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Coordinates: 38°52′42.40″N 6°58′9.89″W / 38.8784444°N 6.9694139°W / 38.8784444; -6.9694139
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{{short description|Catholic cathedral in Badajoz, Spain}}
{{Infobox religious building
{{Infobox church
| building_name=Metropolitan Cathedral of St. John the Baptist<br/> <small>Catedral metropolitana de San Juan Bautista {{es icon}}</small>
| image= Catedral de Badajoz.jpg
| name = Badajoz Cathedral
| fullname = Metropolitan Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist
| infobox_width = 350px
| other name = {{lang|es|Catedral Metropolitana de San Juan Bautista}}
| caption=Catedral of Badajoz
| image = Badajoz Cathedral 2024 - West Façade.jpg
| location= [[Badajoz]], [[Spain]]
| caption = West façade in 2024.
| geo = {{coord|38|52|42.40|N|6|58|9.89|W|type:landmark_region:ES|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|38|52|42.40|N|6|58|9.89|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| religious_affiliation=[[Roman Catholic]]
| location = [[Badajoz]]
| rite=
| country = Spain
| province=
| denomination = [[Catholic Church|Catholic]]
| district=
| address = 1, Plaza España
| consecration_year=1270
| website = {{URL|catedraldebadajoz.es}}
| status= Metropolitan cathedral
| leadership= Archbishop [[Santiago García Aracil|Santiago García]]
| website= [http://www.archimeridabadajoz.org/ www.archimeridabadajoz.org]
| architect=
| architecture_type= [[Church (building)|Church]]
| architecture_style= [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]], [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]]<ref>http://www.ciudadescatedralicias.org/portal/catedral.php?Id_catedral=4</ref>
| heritage_designation = 1931
| specifications=yes
| facade_direction=
| groundbreaking= 1230
| year_completed= 1276
| construction_cost=
| capacity=
| length= {{convert|70|m|ft}}
| width={{convert|40|m|ft}}
| width_nave=
| height_max=
| materials=
|designation1=Spanish Property of Cultural Interest
|designation1_offname=Iglesia Catedral de San Juan Bautista
|designation1_date={{date|03-06-1931}}
|designation1_number=(R.I.)-51-0000394-00000<ref>{{cite web|title=Iglesia Catedral de San Juan Bautista |url=http://www.mcu.es/bienes/buscarDetalleBienesInmuebles.do?brscgi_DOCN=000005639&brscgi_BCSID=4227c192&language=es&prev_layout=bienesInmueblesResultado&layout=bienesInmueblesDetalle|work=Patrimonio Historico - Base de datos de bienes inmuebles|publisher=Ministerio de Cultura|accessdate=10 January 2011|language=Spanish}}</ref>
}}


| former name =
The '''Metropolitan Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist of Badajoz''' ({{lang-es|Catedral metropolitana de San Juan Bautista de Badajoz}}) is a [[Roman Catholic]] [[cathedral]] church in [[Badajoz]], [[Extremadura]], western [[Spain]]. Since 1994, together with the [[Co-cathedral of Saint Mary Major of Mérida]],<ref>[http://catedraldemerida.webnode.com Official website of the co-cathedral of Mérida]</ref> it is the seat of the [[Archdiocese of Mérida-Badajoz]].
| bull date =
| status = [[Metropolitan bishop|Metropolitan Cathedral]]
| dedication = [[John the Baptist]]
| dedicated date =

| functional status =
| heritage designation =
| designated date =
| previous cathedrals =
| architect =
| architectural type =
| style = [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]]
| years built =
| groundbreaking = 15th Century
| completed date =

| capacity =
| length = {{convert|70|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| length nave =
| length choir =
| width = {{convert|40|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| width nave = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| width transepts =
| height = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| height nave =
| height choir =
| diameter = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| other dimensions =
| floor count =
| floor area = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| dome quantity =
| dome height outer =
| dome height inner = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| dome dia outer = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| dome dia inner = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| tower quantity =
| tower height = {{convert|40|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| spire quantity =
| spire height = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| materials =
| bells = <!-- or | bells hung = -->
| bell weight = <!-- {{long ton|0| }} -->

| parish =
| benefice =
| deanery =
| archdeaconry =
| episcopalarea =
| archdiocese = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mérida–Badajoz|Mérida–Badajoz]]
| metropolis =
| diocese =
| diocese start = 1255
| province =
| presbytery =
| synod =
| circuit =
| district =
| division =
| subdivision =

