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{{Short description|Total lunar eclipse May 16, 2003}}
{{Short description|Total lunar eclipse 16 May 2003}}
{{Infobox lunar eclipse
{| class="wikitable" align=right width=250
| type = total
! bgcolor=#e7dcc3 colspan=2|Total Lunar Eclipse<BR>May 16, 2003
| image = Lunar eclipse May 2003-TLR75.jpg
| caption = Totality as viewed from [[Minneapolis, MN]], 3:17 UTC
| date = May 16, 2003
| gamma = 0.4123
| magnitude = 1.1294
| saros_ser = 121
| saros_no = 54 of 82
| totality = 51 minutes, 12 seconds
| partiality = 193 minutes, 53 seconds
| penumbral = 306 minutes, 31 seconds
| p1 = 1:06:53
| u1 = 2:03:11
| u2 = 3:14:26
| greatest = 3:40:09
| u3 = 4:05:51
| u4 = 5:17:05
| p4 = 6:13:24
| previous = November 2002
| next = November 2003
}}
A total [[lunar eclipse]] occurred at the Moon’s [[Lunar node|descending node]] of orbit on Friday, May 16, 2003,<ref>{{cite web|title=May 15–16, 2003 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2003-may-15|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref> with an umbral [[Magnitude of eclipse|magnitude]] of 1.1294. A lunar eclipse occurs when the [[Moon]] moves into the [[Earth's shadow]], causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a [[solar eclipse]], which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the [[night]] side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's [[Umbra, penumbra and antumbra|shadow]] is smaller. Occurring only about 15 hours after [[Apsis|perigee]] (on May 15, 2003, at 11:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.<ref>{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=2003&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref>

This lunar eclipse marks the beginning of a [[Tetrad (astronomy)|tetrad]], with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on [[November 2003 lunar eclipse|November 9, 2003]]; [[May 2004 lunar eclipse|May 4, 2004]]; and [[October 2004 lunar eclipse|October 28, 2004]]. The previous series was in 1985 and 1986, starting with the [[May 1985 lunar eclipse]]. The next series was in 2014 and 2015, starting with the [[April 2014 lunar eclipse]].

== Visibility ==
The eclipse was completely visible over eastern [[North America]], [[South America]], the [[Caribbean]], [[Antarctica]], and [[west Africa]], seen rising over western [[North America]] and the [[Pacific Ocean]] and setting over [[Europe]], [[west Asia]], and much of [[Africa]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Total Lunar Eclipse of 2003 May 16|url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEplot/LEplot2001/LE2003May16T.pdf|publisher=NASA|access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref>

{| class=wikitable width=480
|[[File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2003May16.png|240px]]
|[[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-03may16.png|240px]]<BR>Hourly motion shown right to left
|- align=center
|colspan=2| [[File:Lunar eclipse chart-03may16.png|250px]]<BR>The moon's path across the Earth's shadow near its descending node in [[Libra (constellation)|Libra]].
|}

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Image:Lunar eclipse May 2003-TLR100.jpg|Wide Angle view from [[Minneapolis]] at 3:35 UTC, near greatest eclipse
</gallery>

