Stende: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Town in Latvia}} |
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{{about||the river|Stende River|the Soviet built freezer trawler formerly known by this name|Sinking of the Dalniy Vostok}} |
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{{other uses}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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| name = Stende |
| name = Stende |
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| other_name = |
| other_name = |
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| settlement_type = Town |
| settlement_type = Town |
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| image_shield = Stende |
| image_shield = Stende COA.svg |
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| shield_size = |
| shield_size = |
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| image_flag |
| image_flag = Stende town flag.png |
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| flag_size = |
| flag_size = |
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| image_skyline = Stendes pilsēta - panoramio.jpg |
| image_skyline = Stendes pilsēta - panoramio.jpg |
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| imagesize = |
| imagesize = |
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| image_caption = Stende city corner. |
| image_caption = Stende city corner. |
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| subdivision_type = Country |
| subdivision_type = Country |
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| subdivision_name = {{flag|Latvia}} |
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Latvia}} |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[ |
| subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Latvia|Municipality]] |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Talsi |
| subdivision_name1 = [[Talsi Municipality]] |
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| established_title = [[Town rights]] |
| established_title = [[Town rights]] |
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| established_date = 1991 |
| established_date = 1991 |
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| pushpin_map |
| pushpin_map = Latvia |
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| pushpin_label_position = above |
| pushpin_label_position = above |
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| pushpin_mapsize |
| pushpin_mapsize = 300 |
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| pushpin_map_caption |
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Latvia |
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| coordinates = {{ |
| coordinates = {{Coord|57|8|N|22|31|E|region:LV_type:city|display=inline,title}} |
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| nickname = |
| nickname = |
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| leader_title = [[Mayor]] |
| leader_title = [[Mayor]] |
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| leader_name = Solvita Ūdre |
| leader_name = Solvita Ūdre |
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| leader_title1 = City council |
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| blank_name_sec1 = Number of city council members |
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| leader_name1 = 7 members |
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| blank_info_sec1 = 7 |
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| area_total_km2 = |
| area_total_km2 = {{#invoke:wd|properties|raw|qualifiers|best|raw||P2046|P518=Q16868672}} |
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| area_footnotes = {{wikidata|reference|best||P2046|P518=Q16868672}} |
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| area_water_km2 = |
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| area_water_km2 = {{#expr:{{#invoke:wd|properties|raw|qualifiers|best|raw||P2046|P518=Q16868672}}-{{#invoke:wd|properties|raw|qualifiers|best|raw||P2046|P518=Q11081619}}}} |
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| area_land_km2 = |
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| area_land_km2 = {{#invoke:wd|properties|raw|qualifiers|best|raw||P2046|P518=Q11081619}} |
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| area_metro_km2 = |
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| |
| area_metro_km2 = |
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| |
| elevation_m = |
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| population_total = {{wikidata|property|qualifier|best||P1082}} |
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| population_metro = |
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| population_footnotes = {{wikidata|references|best||P1082}} |
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| population_density_km2 = |
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| population_as_of = {{#invoke:WikidataIB|formatDate|{{wikidata|qualifier|best|raw||P1082|P585}}|df=y}} |
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| population_metro = |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| population_density_metro_km2 = |
| population_density_metro_km2 = |
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| postal_code_type = [[Postal code]] |
| postal_code_type = [[Postal code]] |
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| postal_code = LV-3257 |
| postal_code = LV-3257 |
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| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbering plan|Calling code]] |
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbering plan|Calling code]] |
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| area_code = +371 632 |
| area_code = +371 632 |
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| timezone1 = [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |
| timezone1 = [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |
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| utc_offset1 = +2 |
| utc_offset1 = +2 |
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| timezone1_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]] |
| timezone1_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]] |
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| utc_offset1_DST = +3 |
| utc_offset1_DST = +3 |
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| website = http://www.stende.lv/ |
| website = http://www.stende.lv/ |
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| blank_name_sec1 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] |
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| blank_info_sec1 = [[Humid continental climate|Dfb]] |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Stende''' ({{audio|Lv-Stende.ogg|pronunciation}}; {{ |
'''Stende''' ({{audio|Lv-Stende.ogg|pronunciation}}; {{langx|de|Stenden}}) is a [[town]] in Latvia. |
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== History == |
== History == |
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The settlement was on the land of the [[Stende Manor|manor Stende]] since the 14th century. The whole of it was owned originally by the [[lord of the manor]] Philipp [[:de:Brüggen (Adelsgeschlecht)|von der Brüggen]], to whom it was granted by the [[Livonian Order]].<ref> |
The settlement was on the land of the [[Stende Manor|manor Stende]] since the 14th century. The whole of it was owned originally by the [[lord of the manor]] Philipp [[:de:Brüggen (Adelsgeschlecht)|von der Brüggen]], to whom it was granted by the [[Livonian Order]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.tournet.lv/page.php?id=3034|title= DIŽSTENDE / STENDESMUIŽA (STENDEN)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://manasvietas.blogspot.com/2015/06/dizstendes-muiza-gro-stenden.html|title= Latvian manors and castles and other interesting places. Dižstendes muiža (Groß-Stenden; Lielstendes, Stendes)|date= 6 April 2015}}</ref> |
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Rapid growth started when in 1904 a railway [[Stende Station|station Stende]] on the route Riga - Ventspils was established. During the [[First World War]] in 1915 Stende was occupied by German troops. |
