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{{short description|Set of software subsystems or components needed to create a complete platform}}
{{short description|Set of software subsystems or components needed to create a complete platform}}
{{Redirects|Software stack||Stack (disambiguation)#Computing}}
{{Redirects|Software stack||Stack (disambiguation)#Computing{{!}}Stack § Computing}}


In [[computing]], a '''solution stack''' or '''software stack''' is a set of [[software]] subsystems or components needed to create a complete [[Computing platform|platform]] such that no additional software is needed to support applications.<ref name="CDESolution15">{{cite web |url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Solution+stack |title=Solution stack |work=Computer Desktop Encyclopedia |publisher=The Computer Language Company |year=2015 |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref> Applications are said to "run on" or "run on top of" the resulting platform.
In [[computing]], a '''solution stack''' or '''software stack''' is a set of [[software]] subsystems or components needed to create a complete [[Computing platform|platform]] such that no additional software is needed to support applications.<ref name="CDESolution15">{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Solution+stack |title=Solution stack |encyclopedia=Computer Desktop Encyclopedia |publisher=The Computer Language Company |year=2015 |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref> Applications are said to "run on" or "run on top of" the resulting platform.


For example, to develop a [[web application]] the architect defines the stack as the target [[operating system]], [[web server]], [[database]], and [[programming language]]. Another version of a software stack is operating system, [[middleware]], database, and applications.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://searchenterpriselinux.techtarget.com/news/interview/0,289202,sid39_gci880604,00.html|title=Red Hat: Linux served at vertical data center dinner tables|last=Mimoso|first=Michael S.|date=24 February 2003|work=SearchEnterpriseLinux.com|access-date=2009-08-09}}</ref> Regularly, the components of a software stack are developed by different developers independently from one another.
For example, to develop a [[web application]], the architect defines the stack as the target [[operating system]], [[web server]], [[database]], and [[programming language]]. Another version of a software stack is operating system, [[middleware]], database, and applications.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://searchenterpriselinux.techtarget.com/news/interview/0,289202,sid39_gci880604,00.html|title=Red Hat: Linux served at vertical data center dinner tables|last=Mimoso|first=Michael S.|date=24 February 2003|work=SearchEnterpriseLinux.com|access-date=2009-08-09}}</ref> Regularly, the components of a software stack are developed by different developers independently from one another.


Some components/subsystems of an overall system are chosen together often enough that the particular set is referred to by a name representing the whole, rather than by naming the parts. Typically, the name is an [[acronym]] representing the individual components.<ref name="BealAcronym07">{{cite web |url=https://www.webopedia.com/quick_ref/webstack_acronyms.asp |title=Acronym Guide to Web Stacks |author=Beal, V. |work=Webopedia |publisher=Quinstreet, Inc |date=7 September 2007 |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
Some components/subsystems of an overall system are chosen together often enough that the particular set is referred to by a name representing the whole, rather than by naming the parts. Typically, the name is an [[acronym]] representing the individual components.<ref name="BealAcronym07">{{cite web |url=https://www.webopedia.com/quick_ref/webstack_acronyms.asp |title=Acronym Guide to Web Stacks |author=Beal, V. |work=Webopedia |publisher=Quinstreet, Inc |date=7 September 2007 |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
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The term "solution stack" has, historically, occasionally included hardware components as part of a final product, mixing both the hardware and software in layers of support.<ref name="FergusonSpecial02">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d4n0ZGQYQL8C&pg=PA616 |title=Using Microsoft SharePoint Portal Server |author=Ferguson, R. |publisher=Que Publishing |page=616 |year=2002 |isbn=9780789725707}}</ref><ref name="AndersonSAP03">{{cite book |title=SAP Planning: Best Practices in Implementation |author=Anderson, G.W. |publisher=Sams |page=13 |year=2003 |isbn=9780789728753}}</ref>
The term "solution stack" has, historically, occasionally included hardware components as part of a final product, mixing both the hardware and software in layers of support.<ref name="FergusonSpecial02">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d4n0ZGQYQL8C&pg=PA616 |title=Using Microsoft SharePoint Portal Server |author=Ferguson, R. |publisher=Que Publishing |page=616 |year=2002 |isbn=9780789725707}}</ref><ref name="AndersonSAP03">{{cite book |title=SAP Planning: Best Practices in Implementation |author=Anderson, G.W. |publisher=Sams |page=13 |year=2003 |isbn=9780789728753}}</ref>


A '''[https://funloby.com/full-stack-developer/ full-stack developer]''' is expected to be able to work in all the layers of the stack. A full-stack web developer can be defined by some as a developer or engineer who works with both the front and back ends of a website or application. This means they can lead platform builds that involve databases, user-facing websites, and working with clients during the planning phase of projects.
A '''full-stack developer''' is expected to be able to work in all the layers of the application ([[front-end and back-end]]). A full-stack developer can be defined as a [[Programmer|developer]] or an engineer who works with both the front and back end development of a website, web application or desktop application.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Amir |first=Masroor |title=Full Stack Developer - Complete Roadmap {{!}} Technologies in 2023 |url=https://www.thegeeksbot.com/2023/03/full-stack-developer-complete-roadmap.html |access-date=2023-04-27 |website=The Geeks Bot {{!}} A Computer Science Site for geeks |language=en}}</ref> This means they can lead platform builds that involve databases, user-facing websites, and working with clients during the planning phase of projects.


