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{{short description|British yacht racer}}
{{short description|British yacht racer (born 1939)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Sir]]
| honorific_prefix = [[Sir]]
| name = Robin Knox-Johnston
| name = Robin Knox-Johnston
| honorific_suffix = [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] [[Decoration for Officers of the Royal Naval Reserve|RD and bar]]
| honorific_suffix = [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] [[Decoration for Officers of the Royal Naval Reserve|RD*]]
| image = Robin Knox-Johnston.jpg
| image = Robin Knox-Johnston.jpg
| image_size =
| image_size =
| caption = Robin Knox-Johnston in 2013
| caption = Knox-Johnston in 2013
| birth_name = William Robert Patrick Knox-Johnston
| birth_name = William Robert Patrick Knox-Johnston
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1939|3|17|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1939|3|17|df=y}}
Line 13: Line 13:
| death_date =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| death_place =
| death_cause =
| nationality = British
| known_for = First single-handed non-stop [[circumnavigation]] of the globe
| known_for = First single-handed non-stop [[circumnavigation]] of the globe
| occupation = Sailor
| occupation = Sailor
| website = {{URL|RobinKnox-Johnston.co.uk}}
| website = {{URL|RobinKnox-Johnston.co.uk}}
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Suzanne Singer|1962|1967|end=divorced}}
* {{marriage||1972|2003|end=died}}
}}
| children = 1
}}
}}


'''Sir William Robert Patrick Knox-Johnston''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|CBE|RD}} (born 17 March 1939) is a British sailor. In 1969, he became the first person to perform a single-handed non-stop [[circumnavigation]] of the [[globe]]. Along with [[Peter Blake (sailor)|Sir Peter Blake]], he won the second [[Jules Verne Trophy]], for which they were also named the [[International Sailing Federation|ISAF]] Yachtsman of the Year award. In 2007, at the age of 67, he set a record as the oldest yachtsman to complete a round the world solo voyage in the [[Velux 5 Oceans Race]].
'''Sir William Robert Patrick Knox-Johnston''' [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] [[Decoration for Officers of the Royal Naval Reserve|RD*]] (born 17 March 1939) is a British sailor. In 1969, he became the first person to perform a single-handed non-stop [[circumnavigation]] of the [[globe]]. Along with [[Peter Blake (sailor)|Sir Peter Blake]], he won in 1994 the second [[Jules Verne Trophy]], for which they were also given the [[International Sailing Federation|ISAF]] [[ISAF World Sailor of the Year Awards|World Sailor of the Year Awards]]. In 2007, at the age of 67, he set a record as the oldest yachtsman to complete a round the world solo voyage in the [[Velux 5 Oceans Race]].

==Life==


==Personal life==
===Early life===
===Early life===
Knox-Johnston was born in [[Putney]] in [[London]], his birth was registered in [[Wandsworth]], in 1939. He was the eldest child of David R Knox-Johnston (1910-1970) and Elizabeth Magill née Cree (1908-1977), who were married in [[Tring]], in 1937.<ref>https://www.freebmd.org.uk</ref>
Knox-Johnston was born in [[Putney]], [[London]]. His birth was registered in [[Wandsworth]] in 1939. He was the eldest child of David R Knox-Johnston (1910-1970) and Elizabeth Magill née Cree (1908-1977), who were married in [[Tring]], in 1937.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freebmd.org.uk/|title=FreeBMD Home Page|website=www.freebmd.org.uk}}</ref>


Knox-Johnston was educated at the [[Berkhamsted School|Berkhamsted boys' school]]. From 1957 to 1968, he served in the [[British Merchant Navy|Merchant Navy]] and the [[Royal Naval Reserve]]. In 1965, he sailed his William Atkins design ketch ''[[Suhaili]]'' from [[Mumbai|Bombay]] to England. Her design is based on the Norwegian sailing lifeboat designs of [[Colin Archer]].
Knox-Johnston was educated at the [[Berkhamsted School|Berkhamsted boys' school]]. From 1957 to 1968, he served in the [[British Merchant Navy|Merchant Navy]] and the [[Royal Naval Reserve]]. In 1965, he sailed his William Atkins design ketch ''[[Suhaili]]'' from [[Mumbai|Bombay]] to England. Her design is based on the Norwegian sailing lifeboat designs of [[Colin Archer]].


