Jacob H. Gallinger: Difference between revisions

Jacob H. Gallinger
Jacob H. Gallinger
Chairman of the Senate Republican Conference
	In office; March 4, 1913 – August 17, 1918
Deputy	James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr. (1915)
Preceded by	Shelby Moore Cullom
Succeeded by	Henry Cabot Lodge
President pro tempore of the United States Senate
	In office; February 12, 1912 – March 3, 1913 Serving with Augustus O. Bacon, Frank B. Brandegee & Henry Cabot Lodge
Preceded by	Augustus O. Bacon
Succeeded by	James Paul Clarke
United States Senator; from New Hampshire
	In office; March 4, 1891 – August 17, 1918
Preceded by	Henry W. Blair
Succeeded by	Irving W. Drew
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives; from New Hampshire's 2nd district
	In office; March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1889
Preceded by	Ossian Ray
Succeeded by	Orren C. Moore
Member of the New Hampshire Senate
	In office; 1878–1880
Member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
	In office; 1872–1873
Personal details
Born	March 28, 1837; Cornwall, Ontario, British Canada
Died	August 17, 1918 (aged 81); Franklin, New Hampshire, U.S.
Political party	Republican

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Latest revision as of 03:48, 11 December 2024

Jacob Harold Gallinger (March 28, 1837 – August 17, 1918), was a United States senator from New Hampshire who served as President pro tempore of the Senate in 1912 and 1913.

Early life and career

Jacob Harold Gallinger was born in Cornwall, Ontario, British Canada on March 28, 1837. His father's family were German and his mother's was German American.^[1]

He was home-schooled from an early age.^[1]

Gallinger moved to the U.S. at an early age and first worked as a printer.^[1]

Medical career

Gallinger studied medicine at the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Institute and graduated at the head of his class in May 1858.^[1] He studied abroad for three years, writing and working as a printer to cover his expenses.^[1] In 1861, he returned to the United States and engaged in the practice of homeopathic medicine and surgery in Keene, New Hampshire before moving to Concord, New Hampshire in April 1862.^[1] He practiced medicine actively until 1885.^[1]

He was an active member of the American Institute of Homeopathy from 1868 to 1880, and throughout his political career, he was a forthright advocate of the homeopathic school of thought and practice. Besides the AIH, he was a member of many state and national medical societies and a frequent contributor to the journals of his profession. He was on the board of trustees of Columbia Hospital for Women, and a member of the board of visitors to Providence Hospital.

Early political career

State legislature

Gallinger was elected to the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1872 and re-elected in 1873.^[1] He served as a member of the state constitutional convention in 1876. He was then elected to the New Hampshire Senate and served from 1878 to 1880. In 1879, he was elected Senate President.^[1]

He became surgeon general of New Hampshire under Governor Natt Head, with the rank of brigadier general, from 1879 to 1880. In 1882, he was elected chairman of the New Hampshire Republican Party and remained in that role until his resignation in 1890.^[1]

United States House of Representatives

In 1884, Gallinger was elected to the United States House of Representatives, serving from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1889, but declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1888.

In 1888, Gallinger served as chairman of the New Hampshire delegation to the Republican National Convention at Chicago, where he seconded the nomination of Benjamin Harrison of Indiana for president.

United States Senate

In 1890, Gallinger was elected to the New Hampshire House again, but served only a short time before the legislature elected him to the United States Senate in 1891. He was reelected by the legislature without Republican opposition in 1897, 1903 and 1909,^[1] and by popular vote in 1914. He served from March 4, 1891, until his death in Franklin, New Hampshire in 1918.

As Senator, Gallinger chaired the New Hampshire delegations to the Republican National Convention of 1888, 1900, 1904 and 1908, and for a time was a member of the Republican National Committee.

In 1898, Gallinger returned to the role of chairman of the New Hampshire Republican Party and was re-elected in 1900 and 1902.^[1] In 1901, he was also elected to represent New Hampshire on the Republican National Committee.^[1]

As Senator he was considered a master of parliamentary law and was frequently called upon to preside over the Senate. He was also an active public speaker in and out of the Senate.^[1]

He was President pro tempore during the Sixty-second Congress and was also Republican Conference chairman. He also chaired the Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard, Committee on Pensions, Committee on the District of Columbia, and the Merchant Marine Commission.^[2] He was named a member of the National Forest Reservation Commission, established by the Weeks Act, which Gallinger sponsored in the Senate.^[3]

Personal life and death

Gallinger received the honorary degree of A.M. from Dartmouth College in 1885 and served as trustee of George Washington University for several years. He was interred at Blossom Hill Cemetery, Concord.

