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Coordinates: 33°45′N 66°15′E / 33.75°N 66.25°E / 33.75; 66.25
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{{for|the Hazara tribe|Daikundi (tribe)}}
{{for|the Hazara tribe|Daikundi (tribe)}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Daycundi
| name = Daikundi
| native_name = دایکندی
| native_name = دایکندی
| native_name_lang = prs
| native_name_lang = prs
| settlement_type = [[Provinces of Afghanistan|Province]]
| settlement_type = [[Provinces of Afghanistan|Province]]
| image_skyline = Nili Daikundi.JPG
| image_skyline = Nili Daikundi.JPG
| image_caption = The town of [[Nili, Afghanistan|Nili]], the provincial center of Daykundi
| image_caption = The town of [[Nili, Afghanistan|Nili]], the provincial center of Daikundi
| image_map = Daykundi in Afghanistan.svg
| image_map = Daykundi in Afghanistan.svg
| map_caption = Map of Afghanistan with Daikundi highlighted
| map_caption = Map of Afghanistan with Daikundi highlighted
| coordinates = {{coord|33.75|66.25|region:AF_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|33.75|66.25|region:AF_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = [[Afghanistan]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Afghanistan}}
| established_title = Established
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 2004
| established_date = 2004
Line 28: Line 28:
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_as_of = 2021
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Languages of Afghanistan|Main languages]]
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Languages of Afghanistan|Main languages]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Persian language|Persian]]<br />([[Dari]] and [[Hazaragi]])
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Dari]], [[Hazaragi]]
| timezone1 = Afghanistan Time
| timezone1 = [[Time in Afghanistan|AFT]]
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 42XX
| postal_code = 42XX
| utc_offset1 = +04:30

| utc_offset1 = +4:30
| iso_code = AF-DAY
| iso_code = AF-DAY
| website = {{URL|http://daikundi.gov.af/}}
| website =
}}
}}
'''Daykundi''' ({{lang-prs|دایکندی}}), also spelled as '''Daikundi''', '''Daikondi''', or '''Daykondi''', is one of the thirty-four [[provinces of Afghanistan]], located in the central part of the country. It has a population of about 516,504 and is a [[Hazaras|Hazara]] dominated province.<ref name="nsia2">{{cite web |title=Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2020-21 |url=https://www.nsia.gov.af:8080/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%DB%B1%DB%B3%DB%B9%DB%B9-%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%DB%80-%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703171906/https://www.nsia.gov.af:8080/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%DB%B1%DB%B3%DB%B9%DB%B9-%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%DB%80-%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84.pdf |archive-date=3 July 2020 |access-date=6 June 2021 |publisher=Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, National Statistics and Information Authority}}</ref>
'''Daikundi''' ({{langx|prs|دایکندی}}) is one of the thirty-four [[provinces of Afghanistan]], located in the central part of the country. It has a population of about 516,504 people,<ref name="nsia2">{{cite web |title=Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2020-21 |url=https://www.nsia.gov.af:8080/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%DB%B1%DB%B3%DB%B9%DB%B9-%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%DB%80-%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703171906/https://www.nsia.gov.af:8080/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%DB%B1%DB%B3%DB%B9%DB%B9-%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%DB%80-%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84.pdf |archive-date=3 July 2020 |access-date=6 June 2021 |publisher=Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, National Statistics and Information Authority}}</ref> who are mostly peasants, traders, and shop owners.


Daykundi Province was carved out of the northern part of [[Uruzgan Province]] in 2004, becoming a separate province. It falls into the traditionally ethnic [[Hazaras|Hazara]] region known as the [[Hazaristan]] and the provincial capital is [[Nili, Afghanistan|Nili]]. It is surrounded by [[Bamyan Province]] in the northeast, [[Ghazni Province]] in the southeast, [[Uruzgan Province]] in the south, [[Helmand Province]] in the southwest, and [[Ghor Province]] in the northwest.
Daikundi falls into the traditionally ethnic [[Hazaras|Hazara]] region known as the [[Hazarajat]] in the highlands of central Afghanistan with the provincial capital, [[Nili, Afghanistan|Nili]]. It was carved out from the northern part of [[Uruzgan Province]] in 2004, becoming a separate province.

Daikundi is surrounded by [[Bamyan Province]] in the northeast, [[Ghazni Province]] in the southeast, [[Uruzgan Province]] in the south, [[Helmand Province]] in the southwest, and [[Ghor Province]] in the northwest.

== Geographic ==
{{Further|Geography of Afghanistan}}
[[File:Kōtal-e Qōnāq pass -Daykundi-Afghanistan.jpg|thumb|Kōtal-e Qōnāq Pass]]
[[File:Helmand-River-Shahristan-District-Daykundi-Afghanistan-4.jpg|thumb|View of the [[Helmand River|Helmand-River]]-[[Shahristan District|Shahristan-District]], Daikundi Province]]
The province of DaiKundi is located in central Afghanistan. The province is bordered on the south by Uruzgan, on the east by Ghazni and Bamiyan, on the north and west by Ghor, and the southeast by Helmand. Until March 2004, Dai Kundi was part of Uruzgan province. The [[Helmand River]] separates nearly 90 percent of the steep landscape.<ref>Program for Culture and Conflict Studies. (Mar 2017). Dai Kundi Province. Naval Postgraduate School. Retrieved from’https://nps.edu/web/ccs/dai-kund</ref>


==History==
==History==
{{Further|History of Afghanistan}}
Daykundi was established on March 28, 2004, when it was created from the isolated Hazara-dominated northern districts of neighboring [[Uruzgan Province]].
Daikundi was established on March 28, 2004, when it was created from the isolated Hazara-dominated northern districts of neighboring [[Uruzgan Province]].