== Examples ==
== Examples ==
=== OS-level stacks ===
; BCHS:<ref name="DzonsonsBCHS">{{cite web |url=http://www.learnbchs.org/ |title=BCHS Stack |author=Dzonsons, K. |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
; BCHS<ref name="DzonsonsBCHS">{{cite web |url=http://www.learnbchs.org/ |title=BCHS Stack |author=Dzonsons, K. |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[OpenBSD]] (operating system)
: [[OpenBSD]] (operating system)
: [[C (programming language)|C]] (programming language)
: [[C (programming language)|C]] (programming language)
: [[OpenBSD#Component projects|httpd]] (web server)
: [[OpenBSD#Subprojects|httpd]] (web server)
: [[SQLite]] (database)
: [[SQLite]] (database)


; ELK:<ref name="ChhajedLearning15">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EfqoCwAAQBAJ&&pg=PA1 |chapter=Chapter 1: Introduction to ELK Stack |title=Learning ELK Stack |author=Chhajed, S. |publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd |pages=1–22 |year=2015 |isbn=9781785886706}}</ref>
; Ganeti<ref name="GanetiInstall">{{cite web |url=http://docs.ganeti.org/ganeti/master/html/install.html |title=Ganeti installation tutorial |work=Ganeti Documentation |publisher=Google, Inc |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Elasticsearch]] ([[search engine]])
: [[Logstash]] (event and [[log management]] tool)
: [[Kibana]] ([[data visualization]])

; Ganeti:<ref name="GanetiInstall">{{cite web |url=http://docs.ganeti.org/ganeti/master/html/install.html |title=Ganeti installation tutorial |work=Ganeti Documentation |publisher=Google, Inc |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Xen]] or [[Kernel-based Virtual Machine|KVM]] ([[hypervisor]])
: [[Xen]] or [[Kernel-based Virtual Machine|KVM]] ([[hypervisor]])
: [[Linux]] with [[Logical Volume Manager (Linux)|LVM]] (mass-storage device management)
: [[Linux]] with [[Logical Volume Manager (Linux)|LVM]] (mass-storage device management)
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: [[Ganeti Web Manager]] (web interface)
: [[Ganeti Web Manager]] (web interface)


; GLASS:<ref name="GlynnABegin15">{{cite web |url=https://kalountos.wordpress.com/2015/06/03/a-beginners-guide-to-installing-and-configuring-glass-gemstone-64s-smalltalk-seaside-application-server-object-database-server-environment/ |title=A Beginners' Guide to Installing and Configuring GLASS: Gemstone 64/S Smalltalk / Seaside / Application Server / Object Database Server Environment |author=Glynn, A. |work=Horizons of Identity |date=3 June 2015 |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
; GLASS<ref name="GlynnABegin15">{{cite web |url=https://kalountos.wordpress.com/2015/06/03/a-beginners-guide-to-installing-and-configuring-glass-gemstone-64s-smalltalk-seaside-application-server-object-database-server-environment/ |title=A Beginners' Guide to Installing and Configuring GLASS: Gemstone 64/S Smalltalk / Seaside / Application Server / Object Database Server Environment |author=Glynn, A. |work=Horizons of Identity |date=3 June 2015 |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Gemstone (database)|GemStone]] (database and application server)
: [[Gemstone (database)|GemStone]] (database and application server)
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
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: [[Seaside web framework|Seaside]] (web framework)
: [[Seaside web framework|Seaside]] (web framework)


; [[GRANDstack]]:<ref name="GrandStack">{{cite web |url=https://grandstack.io/ |title=GRANDStack |access-date=24 Dec 2019}}</ref>
; [[LAMP (software bundle)|LAMP]]<ref name="FramptonComplete18">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8FHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 |title=Complete Guide to Open Source Big Data Stack |author=Frampton, M. |publisher=Apress |page=7 |year=2018 |isbn=9781484221495}}</ref>
: [[GraphQL]] (data query and manipulation language)
: [[React (web framework)|React]] (web application presentation)
: [[Apollo]] (Data Graph Platform)
: [[Neo4j]] ([[database management system]]s)

; [[Jamstack]]:<ref name="Jamstack">{{cite web |url=https://jamstack.org/ |title=JAMstack |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[JavaScript]] (programming language)
: [[API|APIs]] (Application programming interfaces)
: [[Markup language|Markup]] (content)

; [[LAMP (software bundle)|LAMP]]:<ref name="FramptonComplete18">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8FHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 |title=Complete Guide to Open Source Big Data Stack |author=Frampton, M. |publisher=Apress |page=7 |year=2018 |isbn=9781484221495}}</ref>
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
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: [[Perl]], [[PHP]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] ([[scripting language]]s)
: [[Perl]], [[PHP]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] ([[scripting language]]s)


