Soko J-20 Kraguj: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Military aircraft in the Yugoslav Air Force}} |
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{{more footnotes|date=February 2013}} |
{{more footnotes|date=February 2013}} |
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{{Distinguish|Chengdu J-20}} |
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{{Infobox aircraft |
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|name = J-20 Kraguj |
|name = J-20 Kraguj |
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|image = File:Soko J-20 Kraguj.jpg |
|image = File:Soko J-20 Kraguj.jpg |
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|caption = J-20 Kraguj in private collection with Yugoslav marks at a local airshow in Serbia, 2009. |
|caption = J-20 Kraguj in private collection with Yugoslav marks at a local airshow in Serbia, 2009. |
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|type = [[Counter-insurgency aircraft|COIN aircraft]] |
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}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type |
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|type = [[Counter-insurgency aircraft|COIN]] |
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|manufacturer = [[SOKO]] |
|manufacturer = [[SOKO]] |
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|design_group = [[Aeronautical Technical Institute]] |
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|first_flight = 21 November [[1962 in aviation|1962]] |
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|introduction = 1964 |
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|retired = |
|retired = |
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|status = Retired in 1989 |
|status = Retired in 1989 |
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|primary_user = [[SFR Yugoslav Air Force|Yugoslav Air Force]] (1967–1989) |
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|more_users = |
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|produced = |
|produced = 1964–1977 |
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|number_built = 43 |
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|unit cost = |
|unit cost = |
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|variants |
|variants = |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Soko J-20 Kraguj''' ( |
The '''Soko J-20 Kraguj''' (from {{langx|sr|крагуј|translation=sparrowhawk}}) is a light military, single-engine, low-wing single-seat aircraft with a metal airframe, capable of performing [[close air support]], [[Counter-insurgency aircraft|counterinsurgency]] (COIN), and [[aerial reconnaissance|reconnaissance]] missions, that was designed by [[Aeronautical Technical Institute|VTI]] and manufactured by [[SOKO]] of Yugoslavia, first flown in 1962. |
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==Design== |
==Design== |
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===Armament=== |
===Armament=== |
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Permanent armament comprises two wing-mounted 7.7 mm Colt–Browning Mk |
Permanent armament comprises two wing-mounted [[M1919_Browning_machine_gun#Browning .303 Mark II|7.7 mm Colt–Browning Mk II machine guns]] with 650 rounds each and a collimator sight in the cockpit. For combat missions there is a capacity for an external load of bombs and two 57 mm and two 128 mm (HVAR-5) air-to-ground rocket launchers. Adapters on the underwing pylons can be used to switch the armament configuration from free-fall bombs to multi-tube launchers with twelve 57 mm air-to-ground rockets. Cluster, bombs, cargo bombs, and 128 mm air-to-ground rockets can be fitted. |
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==Operation== |
==Operation== |
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Drawing on the nation's experience in WWII, Yugoslav military planners assumed that any potential aggressor would disable airfields early in the conflict. The Kraguj was therefore intended to provide a limited [[aerial reconnaissance|reconnaissance]]-gathering and strike capability to guerilla and insurgent groups in the event of the neutralization of the Yugoslav Air Force, and was referred to as a "Partisan aircraft". It was designed to operate from short, unprepared auxiliary airfields, especially in mountainous regions, and could be fitted with skis. In addition to its primary role as a ground support platform, it was also used as a trainer, both for basic visual day/night flight and for more advanced ground attack training. |
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The aircraft was specially designed for low-altitude missions against day and night visible ground targets in a broad area. It was readily available to be loaded with weapons and supplied through a flexible system of auxiliary airfields that required no special preparations, especially in mountainous regions. Yugoslav military planners assumed that potential aggressor will first disable airfields. Therefore, J-20 Kraguj was designed to take-off from short unprepared runways, even ones covered in deep snow when fitted with skis. It was also called a "Partisan aircraft".{{cn|date=March 2016}} |
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==Former operators== |
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The Kraguj P-2 was intended for close ground force support, and could be used for training of pilots in visual day/night flights, aiming, missile firing and bombing of ground targets. |
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==Operators== |
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[[File:BAM-49-Soko J-20 Kraguj.jpg|thumb|Yugoslavian J-20 Kraguj on display in the [[Museum of Aviation (Belgrade)|Museum of Aviation]] in [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]] ]] |
[[File:BAM-49-Soko J-20 Kraguj.jpg|thumb|Yugoslavian J-20 Kraguj on display in the [[Museum of Aviation (Belgrade)|Museum of Aviation]] in [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]] ]] |
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;{{CRO}} |
;{{CRO}} |
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*[[Croatian Air Force]] |
*[[Croatian Air Force]] |
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;{{flag|Republika Srpska}} |
;{{flag|Republika Srpska}} |
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*[[Republika Srpska Air Force]] |
*[[Republika Srpska Air Force]] |
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;{{YUG}} |