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Willey, George Franklyn (1903). State Builders; An Illustrated Historical and Biographical Record of the State of New Hampshire at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century. Manchester NH: New Hampshire Pub. Corp. p. 205. OCLC 7566342.
^ See: Report of the Merchant Marine Commission, together with the testimony taken at the Hearings, 1905, Vol. III. Hearings on the Southern Coast and at Washington, D.C. and General Index
^ "Protection and Restoration". Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved November 21, 2015.

References

American National Biography
Dictionary of American Biography
Schlup, Leonard. "Consistent Conservative: Jacob Harold Gallinger and the Presidential Campaign of 1912 in New Hampshire." International Review of History and Political Science 21 (August 1984): 49–57.
U.S. Congress. Memorial Services for Jacob Harold Gallinger. 65th Cong., 3rd sess., 1918–1919. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1919.
United States Congress. "Jacob H. Gallinger (id: G000023)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). "Gallinger, Jacob Harold" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. Vol. 7. New York: D. Appleton.
Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Gallinger, Jacob H(arold)." . Encyclopedia Americana.
Jacob H. Gallinger, late a representative from New Hampshire, Memorial addresses delivered in the House of Representatives and Senate frontispiece 1919

Party political offices
First	Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from New Hampshire (Class 3) 1914	Succeeded by George H. Moses
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Ossian Ray	U.S. Congressman from New Hampshire 1885–1889	Succeeded by Orren C. Moore
U.S. Senate
Preceded by Henry W. Blair	United States Senator from New Hampshire 1891–1918	Succeeded by Irving W. Drew
Political offices
Preceded by William P. Frye	President pro tempore of the United States Senate Rotating pro tems	Succeeded by James P. Clarke
Preceded by David H. Buffum	President of the New Hampshire Senate 1879–1881	Succeeded by John Kimball
Honorary titles
Preceded by Shelby Moore Cullom	Dean of the United States Senate March 4, 1913 – August 17, 1918	Succeeded by Henry Cabot Lodge

[StateBuilders-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Willey, George Franklyn (1903). State Builders; An Illustrated Historical and Biographical Record of the State of New Hampshire at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century. Manchester NH: New Hampshire Pub. Corp. p. 205. OCLC 7566342.

[2] See: Report of the Merchant Marine Commission, together with the testimony taken at the Hearings, 1905, Vol. III. Hearings on the Southern Coast and at Washington, D.C. and General Index

