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{{short description|20th-century Islamic scholar and influential figure of the Hanafi school of thought}}
{{short description|20th-century Islamic scholar and influential figure of the Hanafi school of thought}}
{{Notability|date=February 2020}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=March 2020}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=March 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox religious biography
{{Infobox religious biography
|era = Modern
| era = Modern
|name = Zafar Ahmad Al-Uthmani <br />({{lang-ar| زفر احمد العثماني}})
| name = Zafar Ahmad Usmani<br />({{langx|ar| ظفر أحمد العثماني}})
|title =
| image = File:Zafar-Ahmad-Usmani-286x300.webp
| religion = [[Islam]]
| office1 = [[Emir|Ameer]] of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]]
| term_start1 = 1949
⚫
|birth_date = 4 October 1892 [13th of Rabi’ al-Awwal, 1310 AH]<br />[[India]]
|death_date = 1974<br />[[Indian Subcontinent]]
| term_end1 = 1956
|region = [[Indian Subcontinent]]
| predecessor1 = [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]]
| successor1 = [[Ahmed Ali Lahori]]
⚫
|school_tradition =
| title =
⚫
|main_interests = [[Jurisprudence]]
|works = ''[[I’la’ al-Sunan]]''
| religion = [[Islam]]
⚫
| birth_date = 4 October 1892 [13th of Rabi’ al-Awwal, 1310 AH]<br />[[Deoband]], [[British Raj|India]]
⚫
|influences = [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]], [[Abu Hanifa]]
|influenced = [[Deobandi]] movement
| death_date = 1974<br />Pakistan
| region = [[Indian subcontinent]]
⚫
| school_tradition =
⚫
| main_interests = [[Jurisprudence]]<br />[[Pakistan Movement]] activist
| works = ''[[I'la al-Sunan]]''
⚫
| influences = [[Abu Hanifa]]
| influenced = [[Deobandi]] movement
| teacher = [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]]
| party = [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]]
| students = [[Azizul Haque (scholar, born 1919)|Azizul Haque]], [[Badre Alam Merathi]], [[Mahmudul Hasan (scholar)|Mahmudul Hasan]]
| image_upright =
| caption =
}}
}}
{{Deobandi}}
⚫
'''Zafar Ahmad Usmani''' (also known as '''Zafar Ahmad Thanwi''') ({{langx|ar| ظفر أحمد العثماني}}) (4 October 1892 &ndash; 1974), was a 20th Century [[Sunni Muslim]] [[Jurist]] who became an influential figure of the [[Hanafi]] [[Madh'hab|school of Sunni jurisprudence]]'s [[Deobandi]] Movement. He also was a prominent [[Pakistan Movement]] activist.<ref name=Dawn/><ref name=TheNation>[https://nation.com.pk/09-Dec-2014/npt-sitting-on-usmani Nazaria Pakistan Trust (NPT) sitting on Usmani] ''The Nation'' (newspaper), Published 9 December 2014, Retrieved 2 March 2020</ref>


⚫
He is most famous for having written I'la Al-Sunan, a 20 volume Hadith encyclopedia of Hanafi proofs, written as a refutation by the Hanafi school against the objections raised by the growing [[Ahl-i Hadith]] movement, as per the request of his uncle [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]].<ref name="Zaman, Muhammad Qasim 2008. pg. 54-60">Zaman, Muhammad Qasim. Ashraf 'Ali Thanawi: Islam in Modern South Asia. Oneworld, 2008. pg. 54-60</ref>
⚫
'''Zafar Ahmad Al-Uthmani''' ({{lang-ar| زفر احمد العثماني}}) (4 October 1892 &ndash; 1974), was a 20th Century [[Sunni Muslim]] [[Jurist]] who became an influential figure of the [[Hanafi]] [[Madh'hab|school of Sunni jurisprudence]]'s [[Deobandi]] Movement. He also was a [[Pakistan Movement]] activist.<ref name=TheNation>[https://nation.com.pk/09-Dec-2014/npt-sitting-on-usmani Nazaria Pakistan Trust (NPT) sitting on Usmani] The Nation (newspaper), Published 9 December 2014, Retrieved 2 March 2020</ref>


