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{{Short description|Maldivian texts in the form of copper plates}}
[[File:Loamaafaanu.jpg|thumb|right|[[Isdhoo (Laamu Atoll)|Isdhoo]] Lōmāfānu is the oldest copper-plate book to have been discovered in the Maldives to date. The book was written in AD 1194 (590 AH) in the Evēla form of the [[Dhivehi Writing Systems|Divehi akuru]], during the reign of [[Dhinei of the Maldives|Siri Fennaadheettha Mahaa Radun (Dhinei Kalaminja)]].
[[File:Loamaafaanu.jpg|thumb|right|[[Isdhoo (Laamu Atoll)|Isdhoo]] Loamaafaanu is the oldest copper-plate book to have been discovered in the Maldives to date. The book was written in AD&nbsp;1194 (590&nbsp;AH) in the Eveela form of the [[Dhivehi Writing Systems|Divehi akuru]], during the reign of Sri Gaganaaditya<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gippert |first=Jost |date=2003 |title=A Glimpse Into the Buddhist Past of the Maldives I. An Early Prakrit Inscription |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24007966?read-now=1&seq=2#page_scan_tab_contents |journal=Vienna Journal of South Asian Studies |page=82 }}</ref>
]]
]]


'''Lōmāfānu''' (or '''loamanfaanu''') are [[Maldives|Maldivian]] texts in the form of copper plates on which inscriptions have been added. Many [[History of the Maldives|new Maldivian]] historical texts are found only in lōmāfānu form, with the oldest of the plates dating from the twelfth century AD. The [[Dhivehi writing systems|Divehi]] script used on the plates was named "eveyla akuru" by [[H. C. P. Bell]], who claimed that it resembled medieval [[Sinhala alphabet|Sinhala]] script.
'''Loamaafaanu''' are [[Maldives|Maldivian]] [[Waqf|waqf grants]] in the form of copper plates on which inscriptions have been engraved. Many [[History of the Maldives|ancient Maldivian]] historical texts are found only in loamaafaanu form, with the oldest of the plates dating from the twelfth century AD. The [[Dhivehi writing systems|Divehi]] script used on the plates was named "[[Eveyla Akuru]]" by [[Harry Charles Purvis Bell|H. C. P. Bell]], who claimed that it resembled medieval [[Sinhala script]].<ref>Disanayake, J.B., and G.W. Wijayawardhana. “Some Observations on the Maldivian Loamaafaanu Coper Plates if the Twelfth Century.” ''Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Sri Lanka Branch'' 31 (1986): 62–71, {{jstor|23731037}}</ref>


According to the Isdū Lōmāfānu, monks from monasteries of the southern atoll of Haddhunmathi were brought to Malé and beheaded. Besides the lōmāfānu plates found in [[Haddhunmathi Atoll]], one of the most important Maldivian copper plates is the '''Bodugalu Miskiy Lōmāfānu''' found in [[Malé]].
According to the Isdhoo Loamaafaanu and Gamu Loamaafaanu, monks from monasteries of the southern atoll of [[Haddhunmathi Atoll|Haddhunmathi]] were brought to Malé and beheaded. Beside lōmāfānu plates found in Haddhunmathi Atoll, one of the most important Maldivian copper plates is the Bodugalu Miskiy Loamaafanu found in [[Malé]].

== List of Loamaafaanu ==

=== Laamu Atoll ===

* Isdhoo Loamaafaanu (1194 CE)
* Gamu Loamaafaanu (1194/1195 CE)
* Dhanbidhoo Loamaafaanu (1196/1197 CE)

=== Dhaalu Atoll ===
* Kudahuvadhoo Loamaafaanu (1237/1238 CE)

=== Kaafu Atoll ===
* Bodugalu Miskiyy Loamaafaanu (1356)