; LAPP:<ref name="RittinghouseCloud17">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jB-9DgAAQBAJ&pg=PT184 |title=Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management, and Security |author1=Rittinghouse, J.W. |author2=Ransome, J.F. |publisher=CRC Press |page=PT184 |year=2017 |isbn=9781351615365}}</ref>
; LEAP<ref name="KaislerObtain15">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ajM_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT69 |title=Obtaining Value from Big Data for Service Delivery |author1=Kaisler, S.H. |author2=Amour, F. |author3=Espinosa, A. |author4=Money, W.H. |publisher=Business Expert Press |page=PT69 |year=2015 |isbn=9781631572234}}</ref>
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
: [[PostgreSQL]] (database management systems)
: [[Perl]], [[PHP]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (scripting languages)

; LEAP:<ref name="KaislerObtain15">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ajM_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT69 |title=Obtaining Value from Big Data for Service Delivery |author1=Kaisler, S.H. |author2=Amour, F. |author3=Espinosa, A. |author4=Money, W.H. |publisher=Business Expert Press |page=PT69 |year=2015 |isbn=9781631572234}}</ref>
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Eucalyptus (software)|Eucalyptus]] (free and open-source alternative to the [[Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud]])
: [[Eucalyptus (software)|Eucalyptus]] (free and open-source alternative to the [[Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud]])
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: [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (programming language)
: [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (programming language)


; LEMP/LNMP:<ref name="LEMPHome">{{cite web |url=https://lemp.io/ |title=LEMP Stack Info |work=LEMP.io |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
; LEMP/LNMP<ref name="LEMPHome">{{cite web |url=https://lemp.io/ |title=LEMP Stack Info |work=LEMP.io |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Nginx]] (web server)
: [[Nginx]] (web server)
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: [[Perl]], [[PHP]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (scripting languages)
: [[Perl]], [[PHP]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (scripting languages)


; LLMP<ref name="JohnstonSetting09">{{cite web |url=http://www.chrisjohnston.org/ubuntu-tutorials/setting-up-a-llmp-stack-linux-lighttpd-mysql-php5-on-ubuntu-810 |title=Setting up a LLMP Stack (Linux, Lighttpd, MySQL, PHP5) on Ubuntu 8.10 |author=Johnston, C. |work=ChrisJohnston.org |date=18 February 2009 |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
; LLMP<ref name="JohnstonSetting09">{{cite web |url=http://www.chrisjohnston.org/ubuntu-tutorials/setting-up-a-llmp-stack-linux-lighttpd-mysql-php5-on-ubuntu-810 |title=Setting up a LLMP Stack (Linux, Lighttpd, MySQL, PHP5) on Ubuntu 8.10 |author=Johnston, C. |work=ChrisJohnston.org |date=18 February 2009 |access-date=6 July 2018 |archive-date=5 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205042248/http://www.chrisjohnston.org/ubuntu-tutorials/setting-up-a-llmp-stack-linux-lighttpd-mysql-php5-on-ubuntu-810 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Lighttpd]] (web server)
: [[Lighttpd]] (web server)
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: [[Perl]], [[PHP]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (scripting languages)
: [[Perl]], [[PHP]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (scripting languages)


; [[LYME (software bundle)|LYME]] and [[LYCE (software bundle)|LYCE]]:<ref name="SamkoughSolution16">{{cite web |url=http://idioknowledge.blogspot.com/2016/07/solution-stack.html |title=Solution Stack |work=Idiosyncratic Knowledge |date=9 July 2016 |access-date=9 July 2016}}</ref>
; [[LYME (software bundle)|LYME]] and [[LYCE (software bundle)|LYCE]]<ref name="SamkoughSolution16">{{cite web |url=http://idioknowledge.blogspot.com/2016/07/solution-stack.html |title=Solution Stack |work=Idiosyncratic Knowledge |date=9 July 2016 |access-date=9 July 2016}}</ref>
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Yaws (web server)|Yaws]] (web server, written in [[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]])
: [[Yaws (web server)|Yaws]] (web server, written in [[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]])
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: [[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]] (functional programming language)
: [[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]] (functional programming language)


; [[MAMP]]:<ref name="CoucouvanisGetYour07">{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3gIAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA85 |title=Get Your Wiki On |journal=Mac Life |author=Coucouvanis, N. |issue=5 |pages=83–86 |year=2007 |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
; [[MAMP]]<ref name="CoucouvanisGetYour07">{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3gIAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA85 |title=Get Your Wiki On |journal=Mac Life |author=Coucouvanis, N. |issue=5 |pages=83–86 |year=2007 |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Mac OS X]] (operating system)
: [[Mac OS X]] (operating system)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
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: [[PHP]], [[Perl]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (programming languages)
: [[PHP]], [[Perl]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (programming languages)


