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{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Benny Benson
| name = Benny Benson
| image = File:Benny Benson holding the flag of Alaska that he designed.jpg
| image = Benny Benson holding the flag of Alaska that he designed.jpg
| image_size = 190x260px
| image_size = 190x260px
| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Benson c. 1927
| caption = Benson {{circa|1927}}
| birth_name =
| birth_name = John Ben Benson Jr.
| birth_date = {{birth date|1912|09|12}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1912|09|12}}
| birth_place = [[Chignik, Alaska|Chignik]], [[Territory of Alaska]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[Chignik, Alaska]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1972|07|02|1912|09|12}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1972|07|02|1912|09|12}}
| death_place = [[Kodiak, Alaska|Kodiak]], [[Alaska]], U.S.
| death_place = [[Kodiak, Alaska]], U.S.
| nationality = [[Americans|American]]
| other_names =
| other_names =
| occupation = Flag designer, airplane mechanic
| occupation = {{hlist|Flag designer|airplane mechanic}}
| years active = 1927−1969
| years active = 1927−1969
| employer = Kodiak Airways
| employer = Kodiak Airways
Line 19: Line 18:
| spouse = {{ubl
| spouse = {{ubl
| {{marriage|Betty Van Hise|1938|1950|end=div}}
| {{marriage|Betty Van Hise|1938|1950|end=div}}
| {{marriage|Anna Sophie Jenks|1972|1972}}
| {{marriage|Anna Sophie Jenks|1972}}
}}
}}
| children = 2
| children = 2
Line 28: Line 27:
[[File:BennyBensonMemorial.jpg|thumb|190px|Benny Benson Memorial at mile 1.4 (km 2.3) of the [[Seward Highway]] in Seward, Alaska]]
[[File:BennyBensonMemorial.jpg|thumb|190px|Benny Benson Memorial at mile 1.4 (km 2.3) of the [[Seward Highway]] in Seward, Alaska]]


'''John Ben''' "'''Benny'''" '''Benson Jr.''' (September 12, 1912&nbsp;– July 2, 1972) was an Alaska native, best known for designing the [[flag of Alaska]]. Benson was age 14 years old when he won a contest in 1927 to design the flag for the [[Territory of Alaska]], which became a [[U.S. state]] on [[January 3]], [[1959 in the United States|1959]].<ref>India M. Spartz (2001) Benny Benson's winning design pages 8–9 in [http://museums.alaska.gov/EightStars/src/exhibit_catalog.pdf ''Eight Stars of Gold The Story of Alaska’s Flag''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230010320/http://museums.alaska.gov/EightStars/src/exhibit_catalog.pdf |date=2013-12-30 }} (Alaska State Museums)</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Manning |first=Elizabeth |date=2022-03-10 |title=Birth date of Alaska flag designer Benny Benson corrected a century later |url=https://health.alaska.gov/News/Documents/press/2022/DHSS_PressRelease_DPH_BennyBensonBirthDate_20220310.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705092652if_/https://health.alaska.gov/News/Documents/press/2022/DHSS_PressRelease_DPH_BennyBensonBirthDate_20220310.pdf |archive-date=2022-07-05 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=health.alaska.gov |quote=March 10, 2022 JUNEAU – An inquiry into the family history of Benny Benson, the winner of the 1927 Alaska flag contest and creator of the Alaska flag, has yielded a correction to Alaska history. Contrary to the long-standing belief that Mr. Benson was 13 years old when he won the flag contest, he was in fact 14 years old. Research led by Dr. Mike Livingston, Cultural Heritage Specialist for the Aleutian Pribilof Islands Association (APIA), has determined that Benny Benson was born a year earlier than previously understood.}}</ref>
'''John Ben Benson Jr.''' (September 12, 1912&nbsp;– July 2, 1972) was an [[Alaska Natives|Alaska Native]] best known for designing the [[flag of Alaska]]. Benson was 14 years old when he won a contest in 1927 to design the flag for the [[Territory of Alaska]], which [[Alaska Statehood Act|became a]] [[U.S. state]] on January 3, 1959.<ref>India M. Spartz (2001) Benny Benson's winning design pages 8–9 in [http://museums.alaska.gov/EightStars/src/exhibit_catalog.pdf ''Eight Stars of Gold: The Story of Alaska’s Flag''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230010320/http://museums.alaska.gov/EightStars/src/exhibit_catalog.pdf |date=2013-12-30 }} (Alaska State Museums)</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Manning |first=Elizabeth |date=2022-03-10 |title=Birth date of Alaska flag designer Benny Benson corrected a century later |url=https://health.alaska.gov/News/Documents/press/2022/DHSS_PressRelease_DPH_BennyBensonBirthDate_20220310.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705092652if_/https://health.alaska.gov/News/Documents/press/2022/DHSS_PressRelease_DPH_BennyBensonBirthDate_20220310.pdf |archive-date=2022-07-05 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=health.alaska.gov |quote=March 10, 2022 JUNEAU – An inquiry into the family history of Benny Benson, the winner of the 1927 Alaska flag contest and creator of the Alaska flag, has yielded a correction to Alaska history. Contrary to the long-standing belief that Mr. Benson was 13 years old when he won the flag contest, he was in fact 14 years old. Research led by Dr. Mike Livingston, Cultural Heritage Specialist for the Aleutian Pribilof Islands Association (APIA), has determined that Benny Benson was born a year earlier than previously understood.}}</ref>