| archbishop = [[Celso Morga Iruzubieta]]
| bishop =
| chancellor = <!-- cathedrals only -->
| canonchancellor = <!-- cathedrals only -->

| embedded =
{{designation list
| embed = yes
| designation1 = <!-- WHS -->
| designation1_partof =
| designation1_date = <!-- XXXX {{small|(Xth [[World Heritage Committee|session]])}} -->
| designation1_criteria = <!-- c{{UNESCO WHS type|(iii), (iv)}}(iii), (iv) -->
| designation1_number = <!-- [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/XXX XXX] -->
| designation2 = Spain
| designation2_type = Non-movable
| designation2_criteria = Monument
| designation2_date = 3 June 1931
| designation2_number = RI-51-0000394<ref>{{cite web|title=Iglesia Catedral de San Juan Bautista |url=http://www.mcu.es/bienes/buscarDetalleBienesInmuebles.do?brscgi_DOCN=000005639&brscgi_BCSID=4227c192&language=es&prev_layout=bienesInmueblesResultado&layout=bienesInmueblesDetalle|work=Patrimonio Historico - Base de datos de bienes inmuebles|publisher=Ministerio de Cultura|access-date=10 January 2011|language=es}}</ref>
}}
}}
The '''Metropolitan Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist''' ({{langx|es|Catedral Metropolitana de San Juan Bautista}}) is a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[cathedral]] in [[Badajoz]], [[Extremadura]], western [[Spain]]. Since 1994, together with the [[Co-cathedral of Saint Mary Major of Mérida]],<ref>[http://catedraldemerida.webnode.com Official website of the co-cathedral of Mérida] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128210814/http://catedraldemerida.webnode.com/ |date=2011-01-28 }}</ref> it is the seat of the [[Archdiocese of Mérida-Badajoz]].


==History==
==History==
After the reconquest of Badajoz in 1230 by King [[Alfonso IX of León]], the new bishop Padro Pérez initially adapted the former mosque in the [[Badajoz Alcazaba]] (citadel) as a cathedral. A new cathedral was not begun until the mid-13th century. The site chosen was that of a pre-existing Visigothic and [[Mozarabic]] church in the Campo de San Juan, situated outside the citadel.
After the reconquest of Badajoz in 1230 by King [[Alfonso IX of León]], the new bishop Pedro Pérez initially adapted the former mosque in the [[Badajoz Alcazaba]] (citadel) as a cathedral. A new cathedral was not begun until the mid-13th century. The site chosen was that of a pre-existing Visigothic and [[Mozarabic art and architecture|Mozarabic]] church in the Campo de San Juan, situated outside the citadel.
[[File:Coro de la S.I. Catedral Metropolitana de Badajoz.jpg|left|thumb|View of the choir.]]
[[File:Coro de la S.I. Catedral Metropolitana de Badajoz.jpg|left|thumb|View of the choir.]]
In 1270, though the construction was not finished, the new cathedral was consecrated and dedicated to [[St. John the Baptist]]. The various works on the building lasted until the 15th century, and were followed by some modifications and renovations in the 16th-17th centuries.
In 1270, though the construction was not finished, the new cathedral was consecrated and dedicated to [[St. John the Baptist]]. The various works on the building lasted until the 15th century, and were followed by some modifications and renovations in the 16th-17th centuries.


The church was declared a national historical monument in 1931. On July 28, 1994, [[Pope John Paul II]] established the Archdiocese of Mérida-Badajoz, making the Church of Saint John Baptist his metropolitan cathedral.<ref>{{citation|author=Pope John Paul II|authorlink=Pope John Paul II |title=Constitutiones Apostolicae - Emeritensis Augustana |publisher=[[Congregation for Bishops]]|journal= [[Acta Apostolicae Sedis]]|volume=86 |location=Vatican|language=Latin|pages=936–937|url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS%2086%20%5B1994%5D%20-%20ocr.pdf|date=28 July 1994}}.</ref>
The church was declared a national historical monument in 1931. On July 28, 1994, [[Pope John Paul II]] established the Archdiocese of Mérida-Badajoz, making the Church of Saint John the Baptist its metropolitan cathedral.<ref>{{citation|author=Pope John Paul II|author-link=Pope John Paul II |title=Constitutiones Apostolicae - Emeritensis Augustana |publisher=[[Congregation for Bishops]]|journal= [[Acta Apostolicae Sedis]]|volume=86 |location=Vatican|language=la|pages=936–937|url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS%2086%20%5B1994%5D%20-%20ocr.pdf|date=28 July 1994}}.</ref>