⚫
==Birth==
⚫
He is most famous for having written I'la Al-Sunan, written as a refutation against the objections against the Hanafi school raised by the growing Ahl-i-hadith movement, as per the request of his Uncle [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]].<ref>Zaman, Muhammad Qasim. Ashraf 'Ali Thanawi: Islam in Modern South Asia. Oneworld, 2008. pg. 54-60</ref>
{{Further|Usmani family of Deoband#Karamat Hussain}}
Zafar Ahmad Usmani was born on 4 October 1892 in [[Deoband]]. His [[Arabic name#Ism|ism]] ([[given name]]) was Zafar Ahmad. His ''[[nasab]]'' ([[patronymic]]) is: Zafar Ahmad ibn Lateef Ahmad ibn Nehal Ahmad ibn Karamat Hussain ibn Nabi Bakhsh ibn Hayātullah ibn Ināyatullah ibn Laqā'ullāh ibn Ihsānullāh ibn Nasīrullah ibn Dīwān Lutfullah ibn Owais ibn Ahmad ibn Abd al-Razzāq ibn Muhammad Hasan ibn Habībullah ibn Usmān ibn Ali ibn Shaykh Muhammad ibn Fazlullāh ibn Abu al-Wafā Usmāni.<ref name="asim">{{Citation|last=Ubaid |first=Iqbal Asim |date= 2001 |title=Mawlāna Zafar Ahmad: Hayāt-o-Khidmāt|pages=51–52}}</ref>


==Education and career==
⚫
==Life==
Al-Uthmani was born in 1892. After the death of his mother when he was 3, he was raised by his grandmother, considered to be a religious woman. He started studying and memorizing the Quran at the age of 5. At age 7, he studied Mathematics, Urdu, and Persian under Mawlana Muhammad Yasin. His uncle, [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]] guided him as he studied under more scholars.<ref>https://www.whitethreadpress.com/imam-zafar-ahmad-uthmani/</ref>
After the death of his mother when he was 3, he was raised by his grandmother, considered to be a religious woman. He started studying and memorizing the Quran at the age of 5. At age 7, he studied [[Mathematics]], [[Urdu]], and [[Persian language|Persian]] under Mawlana Muhammad Yasin. His uncle, [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]] guided him as he studied with more religious scholars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.whitethreadpress.com/imam-zafar-ahmad-uthmani/|title = Shaykh Zafar Ahmad Uthmani - White Thread Press}}</ref>

In Pakistan, he became a close associate of Maulana [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]] and an active member of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]] founded by him. After the death of [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]] in 1949, he and Maulana Ehteshamul Haq Thanvi became key leaders of this party.<ref name=Dawn>[https://www.dawn.com/news/1504364 1969: Fifty Years Ago: Islamic socialism] ''Dawn'' (newspaper), Published 9 September 2019, Retrieved 2 March 2020</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/436850-books-on-the-highway |author=Naazir Mahmood|date=26 February 2019|title=Books on the highway|newspaper=The News International|access-date=3 March 2020}}</ref>


==Works==
==Works==
Al-Uthmani's most famous work is I’la’ al-Sunan, which is a Hadith Commentary that connects the opinions of the Hanafi s hook with direct evidence from the Hadiths.<ref>Hefner, Robert W., and Muhammad Qasim. Zaman. Schooling Islam: the Culture and Politics of Modern Education. Princenton University Press, 2007. Pg. 64-65</ref> The reason for this was that the Ahl-i-hadith movement was growing and bringing their objections, and Ashraf Ali Thanwi asked his nephew to respond. The book was first printed in 1923.<ref>https://kitaabun.com/shopping3/sunan-arabic-maulana-zafar-ahmad-uthmani-p-5506.html</ref> It consists of 21 volumes.<ref>Zaman, Muhammad Qasim. Ashraf 'Ali Thanawi: Islam in Modern South Asia. Oneworld, 2008. pg. 54-60</ref>
Usmani's most famous work is ''I’la’ al-Sunan'', which is a Hadith Commentary that connects the opinions of this Hanafi's book with direct evidence from the Hadiths.<ref>Hefner, Robert W., and Muhammad Qasim. Zaman. Schooling Islam: the Culture and Politics of Modern Education. Princenton University Press, 2007. Pg. 64-65</ref> The reason for this was that the [[Ahl-i Hadith]] movement was growing and bringing their objections, and Maulana [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]] asked his nephew to respond. The book was first printed in 1923.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kitaabun.com/shopping3/sunan-arabic-maulana-zafar-ahmad-uthmani-p-5506.html|title = I'la al Sunan, ARABIC by Maulana Zafar Ahmad al-Uthmani}}</ref> It consists of 21 volumes.<ref name="Zaman, Muhammad Qasim 2008. pg. 54-60"/>

