Bourke B. Hickenlooper: Difference between revisions

Bourke B. Hickenlooper
Bourke B. Hickenlooper
	Hickenlooper in 1945
United States Senator; from Iowa
	In office; January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1969
Preceded by	Guy Gillette
Succeeded by	Harold Hughes
29th Governor of Iowa
	In office; January 14, 1943 – January 11, 1945
Lieutenant	Robert D. Blue
Preceded by	George A. Wilson
Succeeded by	Robert D. Blue
30th Lieutenant Governor of Iowa
	In office; January 12, 1939 – January 14, 1943
Governor	George A. Wilson
Preceded by	John K. Valentine
Succeeded by	Robert D. Blue
Personal details
Born	Bourke Blakemore Hickenlooper; July 21, 1896; Blockton, Iowa, U.S.
Died	September 4, 1971 (aged 75); Shelter Island, New York, U.S.
Resting place	Cedar Memorial Park cemetery in Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Political party	Republican
Spouse	Verna Eilene Bensch
Alma mater	Iowa State College
Occupation	Politician, Attorney

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Bourke Blakemore Hickenlooper (July 21, 1896 – September 4, 1971), was an American politician and member of the Republican Party, first elected to statewide office in Iowa as lieutenant governor, serving from 1939 to 1943 and then as the 29th Governor of Iowa from 1943 to 1945. Hickenlooper was first elected to the United States Senate in 1944. He served in the Senate from 1945 to 1969.

Biography

Born in 1896 in Blockton, Iowa, Hickenlooper's college education at Iowa State College in Ames was interrupted by his service in the U.S. Army.

World War I

He served as an officer in France during World War I.

Higher education

After his military service Hickenlooper continued his education at Iowa State and then went on to the University of Iowa College of Law, where he received a law degree in 1922. He practiced law in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

Religion

Hickenlooper was a Methodist.

Governor of Iowa

in the 1942 election, governor George A. Wilson did not run for re-election, instead he successfully ran for a seat in the United States Senate. Hickenlooper was elected to succeed Wilson, defeating former governor Nelson Kraschel 63% to 37%, serving one term from 1943-1945. Hickenlooper did not seek re-election in 1944, instead he successfully ran for a seat in the United States Senate, narrowly defeating incumbent Democratic senator Guy Gillette.

Senate

In the Senate, Hickenlooper was known as one of the most conservative and isolationist members of the Republican Party, and perhaps one of the most conservative American congressmen. He became one of the most powerful Republicans in the Senate, serving as the Republican Policy Committee Chairman from 1962 to 1969. In this position, he had an intense rivalry with Everett Dirksen, the Senate Republican leader at the time. Hickenlooper voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960,^[1]^[2]^[3] but along with fellow conservative Barry Goldwater, voted against the Civil Rights Act of 1964.^[4] He also voted in favor of the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Legislation

The 1962 Hickenlooper Amendment to the foreign aid bill cuts off aid to any country expropriating U.S. property. The amendment was aimed at Castro's Cuba, which had expropriated U.S.-owned and U.S.-controlled sugar plantations and refineries.^[8]

USS Liberty incident

Senator Hickenlooper was outraged by the 1967 USS Liberty incident and was one of the few Congressmen to call for an investigation. He was openly skeptical of Israel's mistaken identity explanation: "From what I have read I can't tolerate for one minute that this was an accident. I think it was a deliberate assault on this ship. I think they had ample opportunity to identify it as an American ship. … What have we done about the Liberty? Have we become so placid, so far as Israel is concerned or so far as that area is concerned, that we will take the killing of 37 [sic] American boys and the wounding of a lot more and the attack of an American ship in the open sea in good weather? We have seemed to say: 'Oh, well, boys will be boys.' What are you going to do about it? It is most offensive to me…It is inconceivable to me that the ship could not have been identified. According to everything I saw, the American flag was flying on this ship. It had a particular configuration. Even a landlubber could look at it and see that it has no characteristic configuration comparable to the so-called Egyptian ship they now try to say they mistook it for. It just doesn’t add up to me. It is not at all satisfactory."^[9]

Death

Hickenlooper died in 1971 in Shelter Island, New York and is buried at the Cedar Memorial Park cemetery in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