From 1587 to 1596, [[Cristóbal de Medrano]] became the [[Kapellmeister|Maestro de capillo]] at the Cathedral of Badajoz.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/diccionariodelam0008unse/mode/2up |title=Diccionario de la música española e hispanoamericana |date=1999 |publisher=[Madrid?] : Sociedad General de Autores y Editores |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-84-8048-303-2}}</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
Due to its position outside the citadel, the church has a fortress-like appearance, with strong walls and bastions, and a sturdy square tower. The tower measures 11 meters on each side and 14 meters in height, and consists in four sections, the top one housing the bells. The original design included two of such towers.
Due to its position outside the citadel, the church has a fortress-like appearance, with strong walls and bastions, and a sturdy square tower. The tower measures 11 meters on each side and 14 meters in height, and consists in four sections, the top one housing the bells. The original design included two of such towers.


The church itself has a simple rectangular main façade with one marble portal, built in 1619. The portalis flanked by two Ionic columns and is surmounted by a niche with a statue of St. John the Baptist. The portal of St. Blaise, on the southern side, is most likely the oldest one: it is flanked by two pilasters and features a small image of the saint to which it is entitled. All the walls, and the tower as well, feature Gothic merlons. The interior, in the late Gothic style, has a nave and two aisles, side chapels, a high altar (with a highly decorated Baroque [[retablo]]) and a choir with [[Plateresque]] stalls and a Baroque organ.
The church itself has a simple rectangular main façade with one marble portal, built in 1619. The portalis flanked by two Ionic columns and is surmounted by a niche with a statue of St. John the Baptist. The portal of St. Blaise, on the southern side, is most likely the oldest one: it is flanked by two pilasters and features a small image of the saint to which it is entitled. All the walls, and the tower as well, feature [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] merlons. The cathedral's interior is in the late Gothic architectural style, and has a [[nave]] and two aisles, side chapels, a high altar (with a highly decorated [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] [[retablo]]) and a choir with [[Plateresque]] stalls and a Baroque organ.


The cloister is in [[Manueline|Manueline Portuguese]] style.
The cloister is in [[Manueline|Manueline Portuguese]] style.
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==References==
==References==
*{{citation|author=Pope John Paul II|authorlink=Pope John Paul II |title=Constitutiones Apostolicae - Emeritensis Augustana-Pacensis|quote= ''Nova constituitur in Hispania Provincia ecclesiastica Emeritensis Augustana - Pacensis et Sedes ad Metropolitanae Ecclesiae statum attollitur'' |publisher=[[Congregation for Bishops]]|journal= [[Acta Apostolicae Sedis]]|volume=86 |location=Vatican|language=Latin |pages=936–937|url=http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS%2086%20%5B1994%5D%20-%20ocr.pdf|date=28 July 1994}}.
*{{citation|author=Pope John Paul II|author-link=Pope John Paul II |title=Constitutiones Apostolicae - Emeritensis Augustana-Pacensis|quote= ''Nova constituitur in Hispania Provincia ecclesiastica Emeritensis Augustana - Pacensis et Sedes ad Metropolitanae Ecclesiae statum attollitur'' |publisher=[[Congregation for Bishops]]|journal= [[Acta Apostolicae Sedis]]|volume=86 |location=Vatican|language=la |pages=936–937|url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS%2086%20%5B1994%5D%20-%20ocr.pdf|date=28 July 1994}}.


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www3.archimeridabadajoz.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=18&Itemid=51 Page with history and a video of the construction phases]
* [http://www.ciudadescatedralicias.org/portal/catedral.php?Id_catedral=4 Page at Ciudades Catedrals website] {{es icon}}
* [http://www.badajozjoven.com/paginas/turismo/monumentos/mon4.asp Detailed guide of the Catedral of Badajoz] {{es icon}}
{{commons category|Badajoz Cathedral}}
{{commons category|Badajoz Cathedral}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101223035013/http://www3.archimeridabadajoz.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=18&Itemid=51 Page with history and a video of the construction phases]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110725173431/http://www.ciudadescatedralicias.org/portal/catedral.php?Id_catedral=4 Page at Ciudades Catedrals website] {{in lang|es}}
* [http://www.badajozjoven.com/paginas/turismo/monumentos/mon4.asp Detailed guide of the Catedral of Badajoz] {{in lang|es}}