;{{YUG}} |
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*[[SFR Yugoslav Air Force]] |
*[[SFR Yugoslav Air Force]] |
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==Specifications (J-20)== |
==Specifications (J-20)== |
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{{aircraft specifications |
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{{Aircraft specs |
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|plane or copter?=plane |
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|jet or prop?=prop |
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|ref=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1969-70 <ref name="Janes 69p506">J W R Taylor 1969, p.506.</ref> |
|ref=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1969-70 <ref name="Janes 69p506">J W R Taylor 1969, p.506.</ref> |
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|prime units?=met |
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<!-- |
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General characteristics |
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--> |
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|crew=1 |
|crew=1 |
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|length m=7.93 |
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|capacity= |
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|length note= |
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|span m=10.64 |
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|payload alt= |
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|span note= |
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|length main= 7.93 m |
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|height m=3.00 |
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|length alt= 26 ft 0¼ in |
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|height note= |
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|span main= 10.64 m |
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|wing area sqm=17.0 |
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|span alt= 34 ft 11 in |
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|wing area note= |
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|height main= 3.00 m |
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|aspect ratio=6:1 |
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|height alt= 9 ft 10in |
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|airfoil=[[NACA airfoil|NACA 4415]] |
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|area main= 17.0 m² |
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|empty weight kg=1130 |
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|area alt=183 ft² |
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|empty weight note= |
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|airfoil=NACA 4415 |
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|gross weight kg= |
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|gross weight note= |
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|max takeoff weight kg=1624 |
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|max takeoff weight note= |
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|fuel capacity={{convert|240|L|impgal USgal|abbr=on}} |
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|useful load main= |
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|useful load alt= |
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|max takeoff weight main= 1624 kg |
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|max takeoff weight alt= 3,580 lb |
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|more general= |
|more general= |
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<!-- |
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|engine (prop)= [[Lycoming O-480|Lycoming GSO-480]]-B1A6 |
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Powerplant |
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|type of prop=6-cylinder air cooled horizontally opposed |
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--> |
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|number of props=1 |
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|eng1 number=1 |
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|power main= 254 kW |
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|eng1 name=[[Lycoming GSO-480]]-B1A6 |
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|power alt= 340 hp |
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|eng1 type=6-cylinder air-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engine |
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|power original= |
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|eng1 hp=340 |
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|max speed main=295 km/h |
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|eng1 note= |
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|max speed alt=159 knots, 183 mph |
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|max speed more=at 1,500 m (5,000 ft) |
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|cruise speed main= 280 km/h |
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|prop blade number=3 |
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|cruise speed alt=151 knots, 174 mph |
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|prop name=Hartzell HC-B3Z20-1 constant-speed propeller |
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|stall speed main= 88 km/h |
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|prop dia m=2.44<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|stall speed alt=48 knots 55 mph |
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|prop dia note= |
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|never exceed speed main= |
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|never exceed speed alt= |
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<!-- |
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|range main= 800 km |
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Performance |
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|range alt=475 NM, 500 mi |
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--> |
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|ceiling alt= 26,250 ft |
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|max speed kmh=295 |
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|climb rate alt= 1,575 ft/min |
