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{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox election
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1871 German federal election
| country = German Empire
| country = German Empire
| flag_year =
| flag_image =
| type = parliamentary
| type = parliamentary
| vote_type = Popular <!-- default -->
| ongoing = no
| party_colour =
| party_name =
| previous_election = 1868 Zollparlament election
| previous_election = 1868 Zollparlament election
| previous_year = 1868
| previous_year = 1868
| election_date = {{Start date|df=yes|1871|03|03}}
| previous_mps =
| election_date = {{Start date|1871|03|03|df=y}}
| elected_mps =
| next_election = 1874 German federal election
| next_election = 1874 German federal election
| next_year = 1874
| next_year = 1874
| next_mps =
| seats_for_election = All 382 seats in the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|Reichstag]]
| seats_for_election = All 382 seats in the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|Reichstag]]
| majority_seats = 192
| majority_seats = 192
| registered = 7,656,283
| opinion_polls =
| turnout = 52.0%
| turnout = 3,905,531 (51.01%)
| image_size = 130x130px
<!-- NLP -->

| image1 = [[File:Rudolf_von_Bennigsen.jpg|150x150px]]
| image1 = Rudolf_von_Bennigsen.jpg
| colour1 =
| leader1 = [[Rudolf von Bennigsen]]
| leader1 = [[Rudolf von Bennigsen]]
| party1 = National Liberal Party (Germany)
| party1 = National Liberal Party (Germany)
| alliance1 =
| leader_since1 = 1867
| leader_since1 = 1867
| last_election1 = 23.28%, 104 seats
| leaders_seat1 =
| seats1 = '''117'''
| last_election1 = 97 seats
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 13
| seats_before1 =
| popular_vote1 = '''{{formatnum:1125942}}'''
| seats_needed1 =
| percentage1 = '''28.97%'''
| seats1 = 125
| swing1 = {{increase}} 5.69 [[Percentage point|pp]]
| seats_after1 =

| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 28
| image2 = Hermann von Mallinckrodt.jpg
| popular_vote1 = 1,171,000
| percentage1 = 30.1%
| swing1 = {{increase}} 6.8%
<!-- Zentrum -->
| image2 = [[File:No image.svg|x110px]]
| colour2 =
| leader2 = [[Hermann von Mallinckrodt]]
| leader2 = [[Hermann von Mallinckrodt]]
| party2 = Centre Party (Germany)
| party2 = Centre Party (Germany)
| alliance2 =
| leader_since2 = 1870
| leader_since2 = 1870
| last_election2 = ''Did not exist''
| leaders_seat2 =
| seats2 = 58
| last_election2 = 33 seats
| seat_change2 = ''New party''
| seats_before2 =
| popular_vote2 = {{formatnum:707896}}
| seats_needed2 =
| seats2 = 63
| percentage2 = 18.21%
| swing2 = ''New party''
| seats_after2 =

| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 30
| image3 = {{eppt|Conservative Party (Prussia)|height=130|width=95}}
| popular_vote2 = 724,000
| percentage2 = 18.6%
| swing2 = {{increase}} 9.0%
<!-- KP -->
| image3 = [[File:No image.svg|x110px]]
| colour3 = 0000CD
| leader3 =
| leader3 =
| party3 = [[Conservative Party (Prussia)|Conservatives]]
| party3 = Conservative Party (Prussia)
| alliance3 =
| leader_since3 =
| leader_since3 =
| last_election3 = 14.82%, 65 seats
| leaders_seat3 =
| seats3 = 56
| last_election3 = 66 seats
| seats_before3 =
| seats_needed3 =
| seats3 = 57
| seats_after3 =
| seat_change3 = {{decrease}} 9
| seat_change3 = {{decrease}} 9
| popular_vote3 = 549,000
| popular_vote3 = {{formatnum:524881}}
| percentage3 = 14.1%
| percentage3 = 13.51%
| swing3 = {{decrease}} 0.7%
| swing3 = {{decrease}} 1.31 [[Percentage point|pp]]