==Life==
==Life==
=== Early life ===
===Early life===
Benson was born in [[Chignik, Alaska|Chignik]], [[Territory of Alaska]], on September 12, 1912. He was a Qawalangin (Fox Islander) Unangan<!-- or an [[Alutiiq]] (aka "Sugpiaq", aka "Aleut"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alutiiq / Sugpiaq People|url=https://alutiiqmuseum.org/learn/the-alutiiq-sugpiaq-people|access-date=2021-06-30|website=alutiiqmuseum.org}}</ref>)<ref>alutiiqmuseum.org: [https://archive.today/20151012155316/http://alutiiqmuseum.org/word-of-the-week-archive/246-benny_benson_day.html Benny Benson Day (in Alutiiq: Benny Benson-rem ernera)]</ref>--> born to a [[Swedish Americans|Swedish-American]] father, John Ben "Benny" Benson Sr.,<!-- died December 22, 1937 in King County Hospital in Seattle, Washington --> and [[Aleut]]-[[Russians|Russian]] mother, Tatiana Ioannovna Dediukhina,<!-- born December 29, 1879 --> from a village near [[Unalaska, Alaska|Unalaska]].<ref>Livingston, Michael; Murray, Martha G.; Evans, Stenner; Soloview, Fyodor G.; Smith, Carol Larsen, [https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/bitstream/handle/11122/12729/Benny%20Benson%27s%20Hidden%20Unangax%CC%82%20Heritage%20Livingston%20Murray%20Stenner%20Soloview%20Larsen%20Smith%202022%20Anchorage.pdf Benny Benson's Hidden Unangax̂ Heritage]. March 2022. Anchorage, Alaska.</ref> When he was three years old, his mother died, forcing his father to send him and his brother Carl to an orphanage, as Benson's father could not take care of them. Benson grew up at the [[Jesse Lee Home for Children]] in [[Unalaska, Alaska|Unalaska]] and later in [[Seward, Alaska|Seward]].<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.alaska.edu/uajourney/history-and-trivia/Alaska%20State%20Flag%20and%20Song/ | title= Alaska State Flag, and Song, Intertwined Around Benny Benson | publisher= The college of Alaska | accessdate= January 15, 2016}}</ref>
Benson was born in [[Chignik, Alaska]], on September 12, 1912. He was a Qawalangin (Fox Islander) Unangan<!-- or an [[Alutiiq]] (aka "Sugpiaq", aka "Aleut"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alutiiq / Sugpiaq People|url=https://alutiiqmuseum.org/learn/the-alutiiq-sugpiaq-people|access-date=2021-06-30|website=alutiiqmuseum.org}}</ref>)<ref>alutiiqmuseum.org: [https://archive.today/20151012155316/http://alutiiqmuseum.org/word-of-the-week-archive/246-benny_benson_day.html Benny Benson Day (in Alutiiq: Benny Benson-rem ernera)]</ref>--> born to a [[Swedish Americans|Swedish-American]] father, John Ben "Benny" Benson Sr.,<!-- died December 22, 1937 in King County Hospital in Seattle, Washington --> and [[Aleut]]-Russian mother, Tatiana Ioannovna Dediukhina,<!-- born December 29, 1879 --> from a village near [[Unalaska, Alaska|Unalaska]].<ref>Livingston, Michael; Murray, Martha G.; Evans, Stenner; Soloview, Fyodor G.; Smith, Carol Larsen, [https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/bitstream/handle/11122/12729/Benny%20Benson%27s%20Hidden%20Unangax%CC%82%20Heritage%20Livingston%20Murray%20Stenner%20Soloview%20Larsen%20Smith%202022%20Anchorage.pdf Benny Benson's Hidden Unangax̂ Heritage]. March 2022. Anchorage, Alaska.</ref> When he was three years old, his mother died, forcing his father to send him and his brother Carl to an orphanage, as Benson's father could not take care of them. Benson grew up at the [[Jesse Lee Home for Children]] in [[Unalaska, Alaska|Unalaska]] and later in [[Seward, Alaska|Seward]].<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.alaska.edu/uajourney/history-and-trivia/Alaska%20State%20Flag%20and%20Song/ | title= Alaska State Flag, and Song, Intertwined Around Benny Benson | publisher= The college of Alaska | accessdate= January 15, 2016}}</ref>