Due to a lack of money he had to interrupt his voyage for work in South Africa as Master of a coaster and stevedoring and was only able to complete it in 1967. In 1968, he was one of nine sailors who attempted to achieve the first solo non-stop circumnavigation of the world in the [[Sunday Times Golden Globe Race|''Sunday Times'' Golden Globe Race]]. He was the third sailor to start the race, and the only one to complete the voyage.<ref>{{cite book |author=Robin Knox-Johnston |title=A World of My Own |publisher=Cassell & Co Ltd |year=1969 |isbn=0-304-93473-9 |oclc=76958}}</ref>
Due to a lack of money, he had to interrupt his voyage for work in South Africa as Master of a coaster and stevedoring and was only able to complete it in 1967. In 1968, he was one of nine sailors who attempted to achieve the first solo non-stop circumnavigation of the world in the [[Sunday Times Golden Globe Race|''Sunday Times'' Golden Globe Race]]. He was the third sailor to start the race, and the only one to complete the voyage.<ref>{{cite book |author=Robin Knox-Johnston |title=A World of My Own |publisher=Cassell & Co Ltd |year=1969 |isbn=0-304-93473-9 |oclc=76958}}</ref>


===Family===
===Family===
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==Circumnavigation of the Earth==
==Circumnavigation of the Earth==
[[File:GoldenGlobeRaceRoute.png|thumb|300px|The route of the ''Golden Globe Race'']]
[[File:GoldenGlobeRaceRoute.png|thumb|300px|The route of the ''Golden Globe Race'']]
On 14 June 1968 Knox-Johnston left [[Falmouth, Cornwall|Falmouth]] in his 32-foot (9.8-metre) boat ''[[Suhaili]]'', one of the smallest boats to enter the [[Sunday Times Golden Globe Race|''Sunday Times'' Golden Globe Race]]. Despite losing his self-steering gear off Australia, he rounded [[Cape Horn]] on 17 January 1969, 20 days before his closest competitor [[Bernard Moitessier]]. Moitessier had sailed from Plymouth more than two months after Knox-Johnston, but he subsequently abandoned the race and instead sailed on to Tahiti. The other seven competitors dropped out at various stages, leaving Knox-Johnston to win the race and become officially the first person to circumnavigate the globe non-stop and single-handed on 22 April 1969, the day he returned to Falmouth. Knox-Johnston donated his prize money for fastest competitor, a sum of £5,000, to the family of [[Donald Crowhurst]], another competitor in the race who had committed suicide after attempting to fake his round the world voyage.
On 14 June 1968, Knox-Johnston left [[Falmouth, Cornwall|Falmouth]] in his 32-foot (9.8-metre) boat ''[[Suhaili]]'', one of the smallest boats to enter the [[Sunday Times Golden Globe Race|''Sunday Times'' Golden Globe Race]]. Despite losing his self-steering gear off Australia, he rounded [[Cape Horn]] on 17 January 1969, 20 days before his closest competitor [[Bernard Moitessier]]. Moitessier had sailed from Plymouth more than two months after Knox-Johnston, but he subsequently abandoned the race and instead sailed on to Tahiti. The other seven competitors dropped out at various stages, leaving Knox-Johnston to win the race and become officially the first person to circumnavigate the globe non-stop and single-handed on 22 April 1969, the day he returned to Falmouth. Knox-Johnston donated his prize money for the fastest competitor, a sum of £5,000, to the family of [[Donald Crowhurst]], another competitor in the race who had committed suicide after attempting to fake his round the world voyage.


In recognition of his achievement, he was created a [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] (CBE).
In recognition of his achievement, he was appointed a [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] (CBE) in the [[1969 Birthday Honours]] for seafaring.<ref>United Kingdom list: {{London Gazette |issue=44863 |date=6 June 1969 |pages=5969 |supp=y}}</ref>


He later persuaded African-American sailor [[Bill Pinkney (sailor)|Bill Pinkney]] to follow the southern route around the Capes, rather than using the Panama and Suez canals to circumnavigate the Earth, and to become the first Black man to do so.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Green |first=Penelope |date=2023-09-01 |title=Bill Pinkney, Globe-Circling Sailor Who Set a Racial Mark, Dies at 87 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/01/sports/sailing/bill-pinkney-dead.html |access-date=2023-09-03 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
⚫
===Further exploits===

