_all_the_wrong_reasons_05.25.2003.pdf |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Large [[Digging|excavation]] projects have been observed by U.S. [[satellite]] imagery after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]], as recently as the late 1990s during the government of [[Boris Yeltsin]].<ref name="Blair"/> During the Soviet era two military [[garrison]]s, Beloretsk-15 and Beloretsk-16, and possibly a third, Alkino-2, were built on the site. These garrisons were unified into the [[closed town]] of [[Mezhgorye, Republic of Bashkortostan|Mezhgorye]] ({{langx|ru|[[:ru:Межгорье (Башкортостан)|Межгорье]]}}) in 1995, and the garrisons are said to house 30,000 workers each, served by large rail lines.<ref name="Gordon"/>


⚫
Repeated U.S. questions have yielded several different responses from the Russian government regarding Yamantaw, including it being a [[mining]] site, a repository for Russian treasures, a food storage area, and a bunker for leaders in case of [[nuclear war]].<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/yamantau.htm | title = Weapons of Mass Destruction | contribution = Yamantau, Beloretsk-15, Beloretsk-16, Alkino-2 | publisher = Global Security}}.</ref><ref name="Gordon">{{cite news |first=Michael R. |last=Gordon |title= Despite Cold War's End, Russia Keeps Building a Secret Complex |url= https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C06E4DF1E39F935A25757C0A960958260 |work=The New York Times |date=April 16, 1996 | access-date =28 February 2009 }}</ref> Responding to questions regarding Yamantaw in 1996, Russia's [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Defense Ministry]] stated: "The practice does not exist in the Defense Ministry of Russia of informing foreign mass media about facilities, whatever they are, that are under construction in the interests of strengthening the security of Russia."<ref name="Gordon"/> In 1997, a [[United States Congress|United States Congressional]] finding, related to the country's [[National Defense Authorization Act]] for 1998, stated that the Russian Federation kept up a "deception and denial policy" about the mountain complex after U.S. officials had given [[Cheyenne Mountain Complex]] tours to Russian diplomats, which the finding stated "... does not appear to be consistent with the lowering of strategic threats, openness, and cooperation that is the basis of the post-[[Cold War]] strategic partnership between the United States and Russia."<ref>[https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/house-bill/1119/text/eh PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H.R. 1119, NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998 (House of Representatives - June 19, 1997 (SEC. 1209 a.5)]</ref>
⚫
==Popular culture==
Yamantau is the subject of a level in the 2010 video game ''[[Call of Duty: Black Ops]]'' where Hudson and Weaver eliminated the complex, returns in ''[[Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War]]'' (2020) as where the missing nuke is, and is an important plot point in the 2019 video game ''[[Metro Exodus]]''.


⚫
== In popular culture ==
The mountain is also featured on the introductory animation for ''[[Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War]]'', ''[[Call of Duty: Warzone]]'' Season 3 Battle Pass, where the plot of the video is set on an enemy base in the slopes of the mountain, in 1984, during the now dissolved [[Soviet Union]].
*Yamantau is featured in the 2010 video game ''[[Call of Duty: Black Ops]]'' where it houses a base for a fictional chemical weapon – the Nova 6.
*Yamantau is featured in the 2014 video game ''[[War Robots]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yamantau - War Robots |url=https://warrobots.com/en/maps/4 |access-date=2023-07-08 |website=warrobots.com}}</ref> The map was remastered in version 9.2 <ref>{{Cite web |title=WAR ROBOTS 9.2 UPDATE NOTES - War Robots |url=https://warrobots.com/en/posts/368 |access-date=2023-07-08 |website=warrobots.com}}</ref>
*Yamantau is featured in the 2019 video game ''[[Metro Exodus]]'' where it houses The Ark, a large bunker taken over by cannibals posing as remnants of the Russian government.
*Yamantau is featured in the 2020 video game ''[[Call of Duty Black Ops Cold War]]'' as one of the multiplayer maps.
*Yamantau is featured in the 2024 book ''[Vegetation[https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD)]]'' The heroes must make their way to a secret underground city in Yamantau Mountain, escaping the dangers posed by "plague machines" and logging crews


==See also==
==See also==
Line 62: Line 78:
* [[Cheyenne Mountain Complex]]
* [[Cheyenne Mountain Complex]]
* [[Kosvinsky Kamen]]
* [[Kosvinsky Kamen]]
* [[Underground City]]


==References==
==References==
Line 69: Line 86:
* [https://slate.com/human-interest/2007/08/did-the-soviets-really-build-a-doomsday-machine.html The Return of the Doomsday Machine?]
* [https://slate.com/human-interest/2007/08/did-the-soviets-really-build-a-doomsday-machine.html The Return of the Doomsday Machine?]