[3] "Protection and Restoration". Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved November 21, 2015.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{short description|American politician}}
+{{Short description|American politician (1837–1918)}}
 {{Use mdy dates|date=November 2016}}
 {{Infobox officeholder
@@ Line 14: / Line 13: @@
 | order2              =[[President pro tempore of the United States Senate]]
 | term_start2         =February 12, 1912
-| term_end2           =March 4, 1913
+| term_end2           =March 3, 1913
 | alongside2          = [[Augustus O. Bacon]], [[Frank B. Brandegee]] & [[Henry Cabot Lodge]]
 | preceded2           =[[Augustus O. Bacon]]
 | succeeded2          =[[James Paul Clarke]]
-| order3              =[[United States Senate|United States Senator]] from<br>[[New Hampshire]]
+| order3              =[[United States Senate|United States Senator]]<br/>from [[New Hampshire]]
 | term_start3         =March 4, 1891
 | term_end3           =August 17, 1918
@@ Line 53: / Line 52: @@
 }}
-'''Jacob Harold Gallinger''' (March 28, 1837 – August 17, 1918), was a [[United States Senator]] from [[New Hampshire]] who served as [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate|President pro tempore of the Senate]] in 1912 and 1913.
+'''Jacob Harold Gallinger''' (March 28, 1837 – August 17, 1918), was a [[United States senator]] from [[New Hampshire]] who served as [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate|President pro tempore of the Senate]] in 1912 and 1913.
 ==Early life and career==
-Jacob Harold Gallinger was born in [[Cornwall, Ontario]], [[Canada under British rule|British Canada]] on March 28, 1837. His father's family were Dutch and his mother's was American.<ref name="StateBuilders">{{Cite book|last=Willey|first=George Franklyn|url=https://archive.org/details/statebuildersan01compgoog|title=State Builders; An Illustrated Historical and Biographical Record of the State of New Hampshire at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century|publisher=New Hampshire Pub. Corp|year=1903|location=Manchester NH|page=[https://archive.org/details/statebuildersan01compgoog/page/n232 205]|oclc=7566342}}</ref>
+Jacob Harold Gallinger was born in [[Cornwall, Ontario]], [[Canada under British rule|British Canada]] on March 28, 1837. His father's family were German and his mother's was German American.<ref name="StateBuilders">{{Cite book|last=Willey|first=George Franklyn|url=https://archive.org/details/statebuildersan01compgoog|title=State Builders; An Illustrated Historical and Biographical Record of the State of New Hampshire at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century|publisher=New Hampshire Pub. Corp|year=1903|location=Manchester NH|page=[https://archive.org/details/statebuildersan01compgoog/page/n232 205]|oclc=7566342}}</ref>
 He was home-schooled from an early age.<ref name="StateBuilders" />
@@ Line 65: / Line 64: @@
 Gallinger studied medicine at the [[Eclectic medicine|Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Institute]] and graduated at the head of his class in May 1858.<ref name="StateBuilders" /> He studied abroad for three years, writing and working as a printer to cover his expenses.<ref name="StateBuilders" /> In 1861, he returned to the United States and engaged in the practice of [[homeopathic medicine]] and surgery in [[Keene, New Hampshire]] before moving to [[Concord, New Hampshire]] in April 1862.<ref name="StateBuilders" /> He practiced medicine actively until 1885.<ref name="StateBuilders" />
-He was an active member of the [[American Institute of Homeopathy]]  from 1868–80, and throughout his political career, he was a forthright advocate of the homeopathic school of thought and practice.  Besides the AIH, he was a member of many state and national medical societies and a frequent contributor to the journals of his profession. He was on the board of trustees of Columbia Hospital for Women, and a member of the board of visitors to Providence Hospital.
+He was an active member of the [[American Institute of Homeopathy]]  from 1868 to 1880, and throughout his political career, he was a forthright advocate of the homeopathic school of thought and practice.  Besides the AIH, he was a member of many state and national medical societies and a frequent contributor to the journals of his profession. He was on the board of trustees of Columbia Hospital for Women, and a member of the board of visitors to Providence Hospital.
 == Early political career ==
@@ Line 77: / Line 76: @@
 In 1884, Gallinger was elected to the [[United States House of Representatives]], serving from March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1889, but declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1888.
-In 1888, Gallinger served as chairman of the New Hampshire delegation to the [[1888 Republican National Convention|Republican National Convention]] at [[Chicago]], where he seconded the nomination of [[Benjamin Harrison]] of [[Indiana]] for President.
+In 1888, Gallinger served as chairman of the New Hampshire delegation to the [[1888 Republican National Convention|Republican National Convention]] at [[Chicago]], where he seconded the nomination of [[Benjamin Harrison]] of [[Indiana]] for president.
 == United States Senate ==
@@ Line 88: / Line 87: @@
 As Senator he was considered a master of parliamentary law and was frequently called upon to preside over the Senate. He was also an active public speaker in and out of the Senate.<ref name="StateBuilders" />