==Development and security==
The province maintains its security through the Afghan police and military.<ref>{{cite web |title=Daykundi province reaches out for unity across Afghanistan &#124; ISAF - International Security Assistance Force |url=http://www.isaf.nato.int/article/news/daykundi-province-reaches-out-for-unity-across-afghanistan.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429060425/http://www.isaf.nato.int/article/news/daykundi-province-reaches-out-for-unity-across-afghanistan.html |archive-date=2012-04-29 |access-date=2012-07-30 |publisher=Isaf.nato.int}}</ref>
The province maintains its security through the Afghan police and military.<ref>{{cite web |title=Daykundi province reaches out for unity across Afghanistan &#124; ISAF - International Security Assistance Force |url=http://www.isaf.nato.int/article/news/daykundi-province-reaches-out-for-unity-across-afghanistan.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429060425/http://www.isaf.nato.int/article/news/daykundi-province-reaches-out-for-unity-across-afghanistan.html |archive-date=2012-04-29 |access-date=2012-07-30 |publisher=Isaf.nato.int}}</ref>

[[File:110503-F-ME751-007 (5851657361).jpg|thumb|250x250px|A NATO soldier in [[Nili, Afghanistan|Nili]] May 2011]]
While the [[Politics of Afghanistan|Government of Afghanistan]], [[Non-governmental organization|NGOs]], the [[United Nations]], and [[NATO]]'s [[International Security Assistance Force|ISAF]] forces have had little involvement in reconstruction in the province, there have been some initiatives. Following heavy rainfall and flooding in February 2007 the [[United Nations Assistance Mission for Afghanistan|United Nations Assistance Mission for Afghanistan (UNAMA)]] opened a sub-office in the province<ref name="UNAMA2">{{cite web |date=2007-05-28 |title=UN Office For The Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs : UNAMA Facing New Humanitarian Challenges |url=http://www.irinnews.org/report/72352/afghanistan-unama-facing-new-humanitarian-challenges |access-date=2018-07-19 |publisher=Irinnews.org}}</ref> and [[Oxfam]], one of the few NGOs operating in the province, described UNAMA's input into coordinating flood relief as impressive.<ref name="UNAMA2" />
While the [[Politics of Afghanistan|Government of Afghanistan]], [[Non-governmental organization|NGOs]], the [[United Nations]], and [[NATO]]'s [[International Security Assistance Force|ISAF]] forces have had little involvement in reconstruction in the province, there have been some initiatives. Following heavy rainfall and flooding in February 2007 the [[United Nations Assistance Mission for Afghanistan|United Nations Assistance Mission for Afghanistan (UNAMA)]] opened a sub-office in the province<ref name="UNAMA2">{{cite web |date=2007-05-28 |title=UN Office For The Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs : UNAMA Facing New Humanitarian Challenges |url=http://www.irinnews.org/report/72352/afghanistan-unama-facing-new-humanitarian-challenges |access-date=2018-07-19 |publisher=Irinnews.org}}</ref> and [[Oxfam]], one of the few NGOs operating in the province, described UNAMA's input into coordinating flood relief as impressive.<ref name="UNAMA2" />


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The United States began building new government institutions in the province. The insurgency problem and shortage of food continued until 2012. Several government officials have warned in October 2012 that "If the government or NGOs (non-governmental organizations) do not address the situation with proper assistance, Daikundi would witness many deaths this winter."<ref>{{cite web |author=Hadi Ghafari |date=2012-10-28 |title=Winter food crisis looms over Daikundi |url=https://www.afghanistan-analysts.org/miscellaneous/recommended-reading/winter-food-crisis-looms-over-daikundi/ |access-date=2018-07-19 |agency=[[Afghanistan Analysts Network]]}}</ref> In the meantime, a rebel leader along with his 150 fighters joined the government-initiated peace drive in [[Nili, Afghanistan|Nili]], capital of Daikundi province.<ref>{{cite news |author=Hadi Ghafari |date=2012-10-30 |title=150 rebels in Daikundi give up insurgency |agency=Pajhwok Afghan News |url=http://archive.pajhwok.com/en/2012/10/30/150-rebels-daikundi-give-insurgency |access-date=2018-07-19 |archive-date=2018-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719054607/http://archive.pajhwok.com/en/2012/10/30/150-rebels-daikundi-give-insurgency |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The United States began building new government institutions in the province. The insurgency problem and shortage of food continued until 2012. Several government officials have warned in October 2012 that "If the government or NGOs (non-governmental organizations) do not address the situation with proper assistance, Daikundi would witness many deaths this winter."<ref>{{cite web |author=Hadi Ghafari |date=2012-10-28 |title=Winter food crisis looms over Daikundi |url=https://www.afghanistan-analysts.org/miscellaneous/recommended-reading/winter-food-crisis-looms-over-daikundi/ |access-date=2018-07-19 |agency=[[Afghanistan Analysts Network]]}}</ref> In the meantime, a rebel leader along with his 150 fighters joined the government-initiated peace drive in [[Nili, Afghanistan|Nili]], capital of Daikundi province.<ref>{{cite news |author=Hadi Ghafari |date=2012-10-30 |title=150 rebels in Daikundi give up insurgency |agency=Pajhwok Afghan News |url=http://archive.pajhwok.com/en/2012/10/30/150-rebels-daikundi-give-insurgency |access-date=2018-07-19 |archive-date=2018-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719054607/http://archive.pajhwok.com/en/2012/10/30/150-rebels-daikundi-give-insurgency |url-status=dead }}</ref>