; LAPP<ref name="RittinghouseCloud17">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jB-9DgAAQBAJ&pg=PT184 |title=Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management, and Security |author1=Rittinghouse, J.W. |author2=Ransome, J.F. |publisher=CRC Press |page=PT184 |year=2017 |isbn=9781351615365}}</ref>
; MARQS:<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
: [[PostgreSQL]] (database management systems)
: [[Perl]], [[PHP]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (scripting languages)

; MLVN<ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3EBbDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6 |chapter=Chapter 2: Introducing MEVN |title=Full-Stack Web Development with Vue.js and Node |author=Sharma, A. |publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd |pages=6–30 |year=2018 |isbn=9781788830775}}</ref>
: [[MongoDB]] (database)
: [[Linux]] (operating system)
: [[Varnish (software)]] (frontend cache)
: [[Node.js]] (JavaScript runtime)

; [[WAMP]]<ref name="AMPPS-WAMP">{{cite web |url=http://ampps.com/wamp |title=WAMP |publisher=Softaculous Ltd |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] (operating system)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
: [[MySQL]] or [[MariaDB]] (database)
: [[PHP]], [[Perl]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (programming language)

; [[WIMP (software bundle)|WIMP]]<ref name="AWSTutorialWIMP">{{cite web |url=https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/install-WIMP.html |title=Tutorial: Installing a WIMP Server on an Amazon EC2 Instance Running Windows Server |work=AWS Documentation |publisher=Amazon Web Services, Inc |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] (operating system)
: [[Internet Information Services]] (web server)
: [[MySQL]] or [[MariaDB]] (database)
: [[PHP]], [[Perl]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (programming language)

; WINS<ref name="EvgenHowTo18">{{cite web |url=https://gbksoft.com/blog/how-to-choose-your-technology-stack/ |title=How to Choose Your Technology Stack for Web Development |author=Evgen |work=GBKSOFT Blog |publisher=GBKSOFT Dev LLC |date=28 January 2018 |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Windows Server]] (operating system)
: [[Internet Information Services]] (web server)
: [[.NET Framework|.NET]] ([[software framework]])
: [[Microsoft SQL Server | SQL Server]] (database)

; WISA<ref name="SachdevaWhich09">{{cite web |url=https://www.developer.com/design/article.php/3822286/Which-Web-Application-Stack-Is-Best-for-Me.htm |title=Which Web Application Stack Is Best for Me? |author=Sachdeva, B. |work=developer.com |publisher=QuinStreet, Inc |date=27 May 2009 |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Windows Server]] (operating system)
: [[Internet Information Services]] (web server)
: [[Microsoft SQL Server | SQL Server]] (database)
: [[ASP.NET]] (web framework)

; WISAV/WIPAV
: [[Windows Server]] (operating system)
: [[Internet Information Services]] (web server)
: [[Microsoft SQL Server]]/[[PostgreSQL]] (database)
: [[ASP.NET]] (backend web framework)
: [[Vue.js]] (frontend web framework)

=== OS-agnostic web stacks ===
; ELK<ref name="ChhajedLearning15">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EfqoCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1 |chapter=Chapter 1: Introduction to ELK Stack |title=Learning ELK Stack |author=Chhajed, S. |publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd |pages=1–22 |year=2015 |isbn=9781785886706}}</ref>
: [[Elasticsearch]] ([[search engine]])
: [[Logstash]] (event and [[log management]] tool)
: [[Kibana]] ([[data visualization]])

; GRANDstack<ref name="GrandStack">{{cite web |url=https://grandstack.io/ |title=GRANDStack |access-date=24 Dec 2019}}</ref>
: [[GraphQL]] (data query and manipulation language)
: [[React (web framework)|React]] (web application presentation)
: [[Meteor_(web_framework)|Apollo]] (Data Graph Platform)
: [[Neo4j]] ([[database management system]]s)

; [[JAMstack]]<ref name="Jamstack">{{cite web |url=https://jamstack.org/ |title=JAMstack |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[JavaScript]] (programming language)
: [[API|APIs]] (Application programming interfaces)
: [[Markup language|Markup]] (content)

; MARQS<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
: [[Apache Mesos]] (node startup/shutdown)
: [[Apache Mesos]] (node startup/shutdown)
: [[Akka (toolkit)]] (actor implementation)
: [[Akka (toolkit)]] (actor implementation)
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: [[Apache Spark]] (big data and MapReduce)
: [[Apache Spark]] (big data and MapReduce)


;[[MEAN (solution stack)|MEAN]]:<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
;[[MEAN (solution stack)|MEAN]]<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
: [[MongoDB]] (database)
: [[MongoDB]] (database)
: [[Express.js]] (application controller layer)
: [[Express.js]] (application controller layer)
: [[AngularJS]]/[[Angular (web framework)|Angular]] (web application presentation)
: [[AngularJS]]/[[Angular (web framework)|Angular]] (web application presentation)
: [[Node.js]] (web server)
: [[Node.js]] (JavaScript runtime)