Rapid growth started when in 1904 a railway [[Stende Station|station Stende]] on the route Riga - Ventspils was established. During the [[First World War]] in 1915 Stende was occupied by German troops. To supply troops Germans had to build a better connections to the nearby port of [[Roja Municipality|Roja]]. For this purpose [[narrow-gauge railway]] or in military terms a [[field railway]] from Roja to Stende was built. From Stende supplies could be shipped via main railroad line. |
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In 1991, Stende was granted city rights. |
In 1991, Stende was granted city rights. |
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== Demographics == |
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=== Population changes === |
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{{Historical populations |
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|title= |
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|source= [[Latvian Geospatial Information Agency]] |
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|align=none|cols=1 |
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| graph-pos = right |
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|1935 |719 |
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|1959 |1850 |
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|1970 |1851 |
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|1973 |1956 |
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|1979 |2034 |
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|1989 |2134 |
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|2000 |2012 |
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|2011 |1732 |
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}} |
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=== Ethnicities === |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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! Year!! Population!! [[Latvians]]!! [[Russians]]!! [[Belarusians]]!! [[Ukrainians]]!! [[Polish people|Poles]]!! [[Lithuanians]]!! [[Jews]]!! [[Gypsies]]!! [[Tatars]]!! [[Germans]]!! [[Estonians]]!! Others |
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|- |
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| 1935|| 719|| 690|| 9|| 0|| 0|| 13|| 0|| 3|| 0|| 0|| 4|| 0|| 0 |
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|- |
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| 1979|| 2034|| 1743|| 174|| 30|| 15|| 24|| 14|| 5|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| 29 |
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|- |
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| 1989|| 2134|| 1851|| 161|| 33|| 21|| 25|| 15|| 1|| 18|| 4|| 0|| 1|| 4 |
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|- |
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| 2000|| 2012|| 1800|| 116|| 26|| 17|| 20|| 15|| 1|| 9|| N/A|| N/A|| 0|| 8 |
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|- |
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| 2011|| 1732|| 1603|| 80|| 15|| 13|| 7|| 6|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| 8 |
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|- |
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| 2022|| 1550|| 1430|| 63|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| N/A|| 57 |
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|} |
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== Climate == |
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Stende has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb''). |
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{{Weather box |
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|location = Stende (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1923-present) |
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|metric first = Yes |
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|single line = Yes |
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|Jan high C = -0.3 |
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|Feb high C = -0.1 |
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|Mar high C = 3.9 |
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|Apr high C = 11.0 |
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|May high C = 16.7 |
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|Jun high C = 20.0 |
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|Jul high C = 22.5 |
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|Aug high C = 21.8 |
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|Sep high C = 16.8 |
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|Oct high C = 10.1 |
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|Nov high C = 4.5 |
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|Dec high C = 1.4 |
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|year high C = |
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|Jan mean C = -2.5 |
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|Feb mean C = -2.7 |
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|Mar mean C = 0.1 |
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|Apr mean C = 5.8 |
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|May mean C = 11.1 |
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|Jun mean C = 14.7 |
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|Jul mean C = 17.3 |
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|Aug mean C = 16.6 |
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|Sep mean C = 12.1 |
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|Oct mean C = 6.8 |
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|Nov mean C = 2.5 |
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|Dec mean C = -0.8 |
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|year mean C = |
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|Jan low C = -5.3 |
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|Feb low C = -5.8 |
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|Mar low C = -3.7 |
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|Apr low C = 0.8 |
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|May low C = 4.8 |
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|Jun low C = 8.7 |
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|Jul low C = 11.4 |
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|Aug low C = 11.2 |
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|Sep low C = 7.5 |
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|Oct low C = 3.3 |
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|Nov low C = 0.1 |
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|Dec low C = -3.0 |
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|year low C = |
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|Jan record high C = 9.5 |
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|Feb record high C = 12.0 |
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|Mar record high C = 18.3 |
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|Apr record high C = 27.5 |
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|May record high C = 33.4 |
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|Jun record high C = 32.6 |
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|Jul record high C = 33.6 |
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|Aug record high C = 34.3 |
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|Sep record high C = 29.7 |
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|Oct record high C = 23.5 |
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|Nov record high C = 16.1 |
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|Dec record high C = 11.6 |
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|year record high C = |
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|Jan record low C = -34.5 |
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|Feb record low C = -36.1 |
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|Mar record low C = -27.9 |
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|Apr record low C = -15.9 |
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|May record low C = -5.4 |