In July 2018, a bicycle competition was organized in the provincial stadium in Daikundi, between two teams of girls and boys.<ref name="auto2">TOLO News. (July 21, 2018). Daikundi Grils Attend Cycling Race for Peace. ToloNews. Retrieved from: https://tolonews.com/sport/daikundi-girls-attend-cycling-race-peace</ref> The bicycle competition was held to promote peace and harmony.<ref name="auto2"/> There were ten females and ten boys on each of the two teams, and medals, clothing, and other items were given to the winners.<ref name="auto2"/>
==Notable people==
{{more citations needed section|date=February 2022}}
Daykundi has a lot of famous writers, researchers, artists, athletes, authors, and story writers, for example:

* [[Sarwar Danish]], lawyer, and politician, who is the second vice president of Afghanistan.
* [[Muhammad Hussain Sadiqi Nili]], was a politician and a jihadist leader in Afghanistan.
* [[Sadiqi Zada Nili]], a politician.
* [[Asadullah Saadati]], a politician.
* [[Sarwar Sarkhosh]], a singer.
* [[Dawood Sarkhosh]], a singer.
* [[Hussain Sadiqi]], an athlete who won in some competitions in the world.
* [[Shakardokht Jafari]], a Medical Physicist who is a Medical Physicist and an award-winning innovator based at the Surrey Technology Centre. She developed an efficient and low-cost method of measuring a medical dose of radiation.
* [[Fatema Akbari]], an entrepreneur.
* [[Sahraa Karimi]], a Movie maker.
* [[Ali Payam]], a story writer, researcher, journalist, and lawyer who written and has published 27 books that contain fiction, law, politic and governance, and folklore.
* [[Hamza Waeezi]], a writer.
* [[Kawa Ayric]], a Drama writer.
* [[Zahra Mahmoodi]], a Former Captain of Afghanistan Women's National Football Team.
* Hosain Haidarbigi
* Ali Najafi
* [[File:Azra Jafari of Afghanistan in 2012.jpg|thumb|263x263px|[[Azra Jafari]], mayor of Nili and the first female mayor in Afghanistan speaks to members of the High Peace Council on April 15, 2012]]Sakina Mohammadi

==Media==
There are four radio stations in Daykundi, such as Sadaye Nili, Nasim, Aftab, and Milli Radio.


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{Further|Demography of Afghanistan}}
{{Further|Demographics of Afghanistan}}
As of 2020, the total population of Daykundi province is estimated to be around 516,504, which is mostly a rural tribal society. The ethnic [[Hazaras]] make up the majority of the total population of the province, who speake the [[Dari]] and [[Hazaragi]], eastern varieties of [[Persian language|Persian]].<ref name="nsia2" />
As of 2020, the total population of Daikundi is estimated to be around 516,504, which is mostly a rural tribal society. The ethnic [[Hazaras]] make up the majority of the total population of the province, who speak the [[Dari]] and [[Hazaragi]], eastern varieties of [[Persian language|Persian]].<ref name="nsia2" />


== Geographic ==
== Economy ==
{{Further|Economy of Afghanistan}}
The province of DaiKundi is located in central Afghanistan. The province is bordered on the south by Uruzgan, on the east by Ghazni and Bamiyan, on the north and west by Ghor, and the southeast by Helmand. Until March 2004, Dai Kundi was part of Uruzgan province. The [[Helmand River]] separates nearly 90 percent of the steep landscape.<ref>Program for Culture and Conflict Studies. (Mar 2017). Dai Kundi Province. Naval Postgraduate School. Retrieved from’https://nps.edu/web/ccs/dai-kund</ref>
The dry weather of Daikundi and its uncertainty of precipitation make farmers concerned about their farm products. They are mostly relying on irrigated land, as they are afraid they do not lose their time, capital, and their labors.


As Daikundi does not have enough rainfall, there is a low capacity for wheat, orchard crops, beans, and vegetable production in cultivation; this makes the household members not have enough required food.
== Livelihood ==
Daykundi is a mountainous province that is green and dominated by trees, bushes, wild food plants and agricultural land.<ref name="auto1">Food Security Cluster (n.d.). Daykundi Province Fact Findings (Qualitative Assessment) Report. Afghanistan Food Security Cluster. Retrieved fromhttps://fscluster.org/sites/default/files/documents/daykundi_facts_finding_assesment_reportfsac_inputs.pdf</ref>


Daikundi people have less access to markets as there is a long distance from rural areas to local markets, poor road networks, snowstorms in the winter, and insecurity. However, people still sell their fruits and nuts to the traders at the farm gates, which get transported to the provincial center and regional markets.
Most people have their small orchards producing almonds and fruits which they sell them to the market later on. Also, they take care of their animals very carefully and seriously as Livestock is one of the important sources of income and food for them; some of them have goats and sheep while few have their own cattle.<ref name="auto3">Food Security Cluster (n.d.). Daykundi Province Fact Findings (Qualitative Assessment) Report. Afghanistan Food Security Cluster. Retrieved from https://fscluster.org/sites/default/files/documents/daykundi_facts_finding_assesment_reportfsac_inputs.pdf</ref>


Since the water for irrigation has decreased in Daikundi province, farmers are very concerned about their food production and pasture; even, this has affected farmland leasing. The farmers are not interested to contract lease lands as their crop production is lower and strongly relies on precipitation. Therefore, farmland leasing has decreased in Daikundi province.
The labor opportunities are very few in the Daykundi province as most of the households go to other provinces in Afghanistan to look for seasonal work. 70% of the household income are coming from family members who are working outside Daykundi; this is one of the main livelihood options for the people of Daykundi.<ref>Country Research (Aug, 2005). RRT Research Response. Country Research of the Refugee Review Tribuna (RRT). Retrieved from https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4b6fe1150.pdf</ref>


