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{{Short description|1970 studio album by Aretha Franklin}}
{{use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox album
{{Infobox album
| name = Spirit in the Dark
| name = Spirit in the Dark
| type = [[Album]]
| type = studio
| artist = [[Aretha Franklin]]
| artist = [[Aretha Franklin]]
| cover = Spiritinthedarkcover.jpg
| cover = Spiritinthedarkcover.jpg
| alt =
| alt =
| released = August 24, 1970<ref name="Rhino Spirit">Franklin, Aretha. "Spirit in the Dark" (Remastered CD liner notes). Rhino. 1993.</ref>
| released = August 24, 1970<ref name="Rhino Spirit">Franklin, Aretha. "Spirit in the Dark" (remastered CD liner notes). Rhino. 1993.</ref>
| recorded =
⚫
| recorded = May 26–27, 1969<ref>{{cite web|author=Aretha Franklin, etc.|title=Atlantic Recording Sessions: May 26-27, 1969 (NYC)|url=https://www.jazzdisco.org/atlantic-records/discography-1969/#690526-2-|website=Jazz Disco|access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref><br>October 3, 1969<ref>{{cite web|author=Aretha Franklin with Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section|title=Atlantic Recording Sessions: October 3, 1969 (Miami, FL)|url=https://www.jazzdisco.org/atlantic-records/discography-1969/#691003|website=Jazz Disco|access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref>-March 10, 1970<ref>{{cite web|author=Aretha Franklin with The Dixie Flyers|title=Atlantic Recording Sessions: March 10, 1970 (Miami, FL)|url=https://www.jazzdisco.org/atlantic-records/discography-1970/#700310|website=Jazz Disco|access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref>
* May 26–27, 1969<ref>{{cite web|author=Aretha Franklin, etc.|title=Atlantic Recording Sessions: May 26–27, 1969 (NYC)|url=https://www.jazzdisco.org/atlantic-records/discography-1969/#690526-2-|website=Jazz Disco|access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref>
⚫
* October 3, 1969<ref>{{cite web|author=Aretha Franklin with Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section|title=Atlantic Recording Sessions: October 3, 1969 (Miami, FL)|url=https://www.jazzdisco.org/atlantic-records/discography-1969/#691003|website=Jazz Disco|access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref> – March 10, 1970<ref>{{cite web|author=Aretha Franklin with The Dixie Flyers|title=Atlantic Recording Sessions: March 10, 1970 (Miami, FL)|url=https://www.jazzdisco.org/atlantic-records/discography-1970/#700310|website=Jazz Disco|access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref>
| venue =
| venue =
| studio =
| studio = [[Criteria Studios|Criteria]] (Miami)
| genre = [[Soul music|Soul]], [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]]
| genre =
* [[Soul music|Soul]]
* [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]]
| length = 40:28
| length = 40:28
| label = [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]] <small>(#8265)</small>, <Br>[[Rhino Entertainment|Rhino]] (1993 Re-release)
| label =
* [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]]
* [[Rhino Entertainment|Rhino]] (1993 re-release)
| producer = [[Tom Dowd]], [[Arif Mardin]], [[Jerry Wexler]]
| producer =
* [[Tom Dowd]]
* [[Arif Mardin]]
* [[Jerry Wexler]]
| prev_title = [[This Girl's in Love with You (album)|This Girl's in Love with You]]
| prev_title = [[This Girl's in Love with You (album)|This Girl's in Love with You]]
| prev_year = 1970
| prev_year = 1970
Line 20: Line 30:
| misc = {{Singles
| misc = {{Singles
| name = Spirit in the Dark
| name = Spirit in the Dark
| type = Studio album
| type = studio
| single1 = [[Don't Play That Song (You Lied)]]
| single1 = [[Don't Play That Song (You Lied)]]
| single1date = May 1970
| single1date = May 1970
| single2 = [[Spirit in the Dark (song)|Spirit in the Dark]]"/"[[The Thrill Is Gone]]
| single2 = [[Spirit in the Dark (song)|Spirit in the Dark]]" / "[[The Thrill Is Gone]]
| single2date = August 1970
| single2date = August 1970
}}
}}
Line 31: Line 41:
|rev1score = {{rating|4.5|5}}<ref>[{{AllMusic|class=album|id=r66726|pure_url=yes}} AllMusic review]</ref>
|rev1score = {{rating|4.5|5}}<ref>[{{AllMusic|class=album|id=r66726|pure_url=yes}} AllMusic review]</ref>
|rev2 = ''[[Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies|Christgau's Record Guide]]''
|rev2 = ''[[Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies|Christgau's Record Guide]]''
|rev2Score = A<ref>{{cite book|last=Christgau|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Christgau|year=1981|title=[[Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies]]|publisher=[[Ticknor & Fields]]|isbn=089919026X|chapter=Consumer Guide '70s: F|chapter-url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_chap.php?k=F&bk=70|access-date=February 24, 2019|via=robertchristgau.com}}</ref>
|rev2score = A<ref>{{cite book|last=Christgau|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Christgau|year=1981|title=[[Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies]]|publisher=[[Ticknor & Fields]]|isbn=089919026X|chapter=Consumer Guide '70s: F|chapter-url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_chap.php?k=F&bk=70|access-date=February 24, 2019|via=robertchristgau.com}}</ref>