; MERN:<ref name="WilsonMERN18">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HnxeDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 |chapter=Chapter 1: Introduction to the MERN Stack |title=MERN Quick Start Guide |author=Wilson, E. |publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd |pages=7–13 |year=2018 |isbn=9781787280045}}</ref>
; [[MEAN (solution stack)|MERN]]<ref name="WilsonMERN18">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HnxeDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 |chapter=Chapter 1: Introduction to the MERN Stack |title=MERN Quick Start Guide |author=Wilson, E. |publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd |pages=7–13 |year=2018 |isbn=9781787280045}}</ref>
: [[MongoDB]] (database)
: [[MongoDB]] (database)
: [[Express.js]] (application controller layer)
: [[Express.js]] (application controller layer)
: [[React.js]] (web application presentation)
: [[React.js]] (web application presentation)
: [[Node.js]] (web server)
: [[Node.js]] (JavaScript runtime)


; MEVN:<ref name="SharmaFull18">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3EBbDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6 |chapter=Chapter 1: Introducing MEVN |title=Full-Stack Web Development with Vue.js and Node |author=Sharma, A. |publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd |pages=6–30 |year=2018 |isbn=9781788830775}}</ref>
; MEVN<ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3EBbDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6 |chapter=Chapter 1: Introducing MEVN |title=Full-Stack Web Development with Vue.js and Node |author=Sharma, A. |publisher=Packt Publishing Ltd |pages=6–30 |year=2018 |isbn=9781788830775}}</ref>
: [[MongoDB]] (database)
: [[MongoDB]] (database)
: [[Express.js]] (application controller layer)
: [[Express.js]] (application controller layer)
: [[Vue.js]] (web application presentation)
: [[Vue.js]] (web application presentation)
: [[Node.js]] (web server)
: [[Node.js]] (JavaScript runtime)


; [[List of Nginx–MySQL–PHP packages|NMP]]:<ref name="LunaProg17">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VBVFDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA17 |title=Programador Web Full Stack: Desarrollo frontend y backend |author=Luna, F. |publisher=RedUSERS |pages=17–18 |year=2017}}</ref>
; NMP<ref name="LunaProg17">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VBVFDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA17 |title=Programador Web Full Stack: Desarrollo frontend y backend |author=Luna, F. |publisher=RedUSERS |pages=17–18 |year=2017}}</ref>
: [[Nginx]] (web server)
: [[Nginx]] (web server)
: [[MySQL]] or [[MariaDB]] (database)
: [[MySQL]] or [[MariaDB]] (database)
: [[PHP]] (programming language)
: [[PHP]] (programming language)


; [[OpenACS]]:<ref name="OpenACSWhatIs">{{cite web |url=https://openacs.org/about/what-is-openacs |title=OpenACS: What it is and why to use it |publisher=OpenACS Community |work=OpenACS.org |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
; [[OpenACS]]<ref name="OpenACSWhatIs">{{cite web |url=https://openacs.org/about/what-is-openacs |title=OpenACS: What it is and why to use it |publisher=OpenACS Community |work=OpenACS.org |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Linux]] or [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] (operating system)
: [[NaviServer]] (web server)
: [[NaviServer]] (web server)
: [[OpenACS]] ([[web application framework]])
: [[OpenACS]] ([[web application framework]])
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: [[Tcl]] (scripting language)
: [[Tcl]] (scripting language)


; [[PERN]]{{dn|date=June 2021}}:<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-20|title=Learn the PERN Stack by building a web app - Full video course|url=https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-the-pern-stack-full-course/|access-date=2021-06-19|website=freeCodeCamp.org|language=en}}</ref>
; PERN<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-20|title=Learn the PERN Stack by building a web app - Full video course|url=https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-the-pern-stack-full-course/|access-date=2021-06-19|website=freeCodeCamp.org|language=en}}</ref>
: [[PostgreSQL]] (database)
: [[PostgreSQL]] (database)
: [[Express.js]] (application controller layer)
: [[Express.js]] (application controller layer)
: [[React (JavaScript library)]] (web application presentation)
: [[React (JavaScript library)]] (web application presentation)
: [[Node.js]] (web server)
: [[Node.js]] (JavaScript runtime)


; [[PLONK]]
; PLONK
: [[Prometheus]] (metrics and time-series)
: [[Prometheus (software)|Prometheus]] (metrics and time-series)
: [[Linkerd]] (service mesh)
: [[Linkerd]] (service mesh)
: [[OpenFaaS]] (management and auto-scaling of compute)
: OpenFaaS (management and auto-scaling of compute)
: [[NATS Messaging|NATS]] (asynchronous message bus/queue)
: [[NATS Messaging|NATS]] (asynchronous message bus/queue)
: [[Kubernetes]] (declarative, extensible, scale-out, self-healing clustering)
: [[Kubernetes]] (declarative, extensible, scale-out, self-healing clustering)


; SMACK:<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
; SMACK<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
: [[Apache Spark]] (big data and MapReduce)
: [[Apache Spark]] (big data and MapReduce)
: [[Apache Mesos]] ([[Node (computer science)|node]] startup/shutdown)
: [[Apache Mesos]] ([[Node (computer science)|node]] startup/shutdown)
Line 148: Line 186:
: [[Apache Kafka]] ([[Stream processing|messaging]])
: [[Apache Kafka]] ([[Stream processing|messaging]])