<!-- DRP -->
| image4 = {{eppt|German Progress Party|height=130|width=95}}
| image5 = [[File:No image.svg|x110px]]
| colour5 =
| leader4 =
| party4 = German Progress Party
| leader5 =
| leader_since4 =
| last_election4 = 8.75%, 31 seats
| seats4 = 45
| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 14
| popular_vote4 = {{formatnum:351209}}
| percentage4 = 9.04%
| swing4 = {{increase}} 0.29 [[Percentage point|pp]]

| image5 = Victor Herzog von Ratibor (cropped).jpg
| leader5 = [[Viktor I, Duke of Ratibor]]
| party5 = Free Conservative Party
| party5 = Free Conservative Party
| alliance5 =
| leader_since5 =
| leader_since5 =
| last_election5 = 6.67%, 37 seats
| leaders_seat5 =
| last_election5 = 37 seats
| seats_before5 =
| seats_needed5 =
| seats5 = 37
| seats5 = 37
| seat_change5 = {{steady}} 0
| seats_after5 =
| seat_change5 = {{nochange}}
| popular_vote5 = {{formatnum:343098}}
| percentage5 = 8.83%
| popular_vote5 = 346,000
| swing5 = {{increase}} 2.16 [[Percentage point|pp]]
| percentage5 = 8.9%

| swing5 = {{increase}} 2.2%
| image6 = Hohenlohe-schillingsf%C3%BCrst1867.jpg
<!-- DFP -->
| image4 = [[File:No image.svg|x110px]]
| colour4 =
| leader4 =
| party4 = German Progress Party
| leader_since4 =
| leaders_seat4 =
| last_election4 = 31 seats
| seats_before4 =
| seats_needed4 =
| seats4 = 46
| seats_after4 =
| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 15
| popular_vote4 = 342,000
| percentage4 = 8.8%
| swing4 = {{increase}} 0.1%
<!-- LRP -->
| image6 = [[File:Hohenlohe-schillingsf%C3%BCrst1867.jpg|150x150px]]
| colour6 =
| leader6 = [[Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst|Chlodwig Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst]]
| leader6 = [[Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst|Chlodwig Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst]]
| party6 = Imperial Liberal Party
| party6 = Imperial Liberal Party
| alliance6 =
| leader_since6 = 1871
| leader_since6 = 1871
| last_election6 = ''Did not exist''
| leaders_seat6 =
| seats6 = 33
| last_election6 = 17 seats
| seat_change6 = ''New party''
| seats_before6 =
| popular_vote6 = {{formatnum:274068}}
| seats_needed6 =
| seats6 = 30
| percentage6 = 7.05%
| swing6 = ''New party''
| seats_after6 =

| seat_change6 = {{increase}} 13
| popular_vote6 = 281,000
| percentage6 = 7.2%
| swing6 = {{increase}} 3.6%
<!-- map -->
| map_image = File:Karte der Reichstagswahlen 1871.svg
| map_image = File:Karte der Reichstagswahlen 1871.svg
| map_size = 450px
| map_size = 390px
| map_caption = Map of results (by constituencies)
| map_caption = Map of results (by constituencies)

| title = President of the Zollparlament
| posttitle = President of the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|Reichstag]]
| title = President of the Zollparlament
| before_election = [[Eduard von Simson]]
| before_election = [[Eduard von Simson]]
| before_party = Independent (politician)
| before_party = Independent politician
| posttitle = President of the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|Reichstag]] after election
| after_election = [[Eduard von Simson]]
| after_election = [[Eduard von Simson]]
| after_party = Independent (politician)
| after_party = Independent politician
}}{{Politics of Germany}}
}}{{Politics of Germany}}


The first '''federal elections''' were held in Germany on 3 March 1871.<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p762 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> The [[National Liberal Party (Germany)|National Liberal Party]] emerged as the largest party in the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|Reichstag]], with 125 of the 382 seats.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, p788</ref> Voter turnout was just 52.0%.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, p772</ref>
The first [[Elections in Germany#German elections from 1871 to 1945|federal elections]] were held in [[German Empire|Germany]] on 3 March 1871.<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p762 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> The [[National Liberal Party (Germany)|National Liberal Party]] emerged as the largest party in the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|Reichstag]], with 117 of the 382 seats.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, p788</ref> Voter turnout was just 51.0%.