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|max speed note=at {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
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|loading main= |
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|cruise speed kmh=280 |
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|loading alt= |
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|cruise speed note=at {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
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|thrust/weight= |
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|stall speed kmh=88 |
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|power/mass main= |
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|stall speed note=(flaps down) |
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|power/mass alt= |
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|never exceed speed kmh= |
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|never exceed speed note= |
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|range km=800 |
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|range note= |
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|combat range km= |
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|combat range note= |
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|ferry range km= |
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|ferry range note= |
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|endurance=<!-- if range unknown --> |
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|ceiling ft= |
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|ceiling note= |
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|g limits=<!-- aerobatic --> |
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|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic --> |
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|climb rate ftmin=1575 |
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|climb rate note= |
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|time to altitude= |
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|wing loading kg/m2= |
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|wing loading note= |
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|fuel consumption kg/km= |
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|power/mass= |
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|more performance= |
|more performance= |
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*'''Take-off run to 15 m (50 ft):''' {{convert|189|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
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|guns=2 × 7.7 mm Colt–Browning Mk.II machine guns (650 rounds each) |
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*'''Landing run from 15 m (50 ft)::''' {{convert|324|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
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|bombs=2 × 100 kg (220 lb) bombs |
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<!-- |
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|rockets= 2 × 12 round rocket pack '''or''' 6 × 57 mm or 127 mm rocket |
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Armament |
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--> |
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|guns=2 × 7.7 mm Colt–Browning Mk.II machine guns (650 rounds each) |
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|bombs=2 × 100 kg (220 lb) bombs |
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|rockets= 2 × 12 round rocket pack '''or''' 6 × 57 mm or 127 mm rocket |
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|avionics= |
|avionics= |
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}} |
}} |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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* Taylor,John W.R. (editor). ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft |
* Taylor, John W. R. (editor). ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1969–70''. London: Sampson Low, 1969. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{SOKO aircraft}} |
{{SOKO aircraft}} |
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{{Military Technical Institute Belgrade}} |
{{Military Technical Institute Belgrade}} |
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{{YAF aircraft}} |
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[[Category:Yugoslav attack aircraft |
[[Category:1960s Yugoslav attack aircraft]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Counter-insurgency aircraft]] |
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[[Category:1960s Yugoslav military trainer aircraft]] |
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[[Category:Soko aircraft|J-020 Kraguj]] |
[[Category:Soko aircraft|J-020 Kraguj]] |
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[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]] |
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]] |
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| Line 135: | Line 162: | ||
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1962]] |
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1962]] |
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[[Category:Military Technical Institute Belgrade]] |
[[Category:Military Technical Institute Belgrade]] |
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[[Category:Single-engined piston aircraft]] |
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[[Category:Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear]] |
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Latest revision as of 12:34, 7 December 2024
 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (February 2013) |
| J-20 Kraguj | |
|---|---|
 J-20 Kraguj in private collection with Yugoslav marks at a local airshow in Serbia, 2009. | |
| General information | |
| Type | COIN aircraft |
| Manufacturer | SOKO |
| Designer | Aeronautical Technical Institute |
| Status | Retired in 1989 |
| Primary user | Yugoslav Air Force (1967–1989) |
| Number built | 43 |
| History | |
| Manufactured | 1964–1977 |
| Introduction date | 1964 |
| First flight | 21 November 1962 |
The Soko J-20 Kraguj (from Serbian: крагуј, lit. 'sparrowhawk') is a light military, single-engine, low-wing single-seat aircraft with a metal airframe, capable of performing close air support, counterinsurgency (COIN), and reconnaissance missions, that was designed by VTI and manufactured by SOKO of Yugoslavia, first flown in 1962.