=== Fox Farm ===
===Fox Farm===
After graduating from school in 1932, Benson left the Jesse Lee Home. He returned to the [[Aleutian Islands]] to work with his father fishing and, for a time, trapping blue foxes on [[Chirikof Island]] and on John's privately own Ugaiushak Island.<ref name=":0" /> The rate for furs began to decline, so Benson moved to [[Seattle]] in 1936. He used the $1,000 prize from the flag design competition to enroll in the Hemphill Diesel Engineering School for [[Diesel engine]] repair. In 1938, Benson married Betty Van Hise. The couple's first child, Anna May, was born in October 1938. Their second daughter, Charlotte Abbot, was born in June 1940. Benson divorced in 1950 and moved with his daughters to [[Kodiak, Alaska|Kodiak]] where he became an airplane mechanic for Kodiak Airways.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://fairbanks-alaska.com/benny-benson.htm | title= Benny Benson - Alaska's Flag | publisher= Fairbanks, Alaska Information Site | accessdate= January 15, 2016}}</ref>
After graduating from school in 1932, Benson left the Jesse Lee Home. He returned to the [[Aleutian Islands]] to work with his father fishing and, for a time, trapping blue foxes on [[Chirikof Island]] and on John's privately owned Ugaiushak Island.<ref name=":0" /> The rate for furs began to decline, so Benson moved to [[Seattle]] in 1936. He used the $1,000 prize from the flag design competition to enroll in the Hemphill Diesel Engineering School for [[Diesel engine]] repair. In 1938, Benson married Betty Van Hise. The couple's first child, Anna May, was born in October 1938. Their second daughter, Charlotte Abbot, was born in June 1940. Benson divorced in 1950 and moved with his daughters to [[Kodiak, Alaska|Kodiak]] where he became an airplane mechanic for Kodiak Airways.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://fairbanks-alaska.com/benny-benson.htm | title= Benny Benson - Alaska's Flag | publisher= Fairbanks, Alaska Information Site | accessdate= January 15, 2016}}</ref>