⚫
In 1970 (with Leslie Williams) and in 1974 (with Gerry Boxall), Knox-Johnston won the two-handed Round Britain Race. Knox-Johnston, Williams and their crew, which included [[Peter Blake (sailor)|Peter Blake]], took [[line honours]] of the 1971 Cape Town to Rio Race. Williams and Knox-Johnston jointly skippered (with Blake a crew member again) maxi yacht [[Condor of Bermuda|Heath's Condor]] in the 1977 [[Whitbread Round the World Race]]. They took the line honours in the second and fourth leg, the ones which Knox-Johnston skippered.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Knox-Johnston|first1=Robin|title=Races: 1977 - Whitbread|url=https://www.robinknox-johnston.co.uk/races/|website=Robin Knox-Johnston|access-date=25 October 2017}}</ref>
⚫
==Further exploits and later life==
⚫
In 1970 (with Leslie Williams) and in 1974 (with Gerry Boxall), Knox-Johnston won the two-handed Round Britain Race. Knox-Johnston, Williams and their crew, which included [[Peter Blake (sailor)|Peter Blake]], took [[line honours]] of the 1971 Cape Town to Rio Race. Williams and Knox-Johnston jointly skippered (with Blake a crew member again) the maxi yacht [[Condor of Bermuda|Heath's Condor]] in the 1977 [[Whitbread Round the World Race]]. They took the line honours in the second and fourth leg, the ones which Knox-Johnston skippered.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Knox-Johnston|first1=Robin|title=Races: 1977 - Whitbread|url=https://www.robinknox-johnston.co.uk/races/|website=Robin Knox-Johnston|access-date=25 October 2017}}</ref>


Knox-Johnston and Blake (who acted as co-skippers) won the [[Jules Verne Trophy]] for the fastest circumnavigation in 1994. Their time was 74 days 22 hours 18 minutes and 22 seconds. It was their second attempt to win this prize after their first one in 1992 had to be aborted when their [[catamaran]] ''Enza'' hit an object which tore a hole in the starboard hull.
Knox-Johnston and Blake (who acted as co-skippers) won the [[Jules Verne Trophy]] for the fastest circumnavigation in 1994. Their time was 74 days 22 hours 18 minutes and 22 seconds. It was their second attempt to win this prize after their first one in 1992 had to be aborted when their [[catamaran]] ''Enza'' hit an object which tore a hole in the starboard hull.


From 1992 to 2001, Knox-Johnston was president of the [[Sail Training Association]]. During his tenure the money was collected to replace the STA's vessels ''Sir Winston Churchill'' and ''Malcolm Miller'' with the new, larger [[brig]]s ''[[PNS Rah Naward|Prince William]]'' and ''[[Stavros S Niarchos (ship)|Stavros S. Niarchos]]''. He was trustee of the [[National Maritime Museum]] at [[Greenwich]] from 1992 to 2002 and still is trustee of the National Maritime Museum&nbsp;– [[Cornwall]] at Falmouth, where [[Suhaili]] is berthed today. The yacht has been refitted and took part in the Round the Island Race in June 2005.
In 1992, he was awarded the Harold Spencer-Jones Gold Medal by the [[Royal Institute of Navigation]] in recognition of his contributions to navigation.<ref name="HSJGMedal">{{cite web|url=https://rin.org.uk/page/Awards| title=Awards |publisher=Royal Institute of Navigation |access-date=12 May 2022}}</ref> From 1992 to 2001, Knox-Johnston was president of the [[Sail Training Association]]. During his tenure the money was collected to replace the STA's vessels ''Sir Winston Churchill'' and ''Malcolm Miller'' with the new, larger [[brig]]s ''[[PNS Rah Naward|Prince William]]'' and ''[[Stavros S Niarchos (ship)|Stavros S. Niarchos]]''. He was trustee of the [[National Maritime Museum]] at [[Greenwich]] from 1992 to 2002 and still is trustee of the National Maritime Museum&nbsp;– [[Cornwall]] at Falmouth, where [[Suhaili]] is berthed today. The yacht has been refitted and took part in the Round the Island Race in June 2005.


