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{{Short description|Parliamentary political opposition to the government of Montenegro}}
In [[Montenegro]], '''the Opposition''' ({{lang-cg|Opozicija / Oпoзициja}}) is all of the political parties represented in [[Parliament of Montenegro|Parliament]] that are not a part of the [[Government of Montenegro|Government]] supported by the [[parliamentary majority]].

The [[Leader of the Opposition]] ({{lang-cg|Lider opozicije / Лидер опозиције}}) is the unofficial title held by the leader of the largest party of the opposition.

==10th assembly of the Parliament==
{{Infobox official post
{{Infobox official post
|post = {{small|Leader of the Opposition}}
|post = Leader of the Opposition<br>{{small|Lider opozicije / Лидер опозиције}}
|insignia =
|insignia =
|insigniasize = 115px
|insigniasize = 115px
|insigniacaption = Logo of the largest opposition party
|insigniacaption = Logo of the largest opposition party
|image = [[File:Aleksa Bečić in Podgorica, February 2019.jpg|120px]] [[File:Andrija Mandić mc-rs (cropped).jpg|120px]]
|image = [[File:Danijel_Živković.png|150x150px]]
|imagesize = 110px
|imagesize = 135px
|imagecaption = '''[[Aleksa Bečić]] and [[Andrija Mandić]]'''<br>{{small|since 16 October 2016}}
|imagecaption = '''[[Danijel Živković]]'''<br>since 31 October 2023
|termlength = While leader of the largest political subject not in government
|termlength = While leader of the largest party not in government
}}
}}
In [[Montenegro]], '''the Opposition''' ({{langx|cnr|Opozicija / Oпoзициja}}) is all of the political parties represented in [[Parliament of Montenegro|Parliament]] that are not a part of the [[Government of Montenegro|Government]] supported by the [[parliamentary majority]].
{{see|2016 Montenegrin parliamentary election}}
Since the constitution the 10th assembly of the Montenegrin Parliament the entire opposition (all 39 MPs out of 81 in total) started a collective boycott of all parliamentary sittings, due to claims of electoral fraud at the October 2016 parliamentary elections.


The [[Leader of the Opposition]] ({{langx|cnr|Lider opozicije / Лидер опозиције}}) leads the largest party not within the government.
The largest opposition group, [[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|Democratic Front]] alliance, decides to end the boycott and return to parliament in December 2017, as did newly formed, [[United Montenegro]].<ref>[http://balkans.aljazeera.net/vijesti/cg-df-prekida-bojkot-u-skupstinu-se-vraca-i-ucg DF prekida bojkot, u Skupštinu se vraća i UCG], Al Jazeera</ref> The [[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]] and the [[DEMOS (Montenegro)|Demos]] both decides to end the boycott and return to parliament, after poor results in [[Montenegrin local elections, 2018|May 2018 local elections]], as did [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|Socialist People's Party]]. Leaving [[Democratic Montenegro]] and [[United Reform Action]], who remaining in a boycott with the same demands.