* Qawaid fi Ulum al-Hadith<ref>{{Cite book |last=Adrawi |first=Asir |url=https://archive.org/download/Maktaba-Maulana-Nizamuddin-Aseer-Adravi-Sahib/Dabistan-i-Deoband-Ki-Ilmi-Khidmaat.pdf |title=Dabistan-i Deoband ki Ilmi Khidmaat |publisher=Darulmuaallifeen |year=1995 |location=Deoband, UP, India |pages=166–168 |language=ur |oclc=47964786 |author-link=Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi}}</ref><ref name=":Kaleem">{{Cite thesis |last=Kaleem |first=Mohd |title=Contribution of Old boys of Darul uloom Deoband in Hadith Literature |publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2017 |location=India |language=ur |hdl=10603/364028 |type=PhD |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/364028 |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=24 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024044219/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/364028 |url-status=live |pages=311–313}}</ref>


==Honored by Jinnah==
==Honored by Jinnah==
At the [[independence of Pakistan]] ceremony in 1947, [[Quaid-e-Azam]] [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] asked the renowned religious scholar Maulana [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]] to hoist the Pakistani flag in [[Karachi]] and Zafar Ahmad Usmani was asked by Jinnah to hoist it in [[Dhaka]]. Also, since Zafar Ahmad Usmani was a jurist, he was selected to take oath from the first [[Chief Justice of Pakistan]], [[Abdul Rashid (judge)|Abdul Rashid]].<ref name=TheNation/>
At the [[independence of Pakistan]] ceremony in 1947, [[Quaid-e-Azam]] [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] asked the renowned religious scholar [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani|Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]] to hoist the Pakistani flag in [[Karachi]] and he asked Zafar Ahmad Usmani to hoist it in [[Dhaka]]. Also, since Zafar Ahmad Usmani was a jurist, he was selected to take oath from the first [[Chief Justice of Pakistan]], [[Abdul Rashid (judge)|Abdul Rashid]].<ref name=TheNation/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/324380/asia-bibi-pakistanis-need-to-bridge-the-mister-mulla-divide/ |title=Aasia Bibi: Pakistanis need to bridge the mister-mulla divide |date=20 November 2018|author=Syed Talha Shah |newspaper=Daily Times|access-date=3 March 2020}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
*[https://islamicbookslibrary.wordpress.com/tag/shaykh-zafar-ahmad-usmani-r-a/ Zafar Ahmad Usmani books on Islamic Books Library website]
*[https://acikerisim.uludag.edu.tr/bitstream/11452/23321/1/Sevban_%C3%96ZDEM%C4%B0R.pdf Thesis]
*[https://journal.epistemology.pk/index.php/epistemology/article/download/105/54 journal]


{{Pakistan Movement}}
{{Usmani family}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Zafar Ahmad Usmani}}
[[Category:1892 births]]
[[Category:1892 births]]
[[Category:1974 deaths]]
[[Category:1974 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Pakistani Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Pakistan Movement activists]]
[[Category:Pakistan Movement activists]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam politicians]]
[[Category:Usmani family]]
[[Category:People from Deoband]]
[[Category:Disciples of Ashraf Ali Thanwi]]
[[Category:Muhajir people]]

Latest revision as of 01:31, 7 December 2024

Zafar Ahmad Usmani
(Arabic: ظفر أحمد العثماني)
Ameer of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam
In office
1949–1956
Preceded byShabbir Ahmad Usmani
Succeeded byAhmed Ali Lahori
Personal life
Born4 October 1892 [13th of Rabi’ al-Awwal, 1310 AH]
Deoband, India
Died1974
Pakistan
EraModern
RegionIndian subcontinent
Political partyJamiat Ulema-e-Islam
Main interest(s)Jurisprudence
Pakistan Movement activist
Notable work(s)I'la al-Sunan
Religious life
ReligionIslam
Muslim leader
TeacherAshraf Ali Thanwi
Students
Influenced by
Influenced
Part of a series on the
Deobandi movement
Ideology and influences
Founders and key figures
Notable institutions
Darul ulooms and madrasas
Centres (markaz) of Tablighi Jamaat
Associated organizations

Zafar Ahmad Usmani (also known as Zafar Ahmad Thanwi) (Arabic: ظفر أحمد العثماني) (4 October 1892 – 1974), was a 20th Century Sunni Muslim Jurist who became an influential figure of the Hanafi school of Sunni jurisprudence's Deobandi Movement. He also was a prominent Pakistan Movement activist.[1][2]