External links

^ "Senate – August 7, 1957" (PDF). Congressional Record. 103 (10). U.S. Government Printing Office: 13900. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
^ "Senate – August 29, 1957" (PDF). Congressional Record. 103 (12). U.S. Government Printing Office: 16478. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
^ "Senate – April 8, 1960" (PDF). Congressional Record. 106 (6). U.S. Government Printing Office: 7810–7811. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
^ "Senate – June 19, 1964" (PDF). Congressional Record. 110 (11). U.S. Government Printing Office: 14511. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
^ "Senate – March 27, 1962" (PDF). Congressional Record. 108 (4). U.S. Government Printing Office: 5105. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
^ "Senate – May 26, 1965" (PDF). Congressional Record. 111 (2). U.S. Government Printing Office: 11752. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
^ "Senate – August 4, 1965" (PDF). Congressional Record. 111 (14). U.S. Government Printing Office: 19378. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
^ Cynthia Clark Northrup, Elaine C. Prange Turney, Encyclopedia of Tariffs and Trade in U.S. History: The encyclopedia
^ Scott, James (2 June 2009). The Attack on the Liberty: The Untold Story of Israel's Deadly 1967 Assault on a U.S. Spy Ship. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781416554820.

Party political offices
Preceded by George A. Wilson	Republican nominee for Governor of Iowa 1942	Succeeded by Robert D. Blue
Preceded by Lester J. Dickinson	Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Iowa (Class 3) 1944, 1950, 1956, 1962	Succeeded by David M. Stanley
Preceded by Styles Bridges	Chair of the Senate Republican Policy Committee 1962–1969	Succeeded by Gordon Allott
Political offices
Preceded by John K. Valentine	Lieutenant Governor of Iowa 1939–1943	Succeeded by Robert D. Blue
Preceded by George A. Wilson	Governor of Iowa 1943–1945	Succeeded by Robert D. Blue
U.S. Senate
Preceded by Guy Gillette	U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Iowa 1945–1969 Served alongside: George A. Wilson, Guy Gillette, Thomas E. Martin, Jack R. Miller	Succeeded by Harold Hughes
Preceded by Brien McMahon	Chair of the Joint Atomic Energy Committee 1947–1949	Succeeded by Brien McMahon
Preceded by Alexander Wiley	Ranking Member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee 1963–1969	Succeeded by George Aiken

[1] "Senate – August 7, 1957" (PDF). Congressional Record. 103 (10). U.S. Government Printing Office: 13900. Retrieved February 18, 2022.

[2] "Senate – August 29, 1957" (PDF). Congressional Record. 103 (12). U.S. Government Printing Office: 16478. Retrieved February 18, 2022.

[3] "Senate – April 8, 1960" (PDF). Congressional Record. 106 (6). U.S. Government Printing Office: 7810–7811. Retrieved February 18, 2022.

[4] "Senate – June 19, 1964" (PDF). Congressional Record. 110 (11). U.S. Government Printing Office: 14511. Retrieved February 18, 2022.

[5] "Senate – March 27, 1962" (PDF). Congressional Record. 108 (4). U.S. Government Printing Office: 5105. Retrieved February 18, 2022.

[6] "Senate – May 26, 1965" (PDF). Congressional Record. 111 (2). U.S. Government Printing Office: 11752. Retrieved February 18, 2022.

[7] "Senate – August 4, 1965" (PDF). Congressional Record. 111 (14). U.S. Government Printing Office: 19378. Retrieved February 18, 2022.

[8] Cynthia Clark Northrup, Elaine C. Prange Turney, Encyclopedia of Tariffs and Trade in U.S. History: The encyclopedia