[[Category:Cathedrals in Spain]]
{{Cathedrals in Spain}}{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Roman Catholic cathedrals in Extremadura]]
[[Category:Churches in Extremadura]]
[[Category:Churches in Extremadura]]
[[Category:13th-century architecture]]
[[Category:Gothic architecture in Extremadura]]
[[Category:Gothic architecture in Spain]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Badajoz]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in the Province of Badajoz]]
[[Category:Badajoz]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1276]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1276]]
[[Category:Bienes de Interés Cultural]]
[[Category:Churches completed in the 1270s]]
[[Category:Bien de Interés Cultural landmarks in the Province of Badajoz]]

[[ca:Catedral de Badajoz]]
[[es:Catedral de San Juan Bautista de Badajoz]]
[[eo:Katedralo de Badajoz]]
[[fr:Cathédrale de Badajoz]]

Latest revision as of 21:16, 8 December 2024

Badajoz Cathedral
Metropolitan Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist
Catedral Metropolitana de San Juan Bautista
West façade in 2024.
Map
38°52′42.40″N 6°58′9.89″W / 38.8784444°N 6.9694139°W / 38.8784444; -6.9694139
LocationBadajoz
Address1, Plaza España
CountrySpain
DenominationCatholic
Websitecatedraldebadajoz.es
History
StatusMetropolitan Cathedral
DedicationJohn the Baptist
Architecture
StyleGothic
Groundbreaking15th Century
Specifications
Length70 m (229 ft 8 in)
Width40 m (131 ft 3 in)
Tower height40 m (131 ft 3 in)
Administration
ArchdioceseMérida–Badajoz
Clergy
ArchbishopCelso Morga Iruzubieta
TypeNon-movable
CriteriaMonument
Designated3 June 1931
Reference no.RI-51-0000394[1]

The Metropolitan Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist (Spanish: Catedral Metropolitana de San Juan Bautista) is a Catholic cathedral in Badajoz, Extremadura, western Spain. Since 1994, together with the Co-cathedral of Saint Mary Major of Mérida,[2] it is the seat of the Archdiocese of Mérida-Badajoz.

History

[edit]

After the reconquest of Badajoz in 1230 by King Alfonso IX of León, the new bishop Pedro Pérez initially adapted the former mosque in the Badajoz Alcazaba (citadel) as a cathedral. A new cathedral was not begun until the mid-13th century. The site chosen was that of a pre-existing Visigothic and Mozarabic church in the Campo de San Juan, situated outside the citadel.

View of the choir.

In 1270, though the construction was not finished, the new cathedral was consecrated and dedicated to St. John the Baptist. The various works on the building lasted until the 15th century, and were followed by some modifications and renovations in the 16th-17th centuries.

The church was declared a national historical monument in 1931. On July 28, 1994, Pope John Paul II established the Archdiocese of Mérida-Badajoz, making the Church of Saint John the Baptist its metropolitan cathedral.[3]

From 1587 to 1596, Cristóbal de Medrano became the Maestro de capillo at the Cathedral of Badajoz.[4]

Description

[edit]

Due to its position outside the citadel, the church has a fortress-like appearance, with strong walls and bastions, and a sturdy square tower. The tower measures 11 meters on each side and 14 meters in height, and consists in four sections, the top one housing the bells. The original design included two of such towers.

The church itself has a simple rectangular main façade with one marble portal, built in 1619. The portalis flanked by two Ionic columns and is surmounted by a niche with a statue of St. John the Baptist. The portal of St. Blaise, on the southern side, is most likely the oldest one: it is flanked by two pilasters and features a small image of the saint to which it is entitled. All the walls, and the tower as well, feature Gothic merlons. The cathedral's interior is in the late Gothic architectural style, and has a nave and two aisles, side chapels, a high altar (with a highly decorated Baroque retablo) and a choir with Plateresque stalls and a Baroque organ.

The cloister is in Manueline Portuguese style.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Iglesia Catedral de San Juan Bautista". Patrimonio Historico - Base de datos de bienes inmuebles (in Spanish). Ministerio de Cultura. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
  2. ^ Official website of the co-cathedral of Mérida Archived 2011-01-28 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Pope John Paul II (28 July 1994), "Constitutiones Apostolicae - Emeritensis Augustana" (PDF), Acta Apostolicae Sedis (in Latin), 86, Vatican: Congregation for Bishops: 936–937.
  4. ^ Diccionario de la música española e hispanoamericana. Internet Archive. [Madrid?] : Sociedad General de Autores y Editores. 1999. ISBN 978-84-8048-303-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

References

[edit]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Badajoz Cathedral.
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