Piazzale Loreto: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|City square in Milan, Italy}} |
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[[File:Mussolini e Petacci a Piazzale Loreto, 1945.jpg|thumb|From left to right, the dead bodies of [[Nicola Bombacci|Bombacci]], [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]], [[Clara Petacci|Petacci]], [[Alessandro Pavolini|Pavolini]] and [[Achille Starace|Starace]] in Piazzale Loreto, 29 April 1945.]] |
[[File:Mussolini e Petacci a Piazzale Loreto, 1945.jpg|thumb|From left to right, the dead bodies of [[Nicola Bombacci|Bombacci]], [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]], [[Clara Petacci|Petacci]], [[Alessandro Pavolini|Pavolini]] and [[Achille Starace|Starace]] in Piazzale Loreto, 29 April 1945.]] |
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'''{{lang|it|Piazzale Loreto}}''' is a major |
'''{{Noitalic|{{lang|it|Piazzale Loreto}}}}''' is a major city square in [[Milan]], [[Italy]]. |
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| ⚫ | The name ''Loreto'' is also used in a wider sense to refer to the district surrounding the square, which is part of the [[Zone 2 of Milan|Zone 2]] administrative division, in the northeastern part of the city. The name "Loreto" derives from an old sanctuary that used to be there and that was dedicated to Our Lady of [[Loreto, Marche|Loreto]] |
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==Origin== |
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| ⚫ | The name ''Loreto'' is also used in a wider sense to refer to the district surrounding the square, which is part of the [[Zone 2 of Milan|Zone 2]] administrative division, in the northeastern part of the city. The name "Loreto" derives from an old sanctuary that used to be there and that was dedicated to Our Lady of [[Loreto, Marche|Loreto]] (a town in the [[province of Ancona]]). |
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==Transportation== |
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The [[Milan Metro|Milan metro]] [[Loreto (Milan Metro)|Loreto station]] on [[Milan Metro Line 1|line 1]] is located partially underneath the square; it is an important transfer station with [[Milan Metro Line 2|line 2]]. The tracks and platforms of this latter line are located, however, underneath nearby Piazza Argentina. |
The [[Milan Metro|Milan metro]] [[Loreto (Milan Metro)|Loreto station]] on [[Milan Metro Line 1|line 1]] is located partially underneath the square; it is an important transfer station with [[Milan Metro Line 2|line 2]]. The tracks and platforms of this latter line are located, however, underneath nearby Piazza Argentina. |
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==History== |
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{{See|Piazzale Loreto massacre}} |
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The square, on 10 August 1944, was the scene of the public execution by the German occupation authorities of 15 Milanese civilians handpicked by [[Theo Saevecke]], head of the [[Gestapo]] in Milan, as a reprisal for a partisan attack on a German military convoy. The executed were left on display for a number of days.<ref name="Gedenkorte" >{{cite web |url=https://www.gedenkorte-europa.eu/content/list/303/ |title=Mailand |publisher=Gedenkorte Europa 1939–1945 |access-date=11 September 2018 |language=de }}</ref> The event became known as the "massacre of piazzale Loreto" and the executed as "martyrs of piazzale Loreto." In the aftermath of that event, Mussolini is said to have prophetically remarked "for the blood of Piazzale Loreto, we shall pay dearly".<ref>{{cite book|last=Bosworth|first=R. J. B. |title=Mussolini |date=2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-84966-444-8|pages=332–333}}</ref> The square, for a time, had been renamed '''{{lang|it|Piazza Quindici Martiri}}''' in honour of the executed.<ref>[[Time (magazine)|''Time'' magazine]], 7 May 1945</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.patriaindipendente.it/persone-e-luoghi/profili-partigiani/10-agosto-1944-i-15-martiri-di-piazzale-loreto/|title=10 agosto 1944: i 15 martiri di piazzale Loreto|last=De Paolis|first=Daniele |language=Italian|trans-title=10 August 1944: The 15 martyrs of Loreto square|date=10 December 2006 |website=Patria Indipendente |access-date=27 April 2021}}</ref> |
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Subsequently, Piazzale Loreto was the scene of one of the best-known events in the modern [[history of Italy]], namely the public display of [[Benito Mussolini]]'s corpse on 29 April 1945. The day before, Mussolini, his mistress [[Clara Petacci]] and some other high-ranking Fascists had been [[Death of Benito Mussolini|captured and shot]] by [[Italian Resistance Movement|partisans]] in [[Giulino]], near [[Lake Como]]. Their bodies were taken to Milan and hung upside down from the roof of an [[Esso]] [[petrol station]] in the square, located between [[Corso Buenos Aires]] and Viale Andrea Doria. |