The dry weather of Daikundi has not only affected farm production but also has negatively impacted livestock. The fodders and pastures are not enough and sufficient for the animals and they get common diseases like Tuberculosis, PPR (Peste Des Petits Ruminants), Sheep pox, foot and mouth diseases, etc. Even the dairy preservation is very poor in which milk and dairy are not sold in the market, except Kurut.
== Agriculture in Daykundi ==
The dry weather of Daykundi and its uncertainty of precipitation make farmers concerned about their farm products. They are mostly relying on irrigated land, as they are afraid they do not lose their time, capital, and their labors.<ref name="auto1"/>


The only season that dairy products are consumed is during the spring season between April and June. The rest of the year, people in Daikundi do not have access to better nutrition status and try to import dairy products, like yogurt, from other provinces.
As Daykundi does not have enough rainfall, there is a low capacity for wheat, orchard crops, beans, and vegetable production in cultivation; this makes the household members not have enough required food.<ref name="auto1"/>


Taking care of fruit trees is the most important agricultural part of Daikundi. The most common fruits are almonds, mulberry, and walnuts. The districts of [[Shahristan District|Shahristan]], [[Miramor District|Miramor]], and Ishtarlari are the main and major producers of these fruits.
Daykundi people have less access to markets as there is a long distance from rural areas to local markets, poor road networks, snowstorms in the winter, and insecurity. However, people still sell their fruits and nuts to the traders at the farm gates, which get transported to the provincial center and regional markets.<ref name="auto1"/>


Also, fruit tree plantations, which are mostly apples and almonds, have been increased and supported by NHLP, National Horticulture and Livestock Project.
Since the water for irrigation has decreased in Daykundi province, farmers are very concerned about their food production and pasture; even, this has affected farmland leasing. The farmers are not interested to contract lease lands as their crop production is lower and strongly relies on precipitation. Therefore, farmland leasing has decreased in Daykundi province.<ref name="auto1"/>


The Market of Daikundi is pretty functional throughout the year but it has its struggles over the winter season as communications become difficult.<ref>Food Security Cluster (n.d.). Daikundi Province Fact Findings (Qualitative Assessment) Report. Afghanistan Food Security Cluster. Retrieved from https://fscluster.org/sites/default/files/documents/daykundi_facts_finding_assesment_reportfsac_inputs.pd</ref>
The dry weather of Daykundi has not only affected farm production but also has negatively impacted livestock. The fodders and pastures are not enough and sufficient for the animals and they get common diseases like Tuberculosis, PPR (Peste Des Petits Ruminants), Sheep pox, foot and mouth diseases, etc.<ref name="auto1"/> Even the dairy preservation is very poor in which milk and dairy are not sold in the market, except Kurut.<ref name="auto1"/>


As a result of the above situation, the market and traders in the district centers make enough food stocks at their household level to ensure that there are enough stocks during the winter season.
The only season that dairy products are consumed is during the spring season between April and June. The rest of the year, people in Daykundi do not have access to better nutrition status and try to import dairy products, like yogurt, from other provinces.<ref name="auto1"/>


== Almond festival ==
Taking care of fruit trees is the most important agricultural part of Daykundi. The most common fruits are almonds, mulberry, and walnuts. The districts of [[Shahristan District|Shahristan]], [[Miramor District|Miramor,]] and Ishtarlari are the main and major producers of these fruits.<ref name="auto1"/>
The first [[Almond|Gole Badam]] Festival was held in Daikundi 14 years ago. In 2010, the Hazara International Network recommended that this Festival be held to commemorate the blossoming of the almond tree.<ref name="auto5">Admin. (April 1, 2013). Gole Badam Festival in Daikundi Province, the heart of Hazaristan. KabulPress.org. Retrieved from https://www.kabulpress.org/article151673.html</ref>


Almonds are the province's principal agricultural commodity, and many households rely on them for livelihood.<ref name="auto5"/>
Also, fruit tree plantations, which are mostly apples and almonds, have been increased and supported by NHLP, National Horticulture and Livestock Project.<ref name="auto1"/>


The city's Almond Festival, an annual event hosted by the province government, drew nearly 4,000 people from across Daikundi to celebrate.<ref name="auto5"/>
== Market and Agriculture ==
The Market of Daykundi is pretty functional throughout the year but it has its struggles over the winter season as communications become difficult.<ref>Food Security Cluster (n.d.). Daykundi Province Fact Findings (Qualitative Assessment) Report. Afghanistan Food Security Cluster. Retrieved from https://fscluster.org/sites/default/files/documents/daykundi_facts_finding_assesment_reportfsac_inputs.pd</ref>


Almond cultivation is a major contributor to the Daikundi economy.<ref name="auto5"/>
As a result of the above situation, the market and traders in the district centers make enough food stocks at their household level to ensure that there are enough stocks during the winter season.<ref name="auto3"/>

== Almond Festival Celebration in DayKundi ==
The first Gole Badam Festival was celebrated in Daykundi Province 14 years ago. In 2010, the Hazara People International Network recommended that this Festival be held to commemorate the blossoming of the almond tree.<ref name="auto5">Admin. (April 1, 2013). Gole Badam Festival in DayKundi Province, the heart of Hazaristan. KabulPress.org. Retrieved from https://www.kabulpress.org/article151673.html</ref>