=== Later years and death ===
===Later years and death===
Benson met his sister in the mid 1950s, 30 years after their separation. His sister died soon after. His brother Carl also died in 1965. Benson's right leg had to be [[amputation|amputated]] in 1969 due to circulatory problems.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Potter|first=Velma Moos|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21881469|title=God flies Benny's flag : a story of Benny Benson & Alaska's state flag|date=1989|publisher=Frontier Pub|year=1989|isbn=0-939116-20-0|location=Seattle, Wash.|pages=205|oclc=21881469}}</ref> Shortly after that, in 1972, he met and married a former Jesse Lee Home resident, Anna Sophie Jenks. Benson had several stepchildren and grandchildren. He died of a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]] in [[Kodiak, Alaska|Kodiak]], [[Alaska]], on July 2 of that year, at the age of 59 years old.<ref>[https://www.alaska.edu/uajourney/history-and-trivia/Alaska%20State%20Flag%20and%20Song/part-3 Alaska State Flag and Song Intertwined Around Benny Benson, Part 3]</ref>
Benson met his sister in the mid 1950s, 30 years after their separation. His sister died soon after. His brother Carl also died in 1965. Benson's right leg had to be [[amputation|amputated]] in 1969 due to circulatory problems.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Potter|first=Velma Moos|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21881469|title=God flies Benny's flag : a story of Benny Benson & Alaska's state flag|publisher=Frontier Pub|year=1989|isbn=0-939116-20-0|location=Seattle, Wash.|pages=205|oclc=21881469}}</ref> Shortly after that, in 1972, he met and married a former Jesse Lee Home resident, Anna Sophie Jenks. Benson had several stepchildren and grandchildren. He died of a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]] in [[Kodiak, Alaska]], on July 2 of that year, at the age of 59 years old.<ref>[https://www.alaska.edu/uajourney/history-and-trivia/Alaska%20State%20Flag%20and%20Song/part-3 Alaska State Flag and Song Intertwined Around Benny Benson, Part 3]</ref>


==Flag design==
==Flag design==
Line 45: Line 44:
Benson looked to the sky for the symbols he included in his design. Choosing the familiar [[Asterism (astronomy)|asterism]] he looked for every night before going to sleep at the orphanage, he submitted this description with it:
Benson looked to the sky for the symbols he included in his design. Choosing the familiar [[Asterism (astronomy)|asterism]] he looked for every night before going to sleep at the orphanage, he submitted this description with it:


{{quote|The blue field is for the Alaska sky and the [[Myosotis|forget-me-not]], an Alaskan flower. The [[Polaris|North Star]] is for the future state of Alaska, the most northerly in the union. The [[Big Dipper|Dipper]] is for the [[Ursa Major|Great Bear]]&nbsp;– symbolizing strength.}}
{{blockquote|The blue field is for the Alaska sky and the [[Myosotis|forget-me-not]], an Alaskan flower. The [[Polaris|North Star]] is for the future state of Alaska, the most northerly in the union. The [[Big Dipper|Dipper]] is for the [[Ursa Major|Great Bear]]&nbsp;– symbolizing strength.}}


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
* [[Mount Benson (Alaska)|Mount Benson]], a prominent mountain overlooking Seward, was named after him in 1974.
*[[Mount Benson (Alaska)|Mount Benson]], a prominent mountain overlooking Seward, was named after him in 1974.
* Benson Boulevard, a major east-west thoroughfare in midtown Anchorage, was built in the 1970s and named for him.
*Benson Boulevard, a major east-west thoroughfare in midtown Anchorage, was built in the 1970s and named for him.
* Benny Benson Memorial is located at Mile 1.4 of the [[Seward Highway]] in [[Seward, Alaska]].
*Benny Benson Memorial is located at Mile 1.4 of the [[Seward Highway]] in [[Seward, Alaska]].
* On April 11, 2013, in honor of his centenary, the Alaska Legislature passed SB31,<ref name="tasl">{{Cite web | url=http://www.legis.state.ak.us/basis/get_bill.asp?bill=SB%20%2031 | title=28th Legislature (2013–2014) | publisher=The Alaska State Leglisature | accessdate=16 July 2014}}</ref> which named the [[Kodiak Airport|airport in Kodiak]] "Kodiak Benny Benson State Airport."
*On April 11, 2013, in honor of his centenary, the Alaska Legislature passed SB31,<ref name="tasl">{{Cite web | url=http://www.legis.state.ak.us/basis/get_bill.asp?bill=SB%20%2031 | title=28th Legislature (2013–2014) | publisher=The Alaska State Leglisature | accessdate=16 July 2014}}</ref> which named the [[Kodiak Airport|airport in Kodiak]] "Kodiak Benny Benson State Airport."
* Benny Benson School in Anchorage on Campbell Airstrip Road is an alternative school serving the educational needs of students who have been deemed at risk and is part of the Anchorage School District SEARCH program.
*Benny Benson School in Anchorage on Campbell Airstrip Road is an alternative school serving the educational needs of students who have been deemed [[At-risk students|at-risk]] and is part of the Anchorage School District SEARCH program.