; T-REx<ref>{{Cite web |title=TerminusDB on Twitter |url=https://twitter.com/terminusdb/status/1313507776224690178 |access-date=2020-10-14 |website=Twitter |language=en}}</ref>
; T-REx
:<ref>{{Cite web|title=https://twitter.com/terminusdb/status/1313507776224690178|url=https://twitter.com/terminusdb/status/1313507776224690178|access-date=2020-10-14|website=Twitter|language=en}}</ref>
: [[TerminusDB]] (scalable [[graph database]])
: [[TerminusDB]] (scalable [[graph database]])
: [[React (web framework)|React]] ([[JavaScript]] web framework)
: [[React (web framework)|React]] ([[JavaScript]] web framework)
: [[Express.js|Express]].js (framework for [[Node.js]])
: [[Express.js|Express]].js (framework for [[Node.js]])


; [[WAMP]]:<ref name="AMPPS-WAMP">{{cite web |url=http://ampps.com/wamp |title=WAMP |publisher=Softaculous Ltd |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
; [[XAMPP]]<ref name="AFXAMPP">{{cite web |url=https://www.apachefriends.org/index.html |title=XAMPP Apache + MariaDB + PHP + Perl |publisher=Apache Friends |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] (operating system)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
: [[MySQL]] or [[MariaDB]] (database)
: [[PHP]], [[Perl]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (programming language)

; [[WIMP (software bundle)|WIMP]]:<ref name="AWSTutorialWIMP">{{cite web |url=https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/install-WIMP.html |title=Tutorial: Installing a WIMP Server on an Amazon EC2 Instance Running Windows Server |work=AWS Documentation |publisher=Amazon Web Services, Inc |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] (operating system)
: [[Internet Information Services]] (web server)
: [[MySQL]] or [[MariaDB]] (database)
: [[PHP]], [[Perl]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] (programming language)

; WINS:<ref name="EvgenHowTo18">{{cite web |url=https://gbksoft.com/blog/how-to-choose-your-technology-stack/ |title=How to Choose Your Technology Stack for Web Development |author=Evgen |work=GBKSOFT Blog |publisher=GBKSOFT Dev LLC |date=28 January 2018 |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Windows Server]] (operating system)
: [[Internet Information Services]] (web server)
: [[.NET Framework|.NET]] ([[software framework]])
: [[Microsoft SQL Server | SQL Server]] (database)

; WISA:<ref name="SachdevaWhich09">{{cite web |url=https://www.developer.com/design/article.php/3822286/Which-Web-Application-Stack-Is-Best-for-Me.htm |title=Which Web Application Stack Is Best for Me? |author=Sachdeva, B. |work=developer.com |publisher=QuinStreet, Inc |date=27 May 2009 |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[Windows Server]] (operating system)
: [[Internet Information Services]] (web server)
: [[Microsoft SQL Server | SQL Server]] (database)
: [[ASP.NET]] (web framework)

; WISAV/WIPAV
: [[Windows Server]] (operating system)
: [[Internet Information Services]] (web server)
: [[Microsoft SQL Server]]/[[PostgreSQL]] (database)
: [[ASP.NET]] (backend web framework)
: [[Vue.js]] (frontend web framework)

; [[XAMPP]]:<ref name="AFXAMPP">{{cite web |url=https://www.apachefriends.org/index.html |title=XAMPP Apache + MariaDB + PHP + Perl |publisher=Apache Friends |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[cross-platform]] (operating system)
: [[cross-platform]] (operating system)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
: [[Apache HTTP Server|Apache]] (web server)
Line 192: Line 198:
: [[Perl]] (programming language)
: [[Perl]] (programming language)


; [[XRX (web application architecture)|XRX]]:<ref name="McCrearyXRX">{{cite web |url=http://www.danmccreary.com/xrx/ |title=XRX |author=McCreary, D. |work=danmccreary.com |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
; [[XRX (web application architecture)|XRX]]<ref name="McCrearyXRX">{{cite web |url=http://www.danmccreary.com/xrx/ |title=XRX |author=McCreary, D. |work=danmccreary.com |access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref>
: [[XML database]] (database such as [[BaseX]], [[eXist]], [[MarkLogic Server]])
: [[XML database]] (database such as [[BaseX]], [[eXist]], [[MarkLogic Server]])
: [[XQuery]] (Query language)
: [[XQuery]] (Query language)
Line 199: Line 205:


==See also==
==See also==
{{Wiktionary|stack}}
* [[Content management framework]]
* [[List of content management systems]]
* [[Content management system]]
* [[Content management system]]
* [[List of Apache–MySQL–PHP packages]]
* [[List of Apache–MySQL–PHP packages]]
* [[List of Nginx–MySQL–PHP packages]]
* [[Web framework]]
* [[Web framework]]


Line 208: Line 214:
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Web interfaces}}
[[Category:Computing]]


[[Category:Software architecture]]
[[Category:Web frameworks]]
[[Category:Web frameworks]]

Latest revision as of 04:39, 8 December 2024

"Software stack" redirects here. For other uses, see Stack § Computing.