== Eclipse details ==
Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.<ref>{{cite web|title=Total Lunar Eclipse of 2003 May 16|url=https://eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEprime/2001-2100/LE2003May16Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+May 16, 2003 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
! Parameter
! Value
|-
|-
| Penumbral Magnitude
| align=center colspan=2| [[Image:Lunar eclipse May 2003-TLR75.jpg|250px]]<BR>From [[Minneapolis, MN]], 3:17 UTC
| 2.07649
|-
|-
| Umbral Magnitude
| align=center colspan=2| [[Image:Lunar eclipse chart close-03may16.png|250px]]<BR>The moon's path through the Earth's shadow.
| 1.12938
|-
|-
| Gamma
|align=center bgcolor=#c0d0e0| [[Saros cycle|Series (and member)]] || [[List of lunar eclipses in saros series 121|121]] (54 of 82)
| 0.41234
|-
|-
| Sun Right Ascension
|align=center bgcolor=#c0d0e0| [[Gamma (eclipse)|Gamma]] || 0.4123
| 03h30m07.2s
|-
|-
| Sun Declination
|align=center bgcolor=#c0d0e0| [[Magnitude of eclipse|Magnitude]] || 1.12759
| +18°59'20.2"
|-
|-
| Sun Semi-Diameter
!align=center bgcolor=#c0b0e0 colspan=2| Duration (hr:mn:sc)
| 15'49.2"
|-
|-
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
|align=center bgcolor=#b0a0e0 | Totality || 51:25
| 08.7"
|-
|-
| Moon Right Ascension
|align=center bgcolor=#c0a0e0 | Partial || 3:13:53
| 15h30m43.0s
|-
|-
| Moon Declination
|align=center bgcolor=#d0d0e0 | Penumbral || 5:06:31
| -18°35'31.7"
|-
|-
| Moon Semi-Diameter
!align=center bgcolor=#a0d0e0 colspan=2| Contacts ([[UTC]])
| 16'42.2"
|-
|-
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
|align=center bgcolor=#d0d0e0 | P1 || 1:06:53
| 1°01'18.2"
|-
|-
| ΔT
|align=center bgcolor=#c0a0e0 | U1 || 2:03:11
| 64.4 s
|-
|align=center bgcolor=#b0a0e0 | U2 || 3:14:26
|-
|align=center bgcolor=#a0a0e0| Greatest || 3:40:09
|-
|align=center bgcolor=#b0a0e0 | U3 || 4:05:51
|-
|align=center bgcolor=#c0a0e0 | U4 || 5:17:05
|-
|align=center bgcolor=#d0d0e0 | P4 || 6:13:24
|-
| align=center colspan=2| [[Image:Lunar eclipse chart-03may16.png|250px]]<BR>The moon's path across the Earth's shadow near its descending node in [[Libra (constellation)|Libra]].
|}
|}
{{clear}}


== Eclipse season ==
A total [[lunar eclipse]] took place on Friday, May 16, 2003, the first of two total lunar eclipses in 2003, the other being on [[November 2003 lunar eclipse|November 9, 2003]]. A shallow total eclipse saw the Moon in relative darkness for 52 minutes and 3.1 seconds. The Moon was 12.938% of its diameter into the Earth's umbral shadow, and should have been significantly darkened. The partial eclipse lasted for 3 hours, 15 minutes and 3.1 seconds in total. Occurring only 0.5 days after perigee (Perigee on Thursday, May 15, 2003), the Moon's apparent diameter was 6.2% larger than average. At greatest eclipse the Moon was only 357,693 km (222,260 mi) from the Earth, making it a Super Full Moon.
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an [[eclipse season]], a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a [[fortnight]].


{| class="wikitable"
This lunar eclipse is [[#Lunar year series|first of a ''tetrad'']], four total lunar eclipses in series. The previous series was in 1985 and 1986, starting with a [[May 1985 lunar eclipse]]. The next one was in [[Template:Lunar eclipse set 2013-2016|2014 and 2015]], starting with the April 15, 2014 lunar eclipse.
|+ Eclipse season of May 2003
! [[May 2003 lunar eclipse|May 16]]<br/>Descending node (full moon)<br/> !! [[Solar eclipse of May 31, 2003|May 31]]<br/>Ascending node (new moon)<br/>
|-
| [[File:Lunar eclipse chart close-03may16.png|200px]] || [[File:SE2003May31A.png|200px]]
|- align=center
| [[Lunar eclipse#Types of lunar eclipse|Total lunar eclipse]]<br />Lunar Saros 121 || [[Total eclipse#Types|Annular solar eclipse]]<br />Solar Saros 147
|}


== Visibility ==
== Related eclipses ==
=== Eclipses in 2003 ===
It was completely visible over central Pacific, North America, South America, Atlantic, Europe, Africa and extreme southwestern Asia, seen rising over central Pacific and North America, and setting over Europe and Africa. In South America the entire eclipse was visible lasting just over 5 hours.
* '''A total lunar eclipse on May 16.'''
* [[Solar eclipse of May 31, 2003|An annular solar eclipse on May 31]].
* [[November 2003 lunar eclipse|A total lunar eclipse on November 9]].
* [[Solar eclipse of November 23, 2003|A total solar eclipse on November 23]].