-He was President pro tempore during the Sixty-second Congress and was also Republican Conference chairman. He also chaired the [[United States Senate Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard|Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard]], Committee on Pensions, [[U.S. Senate Committee on the District of Columbia|Committee on the District of Columbia]], and the Merchant Marine Commission.<ref>See: [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924032482600/cu31924032482600_djvu.txt ''Report of the Merchant Marine Commission, together with the testimony taken at the Hearings'', 1905, Vol. III. Hearings on the Southern Coast and at Washington, D.C. and General Index]</ref> He was named a member of the [[National Forest Reservation Commission]], established by the [[Weeks Act]], which Gallinger sponsored in the Senate.<ref>[http://www.foresthistory.org/ASPNET/Policy/WeeksAct/Implementation.aspx Protection and Restoration]</ref>
+He was President pro tempore during the Sixty-second Congress and was also Republican Conference chairman. He also chaired the [[United States Senate Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard|Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard]], Committee on Pensions, [[U.S. Senate Committee on the District of Columbia|Committee on the District of Columbia]], and the Merchant Marine Commission.<ref>See: [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924032482600/cu31924032482600_djvu.txt ''Report of the Merchant Marine Commission, together with the testimony taken at the Hearings'', 1905, Vol. III. Hearings on the Southern Coast and at Washington, D.C. and General Index]</ref> He was named a member of the [[National Forest Reservation Commission]], established by the [[Weeks Act]], which Gallinger sponsored in the Senate.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.foresthistory.org/ASPNET/Policy/WeeksAct/Implementation.aspx |title=Protection and Restoration |access-date=November 21, 2015 |archive-date=November 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117043658/http://www.foresthistory.org/ASPNET/Policy/WeeksAct/Implementation.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 == Personal life and death ==
@@ Line 101: / Line 100: @@
 ==References==
+{{Commons category|Jacob Harold Gallinger}}
+{{Wikisource|A Shameful Retreat}}
 {{Refbegin}}
 * ''[[American National Biography]]''
 * ''[[Dictionary of American Biography]]''
-* Schlup, Leonard.  "Consistent Conservative: Jacob Harold Gallinger and the Presidential Campaign of 1912 in New Hampshire." ''International Review of History and Political Science'' '''21''' (August 1984): 49-57.
+* Schlup, Leonard.  "Consistent Conservative: Jacob Harold Gallinger and the Presidential Campaign of 1912 in New Hampshire." ''International Review of History and Political Science'' '''21''' (August 1984): 49–57.
-* U.S. Congress. Memorial Services for Jacob Harold Gallinger. 65th Cong., 3rd sess., 1918-1919. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1919.
+* U.S. Congress. Memorial Services for Jacob Harold Gallinger. 65th Cong., 3rd sess., 1918–1919. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1919.
 * {{CongBio|G000023}}
 * {{Cite Appletons'|wstitle=Gallinger, Jacob Harold|volume=7|year=1900}}
 * {{Cite Americana|wstitle=Gallinger, Jacob H(arold).|year=1920}}
-* {{pg}}
 * [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hn35bw;view=1up;seq=9 Jacob H. Gallinger, late a representative from New Hampshire, Memorial addresses delivered in the House of Representatives and Senate frontispiece 1919]
 {{Refend}}
-{{Commons category|Jacob Harold Gallinger}}
-{{Wikisource|A Shameful Retreat}}
 {{S-start}}
 {{s-ppo}}
 {{s-new|first}}
-{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[List of United States Senators from New Hampshire|U.S. Senator]] from [[New Hampshire]]<br>([[Classes of United States Senators|Class 3]])|years=[[United States Senate election in New Hampshire, 1914|1914]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[List of United States Senators from New Hampshire|U.S. Senator]] from [[New Hampshire]]<br>([[Classes of United States Senators|Class 3]])|years=[[1914 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|1914]]}}
 {{s-aft|after=[[George H. Moses]]}}
 {{s-par|us-hs}}
@@ Line 133: / Line 129: @@
  after=[[James P. Clarke]]|
 }}
-{{Succession box |title=[[Presidents of the New Hampshire Senate|President of the New Hampshire Senate]] | before=[[David H. Buffum]]  | after=[[John Kimball (New Hampshire politician)|John Kimball]]  | years=1879–1881}}
+{{Succession box |title=[[Presidents of the New Hampshire Senate|President of the New Hampshire Senate]] | before=[[David H. Buffum]]  | after=[[John Kimball (politician, born 1821)|John Kimball]]  | years=1879–1881}}
 {{s-hon}}
 {{succession box
@@ Line 150: / Line 146: @@
 {{Authority control}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Gallinger, Jacob Harold}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Gallinger, Jacob H.}}
 [[Category:1837 births]]
-[[Category:Pre-Confederation Canadian emigrants to the United States]]
 [[Category:1918 deaths]]
-[[Category:Members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives]]
+[[Category:Emigrants from pre-Confederation Ontario to the United States]]
-[[Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from New Hampshire]]
+[[Category:Republican Party members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives]]
-[[Category:United States senators from New Hampshire]]
 [[Category:People from Cornwall, Ontario]]
 [[Category:Chairpersons of the New Hampshire Republican State Committee]]
-[[Category:New Hampshire Republicans]]
+[[Category:Republican Party United States senators from New Hampshire]]
-[[Category:Republican Party United States senators]]
 [[Category:Presidents of the New Hampshire Senate]]
-[[Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives]]
+[[Category:Republican Party New Hampshire state senators]]
+[[Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from New Hampshire]]
-[[Category:19th-century American politicians]]
 [[Category:Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate]]
+[[Category:20th-century United States senators]]
+[[Category:19th-century members of the New Hampshire General Court]]
+[[Category:19th-century United States senators]]
+[[Category:19th-century members of the United States House of Representatives]]