|rev3 = ''[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]''
|rev3 = ''[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]''
|rev3Score = 9.0/10<ref>{{cite web|last1=Marino|first1=Nick|title=Aretha Franklin Spirit in the Dark|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/aretha-franklin-spirit-in-the-dark/|website=Pitchfork|date=May 20, 2018|access-date=22 May 2018}}</ref>
|rev3score = 9.0/10<ref>{{cite web|last1=Marino|first1=Nick|title=Aretha Franklin Spirit in the Dark|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/aretha-franklin-spirit-in-the-dark/|website=Pitchfork|date=May 20, 2018|access-date=22 May 2018}}</ref>
|rev4 = ''[[Rolling Stone]]''
|rev4 = ''[[Rolling Stone]]''
|rev4score = (favorable)<ref name="rollingstone">{{cite magazine | last = Amatneek | first = Bill | title = Aretha Franklin: Spirit in the Dark : Music Reviews | magazine = [[Rolling Stone]] | access-date = 2014-01-17 | url = https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/arethafranklin/albums/album/203799/review/5943423/spirit_in_the_dark | date = November 12, 1970 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080512014905/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/arethafranklin/albums/album/203799/review/5943423/spirit_in_the_dark | archive-date = 2008-05-12 | url-status = dead}}</ref>
|rev4score = (favorable)<ref name="rollingstone">{{cite magazine | last = Amatneek | first = Bill | title = Aretha Franklin: Spirit in the Dark : Music Reviews | magazine = [[Rolling Stone]] | access-date = 2014-01-17 | url = https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/arethafranklin/albums/album/203799/review/5943423/spirit_in_the_dark | date = November 12, 1970 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080512014905/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/arethafranklin/albums/album/203799/review/5943423/spirit_in_the_dark | archive-date = 2008-05-12 | url-status = dead}}</ref>
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| headline = Side one
| headline = Side one
| title1 = [[Don't Play That Song (You Lied)|Don't Play That Song]]
| title1 = [[Don't Play That Song (You Lied)|Don't Play That Song]]
| writer1 = [[Ahmet Ertegun|Ahmet Ertegün]], Betty Nelson
| writer1 = [[Ahmet Ertegun|Ahmet Ertegün]], Betty Nelson
| length1 = 3:02
| length1 = 3:02
| title2 = [[The Thrill Is Gone|The Thrill Is Gone (From Yesterday's Kiss)]]
| title2 = [[The Thrill Is Gone|The Thrill Is Gone (From Yesterday's Kiss)]]
| writer2 = Rick Darnell, Roy Hawkins,<ref>{{cite web|last=Franklin|first=Aretha|title=The Thrill Is Gone (1970)|url=https://secondhandsongs.com/performance/138096/originals#nav-entity|website=Second Hand Songs|date=2003|access-date=8 September 2019}}</ref> Art Benson, Dale Petite
| writer2 = Rick Darnell, Roy Hawkins,<ref>{{cite web|last=Franklin|first=Aretha|title=The Thrill Is Gone (1970)|url=https://secondhandsongs.com/performance/138096/originals#nav-entity|website=Second Hand Songs|date=2003|access-date=8 September 2019}}</ref> Art Benson, Dale Petite
| length2 = 4:41
| length2 = 4:41
| title3 = Pullin'
| title3 = Pullin'
| writer3 = [[Jimmy Radcliffe]], [[Carolyn Franklin]],<ref>Franklin, Aretha. "You're All I Need to Get By" (Single). Atlantic. 1971.</ref> [[Aretha Franklin]]
| writer3 = [[Jimmy Radcliffe]], [[Carolyn Franklin]],<ref>Franklin, Aretha. "You're All I Need to Get By" (Single). Atlantic. 1971.</ref> [[Aretha Franklin]]
| length3 = 3:38
| length3 = 3:38
| title4 = You and Me
| title4 = You and Me
| writer4 = Aretha Franklin
| writer4 = Aretha Franklin
| length4 = 3:34
| length4 = 3:34
| title5 = Honest I Do
| title5 = Honest I Do
| writer5 = [[Jimmy Reed]], [[Ewart Abner|Ewart Abner Jr.]]
| writer5 = [[Jimmy Reed]], [[Ewart Abner|Ewart Abner Jr.]]
| length5 = 3:19
| length5 = 3:19
| title6 = [[Spirit in the Dark (song)|Spirit in the Dark]]
| title6 = [[Spirit in the Dark (song)|Spirit in the Dark]]
| writer6 = Aretha Franklin
| writer6 = Aretha Franklin
| length6 = 4:03
| length6 = 4:03
}}
}}
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| headline = Side two
| headline = Side two
| title7 = When the Battle Is Over
| title7 = When the Battle Is Over
| writer7 = [[Jessie Hill]], [[Dr. John|Mac Rebennack]]
| writer7 = [[Jessie Hill]], [[Dr. John|Mac Rebennack]]
| length7 = 2:43
| length7 = 2:43
| title8 = One Way Ticket
| title8 = One Way Ticket
| writer8 = Aretha Franklin
| writer8 = Aretha Franklin
| length8 = 2:52
| length8 = 2:52
| title9 = Try Matty's
| title9 = Try Matty's
| writer9 = Aretha Franklin
| writer9 = Aretha Franklin
| length9 = 2:32
| length9 = 2:32
| title10 = [[That's All I Want from You]]
| title10 = [[That's All I Want from You]]
| writer10 = [[Fritz Rotter]]
| writer10 = [[Fritz Rotter]]
| length10 = 2:44
| length10 = 2:44
| title11 = [[Oh No Not My Baby]]
| title11 = [[Oh No Not My Baby]]
| writer11 = [[Gerry Goffin]], [[Carole King]]
| writer11 = [[Gerry Goffin]], [[Carole King]]
| length11 = 2:55
| length11 = 2:55
| title12 = Why I Sing the Blues
| title12 = Why I Sing the Blues
| writer12 = [[B.B. King]], [[Dave Clark (promoter)|Dave Clark]]
| writer12 = [[B.B. King]], [[Dave Clark (promoter)|Dave Clark]]
| length12 = 3:05
| length12 = 3:05
}}
}}