He is most famous for having written I'la Al-Sunan, a 20 volume Hadith encyclopedia of Hanafi proofs, written as a refutation by the Hanafi school against the objections raised by the growing Ahl-i Hadith movement, as per the request of his uncle Ashraf Ali Thanwi.[3]

Birth

[edit]
Further information: Usmani family of Deoband § Karamat Hussain

Zafar Ahmad Usmani was born on 4 October 1892 in Deoband. His ism (given name) was Zafar Ahmad. His nasab (patronymic) is: Zafar Ahmad ibn Lateef Ahmad ibn Nehal Ahmad ibn Karamat Hussain ibn Nabi Bakhsh ibn Hayātullah ibn Ināyatullah ibn Laqā'ullāh ibn Ihsānullāh ibn Nasīrullah ibn Dīwān Lutfullah ibn Owais ibn Ahmad ibn Abd al-Razzāq ibn Muhammad Hasan ibn Habībullah ibn Usmān ibn Ali ibn Shaykh Muhammad ibn Fazlullāh ibn Abu al-Wafā Usmāni.[4]

Education and career

[edit]

After the death of his mother when he was 3, he was raised by his grandmother, considered to be a religious woman. He started studying and memorizing the Quran at the age of 5. At age 7, he studied Mathematics, Urdu, and Persian under Mawlana Muhammad Yasin. His uncle, Ashraf Ali Thanwi guided him as he studied with more religious scholars.[5]

In Pakistan, he became a close associate of Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani and an active member of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam founded by him. After the death of Shabbir Ahmad Usmani in 1949, he and Maulana Ehteshamul Haq Thanvi became key leaders of this party.[1][6]

Works

[edit]

Usmani's most famous work is I’la’ al-Sunan, which is a Hadith Commentary that connects the opinions of this Hanafi's book with direct evidence from the Hadiths.[7] The reason for this was that the Ahl-i Hadith movement was growing and bringing their objections, and Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi asked his nephew to respond. The book was first printed in 1923.[8] It consists of 21 volumes.[3]

Honored by Jinnah

[edit]

At the independence of Pakistan ceremony in 1947, Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah asked the renowned religious scholar Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani to hoist the Pakistani flag in Karachi and he asked Zafar Ahmad Usmani to hoist it in Dhaka. Also, since Zafar Ahmad Usmani was a jurist, he was selected to take oath from the first Chief Justice of Pakistan, Abdul Rashid.[2][11]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b 1969: Fifty Years Ago: Islamic socialism Dawn (newspaper), Published 9 September 2019, Retrieved 2 March 2020
  2. ^ a b Nazaria Pakistan Trust (NPT) sitting on Usmani The Nation (newspaper), Published 9 December 2014, Retrieved 2 March 2020
  3. ^ a b Zaman, Muhammad Qasim. Ashraf 'Ali Thanawi: Islam in Modern South Asia. Oneworld, 2008. pg. 54-60
  4. ^ Ubaid, Iqbal Asim (2001), Mawlāna Zafar Ahmad: Hayāt-o-Khidmāt, pp. 51–52
  5. ^ "Shaykh Zafar Ahmad Uthmani - White Thread Press".
  6. ^ Naazir Mahmood (26 February 2019). "Books on the highway". The News International. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
  7. ^ Hefner, Robert W., and Muhammad Qasim. Zaman. Schooling Islam: the Culture and Politics of Modern Education. Princenton University Press, 2007. Pg. 64-65
  8. ^ "I'la al Sunan, ARABIC by Maulana Zafar Ahmad al-Uthmani".
  9. ^ Adrawi, Asir (1995). Dabistan-i Deoband ki Ilmi Khidmaat (PDF) (in Urdu). Deoband, UP, India: Darulmuaallifeen. pp. 166–168. OCLC 47964786.
  10. ^ Kaleem, Mohd (2017). Contribution of Old boys of Darul uloom Deoband in Hadith Literature (PhD) (in Urdu). India: Department of Sunni Theology, Aligarh Muslim University. pp. 311–313. hdl:10603/364028. Archived from the original on 24 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  11. ^ Syed Talha Shah (20 November 2018). "Aasia Bibi: Pakistanis need to bridge the mister-mulla divide". Daily Times. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
[edit]
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