In computing, a solution stack or software stack is a set of software subsystems or components needed to create a complete platform such that no additional software is needed to support applications.[1] Applications are said to "run on" or "run on top of" the resulting platform.

For example, to develop a web application, the architect defines the stack as the target operating system, web server, database, and programming language. Another version of a software stack is operating system, middleware, database, and applications.[2] Regularly, the components of a software stack are developed by different developers independently from one another.

Some components/subsystems of an overall system are chosen together often enough that the particular set is referred to by a name representing the whole, rather than by naming the parts. Typically, the name is an acronym representing the individual components.[3]

The term "solution stack" has, historically, occasionally included hardware components as part of a final product, mixing both the hardware and software in layers of support.[4][5]

A full-stack developer is expected to be able to work in all the layers of the application (front-end and back-end). A full-stack developer can be defined as a developer or an engineer who works with both the front and back end development of a website, web application or desktop application.[6] This means they can lead platform builds that involve databases, user-facing websites, and working with clients during the planning phase of projects.

Examples

[edit]

OS-level stacks

[edit]
BCHS[7]
OpenBSD (operating system)
C (programming language)
httpd (web server)
SQLite (database)
Ganeti[8]
Xen or KVM (hypervisor)
Linux with LVM (mass-storage device management)
Distributed Replicated Block Device (storage replication)
Ganeti (virtual machine cluster management tool)
Ganeti Web Manager (web interface)
GLASS[9]
GemStone (database and application server)
Linux (operating system)
Apache (web server)
Smalltalk (programming language)
Seaside (web framework)
LAMP[10]
Linux (operating system)
Apache (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database management systems)
Perl, PHP, or Python (scripting languages)
LEAP[11]
Linux (operating system)
Eucalyptus (free and open-source alternative to the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud)
AppScale (cloud computing-framework and free and open-source alternative to Google App Engine)
Python (programming language)
LEMP/LNMP[12]
Linux (operating system)
Nginx (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database management systems)
Perl, PHP, or Python (scripting languages)
LLMP[13]
Linux (operating system)
Lighttpd (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database management systems)
Perl, PHP, or Python (scripting languages)
LYME and LYCE[14]
Linux (operating system)
Yaws (web server, written in Erlang)
Mnesia or CouchDB (database, written in Erlang)
Erlang (functional programming language)
MAMP[15]
Mac OS X (operating system)
Apache (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database)
PHP, Perl, or Python (programming languages)
LAPP[16]
Linux (operating system)
Apache (web server)
PostgreSQL (database management systems)
Perl, PHP, or Python (scripting languages)
MLVN[17]
MongoDB (database)
Linux (operating system)
Varnish (software) (frontend cache)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
WAMP[18]
Windows (operating system)
Apache (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database)
PHP, Perl, or Python (programming language)
WIMP[19]
Windows (operating system)
Internet Information Services (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database)
PHP, Perl, or Python (programming language)
WINS[20]
Windows Server (operating system)
Internet Information Services (web server)
.NET (software framework)
SQL Server (database)
WISA[21]
Windows Server (operating system)
Internet Information Services (web server)
SQL Server (database)
ASP.NET (web framework)
WISAV/WIPAV
Windows Server (operating system)
Internet Information Services (web server)
Microsoft SQL Server/PostgreSQL (database)
ASP.NET (backend web framework)
Vue.js (frontend web framework)

OS-agnostic web stacks

[edit]
ELK[22]
Elasticsearch (search engine)
Logstash (event and log management tool)
Kibana (data visualization)
GRANDstack[23]
GraphQL (data query and manipulation language)
React (web application presentation)
Apollo (Data Graph Platform)
Neo4j (database management systems)
JAMstack[24]
JavaScript (programming language)
APIs (Application programming interfaces)
Markup (content)
MARQS[10]
Apache Mesos (node startup/shutdown)
Akka (toolkit) (actor implementation)
Riak (data store)
Apache Kafka (messaging)
Apache Spark (big data and MapReduce)
MEAN[10]
MongoDB (database)
Express.js (application controller layer)
AngularJS/Angular (web application presentation)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
MERN[25]
MongoDB (database)
Express.js (application controller layer)
React.js (web application presentation)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
MEVN[26]
MongoDB (database)
Express.js (application controller layer)
Vue.js (web application presentation)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
NMP[27]
Nginx (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database)
PHP (programming language)
OpenACS[28]
NaviServer (web server)
OpenACS (web application framework)
PostgreSQL or Oracle Database (database)
Tcl (scripting language)
PERN[29]
PostgreSQL (database)
Express.js (application controller layer)
React (JavaScript library) (web application presentation)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
PLONK
Prometheus (metrics and time-series)
Linkerd (service mesh)
OpenFaaS (management and auto-scaling of compute)
NATS (asynchronous message bus/queue)
Kubernetes (declarative, extensible, scale-out, self-healing clustering)
SMACK[10]
Apache Spark (big data and MapReduce)
Apache Mesos (node startup/shutdown)
Akka (toolkit) (actor implementation)
Apache Cassandra (database)
Apache Kafka (messaging)
T-REx[30]
TerminusDB (scalable graph database)
React (JavaScript web framework)
Express.js (framework for Node.js)
XAMPP[31]
cross-platform (operating system)
Apache (web server)
MariaDB or MySQL (database)
PHP (programming language)
Perl (programming language)
XRX[32]
XML database (database such as BaseX, eXist, MarkLogic Server)
XQuery (Query language)
REST (client interface)
XForms (client)