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Information is based on the album's liner notes.<ref name="Rhino Spirit"/><ref name="Spirit70"/>
Information is based on the album's liner notes.<ref name="Rhino Spirit"/><ref name="Spirit70"/>
;Main
;Main
*Aretha Franklin – vocals (5, lead on 1–4, 6–12), piano (1-6, 8–12)
*Aretha Franklin – vocals (5, lead on 1–4, 6–12), piano (1–6, 8–12)
*[[Duane Allman]] – guitar (7)
*[[Duane Allman]] – guitar (7)
*Margaret Branch – background vocals (1-2, 7–8, 11)
*Margaret Branch – background vocals (1–2, 7–8, 11)
*Brenda Bryant – background vocals (1-2, 7–8, 11)
*Brenda Bryant – background vocals (1–2, 7–8, 11)
*Harold "Hog" Cowart – bass guitar (8-9, 12)
*Harold "Hog" Cowart – bass guitar (8–9, 12)
*[[Dave Crawford (musician)|Dave Crawford]] – organ (8-9, 12)
*[[Dave Crawford (musician)|Dave Crawford]] – organ (8–9, 12)
*[[Cornell Dupree]] – guitar (8, 11–12)
*[[Cornell Dupree]] – guitar (8, 11–12)
*[[Buzz Feiten]] – guitar (1)
*[[Buzz Feiten]] – guitar (1)
*Evelyn Green – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
*Evelyn Green – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
*Wylene Ivy – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
*Wylene Ivy – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
*Almeda Lattimore – background vocals (1-3, 9–12)
*Almeda Lattimore – background vocals (1–3, 9–12)
*[[Pat Lewis]] – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
*[[Pat Lewis]] – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
*Ray Lucas – drums (8, 12)
*Ray Lucas – drums (8, 12)
Line 107: Line 117:


;The Dixie Flyers<ref>{{cite web|last=Donn|first=Larry|title=Rockabilly Days: Sammy Creason|url=http://www.deltaboogie.com/rockabillydays/creason/|website=Delta Boogie|date=12 September 2019}}</ref>
;The Dixie Flyers<ref>{{cite web|last=Donn|first=Larry|title=Rockabilly Days: Sammy Creason|url=http://www.deltaboogie.com/rockabillydays/creason/|website=Delta Boogie|date=12 September 2019}}</ref>
*[[Sammy Creason]] – drums (1-2, 4, 6, 10)
*[[Sammy Creason]] – drums (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
*[[Jim Dickinson]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Harris|first=Craig|title=Biography: The Dixie Flyers|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-dixie-flyers-mn0000783942/biography|website=Allmusic|date=12 September 2019}}</ref> – additional keyboards (1-2, 4, 6, 10)
*[[Jim Dickinson]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Harris|first=Craig|title=Biography: The Dixie Flyers|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-dixie-flyers-mn0000783942/biography|website=Allmusic|date=12 September 2019}}</ref> – additional keyboards (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
*Charlie Freeman – guitar (1-2, 4, 6, 10)
*Charlie Freeman – guitar (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
*Tommy McClure – bass guitar (1-2, 4, 6, 10)
*Tommy McClure – bass guitar (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
*[[Michael Utley]] – additional keyboards (1-2, 4, 6, 10)
*[[Michael Utley]] – additional keyboards (1–2, 4, 6, 10)