He was created a [[knight bachelor]] in 1995, allowing him to use the honorific title "Sir" in front of his first name.<ref>{{cite web |author=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston |url=http://www.robinknox-johnston.co.uk/da/20074 |title=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston's CV |access-date=24 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070902100842/http://www.robinknox-johnston.co.uk/da/20074 |archive-date=2 September 2007 }}</ref>
Knox-Johnston was [[knight bachelor|knighted]] in the [[1995 Birthday Honours]] for services to yachting,<ref name="GB">The United Kingdom:{{London Gazette |issue=54066 |date=16 June 1995 |pages=2 |supp=1}}</ref> allowing him to use the honorific title "Sir" in front of his first name.<ref>{{cite web |author=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston |url=http://www.robinknox-johnston.co.uk/da/20074 |title=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston's CV |access-date=24 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070902100842/http://www.robinknox-johnston.co.uk/da/20074 |archive-date=2 September 2007 }}</ref> He has been a Liveryman of the [[Honourable Company of Master Mariners]] and a Younger Brother of [[Trinity House]].<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Newsletter of the Society for Nautical Research |date=February 1993 |issue=9 |page=8}}</ref>


In 1996, Knox-Johnston established the first [[Clipper Round the World Yacht Race]] and has since worked with the Clipper Ventures company as chairman to progress the race to higher levels every year.<ref>{{cite web|author=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston |url=http://www.clipperroundtheworld.com/index.php/the_hatch/sir_robins_blog/ |title=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston's Blog |access-date=24 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823000708/http://www.clipperroundtheworld.com/index.php/the_hatch/sir_robins_blog/ |archive-date=23 August 2007 }}</ref> It is perhaps his greatest achievement to have introduced so many people to competitive sailing via their involvement in Clipper Ventures.
In 1996, Knox-Johnston established the first [[Clipper Round the World Yacht Race]] and has since worked with the Clipper Ventures company as chairman to progress the race to higher levels every year.<ref>{{cite web|author=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston |url=http://www.clipperroundtheworld.com/index.php/the_hatch/sir_robins_blog/ |title=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston's Blog |access-date=24 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823000708/http://www.clipperroundtheworld.com/index.php/the_hatch/sir_robins_blog/ |archive-date=23 August 2007 }}</ref> It is perhaps his greatest achievement to have introduced so many people to competitive sailing via their involvement in Clipper Ventures.


He completed his second solo circumnavigation of the world in the yacht ''Saga Insurance ''on 4 May 2007, finishing in fourth place in the Velux 5 Oceans Race.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/6623703.stm |title=Sailing legend crosses the line |publisher=BBC |date=4 May 2007 |access-date=24 August 2007}}</ref> At 68 he was the oldest competitor in the race.<ref>{{cite news |author=John Elliott |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2087-2168656.html |title=Old man of sea Knox-Johnston takes on world |work=The Sunday Times |date=7 May 2006 |access-date=2 July 2006}}</ref>
He completed his second solo circumnavigation of the world in the yacht ''Saga Insurance ''on 4 May 2007, finishing in fourth place in the Velux 5 Oceans Race.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/devon/6623703.stm |title=Sailing legend crosses the line |publisher=BBC |date=4 May 2007 |access-date=24 August 2007}}</ref> At 68, he was the oldest competitor in the race.<ref>{{cite news |author=John Elliott |url=https://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2087-2168656.html |title=Old man of sea Knox-Johnston takes on world |work=The Sunday Times |date=7 May 2006 |access-date=2 July 2006}}</ref>


In late 2008 and early 2009, Knox-Johnston took part in a BBC programme called ''Top Dogs: Adventures in War, Sea and Ice''. The programme saw him unite with fellow British legends Sir [[Ranulph Fiennes]], the adventurer, and [[John Simpson (journalist)|John Simpson]], the BBC world affairs editor. The team went on three trips, each experiencing each other's adventure field. The first episode, aired on 27 March 2009, saw Knox-Johnston, Fiennes and Simpson go on a potentially very dangerous news-gathering trip to Afghanistan. The team reported from the legendary [[Khyber Pass]] and infamous [[Tora Bora]] mountain complex. The three also undertook a voyage around [[Cape Horn]] and an expedition hauling sledges across the deep-frozen [[Frobisher Bay]] in the far north of Canada.
In late 2008 and early 2009, Knox-Johnston took part in a BBC programme called ''Top Dogs: Adventures in War, Sea and Ice''. The programme saw him unite with fellow British legends Sir [[Ranulph Fiennes]], the adventurer, and [[John Simpson (journalist)|John Simpson]], the BBC world affairs editor. The team went on three trips, each experiencing each other's adventure field. The first episode, aired on 27 March 2009, saw Knox-Johnston, Fiennes and Simpson go on a potentially very dangerous news-gathering trip to Afghanistan. The team reported from the legendary [[Khyber Pass]] and infamous [[Tora Bora]] mountain complex. The three also undertook a voyage around [[Cape Horn]] and an expedition hauling sledges across the deep-frozen [[Frobisher Bay]] in the far north of Canada.