==In popular culture==
==In popular culture==
*In the [[Molly of Denali|Molly Of Denali]] episode "A Brand New Flag", Molly does a presentation on the creation of the [[Alaskan flag|Alaskan Flag.]]{{citation needed}}
*In the ''[[Molly of Denali]]'' episode "A Brand New Flag", Molly does a presentation on the creation of the [[Alaskan flag|Alaskan Flag.]]{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}
*A fictionalized version of the creation of the Alaskan Flag, presented as a parody of ''[[Good Will Hunting]]'', is featured in ''[[The Great North]]'' episode "Bad Speecher Adventure".


==References==
==References==
Line 60: Line 61:


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* {{Cite book|title=God Flies Benny's Flag: A story of Benny Benson & Alaska's state flag|last=Potter|first=Velma Moos|year=1989|publisher=Frontier Publishing|location=Seattle |isbn=0-939116-20-0}}
*{{Cite book|title=God Flies Benny's Flag: A story of Benny Benson & Alaska's state flag|last=Potter|first=Velma Moos|year=1989|publisher=Frontier Publishing|location=Seattle |isbn=0-939116-20-0}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Portal|Alaska|Biography}}
{{Portal|Alaska|Biography}}
* [http://www.netstate.com/states/symb/flags/ak_flag.htm The Alaska State Flag]
*[http://www.netstate.com/states/symb/flags/ak_flag.htm The Alaska State Flag]


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1913 births]]
[[Category:1913 births]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]
[[Category:Alaskan Creole people]]
[[Category:Alaska Native people]]
[[Category:Alaska Native people]]
[[Category:American people of Aleut descent]]
[[Category:Aleut people]]
[[Category:American people of Russian descent]]
[[Category:American people of Russian descent]]
[[Category:American people of Swedish descent]]
[[Category:American people of Swedish descent]]

Latest revision as of 22:51, 10 December 2024

Benny Benson
Benson c. 1927
Born
John Ben Benson Jr.

(1912-09-12)September 12, 1912
Chignik, Alaska, U.S.
DiedJuly 2, 1972(1972-07-02) (aged 59)
Kodiak, Alaska, U.S.
Occupations
  • Flag designer
  • airplane mechanic
Years active1927−1969
EmployerKodiak Airways
Spouses
  • Betty Van Hise
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1938; div. 1950)​
  • Anna Sophie Jenks
    ​
    (m. 1972)​
Children2
Benny and Carl's cubby-holes still exist in the former Jesse Lee Home in Seward, Alaska.
Benny Benson Memorial at mile 1.4 (km 2.3) of the Seward Highway in Seward, Alaska

John Ben Benson Jr. (September 12, 1912 – July 2, 1972) was an Alaska Native best known for designing the flag of Alaska. Benson was 14 years old when he won a contest in 1927 to design the flag for the Territory of Alaska, which became a U.S. state on January 3, 1959.[1][2]

Life

[edit]

Early life

[edit]

Benson was born in Chignik, Alaska, on September 12, 1912. He was a Qawalangin (Fox Islander) Unangan born to a Swedish-American father, John Ben "Benny" Benson Sr., and Aleut-Russian mother, Tatiana Ioannovna Dediukhina, from a village near Unalaska.[3] When he was three years old, his mother died, forcing his father to send him and his brother Carl to an orphanage, as Benson's father could not take care of them. Benson grew up at the Jesse Lee Home for Children in Unalaska and later in Seward.[4]

Fox Farm

[edit]

After graduating from school in 1932, Benson left the Jesse Lee Home. He returned to the Aleutian Islands to work with his father fishing and, for a time, trapping blue foxes on Chirikof Island and on John's privately owned Ugaiushak Island.[5] The rate for furs began to decline, so Benson moved to Seattle in 1936. He used the $1,000 prize from the flag design competition to enroll in the Hemphill Diesel Engineering School for Diesel engine repair. In 1938, Benson married Betty Van Hise. The couple's first child, Anna May, was born in October 1938. Their second daughter, Charlotte Abbot, was born in June 1940. Benson divorced in 1950 and moved with his daughters to Kodiak where he became an airplane mechanic for Kodiak Airways.[6]

Later years and death

[edit]