==Results==
==Results==
{{Election results
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|image={{Parliament diagram |background=#F8F9FA
!Party
|n1 = 1 | p1 = Social Democratic Party of Germany
!Votes
|n2 = 1 | p2 = German People's Party (1868)
!%
|n3 = 45 | p3 = German Progress Party
!Seats
|n4 = 7 | p4 = Independent Liberals |c4 = #EEDC82
|-
|n5 = 2 | p5 = Old Liberals |c5 = #008000
|align=left|[[National Liberal Party (Germany)|National Liberal Party]]||1,171,000||30.1||125
|n6 = 1 | p6 = Danish Party |b6 = #FFA54F
|-
|n7 = 13 | p7 = Polish Party |b7 = #FFA54F
|align=left|[[Centre Party (Germany)|Centre Party]]||724,000||18.6||63
|n8 = 0 | p8 = Alsace-Lorraine Party |b8 = #FFA54F
|-
|n9 = 117 | p9 = National Liberal Party (Germany)
|align=left|[[Conservative Party (Prussia)|Conservative Party]]||549,000||14.1||57
|n10 = 33 | p10 = Imperial Liberal Party
|-
|n11 = 3 | p11 = Clericals |c11 = #696969
|align=left|[[Free Conservative Party|German Reich Party]]||346,000||8.9||37
|n12 = 58 | p12 = Centre Party (Germany)
|-
|n13 = 7 | p13 = German-Hanoverian Party
|align=left|[[German Progress Party]]||342,000||8.8||46
|n14 = 37 | p14 = German Reich Party
|-
|n15 = 1 | p15 = Independent Conservatives |c15 = #007FFF
|align=left|[[Imperial Liberal Party]]||281,000||7.2||30
|n16 = 56 | p16 = Conservative Party (Prussia)
|-
|align=left|[[Polish Party]]||176,000||4.6||13
|-
|align=left|[[Social Democratic Workers' Party|Social Democratic Workers' Party]]||124,000||3.2||2
|-
|align=left|[[German-Hanoverian Party]]||52,000||1.4||6
|-
|align=left|[[Danish Party]]||25,000||0.7||1
|-
|align=left|[[German People's Party (1868)|German People's Party]]||19,000||0.5||1
|-
|align=left|Others||79,000||2.0||1
|-
|align=left|Invalid/blank votes||275,500||–||–
|-
|align=left|'''Total'''||'''4,163,500'''||'''100'''||'''382'''
|-
|align=left|Registered voters/turnout||7,656,200||52.0||–
|-
|align=left colspan=4|Source: Nohlen & Stöver, [http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/docpage.cfm?docpage_id=3212&language=german DGDB]
|}

{{bar box
| title=Popular Vote
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars=
{{bar percent|'''NLP'''|{{National Liberal Party (Germany)/meta/color}}|30.30}}
{{bar percent|Zentrum|{{Centre Party (Germany)/meta/color}}|18.09}}
{{bar percent|KP|{{German Conservative Party/meta/color}}|14.16}}
{{bar percent|DFP|{{German Free-minded Party/meta/color}}|8.99}}
{{bar percent|DRP|{{Free Conservative Party/meta/color}}|8.93}}
{{bar percent|LRP|{{Imperial Liberal Party/meta/color}}|6.97}}
{{bar percent|PP|#D4213D|4.34}}
{{bar percent|ADAV|{{Social Democratic Party of Germany/meta/color}}|1.48}}
{{bar percent|SDAP|{{Social Democratic Party of Germany/meta/color}}|1.22}}
{{bar percent|Other|#777777|5.52}}
}}
}}