;[[Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Kurutz|first=Steve|title=Biography: Jimmy Johnson|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jimmy-johnson-mn0002284695|website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=11 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Potter|first=Jeff|title=Roger Hawkins: The Pulse of Muscle Shoals|url=https://www.moderndrummer.com/2017/04/roger-hawkins-pulse-muscle-shoals/|website=Modern Drummer|date=26 April 2017 |access-date=11 September 2019}}</ref>
;[[Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Kurutz|first=Steve|title=Biography: Jimmy Johnson|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jimmy-johnson-mn0002284695|website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=11 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Potter|first=Jeff|title=Roger Hawkins: The Pulse of Muscle Shoals|url=https://www.moderndrummer.com/2017/04/roger-hawkins-pulse-muscle-shoals/|website=Modern Drummer|date=26 April 2017 |access-date=11 September 2019}}</ref>
Line 119: Line 129:
*[[David Hood]] – bass guitar (3, 5, 7, 11)
*[[David Hood]] – bass guitar (3, 5, 7, 11)
*[[Jimmy Johnson (session guitarist)|Jimmy Johnson]] – guitar (3, 5, 7, 11)
*[[Jimmy Johnson (session guitarist)|Jimmy Johnson]] – guitar (3, 5, 7, 11)

== Production ==
Recorded at Atlantic South-[[Criteria Studios|Criteria Studio]]s, Miami, Florida.
Recording Engineers: [[The Albert Brothers|Ron Albert]], Chuck Kirkpatrick & Lewis Hahn.
Produced by [[Jerry Wexler]], [[Tom Dowd]], [[Arif Mardin]]


==Charts==
==Charts==
{|class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+ Chart performance for ''Spirit in the Dark''
! Chart (1970)
! scope="col"| Chart (1970)
! Peak<br />position
! scope="col"| Peak<br />position
|-
| U.S. Billboard Pop Albums
|align="center"|25
|-
|-
{{album chart|Billboard200|25|artist=Aretha Franklin|rowheader=true|access-date=September 6, 2024}}
| U.S. Top R&B Albums
|align="center"|2
|-
|-
{{album chart|BillboardRandBHipHop|2|artist=Aretha Franklin|rowheader=true|access-date=September 6, 2024}}
|}
|}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Aretha Franklin}}
{{Aretha Franklin}}
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[[Category:Albums produced by Jerry Wexler]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Jerry Wexler]]
[[Category:Atlantic Records albums]]
[[Category:Atlantic Records albums]]
[[Category:Rhino Records albums]]
[[Category:Rhino Entertainment albums]]




Latest revision as of 22:00, 9 December 2024

Spirit in the Dark
Studio album by
Aretha Franklin
ReleasedAugust 24, 1970[1]
Recorded
  • May 26–27, 1969[2]
  • October 3, 1969[3] – March 10, 1970[4]
StudioCriteria (Miami)
Genre
Length40:28
Label
Producer
Aretha Franklin chronology
This Girl's in Love with You
(1970) 		Spirit in the Dark
(1970) 		Aretha Live at Fillmore West
(1971)
Singles from Spirit in the Dark
  1. "Don't Play That Song (You Lied)"
    Released: May 1970
  2. "Spirit in the Dark" / "The Thrill Is Gone"
    Released: August 1970
Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[5]
Christgau's Record GuideA[6]
Pitchfork9.0/10[7]
Rolling Stone(favorable)[8]

Spirit in the Dark is the seventeenth studio album by American singer Aretha Franklin, released on August 24, 1970, by Atlantic Records. It received critical acclaim, but was met with middling sales, despite having two hit singles, "Don't Play That Song (You Lied)", which peaked at #1 R&B, #11 on the Hot 100, and "Spirit in the Dark", peaking at #3 R&B and #23 Hot 100, in Billboard magazine. It was Aretha's first Atlantic album to fall short of Billboard's Top 20, but it is now seen as one of Aretha's classic Atlantic LPs.

In 1993, Rhino Records re-issued the album on compact disc.[1] "Try Matty's" is used as the jingle for radio host Matt Siegel's Boston Kiss 108 show.[9]

Track listing

[edit]

Unless otherwise indicated, Information is based on the album's liner notes[1][10]

Side one
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Don't Play That Song"Ahmet Ertegün, Betty Nelson3:02
2."The Thrill Is Gone (From Yesterday's Kiss)"Rick Darnell, Roy Hawkins,[11] Art Benson, Dale Petite4:41
3."Pullin'"Jimmy Radcliffe, Carolyn Franklin,[12] Aretha Franklin3:38
4."You and Me"Aretha Franklin3:34
5."Honest I Do"Jimmy Reed, Ewart Abner Jr.3:19
6."Spirit in the Dark"Aretha Franklin4:03
Side two
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
7."When the Battle Is Over"Jessie Hill, Mac Rebennack2:43
8."One Way Ticket"Aretha Franklin2:52
9."Try Matty's"Aretha Franklin2:32
10."That's All I Want from You"Fritz Rotter2:44
11."Oh No Not My Baby"Gerry Goffin, Carole King2:55
12."Why I Sing the Blues"B.B. King, Dave Clark3:05

Personnel

[edit]

Information is based on the album's liner notes.[1][10]