Benson met his sister in the mid 1950s, 30 years after their separation. His sister died soon after. His brother Carl also died in 1965. Benson's right leg had to be amputated in 1969 due to circulatory problems.[5] Shortly after that, in 1972, he met and married a former Jesse Lee Home resident, Anna Sophie Jenks. Benson had several stepchildren and grandchildren. He died of a heart attack in Kodiak, Alaska, on July 2 of that year, at the age of 59 years old.[7]

Flag design

[edit]

32 years before Alaska was to become a state, the Alaska Department of the American Legion sponsored a territorial contest for Alaskan children from seventh grade (12–13 year old students) to twelfth grade (17–18 year old students).[8] Benson's design was chosen to represent the future of the Alaska Territory. Up to that time, Alaskans had flown only the U.S. flag since the territory was purchased from Russia in 1867. His design was chosen over roughly 700 other submissions from schoolchildren territory-wide in grades 7 to 12. Most other entries featured variations on the territorial seal, the midnight sun, the northern lights, polar bears, and/or gold pans. For his achievement, Benson was awarded $1,000, an engraved watch and a trip to Washington, D.C.[9]

Benson looked to the sky for the symbols he included in his design. Choosing the familiar asterism he looked for every night before going to sleep at the orphanage, he submitted this description with it:

The blue field is for the Alaska sky and the forget-me-not, an Alaskan flower. The North Star is for the future state of Alaska, the most northerly in the union. The Dipper is for the Great Bear – symbolizing strength.

Legacy

[edit]
  • Mount Benson, a prominent mountain overlooking Seward, was named after him in 1974.
  • Benson Boulevard, a major east-west thoroughfare in midtown Anchorage, was built in the 1970s and named for him.
  • Benny Benson Memorial is located at Mile 1.4 of the Seward Highway in Seward, Alaska.
  • On April 11, 2013, in honor of his centenary, the Alaska Legislature passed SB31,[10] which named the airport in Kodiak "Kodiak Benny Benson State Airport."
  • Benny Benson School in Anchorage on Campbell Airstrip Road is an alternative school serving the educational needs of students who have been deemed at-risk and is part of the Anchorage School District SEARCH program.
[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ India M. Spartz (2001) Benny Benson's winning design pages 8–9 in Eight Stars of Gold: The Story of Alaska’s Flag Archived 2013-12-30 at the Wayback Machine (Alaska State Museums)
  2. ^ Manning, Elizabeth (2022-03-10). "Birth date of Alaska flag designer Benny Benson corrected a century later" (PDF). health.alaska.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-07-05. Retrieved 2022-08-15. March 10, 2022 JUNEAU – An inquiry into the family history of Benny Benson, the winner of the 1927 Alaska flag contest and creator of the Alaska flag, has yielded a correction to Alaska history. Contrary to the long-standing belief that Mr. Benson was 13 years old when he won the flag contest, he was in fact 14 years old. Research led by Dr. Mike Livingston, Cultural Heritage Specialist for the Aleutian Pribilof Islands Association (APIA), has determined that Benny Benson was born a year earlier than previously understood.
  3. ^ Livingston, Michael; Murray, Martha G.; Evans, Stenner; Soloview, Fyodor G.; Smith, Carol Larsen, Benny Benson's Hidden Unangax̂ Heritage. March 2022. Anchorage, Alaska.
  4. ^ "Alaska State Flag, and Song, Intertwined Around Benny Benson". The college of Alaska. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
  5. ^ a b Potter, Velma Moos (1989). God flies Benny's flag : a story of Benny Benson & Alaska's state flag. Seattle, Wash.: Frontier Pub. p. 205. ISBN 0-939116-20-0. OCLC 21881469.
  6. ^ "Benny Benson - Alaska's Flag". Fairbanks, Alaska Information Site. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
  7. ^ Alaska State Flag and Song Intertwined Around Benny Benson, Part 3
  8. ^ "The Contest".
  9. ^ "Benny Benson". The University of Alaska. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
  10. ^ "28th Legislature (2013–2014)". The Alaska State Leglisature. Retrieved 16 July 2014.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Potter, Velma Moos (1989). God Flies Benny's Flag: A story of Benny Benson & Alaska's state flag. Seattle: Frontier Publishing. ISBN 0-939116-20-0.
[edit]
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