=== Metonic ===
[[File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2003May16.png|320px]]
* Preceded by: [[July 1999 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of July 28, 1999]]
* Followed by: [[March 2007 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of March 3, 2007]]


== Gallery ==
=== Tzolkinex ===
* Preceded by: [[April 1996 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of April 4, 1996]]
* Followed by: [[June 2010 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of June 26, 2010]]


=== Half-Saros ===
<gallery>
* Preceded by: [[Solar eclipse of May 10, 1994]]
Image:Lunar eclipse May 2003-TLR100.jpg|Wide Angle view from [[Minneapolis]] at 3:35 UTC, near greatest eclipse
* Followed by: [[Solar eclipse of May 20, 2012]]
</gallery>


=== Tritos ===
== Relation to other lunar eclipses ==
* Preceded by: [[June 1992 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of June 15, 1992]]
=== [[Eclipse season]] ===
* Followed by: [[April 2014 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of April 15, 2014]]


=== Lunar Saros 121 ===
This is the first eclipse this season.
* Preceded by: [[May 1985 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of May 4, 1985]]
* Followed by: [[May 2021 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of May 26, 2021]]


=== Inex ===
Second eclipse this season: [[Solar eclipse of May 31, 2003|31 May 2003 Annular Solar Eclipse]]
* Preceded by: [[June 1974 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of June 4, 1974]]
=== Eclipses of 2003 ===
* Followed by: [[April 2032 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of April 25, 2032]]


=== Triad ===
* A total lunar eclipse on May 16.
* [[Solar eclipse of May 31, 2003|An annular solar eclipse (one limit) on May 31]].
* Preceded by: [[July 1916 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of July 15, 1916]]
* [[November 2003 lunar eclipse|A total lunar eclipse on November 9]].
* Followed by: [[March 2090 lunar eclipse|Lunar eclipse of March 15, 2090]]
* [[Solar eclipse of November 23, 2003|A total solar eclipse on November 23]].

=== Lunar year series ===

It is also the second of four lunar year cycles, repeating every 354 days.


=== Lunar eclipses of 2002–2005 ===
{{Lunar eclipse set 2002-2005}}
{{Lunar eclipse set 2002-2005}}


=== Metonic series ===
=== Metonic series ===
This eclipse is the second of four [[Metonic cycle]] lunar eclipses on the same date, 15–16 May, each separated by 19 years.

This eclipse is the second of four [[Metonic cycle]] lunar eclipses on the same date, May 15–16, each separated by 19 years.


{{Metonic lunar eclipse 1984-2041}}
{{Metonic lunar eclipse 1984-2041}}


=== Half-Saros cycle===
=== Half-Saros cycle ===
A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a [[Saros_(astronomy)#Relationship_between_lunar_and_solar_saros_.28sar.29|half saros]]).<ref>Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, ''The half-saros''</ref> This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of [[Solar Saros 128]].
A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a [[Saros_(astronomy)#Relationship_between_lunar_and_solar_saros_.28sar.29|half saros]]).<ref>Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, ''The half-saros''</ref> This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of [[Solar Saros 128]].
{| class=wikitable
{| class=wikitable

Latest revision as of 04:45, 11 December 2024

May 2003 lunar eclipse
Total eclipse
Totality as viewed from Minneapolis, MN, 3:17 UTC
DateMay 16, 2003
Gamma0.4123
Magnitude1.1294
Saros cycle121 (54 of 82)
Totality51 minutes, 12 seconds
Partiality193 minutes, 53 seconds
Penumbral306 minutes, 31 seconds
Contacts (UTC)
P11:06:53
U12:03:11
U23:14:26
Greatest3:40:09
U34:05:51
U45:17:05
P46:13:24