Design
[edit]It is of classic semi-monocoque, metal structure with a slightly tapered wing. The pilot is accommodated in an enclosed, heated and ventilated cockpit with adjustable seats. The cockpit canopy slides backwards to open. The landing gear is non-retractable with a tail wheel. Rubber dampers provide shock absorption, and hydraulic brakes are used for wheel braking.
The power plant comprises one 340 hp Textron Lycoming GSO-480-B1J6 piston engine and Hartzell HC-B3Z20-1/10151C-5 three-blade metal variable-pitch propeller. The engine cooling airflow is intensified by means of two specially designed ejectors. 36 US Gal of fuel contained in two rubber tanks enables a flight range of 350 NM for the fully armed configuration of the aircraft. 28 V DC electric power is supplied from a 1,5 kW generator and a storage battery. De-fogging and de-icing of the windshield is done by blowing of hot air.
Armament
[edit]Permanent armament comprises two wing-mounted 7.7 mm Colt–Browning Mk II machine guns with 650 rounds each and a collimator sight in the cockpit. For combat missions there is a capacity for an external load of bombs and two 57 mm and two 128 mm (HVAR-5) air-to-ground rocket launchers. Adapters on the underwing pylons can be used to switch the armament configuration from free-fall bombs to multi-tube launchers with twelve 57 mm air-to-ground rockets. Cluster, bombs, cargo bombs, and 128 mm air-to-ground rockets can be fitted.
Operation
[edit]Drawing on the nation's experience in WWII, Yugoslav military planners assumed that any potential aggressor would disable airfields early in the conflict. The Kraguj was therefore intended to provide a limited reconnaissance-gathering and strike capability to guerilla and insurgent groups in the event of the neutralization of the Yugoslav Air Force, and was referred to as a "Partisan aircraft". It was designed to operate from short, unprepared auxiliary airfields, especially in mountainous regions, and could be fitted with skis. In addition to its primary role as a ground support platform, it was also used as a trainer, both for basic visual day/night flight and for more advanced ground attack training.
Former operators
[edit]
Specifications (J-20)
[edit]Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1969-70 [1]
General characteristics
- Crew: 1
- Length: 7.93 m (26 ft 0 in)
- Wingspan: 10.64 m (34 ft 11 in)
- Height: 3.00 m (9 ft 10 in)
- Wing area: 17.0 m2 (183 sq ft)
- Aspect ratio: 6:1
- Airfoil: NACA 4415
- Empty weight: 1,130 kg (2,491 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 1,624 kg (3,580 lb)
- Fuel capacity: 240 L (53 imp gal; 63 US gal)
- Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming GSO-480-B1A6 6-cylinder air-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engine, 250 kW (340 hp)
- Propellers: 3-bladed Hartzell HC-B3Z20-1 constant-speed propeller, 2.44 m (8 ft 0 in) diameter
Performance
- Maximum speed: 295 km/h (183 mph, 159 kn) at 1,500 m (4,900 ft)
- Cruise speed: 280 km/h (170 mph, 150 kn) at 1,500 m (4,900 ft)
- Stall speed: 88 km/h (55 mph, 48 kn) (flaps down)
- Range: 800 km (500 mi, 430 nmi)
- Rate of climb: 8.00 m/s (1,575 ft/min)
- Take-off run to 15 m (50 ft): 189 m (620 ft)
- Landing run from 15 m (50 ft):: 324 m (1,063 ft)
Armament
- Guns: 2 × 7.7 mm Colt–Browning Mk.II machine guns (650 rounds each)
- Rockets: 2 × 12 round rocket pack or 6 × 57 mm or 127 mm rocket
- Bombs: 2 × 100 kg (220 lb) bombs
See also
[edit]Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
References
[edit]- ^ J W R Taylor 1969, p.506.
- Taylor, John W. R. (editor). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1969–70. London: Sampson Low, 1969.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Soko J-20 Kraguj.