|party1 = [[National Liberal Party (Germany)|National Liberal Party]]
{{bar box
|votes1 = 1125942
| title=Reichstag seats
|seats1 = 117
| titlebar=#ddd
| sw1 = +5.69
| width=600px
| sc1 = +13
| barwidth=410px

| bars=
{{bar percent|'''NLP'''|{{National Liberal Party (Germany)/meta/color}}|32.72}}
|party2 = [[Centre Party (Germany)|Centre Party]]
|votes2 = 707896
{{bar percent|Zentrum|{{Centre Party (Germany)/meta/color}}|16.49}}
|seats2 = 58
{{bar percent|KP|{{German Conservative Party/meta/color}}|14.92}}
| sw2 = New
{{bar percent|DFP|{{German Free-minded Party/meta/color}}|12.04}}
| sc2 = New
{{bar percent|DRP|{{Free Conservative Party/meta/color}}|9.69}}

{{bar percent|LRP|{{Imperial Liberal Party/meta/color}}|7.85}}
|party3 = [[Conservative Party (Prussia)|Conservative Party]]
{{bar percent|PP|#D4213D|3.40}}
|votes3 = 524881
{{bar percent|SDAP|{{Social Democratic Party of Germany/meta/color}}|0.52}}
|seats3 = 56
{{bar percent|Other|#777777|2.36}}
| sw3 = −1.31
| sc3 = −9

|party4 = [[German Progress Party]]
|votes4 = 351209
|seats4 = 45
| sw4 = +0.29
| sc4 = +14

|party5 = [[Free Conservative Party|German Reich Party]]
|votes5 = 343098
|seats5 = 37
| sw5 = +2.16
| sc5 = 0

|party6 = [[Imperial Liberal Party]]
|votes6 = 274068
|seats6 = 33
| sw6 = New
| sc6 = New

|party7 = [[Polish Party]]
|votes7 = 176342
|seats7 = 13
| sw7 = −0.52
| sc7 = +2

|party8 = Independent Liberals
|color8 = #EEDC82
|votes8 = 74903
|seats8 = 5
| sw8 = −9.05
| sc8 = −27

|party9 = [[German-Hanoverian Party]]
|votes9 = 73470
|seats9 = 7
| sw9 = +1.01
| sc9 = +3

|party10 = [[General German Workers' Association]]
|color10 = {{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}}
|votes10 = 56117
|seats10 = 0
| sw10 = −0.27
| sc10 = −2

|party11 = [[Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany|Social Democratic Workers' Party]]
|votes11 = 41040
|seats11 = 1
| sw11 = −0.19
| sc11 = −1

|party12 = [[German People's Party (1868)|German People's Party]]
|votes12 = 29595
|seats12 = 1
| sw12 = −1.23
| sc12 = −7

|party13 = [[Old Liberals]]
|color13 = #008000
|votes13 = 24900
|seats13 = 2
| sw13 = −2.79
| sc13 = −16

|party14 = [[Danish Party]]
|votes14 = 21143
|seats14 = 1
| sw14 = −0.23
| sc14 = 0

|party15 = Clericals
|color15 = {{party color|Centre Party (Germany)}}
|votes15 = 15329
|seats15 = 3
| sw15 = −9.21
| sc15 = −33

|party16 = Independent conservatives
|color16 = #007FFF
|votes16 = 14805
|seats16 = 1
| sw16 = −9.64
| sc16 = +1

|party17 = Schleswig-Holstein Particularist Liberals
|color17 = #EEDC82
|votes17 = 6968
|seats17 = 2
| sw17 = −1.03
| sc17 = −6

|party18 = [[General German Workers' Association#Lasallean General German Workers' Association|Lassallean General German Workers' Association]]
|color18 = {{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}}
|votes18 = 4770
|seats18 = 0
| sw18 = −0.02
| sc18 = −1

|party19 = Saxon Particularist Conservatives
|color19 = #007FFF
|votes19 = 1549
|seats19 = 0
| sw19 = −0.06
| sc19 = 0