[9] Scott, James (2 June 2009). The Attack on the Liberty: The Untold Story of Israel's Deadly 1967 Assault on a U.S. Spy Ship. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781416554820.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Short description|American republican politician (1896–1971)}}
+{{Short description|American politician (1896–1971)}}
 {{Infobox officeholder
 |name       = Bourke B. Hickenlooper
@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 == Biography ==
 Born in 1896 in [[Blockton, Iowa]], Hickenlooper's college education at [[Iowa State University|Iowa State College]] in [[Ames, Iowa|Ames]] was interrupted by his service in the [[U.S. Army]].
 === World War I ===
 He served as an officer in [[France]] during [[World War I]].
 === Higher education ===
 After his military service Hickenlooper continued his education at Iowa State and then went on to the [[University of Iowa College of Law]], where he received a law degree in 1922. He practiced law in [[Cedar Rapids, Iowa]].
 === Religion ===
 Hickenlooper was a [[Methodist]].
+=== Governor of Iowa ===
+in the [[1942 Iowa gubernatorial election|1942 election]], governor [[George A. Wilson]] did not run for re-election, instead he [[1942 United States Senate election in Iowa|successfully ran]] for a seat in the United States Senate. Hickenlooper was elected to succeed Wilson, defeating former governor [[Nelson Kraschel]] 63% to 37%, serving one term from 1943-1945. Hickenlooper did not seek re-election in [[1944 Iowa gubernatorial election|1944]], instead he [[1944 United States Senate election in Iowa|successfully ran]] for a seat in the United States Senate, narrowly defeating incumbent Democratic senator [[Guy Gillette]].
 === Senate ===
@@ Line 57: / Line 60: @@
 ===USS ''Liberty'' incident===
-Senator Hickenlooper was outraged by the 1967 [[USS Liberty incident|USS ''Liberty'' incident]] and was one of the few Congressmen to call for an investigation. He was openly skeptical of Israel's mistaken identity explanation: "From what I have read I can't tolerate for one minute that this was an accident. I think it was a deliberate assault on this ship. I think they had ample opportunity to identify it as an American ship. … What have we done about the ''Liberty''? Have we become so placid, so far as Israel is concerned or so far as that area is concerned, that we will take the killing of 37 [sic] American boys and the wounding of a lot more and the attack of an American ship in the open sea in good weather? We have seemed to say: 'Oh, well, boys will be boys.' What are you going to do about it? It is most offensive to me…It is inconceivable to me that the ship could not have been identified. According to everything I saw, the American flag was flying on this ship. It had a particular configuration. Even a landlubber could look at it and see that it has no characteristic configuration comparable to the so-called Egyptian ship they now try to say they mistook it for. It just doesn’t add up to me. It is not at all satisfactory."<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tn0pk8pVE88C |title=The Attack on the Liberty: The Untold Story of Israel's Deadly 1967 Assault on a U.S. Spy Ship |isbn=9781416554820 |last1=Scott |first1=James |date=2 June 2009}}</ref>
+Senator Hickenlooper was outraged by the 1967 [[USS Liberty incident|USS ''Liberty'' incident]] and was one of the few Congressmen to call for an investigation. He was openly skeptical of Israel's mistaken identity explanation: "From what I have read I can't tolerate for one minute that this was an accident. I think it was a deliberate assault on this ship. I think they had ample opportunity to identify it as an American ship. … What have we done about the ''Liberty''? Have we become so placid, so far as Israel is concerned or so far as that area is concerned, that we will take the killing of 37 [sic] American boys and the wounding of a lot more and the attack of an American ship in the open sea in good weather? We have seemed to say: 'Oh, well, boys will be boys.' What are you going to do about it? It is most offensive to me…It is inconceivable to me that the ship could not have been identified. According to everything I saw, the American flag was flying on this ship. It had a particular configuration. Even a landlubber could look at it and see that it has no characteristic configuration comparable to the so-called Egyptian ship they now try to say they mistook it for. It just doesn’t add up to me. It is not at all satisfactory."<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tn0pk8pVE88C |title=The Attack on the Liberty: The Untold Story of Israel's Deadly 1967 Assault on a U.S. Spy Ship |isbn=9781416554820 |last1=Scott |first1=James |date=2 June 2009|publisher=Simon and Schuster }}</ref>
 == Death ==
@@ Line 112: / Line 115: @@
 [[Category:Iowa lawyers]]
 [[Category:Iowa State University alumni]]
-[[Category:Lieutenant Governors of Iowa]]
+[[Category:Lieutenant governors of Iowa]]
-[[Category:McCarthyists]]
+[[Category:American anti-communists]]
 [[Category:University of Iowa College of Law alumni]]
 [[Category:Republican Party United States senators from Iowa]]
+[[Category:20th-century Iowa politicians]]
+[[Category:20th-century United States senators]]

v t e Governors of Iowa
Territorial (1838–1846)	Conway (Acting) Lucas Chambers Clarke	Iowa portal
State (since 1846)	Briggs Hempstead Grimes Lowe Kirkwood Stone Merrill Carpenter Kirkwood Newbold Gear Sherman Larrabee Boies Jackson Drake Shaw Cummins Garst Carroll Clarke Harding Kendall Hammill Turner Herring Kraschel Wilson Hickenlooper Blue Beardsley Elthon Hoegh Loveless Erbe Hughes Fulton Ray Branstad Vilsack Culver Branstad Reynolds	Iowa portal

v t e United States senators from Iowa
Class 2	Jones Grimes Howell Wright Kirkwood McDill J. Wilson Gear Dolliver Young Kenyon Rawson Brookhart Steck Dickinson Herring G. Wilson Gillette Martin Miller Clark Jepsen Harkin Ernst
Class 3	Dodge Harlan Kirkwood Harlan Allison Cummins Stewart Brookhart Murphy Gillette Hickenlooper Hughes Culver Grassley