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|Jun record low C = -3.1 |
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|Jul record low C = 2.0 |
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|Aug record low C = -0.2 |
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|Sep record low C = -4.5 |
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|Oct record low C = -11.8 |
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|Nov record low C = -16.7 |
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|Dec record low C = -26.0 |
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|year record low C = |
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|precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 52.0 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = 39.1 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = 38.5 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 38.1 |
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|May precipitation mm = 46.0 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 71.4 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 78.1 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 83.4 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 64.0 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 74.9 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 57.5 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 52.5 |
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|year precipitation mm = |
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|unit precipitation days = 1 mm |
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|Jan precipitation days = 12 |
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|Feb precipitation days = 10 |
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|Mar precipitation days = 10 |
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|Apr precipitation days = 7 |
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|May precipitation days = 8 |
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|Jun precipitation days = 10 |
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|Jul precipitation days = 10 |
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|Aug precipitation days = 11 |
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|Sep precipitation days = 11 |
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|Oct precipitation days = 13 |
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|Nov precipitation days = 13 |
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|Dec precipitation days = 13 |
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|Jan sun = |
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|Feb sun = |
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|Mar sun = |
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|Apr sun = |
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|May sun = |
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|Jun sun = |
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|Jul sun = |
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|Aug sun = |
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|Sep sun = |
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|Oct sun = |
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|Nov sun = |
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|Dec sun = |
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|year sun = |
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|Jan percentsun = |
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|Feb percentsun = |
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|Mar percentsun = |
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|Apr percentsun = |
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|May percentsun = |
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|Jun percentsun = |
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|Jul percentsun = |
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|Aug percentsun = |
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|Sep percentsun = |
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|Oct percentsun = |
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|Nov percentsun = |
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|Dec percentsun = |
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|year percentsun = |
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|source 1 = LVĢMC<ref>{{cite web |
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| url = https://data.gov.lv/dati/dataset/klimatisko-normu-dati/resource/4ef4a2ac-b439-478a-83b3-cdd39b1eff77 |
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| title = Klimatisko normu dati |
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| publisher = [[Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre]] |
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| accessdate = March 24, 2023 |
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}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
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| url = https://klimats.meteo.lv/klimats/rekordi/ |
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| title = Gaisa temperatūras rekordi |
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| publisher = [[Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre]] |
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| accessdate = March 24, 2023 |
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}}</ref> |
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|source 2 = NOAA (precipitation days 1981-2010)<ref>{{cite web |
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| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Latvia/WMO_Normals_Excel_Template_Latvia_Stende.xls |
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| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981-2010 |
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| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |
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| accessdate = April 5, 2023 |
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}}</ref> |
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}} |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[List of cities in Latvia]] |
* [[List of cities in Latvia]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Commons category}} |
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{{Talsi Municipality}} |
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{{Courland-geo-stub}} |
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{{Cities and parishes of Talsi District}} |
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{{Latvian regional cities}} |
{{Latvian regional cities}} |
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[[Category:Towns in Latvia]] |
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[[Category:Cities and towns in Latvia]] |
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[[Category:Populated places established in 1991]] |
[[Category:Populated places established in 1991]] |
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[[Category:1991 establishments in Latvia]] |
[[Category:1991 establishments in Latvia]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in Talsi Municipality]] |
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{{Courland-geo-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 13:09, 10 December 2024
Stende | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Stende city corner. | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Stende Location in Latvia | |
| Coordinates: 57°8′N 22°31′E / 57.133°N 22.517°E | |
| Country |  Latvia |
| Municipality | Talsi Municipality |
| Town rights | 1991 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Solvita Ūdre |
| • City council | 7 members |
| Area | |
• Total | 4.84 km2 (1.87 sq mi) |
| • Land | 4.81 km2 (1.86 sq mi) |
| • Water | 0.03 km2 (0.01 sq mi) |
| Population (2024)[2] | |
• Total | 1,532 |
| • Density | 320/km2 (820/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | LV-3257 |
| Calling code | +371 632 |
| Climate | Dfb |
| Website | http://www.stende.lv/ |
Stende (ⓘ; German: Stenden) is a town in Latvia.