v t e United States senators from New Hampshire
Class 2	Wingate Livermore Olcott Gilman Thompson Morril S. Bell Hubbard Woodbury Jenness Cilley Hale Atherton Williams Hale Cragin Rollins Pike Cheney Chandler Marston Chandler Burnham Hollis Keyes Bridges Murphy McIntyre Humphrey Smith Sununu Shaheen
Class 3	Langdon Sheafe Plumer Parker Cutts Mason Storer Parrott Woodbury Hill Page Pierce Wilcox Atherton Norris Wells J. Bell Clark Fogg Patterson Wadleigh C. Bell Blair Gallinger Drew Moses Brown Tobey Upton Cotton Wyman Cotton Durkin Rudman Gregg Ayotte Hassan

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	United States
People	US Congress
Other	SNAC

v t e Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate
▌ Langdon (1789) ▌ Lee (1792) ▌ Langdon (1792–1793) ▌ Izard (1794) ▌ H. Tazewell (1795) ▌ Livermore (1796) ▌ Bingham (1797) ▌ Bradford (1979) ▌ Read (1797) ▌ Sedgwick (1798) ▌ Laurance (1798) ▌ Ross (1799) ▌ Livermore (1799) ▌ Tracy (1800) ▌ Howard (1800) ▌ Hillhouse (1801) ▌ Baldwin (1801–1802) ▌ Bradley (1802–1803) ▌ Brown (1803–1804) ▌ Franklin (1804) ▌ Anderson (1805) ▌ Smith (1805–1808) ▌ Bradley (1808–1809) ▌ Milledge (1809) ▌ Gregg (1809) ▌ Gaillard (1810) ▌ Pope (1811) ▌ Crawford (1812–1813) ▌ Varnum (1813–1814) ▌ Gaillard (1814–1819) ▌ Barbour (1819) ▌ Gaillard (1820–1825) ▌ Macon (1826–1827) ▌ Smith (1828–1831) ▌ L. Tazewell (1832) ▌ White (1832–1833) ▌ Poindexter (1834) ▌ Tyler (1835) ▌ W. R. King (1836–1841) ▌ Southard (1841–1842) ▌ Mangum (1842–1845) ▌ Sevier (1845) ▌ Atchison (1846–1849) ▌ W. R. King (1850–1852) ▌ Atchison (1852–1854) ▌ Cass (1854) ▌ Bright (1854–1856) ▌ Stuart (1856) ▌ Bright (1856–1857) ▌ Mason (1857) ▌ Rusk (1857) ▌ Fitzpatrick (1857–1860) ▌ Bright (1860) ▌ Fitzpatrick (1860) ▌ Foot (1861–1864) ▌ Clark (1864–1865) ▌ Foster (1865–1867) ▌ Wade (1867–1869) ▌ Anthony (1869–1873) ▌ Carpenter (1873–1875) ▌ Anthony (1875) ▌ Ferry (1875–1879) ▌ Thurman (1879–1880) ▌ Bayard (1881) ▌ Davis (1881–1883) ▌ Edmunds (1883–1885) ▌ Sherman (1885–1887) ▌ Ingalls (1887–1891) ▌ Manderson (1891–1893) ▌ Harris (1893–1895) ▌ Ransom (1895) ▌ Harris (1895) ▌ Frye (1896–1911) ▌ Bacon/ ▌ Curtis/ ▌ Gallinger/ ▌ Brandegee/ ▌ Lodge (1911–1913) ▌ Clarke (1913–1916) ▌ Saulsbury (1916–1919) ▌ Cummins (1919–1925) ▌ Moses (1925–1933) ▌ Pittman (1933–1940) ▌ W. H. King (1940–1941) ▌ Harrison (1941) ▌ Glass (1941–1945) ▌ McKellar (1945–1947) ▌ Vandenberg (1947–1949) ▌ McKellar (1949–1953) ▌ Bridges (1953–1955) ▌ George (1955–1957) ▌ Hayden (1957–1969) ▌ Russell (1969–1971) ▌ Ellender (1971–1972) ▌ Eastland (1972–1978) ▌ Magnuson (1979–1980) ▌ Young (1980) ▌ Magnuson (1980–1981) ▌ Thurmond (1981–1987) ▌ Stennis (1987–1989) ▌ Byrd (1989–1995) ▌ Thurmond (1995–2001) ▌ Byrd (2001) ▌ Thurmond (2001) ▌ Byrd (2001–2003) ▌ Stevens (2003–2007) ▌ Byrd (2007–2010) ▌ Inouye (2010–2012) ▌ Leahy (2012–2015) ▌ Hatch (2015–2019) ▌ Grassley (2019–2021) ▌ Leahy (2021–2023) ▌ Murray (2023–2025) ▌ Grassley (2025–present)
▌ Pro-Administration ▌ Anti-Administration ▌ Federalist ▌ Democratic-Republican ▌ Jacksonian ▌ National Republican ▌ Whig ▌ Democratic ▌ Republican ▌ Independent Category Commons List