== List of islands mentioned in the Loamaafaanu ==
Below is a table of islands that have been mentioned in the Loamaafaanu
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Island Name in the Lōmāfānu
!Island Name
!Geographic Atoll
!Atoll Code
!Inhabited?
!Mentioned In
|-
|Maaranduvi
|[[Maarandhoo (Haa Alif Atoll)|Maarandhoo]]
|[[Haa Alif Atoll|Thiladunmmathi Uthuruburi]]
|[[Haa Alif Atoll|Haa Alif]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Nelhivarami
|[[Nolhivaram (Haa Dhaalu Atoll)|Nolhivaram]]
|[[Haa Dhaalu Atoll|Thiladunmmathi Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Haa Dhaalu Atoll|Haa Dhaalu]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Komandu
|[[Komandoo (Shaviyani Atoll)|Komandoo]]
|[[Shaviyani Atoll|Miladhunmadulu Uthuruburi]]
|[[Shaviyani Atoll|Shaviyani]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
| -
|Neyo
|[[Shaviyani Atoll|Miladhunmadulu Uthuruburi]]
|[[Shaviyani Atoll|Shaviyani]]
|No
|Kudahuvadhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Ihavanduvi
|Unknown Island
|Miladhunmadulu
|?
|?
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Putivelavaru
|Fushivelavaru
|[[Noonu Atoll|Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Noonu]]
|No
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Vanduvi
|[[Landhoo (Noonu Atoll)|Landhoo]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Noonu]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Keduvivaru
|Kedhivaru
|[[Noonu Atoll|Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Noonu]]
|No
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Kedikelhu
|[[Kendhikolhudhoo (Noonu Atoll)|Kendhikulhudhoo]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Noonu]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Manaduvi
|[[Manadhoo]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Noonu]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Vaothi
|Vavathi
|[[Noonu Atoll|Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Noonu Atoll|Noonu]]
|No
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Maakurathu
|[[Maakurathu (Raa Atoll)|Maakurathu]]
|[[Raa Atoll|Maalhosmadulu Uthuruburi]]
|[[Raa Atoll|Raa]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Kunaameeduu
|[[Meedhoo (Raa Atoll)|Meedhoo]]
|[[Raa Atoll|Maalhosmadulu Uthuruburi]]
|[[Raa Atoll|Raa]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Dakanduvi
|[[Dhakendhoo]]
|[[Baa Atoll|Maalhosmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Baa Atoll|Baa]]
|No
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Kisaaduu
|[[Kihaadhoo]]
|[[Baa Atoll|Maalhosmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Baa Atoll|Baa]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|-
|Goiduvi
|[[Goidhoo (Baa Atoll)|Goidhoo]]
|[[Baa Atoll|Maalhosmadulu Dhekunuburi]]
|[[Baa Atoll|Baa]]
|Yes
|Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Dhivehi writing systems]]
*[[Dhivehi writing systems]]
*[[Indian copper plate inscriptions]]
*[[Haddhunmathi Atoll]]
*[[Haddhunmathi Atoll]]
*[[Isdhoo (Laamu Atoll)]]
*[[Isdhoo (Laamu Atoll)]]
Line 13: Line 153:


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
*Ali Najeeb, ''Dambidū Lōmāfānu''. Council for Linguistic and Historical Research. Malé 2001.
*Ali Najeeb, ''Dambidū Lōmāfānu''. Council for Linguistic and Historical Research. Malé 2001.
*[[HCP Bell]], ''The Maldive islands. Monograph on the History, Archaeology and Epigraphy''. Reprint 1940 edn. Malé 1986.
*[[HCP Bell]], ''The Maldive islands. Monograph on the History, Archaeology and Epigraphy''. Reprint 1940 edn. Malé 1986.
Line 18: Line 161:
*H.A. Maniku & G.D. Wijayawardhana, ''Isdhoo Loamaafaanu'', Colombo 1986.
*H.A. Maniku & G.D. Wijayawardhana, ''Isdhoo Loamaafaanu'', Colombo 1986.
*[[Xavier Romero-Frias|Romero-Frias, Xavier]]. ''The Maldive Islanders, A Study of the Popular Culture of an Ancient Ocean Kingdom''. Barcelona 1999.
*[[Xavier Romero-Frias|Romero-Frias, Xavier]]. ''The Maldive Islanders, A Study of the Popular Culture of an Ancient Ocean Kingdom''. Barcelona 1999.
*https://dhivehiacademy.edu.mv/18299. ''Kudahuvadhoo Loamafaanu Translation, Dhivehi Academy''


{{DEFAULTSORT:Lomafanu}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lomafanu}}
[[Category:History of the Maldives]]
[[Category:History of the Maldives]]
[[Category:Texts in Maldivian language]]
[[Category:Medieval texts]]