A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Friday, May 16, 2003,[1] with an umbral magnitude of 1.1294. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring only about 15 hours after perigee (on May 15, 2003, at 11:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[2]

This lunar eclipse marks the beginning of a tetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on November 9, 2003; May 4, 2004; and October 28, 2004. The previous series was in 1985 and 1986, starting with the May 1985 lunar eclipse. The next series was in 2014 and 2015, starting with the April 2014 lunar eclipse.

Visibility

[edit]

The eclipse was completely visible over eastern North America, South America, the Caribbean, Antarctica, and west Africa, seen rising over western North America and the Pacific Ocean and setting over Europe, west Asia, and much of Africa.[3]


Hourly motion shown right to left

The moon's path across the Earth's shadow near its descending node in Libra.
[edit]
  • Wide Angle view from Minneapolis at 3:35 UTC, near greatest eclipse
    Wide Angle view from Minneapolis at 3:35 UTC, near greatest eclipse

Eclipse details

[edit]

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

May 16, 2003 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 2.07649
Umbral Magnitude 1.12938
Gamma 0.41234
Sun Right Ascension 03h30m07.2s
Sun Declination +18°59'20.2"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'49.2"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 15h30m43.0s
Moon Declination -18°35'31.7"
Moon Semi-Diameter 16'42.2"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°01'18.2"
ΔT 64.4 s

Eclipse season

[edit]
See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of May 2003
May 16
Descending node (full moon)
 May 31
Ascending node (new moon)
Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 121		 Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 147
[edit]

Eclipses in 2003

[edit]

Metonic

[edit]

Tzolkinex

[edit]

Half-Saros

[edit]

Tritos

[edit]

Lunar Saros 121

[edit]

Inex

[edit]

Triad

[edit]

Lunar eclipses of 2002–2005

[edit]
Lunar eclipse series sets from 2002–2005
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros
Photo 		Date
View 		Type
Chart 		Gamma Saros
Photo 		Date
View 		Type
Chart 		Gamma
111 2002 May 26
 penumbral
 1.1759 116 2002 Nov 20
 penumbral
 −1.1127
121
 2003 May 16
 total
 0.4123 126
 2003 Nov 09
 total
 −0.4319
131
 2004 May 04
 total
 −0.3132 136
 2004 Oct 28
 total
 0.2846
141 2005 Apr 24
 penumbral
 −1.0885 146
 2005 Oct 17
 partial
 0.9796
Last set 2002 Jun 24 Last set 2001 Dec 30
Next set 2006 Mar 14 Next set 2006 Sep 07


Metonic series

[edit]

This eclipse is the second of four Metonic cycle lunar eclipses on the same date, 15–16 May, each separated by 19 years.

The Metonic cycle repeats nearly exactly every 19 years and represents a Saros cycle plus one lunar year. Because it occurs on the same calendar date, the Earth's shadow will be in nearly the same location relative to the background stars.

  1. 1984 May 15.19 - penumbral (111)
  2. 2003 May 16.15 - total (121)
  3. 2022 May 16.17 - total (131)
  4. 2041 May 16.03 - penumbral (141)
  1. 1984 Nov 08.75 - penumbral (116)
  2. 2003 Nov 09.05 - total (126)
  3. 2022 Nov 08.46 - total (136)
  4. 2041 Nov 08.19 - partial (146)
  5. 2060 Nov 08.17 - penumbral (156)

Half-Saros cycle

[edit]

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[5] This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of Solar Saros 128.

May 10, 1994 May 20, 2012

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "May 15–16, 2003 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)". timeanddate. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  3. ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 2003 May 16" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  4. ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 2003 May 16". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  5. ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
[edit]
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