==11th assembly of the Parliament==
In the 10th assembly of the [[Parliament of Montenegro]] (2016–present), the parties in parliament that include the opposition are:<ref>[http://www.vijesti.me/izbori2016/ovo-su-rezultati-koje-je-proglasio-dik-909602 Ovo su rezultati koje je proglasio DIK], Vijesti</ref>
The main opposition subject in the eleventh assembly of Parliament of Montenegro are the [[Democratic Party of Socialists]] (DPS) of [[Milo Đukanović]], which fall from the power, after ruled the country for 30 years, since the introduction of multi-party system in 1990. The [[2020 Montenegrin parliamentary election|August 2020 parliamentary election]] resulted in the victory of the lists of parties which were in opposition in the previous parliament convocation; [[For the Future of Montenegro]] ([[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|DF]]-[[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|SNP]]-[[Popular Movement (Montenegro)|NP]]), [[Peace is Our Nation]] ([[Democratic Montenegro|DCG]]-[[DEMOS (Montenegro)|Demos]]), [[United Reform Action]] (URA) and the [[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]] (SDP), opposition lists won 43 of the 81 seats in the Parliament of Montenegro, while the ruling [[Democratic Party of Socialists|DPS]], together with the [[Liberal Party of Montenegro|Liberal Party]], won only 30 seats, going into opposition after thirty years in power. Three opposition lists [[For the Future of Montenegro]], [[Peace is Our Nation]] and [[United Reform Action]], which won a majority of 41 MPs, announced the formation of a coalition government, while the SDP remained in opposition. In the 11th assembly of the Parliament (2020–present), the subjects in parliament that include the opposition are:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Konačni rezultati DIK-a: DPS 35.06, "Za budućnost Crne Gore" 32.55 odsto glasova|url=https://www.vijesti.me/vijesti/politika/465051/dik-dps-3512-za-buducnost-crne-gore-3252-odsto-glasova|access-date=2020-08-31|website=vijesti.me|language=sr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Parlamentarni izbori 2020|url=https://rezultati.dik.co.me|access-date=2020-08-31|website=National Electoral Commission|language=cnr}}</ref>


{{col-start}}
{{col-start}}
{{col-3}}
{{col-3}}
* [[Democratic Montenegro]]
*[[Democratic Party of Socialists]] (DPS)
*[[Social Democrats of Montenegro|Social Democrats]] (SD)
* [[New Serb Democracy]]
*[[Bosniak Party]] (BS)
* [[Movement for Changes]]
* [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|Socialist People's Party]]
*[[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]] (SDP)
* [[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]]
{{col-3}}
{{col-3}}
*[[Albanian Alternative]] (ASh/AA)
* [[DEMOS (Montenegro)|DEMOS]]
* [[Democratic People's Party (Montenegro)|Democratic People's Party]]
*[[Democratic Party (Montenegro)|Democratic Party]] (PD/DP)
*[[Liberal Party of Montenegro]] (LP)
* [[United Reform Action]]
* [[United Montenegro]] {{small|(Demos split in 2017)}}
* [[Workers' Party (Montenegro)|Workers' Party]]
{{col-3}}
{{col-3}}
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}


==9th assembly of the Parliament==
==10th assembly of the Parliament==
Since the constitution the 10th assembly of the Montenegrin Parliament the entire opposition (all 39 MPs out of 81 in total) started a collective boycott of all parliamentary sittings, due to claims of electoral fraud at the October 2016 parliamentary elections. The largest opposition group, [[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|Democratic Front]] alliance, decides to end the boycott and return to parliament in December 2017, as did newly formed, [[United Montenegro]].<ref>[http://balkans.aljazeera.net/vijesti/cg-df-prekida-bojkot-u-skupstinu-se-vraca-i-ucg DF prekida bojkot, u Skupštinu se vraća i UCG], Al Jazeera</ref> The [[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]] and the [[DEMOS (Montenegro)|Demos]] both decides to end the boycott and return to parliament, after poor results in [[Montenegrin local elections, 2018|May 2018 local elections]], as did [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|Socialist People's Party]]. Leaving [[Democratic Montenegro]] and [[United Reform Action]], who remaining in a boycott with the same demands. In the 10th assembly of the [[Parliament of Montenegro]] (2016–2020), the subjects in parliament that include the opposition are:<ref>[http://www.vijesti.me/izbori2016/ovo-su-rezultati-koje-je-proglasio-dik-909602 Ovo su rezultati koje je proglasio DIK], Vijesti</ref>
{{Infobox official post
|post = {{small|Leader of the Opposition}}
|insignia =
|insigniasize = 115px
|insigniacaption = Logo of the largest opposition party
|image = Miodrag Lekić Crtinje, 2012 (cropped).jpeg
|imagesize = 140px
|imagecaption = '''[[Miodrag Lekić]]'''<br>{{small|14 October 2012–13 March 2015}}
|termlength = While leader of the largest political subject not in government
}}
{{see|2012 Montenegrin parliamentary election}}
Since the constitution of the 9th assembly of the Montenegrin Parliament, the opposition subjects in the parliament were [[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|Democratic Front]] (DF), [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|Socialist People's Party]] (SNP) and [[Positive Montenegro]] (PCG).<ref>[https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/24747236.html CG: Objavljeni službeni i konačni rezultati izbora], Slobodna Evropa</ref> The leader of the opposition was [[Miodrag Lekić]], leader of the Democratic Front. After Lekić's abandonment of Democratic Front in March 2015, [[Andrija Mandić]] became de facto leader of opposition. On 27 January 2016, despite formerly being an opposition party, Positive Montenegro provided the ruling DPS with 3 votes necessary to win the government confidence vote, after the DPS's coalition partner [[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]] left the government coalition due to allegations of electoral fraud and political corruption, leaving the government functioning as a de facto minority government.
The provisional government of electoral trust was elected on May 12, 2016, by the parliament of Montenegro. The provisional governing coalition was formed by ruling DPS and several opposition parties.<ref name="BI-dismiss">[http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/montenegro-s-parliament-to-dismisses-speaker-02-23-2016 "Montenegro Parliament Set to Oust Speaker"], ''Balkan Insight''</ref>