Almonds are the province's principal agricultural commodity, and many households rely on them for livelihood. While the rest of Afghanistan is known for its opium production, [[Hazarajat|Hazaristan]], particularly Daykundi, has opted to focus on almond agriculture.<ref name="auto5"/>

The city's Almond Festival, an annual event hosted by the province government, drew nearly 4,000 people from all across Dai Kundi to each celeb on yearly basis.<ref name="auto5"/>

Almond cultivation is a major contributor to the Dai Kundi economy, and the almond festival brings together farmers, citizens, and government officials to enjoy and pray for a plentiful harvest. Almonds are the only significant commodity produced in Daykundi that is exported outside of Afghanistan.<ref name="auto5"/>

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Daykundi produces over 5,500 tons of almonds every year, accounting for around 11% of Afghanistan's total almond production. Zabul, Ghazni, Samangan, and Balkh are other important almond-growing regions.<ref name="auto5"/>


===Districts===
===Districts===
[[File:DaiKundi_Map.jpg|thumb|Districts of Day Kundi Province.]]
[[File:DaiKundi_Map.jpg|thumb|Current districts of Daikundi]]
[[File:Daykundi districts.png|thumb|Old districts of Daykundi.]]
[[File:Daykundi districts.png|thumb|Old districts of Daikundi]]
Daikundi province has 9 districts: [[Nili District|Nili]], [[Sangi Takht District|Sangi Takht]], [[Khadir District|Khadir]], [[Gizab District|Gizab]], [[Ishtarlay District|Ishtarlay]], [[Miramor District|Miramor]], [[Shahristan District|Shahristan]], [[Kajran district|Kajran]], and [[Kiti District|Kiti]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Afghanistan District Maps |url=https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=fe0f16a7b8da4157a7d7f9451a802d74 |access-date=10 September 2020 |website=arcgis.com}}</ref>
Daikundi province has 9 districts: [[Nili District|Nili]], [[Sangi Takht District|Sangi Takht]], [[Khadir District|Khadir]], [[Gizab District|Gizab]], [[Ishtarlay District|Ishtarlay]], [[Miramor District|Miramor]], [[Shahristan District|Shahristan]], [[Kajran district|Kajran]], and [[Kiti District|Kiti]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Afghanistan District Maps |url=https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=fe0f16a7b8da4157a7d7f9451a802d74 |access-date=10 September 2020 |website=arcgis.com}}</ref>
[[File:US_Army_ethnolinguistic_map_of_Afghanistan_--_circa_2001-09.jpg|thumb|250x250px|[[Ethnolinguistics|Ethnolinguistic]] groups of [[Afghanistan]]]]
[[File:The_Hazara_people_of_Daykundi_in_September_20,_2009.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Men of Daykundi province in 2009]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:100%;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:100%;"
|+Districts of Daykundi Province
|+Districts of Daikundi Province
! align="left" |District
! align="left" |District
! align="left" |Capital
! align="left" |Capital
Line 195: Line 165:
|42
|42
|290 villages. Hazaras<ref name="afghanpaper2" />
|290 villages. Hazaras<ref name="afghanpaper2" />
|-
|- bgcolor="#d3d3d3"
|-
|'''Daykundi'''
|[[Gizab District]]
|Gizab
|75,503
|1,945
|39
|Hazaras and Pashtuns
|-bgcolor="#d3d3d3"
|'''Daikundi'''
|
|
|'''516,504'''
|'''552,248'''
|'''17,501'''
|'''18,088'''
|'''30'''
|'''30'''
|Predominantly [[Hazaras]]
|Predominantly [[Hazaras]]
Line 207: Line 185:
==Economy==
==Economy==
{{Further|Economy of Afghanistan}}
{{Further|Economy of Afghanistan}}
[[File:Hazara women in Daikundi weaving handwoven carpets in the cold winter weather.jpg|thumb|Hazara women in Daykundi weaving handwoven carpets in the cold winter weather]]
[[File:Hazara women in Daikundi weaving handwoven carpets in the cold winter weather.jpg|thumb|Women weaving [[Afghan rug]]s during winter]]
[[Agriculture in Afghanistan|Agriculture]] is the main industry of the province. It is well known for its high-quality [[almond]]s, which are distributed throughout Afghanistan.
[[Agriculture in Afghanistan|Agriculture]] is the main industry of the province. It is well known for its high-quality [[almond]]s, which are distributed throughout Afghanistan.


== Climate in DayKundi ==
== Climate in Daikundi ==
Daikundi is the most vulnerable province to Climate Change in Afghanistan. The province experiences acute water shortages and droughts have poor [[soil quality]], and risks of avalanches, landslides, and flooding, which cause extensive damage to agricultural land, infrastructure, and food security.<ref name="auto4">Scanlon, A. (n.d.). Daikundi: Building Adaptive Capacity and Resilience to Climate Change. UNEP. Retrieved from https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/22974/Factsheet_DKD_english.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y</ref>
Daikundi is the most vulnerable province to Climate Change in Afghanistan. The province experiences acute water shortages and droughts have poor [[soil quality]], and risks of avalanches, landslides, and flooding, which cause extensive damage to agricultural land, infrastructure, and food security.<ref name="auto4">Scanlon, A. (n.d.). Daikundi: Building Adaptive Capacity and Resilience to Climate Change. UNEP. Retrieved from https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/22974/Factsheet_DKD_english.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y</ref>


Line 219: Line 197:
The above-mentioned organization also aims to build the capacity of local institutions to address climate change risk within the peri-urban extent of the rapidly developing Nili Town.<ref name="auto4"/>
The above-mentioned organization also aims to build the capacity of local institutions to address climate change risk within the peri-urban extent of the rapidly developing Nili Town.<ref name="auto4"/>


== Women Cycling Event ==
== Health ==
{{Further|Health in Afghanistan}}
On Thursday, July 12, 2018, a bicycle competition was organized in the provincial stadium in Daikundi province, in the center of Afghanistan, between two teams of girls and boys.<ref name="auto2">TOLO News. (July 21, 2018). Daikundi Grils Attend Cycling Race for Peace. ToloNews. Retrieved from: https://tolonews.com/sport/daikundi-girls-attend-cycling-race-peace</ref>
The crude death rate was 0.42 (0.25-0.68) (95 percent CI) and the under-five death rate was 0.66 (0.29-1.51) respectively (95 percent CI). Both rates are below the SPHERE emergency levels.