History
[edit]The settlement was on the land of the manor Stende since the 14th century. The whole of it was owned originally by the lord of the manor Philipp von der Brüggen, to whom it was granted by the Livonian Order.[3][4] Rapid growth started when in 1904 a railway station Stende on the route Riga - Ventspils was established. During the First World War in 1915 Stende was occupied by German troops. To supply troops Germans had to build a better connections to the nearby port of Roja. For this purpose narrow-gauge railway or in military terms a field railway from Roja to Stende was built. From Stende supplies could be shipped via main railroad line.
In 1991, Stende was granted city rights.
Demographics
[edit]Population changes
[edit] | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1935 | 719 | — |
| 1959 | 1,850 | +157.3% |
| 1970 | 1,851 | +0.1% |
| 1973 | 1,956 | +5.7% |
| 1979 | 2,034 | +4.0% |
| 1989 | 2,134 | +4.9% |
| 2000 | 2,012 | −5.7% |
| 2011 | 1,732 | −13.9% |
| Source: Latvian Geospatial Information Agency | ||
Ethnicities
[edit]| Year | Population | Latvians | Russians | Belarusians | Ukrainians | Poles | Lithuanians | Jews | Gypsies | Tatars | Germans | Estonians | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1935 | 719 | 690 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| 1979 | 2034 | 1743 | 174 | 30 | 15 | 24 | 14 | 5 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 29 |
| 1989 | 2134 | 1851 | 161 | 33 | 21 | 25 | 15 | 1 | 18 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 2000 | 2012 | 1800 | 116 | 26 | 17 | 20 | 15 | 1 | 9 | N/A | N/A | 0 | 8 |
| 2011 | 1732 | 1603 | 80 | 15 | 13 | 7 | 6 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 8 |
| 2022 | 1550 | 1430 | 63 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 57 |
Climate
[edit]Stende has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb).
| Climate data for Stende (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1923-present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 9.5 (49.1) |
12.0 (53.6) |
18.3 (64.9) |
27.5 (81.5) |
33.4 (92.1) |
32.6 (90.7) |
33.6 (92.5) |
34.3 (93.7) |
29.7 (85.5) |
23.5 (74.3) |
16.1 (61.0) |
11.6 (52.9) |
34.3 (93.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
3.9 (39.0) |
11.0 (51.8) |
16.7 (62.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.8 (71.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
10.1 (50.2) |
4.5 (40.1) |
1.4 (34.5) |
10.7 (51.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.5 (27.5) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
0.1 (32.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.1 (52.0) |
14.7 (58.5) |
17.3 (63.1) |
16.6 (61.9) |
12.1 (53.8) |
6.8 (44.2) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
6.8 (44.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.3 (22.5) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
0.8 (33.4) |
4.8 (40.6) |
8.7 (47.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
11.2 (52.2) |
7.5 (45.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
2.5 (36.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −34.5 (−30.1) |
−36.1 (−33.0) |
−27.9 (−18.2) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
−36.1 (−33.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 52.0 (2.05) |
39.1 (1.54) |
38.5 (1.52) |
38.1 (1.50) |
46.0 (1.81) |
71.4 (2.81) |
78.1 (3.07) |
83.4 (3.28) |
64.0 (2.52) |
74.9 (2.95) |
57.5 (2.26) |
52.5 (2.07) |
695.5 (27.38) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 12 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 128 |
| Source 1: LVĢMC[5][6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (precipitation days 1981-2010)[7] | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Reģionu, novadu, pilsētu un pagastu kopējā un sauszemes platība gada sākumā". Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
- ^ "Iedzīvotāju skaits pēc tautības reģionos, pilsētās, novados, pagastos, apkaimēs un blīvi apdzīvotās teritorijās gada sākumā (pēc administratīvi teritoriālās reformas 2021. gadā)". Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ "DIŽSTENDE / STENDESMUIŽA (STENDEN)".
- ^ "Latvian manors and castles and other interesting places. Dižstendes muiža (Groß-Stenden; Lielstendes, Stendes)". 6 April 2015.
- ^ "Klimatisko normu dati". Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
- ^ "Gaisa temperatūras rekordi". Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981-2010". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stende.
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