See also

[edit]
Look up stack in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Solution stack". Computer Desktop Encyclopedia. The Computer Language Company. 2015. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  2. ^ Mimoso, Michael S. (24 February 2003). "Red Hat: Linux served at vertical data center dinner tables". SearchEnterpriseLinux.com. Retrieved 2009-08-09.
  3. ^ Beal, V. (7 September 2007). "Acronym Guide to Web Stacks". Webopedia. Quinstreet, Inc. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  4. ^ Ferguson, R. (2002). Using Microsoft SharePoint Portal Server. Que Publishing. p. 616. ISBN 9780789725707.
  5. ^ Anderson, G.W. (2003). SAP Planning: Best Practices in Implementation. Sams. p. 13. ISBN 9780789728753.
  6. ^ Amir, Masroor. "Full Stack Developer - Complete Roadmap | Technologies in 2023". The Geeks Bot | A Computer Science Site for geeks. Retrieved 2023-04-27.
  7. ^ Dzonsons, K. "BCHS Stack". Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  8. ^ "Ganeti installation tutorial". Ganeti Documentation. Google, Inc. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  9. ^ Glynn, A. (3 June 2015). "A Beginners' Guide to Installing and Configuring GLASS: Gemstone 64/S Smalltalk / Seaside / Application Server / Object Database Server Environment". Horizons of Identity. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  10. ^ a b c d Frampton, M. (2018). Complete Guide to Open Source Big Data Stack. Apress. p. 7. ISBN 9781484221495.
  11. ^ Kaisler, S.H.; Amour, F.; Espinosa, A.; Money, W.H. (2015). Obtaining Value from Big Data for Service Delivery. Business Expert Press. p. PT69. ISBN 9781631572234.
  12. ^ "LEMP Stack Info". LEMP.io. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  13. ^ Johnston, C. (18 February 2009). "Setting up a LLMP Stack (Linux, Lighttpd, MySQL, PHP5) on Ubuntu 8.10". ChrisJohnston.org. Archived from the original on 5 February 2019. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  14. ^ "Solution Stack". Idiosyncratic Knowledge. 9 July 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  15. ^ Coucouvanis, N. (2007). "Get Your Wiki On". Mac Life (5): 83–86. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  16. ^ Rittinghouse, J.W.; Ransome, J.F. (2017). Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management, and Security. CRC Press. p. PT184. ISBN 9781351615365.
  17. ^ Sharma, A. (2018). "Chapter 2: Introducing MEVN". Full-Stack Web Development with Vue.js and Node. Packt Publishing Ltd. pp. 6–30. ISBN 9781788830775.
  18. ^ "WAMP". Softaculous Ltd. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  19. ^ "Tutorial: Installing a WIMP Server on an Amazon EC2 Instance Running Windows Server". AWS Documentation. Amazon Web Services, Inc. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  20. ^ Evgen (28 January 2018). "How to Choose Your Technology Stack for Web Development". GBKSOFT Blog. GBKSOFT Dev LLC. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  21. ^ Sachdeva, B. (27 May 2009). "Which Web Application Stack Is Best for Me?". developer.com. QuinStreet, Inc. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  22. ^ Chhajed, S. (2015). "Chapter 1: Introduction to ELK Stack". Learning ELK Stack. Packt Publishing Ltd. pp. 1–22. ISBN 9781785886706.
  23. ^ "GRANDStack". Retrieved 24 Dec 2019.
  24. ^ "JAMstack". Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  25. ^ Wilson, E. (2018). "Chapter 1: Introduction to the MERN Stack". MERN Quick Start Guide. Packt Publishing Ltd. pp. 7–13. ISBN 9781787280045.
  26. ^ Sharma, A. (2018). "Chapter 1: Introducing MEVN". Full-Stack Web Development with Vue.js and Node. Packt Publishing Ltd. pp. 6–30. ISBN 9781788830775.
  27. ^ Luna, F. (2017). Programador Web Full Stack: Desarrollo frontend y backend. RedUSERS. pp. 17–18.
  28. ^ "OpenACS: What it is and why to use it". OpenACS.org. OpenACS Community. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  29. ^ "Learn the PERN Stack by building a web app - Full video course". freeCodeCamp.org. 2020-03-20. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  30. ^ "TerminusDB on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2020-10-14.
  31. ^ "XAMPP Apache + MariaDB + PHP + Perl". Apache Friends. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  32. ^ McCreary, D. "XRX". danmccreary.com. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
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