Having served two years as president of The [[Cruising Association]], Knox-Johnston is now the association's patron. He is also a past-president of the [[Little Ship Club]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://littleshipclub.co.uk/ |title=Home |publisher=Little Ship Club |access-date=19 December 2016}}</ref>
Having served two years as president of The [[Cruising Association]], Knox-Johnston is now the association's patron. He is also a past-president of the [[Little Ship Club]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://littleshipclub.co.uk/ |title=Home |publisher=Little Ship Club |access-date=19 December 2016}}</ref>
He is the current president of Liverpool Yacht Club.


In November 2014, Knox-Johnston, at age 75, finished the solo transatlantic race the [[Route du Rhum]] in third place in the Rhum class. He crossed the finish line on his [[IMOCA 60|Open 60]] Grey Power at Pointe à Pitre at 16:52 hours local time/20:52 hours GMT after 20 days, 7 hours, 52 minutes and 22 seconds at sea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clipperroundtheworld.com/news/article/sir-robin-knoxjohnston-third-in-route-du-rhum--destination-guadeloupe-race-/ |title=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston third in Route du Rhum – Destination Guadeloupe race |website=Clipperroundtheworld.com |date=22 November 2014 |access-date=19 December 2016}}</ref>
In November 2014, Knox-Johnston, at age 75, finished the solo transatlantic race the [[Route du Rhum]] in third place in the Rhum class. He crossed the finish line on his [[IMOCA 60|Open 60]] Grey Power at Pointe à Pitre at 16:52 hours local time/20:52 hours GMT after 20 days, 7 hours, 52 minutes and 22 seconds at sea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clipperroundtheworld.com/news/article/sir-robin-knoxjohnston-third-in-route-du-rhum--destination-guadeloupe-race-/ |title=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston third in Route du Rhum – Destination Guadeloupe race |website=Clipperroundtheworld.com |date=22 November 2014 |access-date=19 December 2016}}</ref>


During the [[COVID-19 pandemic|2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic]], Knox-Johnston was one of several notable figures interviewed by ''The Guardian'' about their experiences with social isolation.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Moss|first=Stephen|date=2020-04-01|title='Start a daily routine – and make the weekends different': the isolation experts' guide to lockdown living|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/apr/01/start-a-daily-routine-and-make-the-weekends-different-the-isolation-experts-guide-to-lockdown-living-coronavirus|access-date=2020-04-30|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
Knox-Johnston was banned from driving for 18 months in November 2016 after being caught [[drink-driving|driving at more than twice the legal limit]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Sailor Sir Robin Knox-Johnston banned for drink driving |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-37915589 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=3 December 2024 |date=8 November 2016}}</ref> During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], he was one of several notable figures interviewed by ''The Guardian'' about their experiences with social isolation.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Moss|first=Stephen|date=2020-04-01|title='Start a daily routine – and make the weekends different': the isolation experts' guide to lockdown living|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/apr/01/start-a-daily-routine-and-make-the-weekends-different-the-isolation-experts-guide-to-lockdown-living-coronavirus|access-date=2020-04-30|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

In 2022, ''Suhaili's'' compass, which had been stolen soon after the completion of the 1969 circumnavigation, was left at the [[Holyhead Maritime Museum]] by the wife of the (now deceased) thief. After display at the museum, it will be returned to Knox-Johnston.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sir Robin Knox-Johnston's stolen compass handed in to museum |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-61404662 |website=BBC News |access-date=11 May 2022 |date=11 May 2022}}</ref>


==Books==
==Books==
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* ''Face to Face: Ocean Portraits'', by [[Huw Lewis-Jones]] 2010. {{ISBN|978-1-84486-124-8}}, Foreword. Conway and Polarworld.
* ''Face to Face: Ocean Portraits'', by [[Huw Lewis-Jones]] 2010. {{ISBN|978-1-84486-124-8}}, Foreword. Conway and Polarworld.
* ''Running Free'' 2019. Simon & Schuster.
* ''Running Free'' 2019. Simon & Schuster.
* ''Sea, Ice and Rock'' With Chris Bonington. Holder & Stoughton 1992.