{{col-start}}
In the 9th assembly of the [[Parliament of Montenegro]] (2012–2016), the parties in parliament that include the opposition were:
{{col-3}}
* [[Democratic Montenegro]] (DCG)
* [[New Serb Democracy]] (NSD)
* [[Movement for Changes]] (PzP)
* [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|Socialist People's Party]] (SNP)
* [[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]] (SDP)
{{col-3}}
* [[DEMOS (Montenegro)|Democratic Alliance]] (Demos)
* {{nowrap|[[United Montenegro]] {{small|(split from Demos in 2017)}}}}
* [[Democratic People's Party (Montenegro)|Democratic People's Party]] (DNP)
* [[United Reform Action]] (URA)
* [[Workers' Party (Montenegro)|Workers' Party]] (RP)
{{col-3}}
{{col-end}}

==9th assembly of the Parliament==
Since the constitution of the 9th assembly of the Montenegrin Parliament, the opposition subjects in the parliament were [[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|Democratic Front]] (DF), [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|Socialist People's Party]] (SNP) and [[Positive Montenegro]] (PCG). The leader of the opposition was [[Miodrag Lekić]], leader of the DF. After Lekić's abandonment of Democratic Front in March 2015, [[Andrija Mandić]] became de facto leader of opposition. In January 2016, despite formerly being an opposition party, PCG provided the ruling DPS with 3 votes necessary to win the government confidence vote, after the DPS's coalition partner the [[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|SDP]] left the government coalition due to allegations of electoral fraud and political corruption, leaving the government functioning as a de facto minority government.
Provisional government was elected on May 12, 2016, by the [[Parliament of Montenegro|Parliament]]. The provisional governing coalition was formed by ruling DPS and several opposition parties.<ref name="BI-dismiss">[http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/montenegro-s-parliament-to-dismisses-speaker-02-23-2016 "Montenegro Parliament Set to Oust Speaker"], ''balkaninsight.com''</ref> The subjects in the Parliament that include the opposition were:<ref>[https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/24747236.html CG: Objavljeni službeni i konačni rezultati izbora], Radio Slobodna Evropa</ref><ref>[https://kodex.me/clanak/106655/vladi-crne-gore-izglasano-povjerenje Vladi Crne Gore izglasano povjerenje!], Kodex portal</ref>