==Notable people==
The bicycle competition was held to promote peace and harmony throughout the country.<ref name="auto2"/>
{{more citations needed section|date=February 2022}}
[[File:The_Hazara_people_of_Daykundi_in_September_20,_2009.jpg|thumb|[[Eid al-Fitr]] in 2009]]
Daikundi has a lot of famous writers, researchers, artists, athletes, authors, and story writers, for example:


* [[Sarwar Danish]], lawyer, and politician, who is the second vice president of Afghanistan.
There were ten females and ten boys on each of the two teams, and medals, clothing, and other items were given to the winners.<ref name="auto2"/>
* [[Muhammad Hussain Sadiqi Nili]], was a politician and a jihadist leader in Afghanistan.

* [[Sadiqi Zada Nili]], a politician.
It is important to mention that the purpose of the event was to promote peace and support girls’ role in sports, said Mohammad Husain Sirat, the provincial director of information and culture.<ref name="auto2"/>
* [[Asadullah Saadati]], a politician.

* [[Sarwar Sarkhosh]], a singer.
== Death Rate ==
* [[Dawood Sarkhosh]], a singer.
The crude death rate was 0.42 (0.25-0.68) (95 percent CI) and the under-five death rate was 0.66 (0.29-1.51) respectively (95 percent CI). Both rates are below the SPHERE emergency levels.<ref name="auto3"/>
* [[Hussain Sadiqi]], an athlete who won in some competitions in the world.
* [[Shakardokht Jafari]], a Medical Physicist who is a Medical Physicist and an award-winning innovator based at the Surrey Technology Centre. She developed an efficient and low-cost method of measuring a medical dose of radiation.
* [[Fatema Akbari]], an entrepreneur.
* [[Sahraa Karimi]], a Movie maker.
* [[Zahra Mahmoodi]], a Former Captain of Afghanistan Women's National Football Team.


==See also==
==See also==
Line 246: Line 233:
* {{YouTube|JtcSluiFJcg|Daikundi Secure But Lacks Development: Residents}}, April 6, 2018, [[TOLOnews]].
* {{YouTube|JtcSluiFJcg|Daikundi Secure But Lacks Development: Residents}}, April 6, 2018, [[TOLOnews]].
* {{YouTube|tgeAOc48jNc|Angles UNFPA FHH in Daikundi 2015}}, May 25, 2016, [[United Nations Population Fund]] (UNFPA).
* {{YouTube|tgeAOc48jNc|Angles UNFPA FHH in Daikundi 2015}}, May 25, 2016, [[United Nations Population Fund]] (UNFPA).
* {{YouTube|ayT71A7E9qA|On the Road - Daykundi Province Season 2 (Dari)}}, December 26, 2011, TOLOnews/USAIDAfghanistan.
* [http://www.dvidshub.net/video/134409/b-roll-daykundi-province-handover-giroa Video: B-Roll, Daykundi Province Handover to GIRoA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719083825/https://www.dvidshub.net/video/134409/b-roll-daykundi-province-handover-giroa|date=2018-07-19}} by [[Defense Video & Imagery Distribution System]]
* [http://www.dvidshub.net/video/134409/b-roll-daykundi-province-handover-giroa Video: B-Roll, Daykundi Province Handover to GIRoA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719083825/https://www.dvidshub.net/video/134409/b-roll-daykundi-province-handover-giroa|date=2018-07-19}} by [[Defense Video & Imagery Distribution System]]
{{Geographic location|Centre=Daykundi Province|North=|Northeast=[[Bamyan Province]]|East=[[Ghazni Province]]|Southeast=|South=[[Uruzgan Province]]|Southwest=[[Helmand Province]]|West=|Northwest=[[Ghor Province]]}}{{Provinces of Afghanistan}}{{Daykundi Province}}{{Authority control}}
{{Geographic location|Centre=Daikundi Province|North=|Northeast=[[Bamyan Province]]|East=[[Ghazni Province]]|Southeast=|South=[[Uruzgan Province]]|Southwest=[[Helmand Province]]|West=|Northwest=[[Ghor Province]]}}{{Provinces of Afghanistan}}{{Daikundi Province}}{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Daykundi Province| ]]
[[Category:Hazarajat]]
[[Category:Hazarajat]]
[[Category:Provinces of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Provinces of Afghanistan]]

Latest revision as of 17:44, 10 December 2024

For the Hazara tribe, see Daikundi (tribe).
Daikundi
دایکندی
Province
The town of Nili, the provincial center of Daikundi
The town of Nili, the provincial center of Daikundi
Map of Afghanistan with Daikundi highlighted
Map of Afghanistan with Daikundi highlighted
Coordinates: 33°45′N 66°15′E / 33.75°N 66.25°E / 33.75; 66.25
Country Afghanistan
Established2004
CapitalNili
Government
 • GovernorAminullah Zubair[1]
 • Deputy GovernorHaji Sahib Rashid [2]
Area
[3]
 • Total
18,088 km2 (6,984 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[4]
 • Total
525,529
Time zoneUTC+04:30 (AFT)
Postal code
42XX
ISO 3166 codeAF-DAY
Main languagesDari, Hazaragi

Daikundi (Dari: دایکندی) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located in the central part of the country. It has a population of about 516,504 people,[5] who are mostly peasants, traders, and shop owners.