==References==
==References==
Line 75: Line 83:


==External links==
==External links==
* {{World Sailing profile |memberid=234143 |id=GBRRK22}}
* {{World Sailing|robin-knoxjohnston-cbe|Robin Knox-Johnston CBE|id=GBRRK22}}
* [http://www.itvlocal.com/meridian/news?&void=235162/ Opening the Southampton Boat Show 2008]
* [http://www.itvlocal.com/meridian/news?&void=235162/ Opening the Southampton Boat Show 2008]
* [http://www.robinknox-johnston.co.uk/ Robin Knox-Johnston homepage]
* [http://www.robinknox-johnston.co.uk/ Robin Knox-Johnston homepage]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110904132337/http://www.asrecommended.co.uk/lifestyle/tips/?FaqID=63 ''Robin Knox-Johnston Interview'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110904132337/http://www.asrecommended.co.uk/lifestyle/tips/?FaqID=63 Robin Knox-Johnston interview]
⚫
* [http://www.stexboat.com/books/circumnav/ci_30.htm Chapter 30 of ''The Circumnavigators'' by Don Holm]
* [http://www.saga.co.uk/magazine/sailaway/sail-away.asp Robin Knox Johnston Online Game]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
⚫
* [http://www.stexboat.com/books/circumnav/ci_30.htm Chapter 30 of ''The Circumnavigators'' by Don Holm'']
* [https://www.amazon.com/s/url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=Robin+Knox-Johnston Books by Robin Knox-Johnston]
* [https://www.amazon.com/s/url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=Robin+Knox-Johnston Books by Robin Knox-Johnston]


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[[Category:Single-handed circumnavigating sailors]]
[[Category:Single-handed circumnavigating sailors]]
[[Category:British Merchant Navy personnel]]
[[Category:British Merchant Navy personnel]]
[[Category:Royal Navy personnel]]
[[Category:Royal Naval Reserve personnel]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:People in sports awarded knighthoods]]
[[Category:Sailors awarded knighthoods]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:People educated at Berkhamsted School]]
[[Category:People educated at Berkhamsted School]]
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[[Category:ISAF World Sailor of the Year (male)]]
[[Category:ISAF World Sailor of the Year (male)]]
[[Category:Volvo Ocean Race sailors]]
[[Category:Volvo Ocean Race sailors]]
[[Category:Members of Trinity House]]
[[Category:Golden Globe Race]]
[[Category:Clipper Round the World Yacht Race]]

Latest revision as of 09:19, 9 December 2024

Sir
Robin Knox-Johnston
CBE RD*
Knox-Johnston in 2013
Born
William Robert Patrick Knox-Johnston

(1939-03-17) 17 March 1939 (age 85)
Putney, London, England
OccupationSailor
Known forFirst single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the globe
Spouses
Suzanne Singer
​
​
(m. 1962; div. 1967)​
​
​
(m. 1972; died 2003)​
Children1
Websiterobinknox-johnston.co.uk

Sir William Robert Patrick Knox-Johnston CBE RD* (born 17 March 1939) is a British sailor. In 1969, he became the first person to perform a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the globe. Along with Sir Peter Blake, he won in 1994 the second Jules Verne Trophy, for which they were also given the ISAF World Sailor of the Year Awards. In 2007, at the age of 67, he set a record as the oldest yachtsman to complete a round the world solo voyage in the Velux 5 Oceans Race.

Personal life

[edit]

Early life

[edit]

Knox-Johnston was born in Putney, London. His birth was registered in Wandsworth in 1939. He was the eldest child of David R Knox-Johnston (1910-1970) and Elizabeth Magill née Cree (1908-1977), who were married in Tring, in 1937.[1]

Knox-Johnston was educated at the Berkhamsted boys' school. From 1957 to 1968, he served in the Merchant Navy and the Royal Naval Reserve. In 1965, he sailed his William Atkins design ketch Suhaili from Bombay to England. Her design is based on the Norwegian sailing lifeboat designs of Colin Archer.