{{col-start}}
{{col-start}}
{{col-3}}
{{col-3}}
* [[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|Democratic Front]]
* [[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|Democratic Front]] (DF)
* [[DEMOS (Montenegro)|Demos]] {{small|(DF split in 2015)}}
* [[DEMOS (Montenegro)|DEMOS]] {{small|(split from DF in 2015)}}
* [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|Socialist People's Party]]
* [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|Socialist People's Party]] (SNP)
* [[Democratic Montenegro|Democrats]] {{small|(SNP split in 2015)}}
* [[Democratic Montenegro|Democrats]] {{small|(split from SNP in 2015)}}
{{col-3}}
{{col-3}}
* [[Positive Montenegro]] {{small|(until 2016)}}
* [[Positive Montenegro]] (PCG, {{small|until 2016}})
* [[United Reform Action]] {{small|(PCG split in 2015)}}
* {{nowrap|[[United Reform Action]] {{small|(split from PCG in 2015)}}}}
* [[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]] {{small|(since 2015)}}
* {{nowrap|[[Social Democratic Party of Montenegro|Social Democratic Party]] (SDP, {{small|since 2015}})}}
* [[Albanian Alternative]] {{small|(since 2015)}}
* [[Albanian Alternative]] (AA, {{small|since 2015}})
{{col-3}}
{{col-3}}
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}

==Leaders of the Opposition (2006–)==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Image
! Leader<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
! colspan=2|{{small|Opposition<br>subject}}
! colspan=2|Term of office
! <small>Assembly<br>convocation</small>
! colspan=2|[[Government of Montenegro|{{small|Government}}<br>Cabinet]]
|-
|rowspan=2| [[File:Nebojša Medojević, 2016 (cropped).jpg|60px]]
|rowspan=2| [[Nebojša Medojević]]<br />{{small|(1966–)}}
!rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Movement for Changes}}; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[Movement for Changes|PzP]]
|rowspan=2| 10 September 2006
|rowspan=2| 29 March 2009
|rowspan=2| [[Montenegrin parliamentary election, 2006|VII.<br>{{small|(7th)}}]]
!style="background:#F6931D; color:white;" |
| [[Šturanović Cabinet|Šturanović]]
|-
!rowspan=2 style="background:#F6931D; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[Đukanović V Cabinet|Đukanović (V)]]
|-
|rowspan=2| [[File:Srdjan Milic, PG, 2014.jpg|60px]]
|rowspan=2| [[Srđan Milić]]<br />{{small|(1965–)}}
!rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Socialist People's Party of Montenegro}}; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[Socialist People's Party of Montenegro|SNP]]
|rowspan=2| 29 March 2009
|rowspan=2| 14 October 2012
|rowspan=2| [[Montenegrin parliamentary election, 2009|VIII.<br>{{small|(8th)}}]]
|-
! style="background:#F6931D; color:white;" |
| [[Lukšić Cabinet|Lukšić]]
|-
| [[File:Miodrag Lekić Crtinje, 2012 (cropped).jpeg|60px]]
| [[Miodrag Lekić]]<br />{{small|(1947–)}}
! style="background:{{party color|Democratic Front (Montenegro)}}; color:white;" |
| [[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|DF]]
| 14 October 2012
| 13 March 2015
|rowspan=2| [[Montenegrin parliamentary election, 2012|IX.<br>{{small|(9th)}}]]
!rowspan=2 style="background:#F6931D; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[Đukanović VI Cabinet|Đukanović (VI)]]
|-
|rowspan=2| [[File:Andrija Mandić mc-rs (cropped).jpg|60px]]
|rowspan=2| [[Andrija Mandić]]<br />{{small|(1965–)}}
!rowspan=2 style="background:#0067A5; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[New Serb Democracy|NSD]]<br>{{small|([[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|DF]])}}
|rowspan=2| 13 March 2015
|rowspan=2| 31 August 2020
|-
|rowspan=2| [[Montenegrin parliamentary election, 2016|X.<br>{{small|(10th)}}]]
!rowspan=2 style="background:#F6931D; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[Marković Cabinet|Marković]]
|-
| [[File:Aleksa Bečić.png|60px]]
| [[Aleksa Bečić]]<br />{{small|(1987–)}}
! style="background:#ff5050; color:white;" |
|[[Democratic Montenegro|DCG]]
|16 October 2016
| 31 August 2020
|-
| [[File:Milo Đukanović in 2010 (cropped).jpg|60px]]
| [[Milo Đukanović]]<br />{{small|(1962–)}}
! style="background:#F6931D; color:white;" |
|[[Democratic Party of Socialists|DPS]]
|31 August 2020
|28 April 2022
|[[2020 Montenegrin parliamentary election|XI.<br>{{small|(11th)}}]]
!rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}}; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[Krivokapić Cabinet|Krivokapić]]
|-
|rowspan=2| [[File:Andrija Mandić mc-rs (cropped).jpg|60px]]
|rowspan=2| [[Andrija Mandić]]<br />{{small|(1965–)}}
!rowspan=2 style="background:#0067A5; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[New Serb Democracy|NSD]]<br>{{small|([[Democratic Front (Montenegro)|DF]])}}
|rowspan=2| 28 April 2022
|rowspan=2| 31 October 2023
|-
|rowspan=2| [[2020 Montenegrin parliamentary election|XI.<br>{{small|(11th)}}]]
!rowspan=2 style="background:#6200c9; color:white;" |
|rowspan=2| [[Abazović Cabinet|Abazović]]
|-
| [[File:Aleksa Bečić.png|60px]]
| [[Aleksa Bečić]]<br />{{small|(1987–)}}
! style="background:#ff5050; color:white;" |
|[[Democratic Montenegro|DCG]]
| 28 April 2022
| 31 October 2023
|-
| [[File:Danijel_Živković.png|60px]]
| [[Danijel Živković]]<br />{{small|(1987–)}}
! style="background:#F6931D; color:white;" |
|[[Democratic Party of Socialists|DPS]]
|31 October 2023
| -
|[[2023 Montenegrin parliamentary election|XII.<br>{{small|(12th)}}]]
!rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|PES)}}; color:gold;" |
|rowspan=2| [[Spajić Cabinet|Spajić]]
|-
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Political opposition]]
*[[Politics of Montenegro]]
*[[Politics of Montenegro]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|2}}