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On 29 April 1945, [[National Fascist Party|fascist party]] ''[[gerarca]]'' [[Achille Starace]], who had been living in Milan, was recognized and arrested by government forces. He was turned over to the partisans who tried him and sentenced him to the death penalty. He was taken to the square and shown the body of Mussolini, which he saluted before being executed himself. The body of Starace was subsequently strung up next to Mussolini's. The bodies were photographed as the crowd vented their rage upon them.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://cidc.library.cornell.edu/dof/italy/captioned/hanging.htm | title = Death of the Father-Mussolini & Fascist Italy: the 'infamous' exhibit | publisher = Cornell Institute for Digital Collections | year = 1999 }}</ref> The display of the bodies took place in the same spot where they had displayed the fifteen Milanese civilians whom they had killed in retaliation against partisan activity. |
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==See also== |
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*[[Death of Benito Mussolini]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Districts of Milan}} |
{{Districts of Milan}} |
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[[Category:Piazzas in Milan]] |
[[Category:Piazzas in Milan|Loreto]] |
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Latest revision as of 11:17, 7 December 2024
| Piazza Quindici Martiri | |
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| Location | Milan, Italy |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 45°29′11″N 9°12′58″E / 45.48645°N 9.21615°E |
| Other | |
| Known for | Mussolini's corpse on 29 April 1945 |
Piazzale Loreto is a major city square in Milan, Italy.
Origin
[edit]The name Loreto is also used in a wider sense to refer to the district surrounding the square, which is part of the Zone 2 administrative division, in the northeastern part of the city. The name "Loreto" derives from an old sanctuary that used to be there and that was dedicated to Our Lady of Loreto (a town in the province of Ancona).
Transportation
[edit]The Milan metro Loreto station on line 1 is located partially underneath the square; it is an important transfer station with line 2. The tracks and platforms of this latter line are located, however, underneath nearby Piazza Argentina.
History
[edit]The square, on 10 August 1944, was the scene of the public execution by the German occupation authorities of 15 Milanese civilians handpicked by Theo Saevecke, head of the Gestapo in Milan, as a reprisal for a partisan attack on a German military convoy. The executed were left on display for a number of days.[1] The event became known as the "massacre of piazzale Loreto" and the executed as "martyrs of piazzale Loreto." In the aftermath of that event, Mussolini is said to have prophetically remarked "for the blood of Piazzale Loreto, we shall pay dearly".[2] The square, for a time, had been renamed Piazza Quindici Martiri in honour of the executed.[3][4]
Subsequently, Piazzale Loreto was the scene of one of the best-known events in the modern history of Italy, namely the public display of Benito Mussolini's corpse on 29 April 1945. The day before, Mussolini, his mistress Clara Petacci and some other high-ranking Fascists had been captured and shot by partisans in Giulino, near Lake Como. Their bodies were taken to Milan and hung upside down from the roof of an Esso petrol station in the square, located between Corso Buenos Aires and Viale Andrea Doria.
On 29 April 1945, fascist party gerarca Achille Starace, who had been living in Milan, was recognized and arrested by government forces. He was turned over to the partisans who tried him and sentenced him to the death penalty. He was taken to the square and shown the body of Mussolini, which he saluted before being executed himself. The body of Starace was subsequently strung up next to Mussolini's. The bodies were photographed as the crowd vented their rage upon them.[5] The display of the bodies took place in the same spot where they had displayed the fifteen Milanese civilians whom they had killed in retaliation against partisan activity.
After the war, the design of the square was changed to accommodate increasing road traffic in the city.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Mailand" (in German). Gedenkorte Europa 1939–1945. Retrieved 11 September 2018.
- ^ Bosworth, R. J. B. (2014). Mussolini. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 332–333. ISBN 978-1-84966-444-8.
- ^ Time magazine, 7 May 1945
- ^ De Paolis, Daniele (10 December 2006). "10 agosto 1944: i 15 martiri di piazzale Loreto" [10 August 1944: The 15 martyrs of Loreto square]. Patria Indipendente (in Italian). Retrieved 27 April 2021.
- ^ "Death of the Father-Mussolini & Fascist Italy: the 'infamous' exhibit". Cornell Institute for Digital Collections. 1999.