Daikundi falls into the traditionally ethnic Hazara region known as the Hazarajat in the highlands of central Afghanistan with the provincial capital, Nili. It was carved out from the northern part of Uruzgan Province in 2004, becoming a separate province.

Daikundi is surrounded by Bamyan Province in the northeast, Ghazni Province in the southeast, Uruzgan Province in the south, Helmand Province in the southwest, and Ghor Province in the northwest.

Geographic

[edit]
Further information: Geography of Afghanistan
Kōtal-e Qōnāq Pass
View of the Helmand-River-Shahristan-District, Daikundi Province

The province of DaiKundi is located in central Afghanistan. The province is bordered on the south by Uruzgan, on the east by Ghazni and Bamiyan, on the north and west by Ghor, and the southeast by Helmand. Until March 2004, Dai Kundi was part of Uruzgan province. The Helmand River separates nearly 90 percent of the steep landscape.[6]

History

[edit]
Further information: History of Afghanistan

Daikundi was established on March 28, 2004, when it was created from the isolated Hazara-dominated northern districts of neighboring Uruzgan Province.

The province maintains its security through the Afghan police and military.[7]

While the Government of Afghanistan, NGOs, the United Nations, and NATO's ISAF forces have had little involvement in reconstruction in the province, there have been some initiatives. Following heavy rainfall and flooding in February 2007 the United Nations Assistance Mission for Afghanistan (UNAMA) opened a sub-office in the province[8] and Oxfam, one of the few NGOs operating in the province, described UNAMA's input into coordinating flood relief as impressive.[8]

In November 2007 a World Food Programme convoy carrying mixed food aid was forced to abandon its mission due to security concerns and Afghanistan's Interior Ministry confirmed that Taliban insurgents had infiltrated the southern district of Kajran in a bid to destabilize the province. On 11 November 2007 Afghan forces launched a military operation to drive out the insurgents.[9]

The United States began building new government institutions in the province. The insurgency problem and shortage of food continued until 2012. Several government officials have warned in October 2012 that "If the government or NGOs (non-governmental organizations) do not address the situation with proper assistance, Daikundi would witness many deaths this winter."[10] In the meantime, a rebel leader along with his 150 fighters joined the government-initiated peace drive in Nili, capital of Daikundi province.[11]

In July 2018, a bicycle competition was organized in the provincial stadium in Daikundi, between two teams of girls and boys.[12] The bicycle competition was held to promote peace and harmony.[12] There were ten females and ten boys on each of the two teams, and medals, clothing, and other items were given to the winners.[12]

Demographics

[edit]
Further information: Demographics of Afghanistan

As of 2020, the total population of Daikundi is estimated to be around 516,504, which is mostly a rural tribal society. The ethnic Hazaras make up the majority of the total population of the province, who speak the Dari and Hazaragi, eastern varieties of Persian.[5]

Economy

[edit]
Further information: Economy of Afghanistan

The dry weather of Daikundi and its uncertainty of precipitation make farmers concerned about their farm products. They are mostly relying on irrigated land, as they are afraid they do not lose their time, capital, and their labors.

As Daikundi does not have enough rainfall, there is a low capacity for wheat, orchard crops, beans, and vegetable production in cultivation; this makes the household members not have enough required food.

Daikundi people have less access to markets as there is a long distance from rural areas to local markets, poor road networks, snowstorms in the winter, and insecurity. However, people still sell their fruits and nuts to the traders at the farm gates, which get transported to the provincial center and regional markets.

Since the water for irrigation has decreased in Daikundi province, farmers are very concerned about their food production and pasture; even, this has affected farmland leasing. The farmers are not interested to contract lease lands as their crop production is lower and strongly relies on precipitation. Therefore, farmland leasing has decreased in Daikundi province.

The dry weather of Daikundi has not only affected farm production but also has negatively impacted livestock. The fodders and pastures are not enough and sufficient for the animals and they get common diseases like Tuberculosis, PPR (Peste Des Petits Ruminants), Sheep pox, foot and mouth diseases, etc. Even the dairy preservation is very poor in which milk and dairy are not sold in the market, except Kurut.

The only season that dairy products are consumed is during the spring season between April and June. The rest of the year, people in Daikundi do not have access to better nutrition status and try to import dairy products, like yogurt, from other provinces.

Taking care of fruit trees is the most important agricultural part of Daikundi. The most common fruits are almonds, mulberry, and walnuts. The districts of Shahristan, Miramor, and Ishtarlari are the main and major producers of these fruits.

Also, fruit tree plantations, which are mostly apples and almonds, have been increased and supported by NHLP, National Horticulture and Livestock Project.

The Market of Daikundi is pretty functional throughout the year but it has its struggles over the winter season as communications become difficult.[13]

As a result of the above situation, the market and traders in the district centers make enough food stocks at their household level to ensure that there are enough stocks during the winter season.