Due to a lack of money, he had to interrupt his voyage for work in South Africa as Master of a coaster and stevedoring and was only able to complete it in 1967. In 1968, he was one of nine sailors who attempted to achieve the first solo non-stop circumnavigation of the world in the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race. He was the third sailor to start the race, and the only one to complete the voyage.[2]

Family

[edit]

In early 1962, in Cambridge, he married Suzanne (Sue) Singer, whom he had known from the age of eight; they had one daughter, Sara, who was born in Bombay whilst he was at sea. His wife left him when he proposed taking her and the child back to England in his new boat Suhaili, and they were divorced in 1967.[3] However, in 1972 they remarried in Winchester, and now have five grandchildren, Florence, Oscar, Xavier, Ralph, and Valentine. Sue died in 2003.[4]

Circumnavigation of the Earth

[edit]
The route of the Golden Globe Race

On 14 June 1968, Knox-Johnston left Falmouth in his 32-foot (9.8-metre) boat Suhaili, one of the smallest boats to enter the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race. Despite losing his self-steering gear off Australia, he rounded Cape Horn on 17 January 1969, 20 days before his closest competitor Bernard Moitessier. Moitessier had sailed from Plymouth more than two months after Knox-Johnston, but he subsequently abandoned the race and instead sailed on to Tahiti. The other seven competitors dropped out at various stages, leaving Knox-Johnston to win the race and become officially the first person to circumnavigate the globe non-stop and single-handed on 22 April 1969, the day he returned to Falmouth. Knox-Johnston donated his prize money for the fastest competitor, a sum of £5,000, to the family of Donald Crowhurst, another competitor in the race who had committed suicide after attempting to fake his round the world voyage.

In recognition of his achievement, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1969 Birthday Honours for seafaring.[5]

He later persuaded African-American sailor Bill Pinkney to follow the southern route around the Capes, rather than using the Panama and Suez canals to circumnavigate the Earth, and to become the first Black man to do so.[6]

Further exploits and later life

[edit]

In 1970 (with Leslie Williams) and in 1974 (with Gerry Boxall), Knox-Johnston won the two-handed Round Britain Race. Knox-Johnston, Williams and their crew, which included Peter Blake, took line honours of the 1971 Cape Town to Rio Race. Williams and Knox-Johnston jointly skippered (with Blake a crew member again) the maxi yacht Heath's Condor in the 1977 Whitbread Round the World Race. They took the line honours in the second and fourth leg, the ones which Knox-Johnston skippered.[7]

Knox-Johnston and Blake (who acted as co-skippers) won the Jules Verne Trophy for the fastest circumnavigation in 1994. Their time was 74 days 22 hours 18 minutes and 22 seconds. It was their second attempt to win this prize after their first one in 1992 had to be aborted when their catamaran Enza hit an object which tore a hole in the starboard hull.

In 1992, he was awarded the Harold Spencer-Jones Gold Medal by the Royal Institute of Navigation in recognition of his contributions to navigation.[8] From 1992 to 2001, Knox-Johnston was president of the Sail Training Association. During his tenure the money was collected to replace the STA's vessels Sir Winston Churchill and Malcolm Miller with the new, larger brigs Prince William and Stavros S. Niarchos. He was trustee of the National Maritime Museum at Greenwich from 1992 to 2002 and still is trustee of the National Maritime Museum – Cornwall at Falmouth, where Suhaili is berthed today. The yacht has been refitted and took part in the Round the Island Race in June 2005.

Knox-Johnston was knighted in the 1995 Birthday Honours for services to yachting,[9] allowing him to use the honorific title "Sir" in front of his first name.[10] He has been a Liveryman of the Honourable Company of Master Mariners and a Younger Brother of Trinity House.[11]

In 1996, Knox-Johnston established the first Clipper Round the World Yacht Race and has since worked with the Clipper Ventures company as chairman to progress the race to higher levels every year.[12] It is perhaps his greatest achievement to have introduced so many people to competitive sailing via their involvement in Clipper Ventures.

He completed his second solo circumnavigation of the world in the yacht Saga Insurance on 4 May 2007, finishing in fourth place in the Velux 5 Oceans Race.[13] At 68, he was the oldest competitor in the race.[14]

In late 2008 and early 2009, Knox-Johnston took part in a BBC programme called Top Dogs: Adventures in War, Sea and Ice. The programme saw him unite with fellow British legends Sir Ranulph Fiennes, the adventurer, and John Simpson, the BBC world affairs editor. The team went on three trips, each experiencing each other's adventure field. The first episode, aired on 27 March 2009, saw Knox-Johnston, Fiennes and Simpson go on a potentially very dangerous news-gathering trip to Afghanistan. The team reported from the legendary Khyber Pass and infamous Tora Bora mountain complex. The three also undertook a voyage around Cape Horn and an expedition hauling sledges across the deep-frozen Frobisher Bay in the far north of Canada.