{{Montenegrin political parties}}
{{Montenegrin political parties}}


[[Category:Political opposition]]
[[Category:Politics of Montenegro]]
[[Category:Politics of Montenegro]]
[[Category:Political organisations based in Montenegro]]
[[Category:Political organisations based in Montenegro]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition|Montenegro]]

Latest revision as of 20:41, 8 December 2024

Leader of the Opposition
Lider opozicije / Лидер опозиције
Danijel Živković
since 31 October 2023
Term lengthWhile leader of the largest party not in government

In Montenegro, the Opposition (Montenegrin: Opozicija / Oпoзициja) is all of the political parties represented in Parliament that are not a part of the Government supported by the parliamentary majority.

The Leader of the Opposition (Montenegrin: Lider opozicije / Лидер опозиције) leads the largest party not within the government.

11th assembly of the Parliament

[edit]

The main opposition subject in the eleventh assembly of Parliament of Montenegro are the Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS) of Milo Đukanović, which fall from the power, after ruled the country for 30 years, since the introduction of multi-party system in 1990. The August 2020 parliamentary election resulted in the victory of the lists of parties which were in opposition in the previous parliament convocation; For the Future of Montenegro (DF-SNP-NP), Peace is Our Nation (DCG-Demos), United Reform Action (URA) and the Social Democratic Party (SDP), opposition lists won 43 of the 81 seats in the Parliament of Montenegro, while the ruling DPS, together with the Liberal Party, won only 30 seats, going into opposition after thirty years in power. Three opposition lists For the Future of Montenegro, Peace is Our Nation and United Reform Action, which won a majority of 41 MPs, announced the formation of a coalition government, while the SDP remained in opposition. In the 11th assembly of the Parliament (2020–present), the subjects in parliament that include the opposition are:[1][2]