Main
  • Aretha Franklin – vocals (5, lead on 1–4, 6–12), piano (1–6, 8–12)
  • Duane Allman – guitar (7)
  • Margaret Branch – background vocals (1–2, 7–8, 11)
  • Brenda Bryant – background vocals (1–2, 7–8, 11)
  • Harold "Hog" Cowart – bass guitar (8–9, 12)
  • Dave Crawford – organ (8–9, 12)
  • Cornell Dupree – guitar (8, 11–12)
  • Buzz Feiten – guitar (1)
  • Evelyn Green – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
  • Wylene Ivy – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
  • Almeda Lattimore – background vocals (1–3, 9–12)
  • Pat Lewis – background vocals (3, 9–10, 12)
  • Ray Lucas – drums (8, 12)
  • Jimmy O'Rourke – guitar (9)
  • The Sweet Inspirations – background vocals (4, 6)
  • Ron "Tubby" Ziegler – drums (9)
The Dixie Flyers[13]
  • Sammy Creason – drums (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
  • Jim Dickinson[14] – additional keyboards (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
  • Charlie Freeman – guitar (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
  • Tommy McClure – bass guitar (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
  • Michael Utley – additional keyboards (1–2, 4, 6, 10)
Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section[15][16]

Production

[edit]

Recorded at Atlantic South-Criteria Studios, Miami, Florida. Recording Engineers: Ron Albert, Chuck Kirkpatrick & Lewis Hahn. Produced by Jerry Wexler, Tom Dowd, Arif Mardin

Charts

[edit]
Chart performance for Spirit in the Dark
Chart (1970) Peak
position
US Billboard 200[18] 25
US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)[19] 2

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Franklin, Aretha. "Spirit in the Dark" (remastered CD liner notes). Rhino. 1993.
  2. ^ Aretha Franklin, etc. "Atlantic Recording Sessions: May 26–27, 1969 (NYC)". Jazz Disco. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
  3. ^ Aretha Franklin with Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section. "Atlantic Recording Sessions: October 3, 1969 (Miami, FL)". Jazz Disco. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
  4. ^ Aretha Franklin with The Dixie Flyers. "Atlantic Recording Sessions: March 10, 1970 (Miami, FL)". Jazz Disco. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
  5. ^ AllMusic review
  6. ^ Christgau, Robert (1981). "Consumer Guide '70s: F". Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies. Ticknor & Fields. ISBN 089919026X. Retrieved February 24, 2019 – via robertchristgau.com.
  7. ^ Marino, Nick (May 20, 2018). "Aretha Franklin Spirit in the Dark". Pitchfork. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
  8. ^ Amatneek, Bill (November 12, 1970). "Aretha Franklin: Spirit in the Dark : Music Reviews". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
  9. ^ Mosley, Holly (August 24, 2018). "Album of the Week...'Spirit in the Dark'". Contactmusic.com.
  10. ^ a b Franklin, Aretha. "Spirit in the Dark" (Original Album Notes). Atlantic. 1970.
  11. ^ Franklin, Aretha (2003). "The Thrill Is Gone (1970)". Second Hand Songs. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
  12. ^ Franklin, Aretha. "You're All I Need to Get By" (Single). Atlantic. 1971.
  13. ^ Donn, Larry (September 12, 2019). "Rockabilly Days: Sammy Creason". Delta Boogie.
  14. ^ Harris, Craig (September 12, 2019). "Biography: The Dixie Flyers". Allmusic.
  15. ^ Kurutz, Steve. "Biography: Jimmy Johnson". AllMusic. Retrieved September 11, 2019.
  16. ^ Potter, Jeff (April 26, 2017). "Roger Hawkins: The Pulse of Muscle Shoals". Modern Drummer. Retrieved September 11, 2019.
  17. ^ Michael B. Smith and Roxanne Crutcher (May 2000). "The Most Important Things in Life are Rock & Roll...and a Hot Carr..." Swampland.com.
  18. ^ "Aretha Franklin Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  19. ^ "Aretha Franklin Chart History (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved September 6, 2024.


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