Having served two years as president of The Cruising Association, Knox-Johnston is now the association's patron. He is also a past-president of the Little Ship Club.[15] He is the current president of Liverpool Yacht Club.

In November 2014, Knox-Johnston, at age 75, finished the solo transatlantic race the Route du Rhum in third place in the Rhum class. He crossed the finish line on his Open 60 Grey Power at Pointe à Pitre at 16:52 hours local time/20:52 hours GMT after 20 days, 7 hours, 52 minutes and 22 seconds at sea.[16]

Knox-Johnston was banned from driving for 18 months in November 2016 after being caught driving at more than twice the legal limit.[17] During the COVID-19 pandemic, he was one of several notable figures interviewed by The Guardian about their experiences with social isolation.[18]

In 2022, Suhaili's compass, which had been stolen soon after the completion of the 1969 circumnavigation, was left at the Holyhead Maritime Museum by the wife of the (now deceased) thief. After display at the museum, it will be returned to Knox-Johnston.[19]

Books

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  • A World of My Own. 1969, Cassell (reissued 2004 by Adlard Coles Nautical).
  • A Voyage for Madmen by Peter Nichols, 2001. HarperCollins Publishers.
  • Cape Horn, a maritime adventure 1995. Hodder & Stoughton.
  • The Columbus venture. 1991, BBC Books.
  • Seamanship 1987. Hodder & Stoughton.
  • Force of Nature with Kate Laven, 2007. Michael Joseph, London.
  • Face to Face: Ocean Portraits, by Huw Lewis-Jones 2010. ISBN 978-1-84486-124-8, Foreword. Conway and Polarworld.
  • Running Free 2019. Simon & Schuster.
  • Sea, Ice and Rock With Chris Bonington. Holder & Stoughton 1992.

References

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  1. ^ "FreeBMD Home Page". www.freebmd.org.uk.
  2. ^ Robin Knox-Johnston (1969). A World of My Own. Cassell & Co Ltd. ISBN 0-304-93473-9. OCLC 76958.
  3. ^ Robin Knox Johnston (2007). Force of Nature.
  4. ^ "Sir Robin Knox-Johnston". Retrieved 2 June 2009.
  5. ^ United Kingdom list: "No. 44863". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 June 1969. p. 5969.
  6. ^ Green, Penelope (1 September 2023). "Bill Pinkney, Globe-Circling Sailor Who Set a Racial Mark, Dies at 87". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  7. ^ Knox-Johnston, Robin. "Races: 1977 - Whitbread". Robin Knox-Johnston. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  8. ^ "Awards". Royal Institute of Navigation. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
  9. ^ The United Kingdom:"No. 54066". The London Gazette (1st supplement). 16 June 1995. p. 2.
  10. ^ Sir Robin Knox-Johnston. "Sir Robin Knox-Johnston's CV". Archived from the original on 2 September 2007. Retrieved 24 August 2007.
  11. ^ Newsletter of the Society for Nautical Research (9): 8. February 1993. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ^ Sir Robin Knox-Johnston. "Sir Robin Knox-Johnston's Blog". Archived from the original on 23 August 2007. Retrieved 24 August 2007.
  13. ^ "Sailing legend crosses the line". BBC. 4 May 2007. Retrieved 24 August 2007.
  14. ^ John Elliott (7 May 2006). "Old man of sea Knox-Johnston takes on world". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 2 July 2006.
  15. ^ "Home". Little Ship Club. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  16. ^ "Sir Robin Knox-Johnston third in Route du Rhum – Destination Guadeloupe race". Clipperroundtheworld.com. 22 November 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  17. ^ "Sailor Sir Robin Knox-Johnston banned for drink driving". BBC News. 8 November 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  18. ^ Moss, Stephen (1 April 2020). "'Start a daily routine – and make the weekends different': the isolation experts' guide to lockdown living". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  19. ^ "Sir Robin Knox-Johnston's stolen compass handed in to museum". BBC News. 11 May 2022. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
[edit]
Records
Preceded by Jules Verne Trophy
1994–1997 		Succeeded by
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