{{DEFAULTSORT:Yamantaw}}
[[Category:Mountains of Bashkortostan|Yamantaw]]
[[Category:Mountains of Bashkortostan]]
[[Category:Ural Mountains]]
[[Category:Ural Mountains]]
[[Category:Military installations of Russia]]
[[Category:Military installations of Russia]]
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[[Category:Secret places]]
[[Category:Secret places]]
[[Category:Strategic Rocket Forces]]
[[Category:Strategic Rocket Forces]]
[[Category:Highest points of Russian federal subjects|Yamantau]]
[[Category:Highest points of Russian federal subjects]]

Latest revision as of 06:40, 6 December 2024

Yamantaw
Highest point
Elevation1,640 m (5,380 ft)[1]
ListingMountains of Russia
Coordinates54°15′18″N 58°06′13″E / 54.255°N 58.10365°E / 54.255; 58.10365[1]
Geography
Yamantaw is located in Bashkortostan
Yamantaw
Yamantaw
Yamantaw is located in European Russia
Yamantaw
Yamantaw
CountryRussia
RepublicBashkortostan
DistrictBeloretsky
Protected areaSouth Ural Nature Reserve
Parent rangeUral Mountains
Yamantau
Part of Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
Mezhgorye, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia
Coordinates54°15′18″N 58°06′07″E / 54.255°N 58.102°E / 54.255; 58.102
TypeUnderground military facility
Site information
Controlled byArmed forces of the Russian Federation
ConditionUnknown
Site history
BuiltUnder construction (2003)
In useUnknown
Garrison information
GarrisonMezhgorye
OccupantsUnknown

Mount Yamantau, or Yamantaw (Bashkir: Ямантау, romanized: Yamantaw, Russian: гора Ямантау) is a mountain in the Ural Mountains, located in Beloretsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. Standing at 1,640 metres (5,380 ft), it is the highest mountain in the Southern Ural section, and lies is within the South Ural Nature Reserve.

An extensive secret bunker complex has allegedly been built under Mt. Yamantaw, per United States claims, by the Russian government or Russian Armed Forces, similar to the Cheyenne Mountain Complex in the U.S. state of Colorado.

Name

[edit]

The name of the mountain is derived from "Yaman taw" (Яман тау), which translates to "evil mountain", "bad mountain", or "wicked mountain" in the local Bashkir language. The meaning behind the name is believed to originate from the many inconveniences of the mountain: big bear population, surrounding swamps and rocky slopes, resulting in its area being a troublesome herding place. [2]

Geography

[edit]

Yamantaw has two peaks - Big Yamantaw 1,640 metres (5,380 ft) and Small Yamantaw 1,512 metres (4,960 ft). Both peaks are plateaus, with a big area and flat relief.

Up to 1,000 - 1,100 m elevation, the mountain slope is covered with mixed forest, in some places with driftwood, occasional alpine meadows and rocky outcrops. Above 1,100m elevation, there are no trees or bushes, and instead rock streams of various sizes, with grass, flowers and moss start to appear.[2]

Bunker complex claims

[edit]

Yamantaw, along with Kosvinsky Mountain (600 km to the north), are claimed by the United States of being home to a large secret nuclear facility or bunker, or both.[3] Large excavation projects have been observed by U.S. satellite imagery after the fall of the Soviet Union, as recently as the late 1990s during the government of Boris Yeltsin.[3] During the Soviet era two military garrisons, Beloretsk-15 and Beloretsk-16, and possibly a third, Alkino-2, were built on the site. These garrisons were unified into the closed town of Mezhgorye (Russian: Межгорье) in 1995, and the garrisons are said to house 30,000 workers each, served by large rail lines.[4]

Repeated U.S. questions have yielded several different responses from the Russian government regarding Yamantaw, including it being a mining site, a repository for Russian treasures, a food storage area, and a bunker for leaders in case of nuclear war.[5][4] Responding to questions regarding Yamantaw in 1996, Russia's Defense Ministry stated: "The practice does not exist in the Defense Ministry of Russia of informing foreign mass media about facilities, whatever they are, that are under construction in the interests of strengthening the security of Russia."[4] In 1997, a United States Congressional finding, related to the country's National Defense Authorization Act for 1998, stated that the Russian Federation kept up a "deception and denial policy" about the mountain complex after U.S. officials had given Cheyenne Mountain Complex tours to Russian diplomats, which the finding stated "... does not appear to be consistent with the lowering of strategic threats, openness, and cooperation that is the basis of the post-Cold War strategic partnership between the United States and Russia."[6]

[edit]
  • Yamantau is featured in the 2010 video game Call of Duty: Black Ops where it houses a base for a fictional chemical weapon – the Nova 6.
  • Yamantau is featured in the 2014 video game War Robots[7] The map was remastered in version 9.2 [8]
  • Yamantau is featured in the 2019 video game Metro Exodus where it houses The Ark, a large bunker taken over by cannibals posing as remnants of the Russian government.
  • Yamantau is featured in the 2020 video game Call of Duty Black Ops Cold War as one of the multiplayer maps.
  • Yamantau is featured in the 2024 book [Vegetation[1]] The heroes must make their way to a secret underground city in Yamantau Mountain, escaping the dangers posed by "plague machines" and logging crews

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Topographic map of Mount Yamantau". opentopomap.org. Retrieved 2023-04-02.
  2. ^ a b "Ураловед - гора Ямантау" (in Russian). 27 June 2019.
  3. ^ a b Blair, Bruce G (May 25, 2003). "We Keep Building Nukes For All the Wrong Reasons" (PDF). The Washington Post. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2009.
  4. ^ a b c Gordon, Michael R. (April 16, 1996). "Despite Cold War's End, Russia Keeps Building a Secret Complex". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 February 2009.
  5. ^ "Yamantau, Beloretsk-15, Beloretsk-16, Alkino-2", Weapons of Mass Destruction, Global Security.
  6. ^ PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF H.R. 1119, NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998 (House of Representatives - June 19, 1997 (SEC. 1209 a.5)
  7. ^ "Yamantau - War Robots". warrobots.com. Retrieved 2023-07-08.
  8. ^ "WAR ROBOTS 9.2 UPDATE NOTES - War Robots". warrobots.com. Retrieved 2023-07-08.
[edit]
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