10th assembly of the Parliament

[edit]

Since the constitution the 10th assembly of the Montenegrin Parliament the entire opposition (all 39 MPs out of 81 in total) started a collective boycott of all parliamentary sittings, due to claims of electoral fraud at the October 2016 parliamentary elections. The largest opposition group, Democratic Front alliance, decides to end the boycott and return to parliament in December 2017, as did newly formed, United Montenegro.[3] The Social Democratic Party and the Demos both decides to end the boycott and return to parliament, after poor results in May 2018 local elections, as did Socialist People's Party. Leaving Democratic Montenegro and United Reform Action, who remaining in a boycott with the same demands. In the 10th assembly of the Parliament of Montenegro (2016–2020), the subjects in parliament that include the opposition are:[4]

9th assembly of the Parliament

[edit]

Since the constitution of the 9th assembly of the Montenegrin Parliament, the opposition subjects in the parliament were Democratic Front (DF), Socialist People's Party (SNP) and Positive Montenegro (PCG). The leader of the opposition was Miodrag Lekić, leader of the DF. After Lekić's abandonment of Democratic Front in March 2015, Andrija Mandić became de facto leader of opposition. In January 2016, despite formerly being an opposition party, PCG provided the ruling DPS with 3 votes necessary to win the government confidence vote, after the DPS's coalition partner the SDP left the government coalition due to allegations of electoral fraud and political corruption, leaving the government functioning as a de facto minority government. Provisional government was elected on May 12, 2016, by the Parliament. The provisional governing coalition was formed by ruling DPS and several opposition parties.[5] The subjects in the Parliament that include the opposition were:[6][7]

Leaders of the Opposition (2006–)

[edit]
Image Leader
(Birth–Death) 		Opposition
subject 		Term of office Assembly
convocation 		Government
Cabinet
Nebojša Medojević
(1966–) 		PzP 10 September 2006 29 March 2009 VII.
(7th) 		Šturanović
Đukanović (V)
Srđan Milić
(1965–) 		SNP 29 March 2009 14 October 2012 VIII.
(8th)
Lukšić
Miodrag Lekić
(1947–) 		DF 14 October 2012 13 March 2015 IX.
(9th) 		Đukanović (VI)
Andrija Mandić
(1965–) 		NSD
(DF) 		13 March 2015 31 August 2020
X.
(10th) 		Marković
Aleksa Bečić
(1987–) 		DCG 16 October 2016 31 August 2020
Milo Đukanović
(1962–) 		DPS 31 August 2020 28 April 2022 XI.
(11th) 		Krivokapić
Andrija Mandić
(1965–) 		NSD
(DF) 		28 April 2022 31 October 2023
XI.
(11th) 		Abazović
Aleksa Bečić
(1987–) 		DCG 28 April 2022 31 October 2023
Danijel Živković
(1987–) 		DPS 31 October 2023 - XII.
(12th) 		Spajić

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Konačni rezultati DIK-a: DPS 35.06, "Za budućnost Crne Gore" 32.55 odsto glasova". vijesti.me (in Serbian). Retrieved 2020-08-31.
  2. ^ "Parlamentarni izbori 2020". National Electoral Commission (in Montenegrin). Retrieved 2020-08-31.
  3. ^ DF prekida bojkot, u Skupštinu se vraća i UCG, Al Jazeera
  4. ^ Ovo su rezultati koje je proglasio DIK, Vijesti
  5. ^ "Montenegro Parliament Set to Oust Speaker", balkaninsight.com
  6. ^ CG: Objavljeni službeni i konačni rezultati izbora, Radio Slobodna Evropa
  7. ^ Vladi Crne Gore izglasano povjerenje!, Kodex portal
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