Almond festival

[edit]

The first Gole Badam Festival was held in Daikundi 14 years ago. In 2010, the Hazara International Network recommended that this Festival be held to commemorate the blossoming of the almond tree.[14]

Almonds are the province's principal agricultural commodity, and many households rely on them for livelihood.[14]

The city's Almond Festival, an annual event hosted by the province government, drew nearly 4,000 people from across Daikundi to celebrate.[14]

Almond cultivation is a major contributor to the Daikundi economy.[14]

Districts

[edit]
Current districts of Daikundi
Old districts of Daikundi

Daikundi province has 9 districts: Nili, Sangi Takht, Khadir, Gizab, Ishtarlay, Miramor, Shahristan, Kajran, and Kiti.[15]

Districts of Daikundi Province
District Capital Population[12] Area
in km2 		Pop.
density 		Number of villages and ethnic groups
Ishtarlay 61,174 1,607 38 343 villages. Hazaras[16]
Kijran 37,062 882 42 Balochs, Hazaras[17]
Khedir 53,434 1,744 31 294 villages. Hazaras[16]
Kitti 56,436 1,004 56 196 villages. Hazaras[16]
Miramor 86,024 2,208 39 326 villages. Hazaras[16]
Nili Nili 42,832 591 72 165 villages. Hazaras[16]
Sangi Takht 59,043 1,711 35 Hazaras[16]
Shahristan 80,740 1,916 42 290 villages. Hazaras[16]
Gizab District Gizab 75,503 1,945 39 Hazaras and Pashtuns
Daikundi 552,248 18,088 30 Predominantly Hazaras

Economy

[edit]
Further information: Economy of Afghanistan
Women weaving Afghan rugs during winter

Agriculture is the main industry of the province. It is well known for its high-quality almonds, which are distributed throughout Afghanistan.

Climate in Daikundi

[edit]

Daikundi is the most vulnerable province to Climate Change in Afghanistan. The province experiences acute water shortages and droughts have poor soil quality, and risks of avalanches, landslides, and flooding, which cause extensive damage to agricultural land, infrastructure, and food security.[18]

The impacts of climate change in Daikundi are manifold, mostly due to the limited institutional capacity to plan and respond to these impacts.[18]

With support from the Global Environment Facility (GEF), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) are cooperating on pilot field demonstrations in Daikundi province that aim to build environment adaptive and resilience of vulnerable villages to climate change impacts.[19]

The above-mentioned organization also aims to build the capacity of local institutions to address climate change risk within the peri-urban extent of the rapidly developing Nili Town.[18]

Health

[edit]
Further information: Health in Afghanistan

The crude death rate was 0.42 (0.25-0.68) (95 percent CI) and the under-five death rate was 0.66 (0.29-1.51) respectively (95 percent CI). Both rates are below the SPHERE emergency levels.

Notable people

[edit]
Eid al-Fitr in 2009

Daikundi has a lot of famous writers, researchers, artists, athletes, authors, and story writers, for example:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Over 800 Hazara Families Ordered Out Of Their Homes By Taliban". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
  2. ^ "د نږدې شلو ولایاتو لپاره نوي والیان او امنیې قوماندانان وټاکل شول". November 7, 2021.
  3. ^ "Statoids". Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  4. ^ "Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2021-22" (PDF). National Statistic and Information Authority (NSIA). April 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
  5. ^ a b "Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2020-21" (PDF). Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, National Statistics and Information Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  6. ^ Program for Culture and Conflict Studies. (Mar 2017). Dai Kundi Province. Naval Postgraduate School. Retrieved from’https://nps.edu/web/ccs/dai-kund
  7. ^ "Daykundi province reaches out for unity across Afghanistan | ISAF - International Security Assistance Force". Isaf.nato.int. Archived from the original on 2012-04-29. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
  8. ^ a b "UN Office For The Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs : UNAMA Facing New Humanitarian Challenges". Irinnews.org. 2007-05-28. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  9. ^ John Pike (2007-11-14). "UN-OCHA Integrated Regional Information Networks : Insecurity Stops Food Aid to a Day Kundi District". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  10. ^ Hadi Ghafari (2012-10-28). "Winter food crisis looms over Daikundi". Afghanistan Analysts Network. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  11. ^ Hadi Ghafari (2012-10-30). "150 rebels in Daikundi give up insurgency". Pajhwok Afghan News. Archived from the original on 2018-07-19. Retrieved 2018-07-19.
  12. ^ a b c d TOLO News. (July 21, 2018). Daikundi Grils Attend Cycling Race for Peace. ToloNews. Retrieved from: https://tolonews.com/sport/daikundi-girls-attend-cycling-race-peace
  13. ^ Food Security Cluster (n.d.). Daikundi Province Fact Findings (Qualitative Assessment) Report. Afghanistan Food Security Cluster. Retrieved from https://fscluster.org/sites/default/files/documents/daykundi_facts_finding_assesment_reportfsac_inputs.pd
  14. ^ a b c d Admin. (April 1, 2013). Gole Badam Festival in Daikundi Province, the heart of Hazaristan. KabulPress.org. Retrieved from https://www.kabulpress.org/article151673.html
  15. ^ "Afghanistan District Maps". arcgis.com. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g "DaiKundi Province". Government of Afghanistan and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
  17. ^ https://www.avapress.com/fa/news/187832 هشدار محقق از خطر نابودی بلوچ‌های شیعه در دایکندی توسط طالبان و با چراغ سبز حکومت, 2019
  18. ^ a b c Scanlon, A. (n.d.). Daikundi: Building Adaptive Capacity and Resilience to Climate Change. UNEP. Retrieved from https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/22974/Factsheet_DKD_english.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  19. ^ Scanlon, A. (n.d.). Daikundi: Building Adaptive Capacity and Resilience to Climate Change. UNEP. Retrieved from https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/22974/Factsheet_DKD_english.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
[edit]
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