{{Maldives-stub}}hibban
{{Maldives-stub}}

Latest revision as of 22:54, 7 December 2024

Isdhoo Loamaafaanu is the oldest copper-plate book to have been discovered in the Maldives to date. The book was written in AD 1194 (590 AH) in the Eveela form of the Divehi akuru, during the reign of Sri Gaganaaditya[1]

Loamaafaanu are Maldivian waqf grants in the form of copper plates on which inscriptions have been engraved. Many ancient Maldivian historical texts are found only in loamaafaanu form, with the oldest of the plates dating from the twelfth century AD. The Divehi script used on the plates was named "Eveyla Akuru" by H. C. P. Bell, who claimed that it resembled medieval Sinhala script.[2]

According to the Isdhoo Loamaafaanu and Gamu Loamaafaanu, monks from monasteries of the southern atoll of Haddhunmathi were brought to Malé and beheaded. Beside lōmāfānu plates found in Haddhunmathi Atoll, one of the most important Maldivian copper plates is the Bodugalu Miskiy Loamaafanu found in Malé.

List of Loamaafaanu

[edit]

Laamu Atoll

[edit]
  • Isdhoo Loamaafaanu (1194 CE)
  • Gamu Loamaafaanu (1194/1195 CE)
  • Dhanbidhoo Loamaafaanu (1196/1197 CE)

Dhaalu Atoll

[edit]
  • Kudahuvadhoo Loamaafaanu (1237/1238 CE)

Kaafu Atoll

[edit]
  • Bodugalu Miskiyy Loamaafaanu (1356)

List of islands mentioned in the Loamaafaanu

[edit]

Below is a table of islands that have been mentioned in the Loamaafaanu

Island Name in the Lōmāfānu Island Name Geographic Atoll Atoll Code Inhabited? Mentioned In
Maaranduvi Maarandhoo Thiladunmmathi Uthuruburi Haa Alif Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Nelhivarami Nolhivaram Thiladunmmathi Dhekunuburi Haa Dhaalu Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Komandu Komandoo Miladhunmadulu Uthuruburi Shaviyani Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
- Neyo Miladhunmadulu Uthuruburi Shaviyani No Kudahuvadhoo Loamaafaanu
Ihavanduvi Unknown Island Miladhunmadulu ? ? Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Putivelavaru Fushivelavaru Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi Noonu No Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Vanduvi Landhoo Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi Noonu Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Keduvivaru Kedhivaru Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi Noonu No Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Kedikelhu Kendhikulhudhoo Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi Noonu Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Manaduvi Manadhoo Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi Noonu Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Vaothi Vavathi Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi Noonu No Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Maakurathu Maakurathu Maalhosmadulu Uthuruburi Raa Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Kunaameeduu Meedhoo Maalhosmadulu Uthuruburi Raa Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Dakanduvi Dhakendhoo Maalhosmadulu Dhekunuburi Baa No Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Kisaaduu Kihaadhoo Maalhosmadulu Dhekunuburi Baa Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu
Goiduvi Goidhoo Maalhosmadulu Dhekunuburi Baa Yes Isdhoo Loamaafaanu

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Gippert, Jost (2003). "A Glimpse Into the Buddhist Past of the Maldives I. An Early Prakrit Inscription". Vienna Journal of South Asian Studies: 82.
  2. ^ Disanayake, J.B., and G.W. Wijayawardhana. “Some Observations on the Maldivian Loamaafaanu Coper Plates if the Twelfth Century.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Sri Lanka Branch 31 (1986): 62–71, JSTOR 23731037

Sources

[edit]
  • Ali Najeeb, Dambidū Lōmāfānu. Council for Linguistic and Historical Research. Malé 2001.
  • HCP Bell, The Maldive islands. Monograph on the History, Archaeology and Epigraphy. Reprint 1940 edn. Malé 1986.
  • Bodufenvahuge Sidi. Divehi Akuru; Evvana Bai. Malé 1958.
  • H.A. Maniku & G.D. Wijayawardhana, Isdhoo Loamaafaanu, Colombo 1986.
  • Romero-Frias, Xavier. The Maldive Islanders, A Study of the Popular Culture of an Ancient Ocean Kingdom. Barcelona 1999.
  • https://dhivehiacademy.edu.mv/18299. Kudahuvadhoo Loamafaanu Translation, Dhivehi Academy


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