|party20 = Others
|votes20 = 17596
|seats20 = 0
| sw20 = −0.84
| sc20 = 0

|party21 = Unknown
|votes21 = 894
|seats21 = 0
| sw21 = −0.07
| sc21 = 0

|invalid = 19016
|total_sc = +85
|electorate = 7656283
|source=[https://wahlen-in-deutschland.de/krtw.htm Wahlen in Deutschland]
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{German elections}}
{{German elections}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Federal elections in Germany|1871]]
[[Category:1871 elections in Europe]]
[[Category:Federal elections in Germany]]
[[Category:1871 in Germany]]
[[Category:1871 elections in Germany]]
[[Category:Elections in the German Empire]]
[[Category:Elections in the German Empire]]
[[Category:March 1871 events]]
[[Category:March 1871 events]]

Latest revision as of 08:22, 6 December 2024

1871 German federal election
← 1868 3 March 1871 (1871-03-03) 1874 →
All 382 seats in the Reichstag
192 seats needed for a majority
Registered7,656,283
Turnout3,905,531 (51.01%)
  First party Second party Third party
 
Con
Leader Rudolf von Bennigsen Hermann von Mallinckrodt
Party NlP Centre Conservatives
Leader since 1867 1870
Last election 23.28%, 104 seats Did not exist 14.82%, 65 seats
Seats won 117 58 56
Seat change Increase 13 New party Decrease 9
Popular vote 1,125,942 707,896 524,881
Percentage 28.97% 18.21% 13.51%
Swing Increase 5.69 pp New party Decrease 1.31 pp
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
DFP
Leader Viktor I, Duke of Ratibor Chlodwig Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
Party DFP DRP LRP
Leader since 1871
Last election 8.75%, 31 seats 6.67%, 37 seats Did not exist
Seats won 45 37 33
Seat change Increase 14 Steady 0 New party
Popular vote 351,209 343,098 274,068
Percentage 9.04% 8.83% 7.05%
Swing Increase 0.29 pp Increase 2.16 pp New party
Map of results (by constituencies)
President of the Zollparlament before election

Eduard von Simson
Independent

President of the Reichstag after election

Eduard von Simson
Independent

This article is part of a series on the
Politics of
Germany
Constitution (Basic Law)
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Executive
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  • State Politics
Foreign relations

  • Foreign relations by country
  • International Relations
Political ideologies

The first federal elections were held in Germany on 3 March 1871.[1] The National Liberal Party emerged as the largest party in the Reichstag, with 117 of the 382 seats.[2] Voter turnout was just 51.0%.

Results

[edit]
1
1
45
7
2
1
13
117
33
3
58
7
37
1
56
PartyVotes%+/–Seats+/–
National Liberal Party1,125,94228.97+5.69117+13
Centre Party707,89618.21New58New
Conservative Party524,88113.51−1.3156−9
German Progress Party351,2099.04+0.2945+14
German Reich Party343,0988.83+2.16370
Imperial Liberal Party274,0687.05New33New
Polish Party176,3424.54−0.5213+2
Independent Liberals74,9031.93−9.055−27
German-Hanoverian Party73,4701.89+1.017+3
General German Workers' Association56,1171.44−0.270−2
Social Democratic Workers' Party41,0401.06−0.191−1
German People's Party29,5950.76−1.231−7
Old Liberals24,9000.64−2.792−16
Danish Party21,1430.54−0.2310
Clericals15,3290.39−9.213−33
Independent conservatives14,8050.38−9.641+1
Schleswig-Holstein Particularist Liberals6,9680.18−1.032−6
Lassallean General German Workers' Association4,7700.12−0.020−1
Saxon Particularist Conservatives1,5490.04−0.0600
Others17,5960.45−0.8400
Unknown8940.02−0.0700
Total3,886,515100.00–382+85
Valid votes3,886,51599.51
Invalid/blank votes19,0160.49
Total votes3,905,531100.00
Registered voters/turnout7,656,28351.01
Source: Wahlen in Deutschland

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p762 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p788
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