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The Philharmonia Hungarica was a symphony orchestra, based in Marl, Germany, which existed from 1956 to 2001.

History

The Philharmonia Hungarica was first established in Baden bei Wien near Vienna by Hungarian musicians who had fled their homeland after it was invaded by Soviet troops. This refugee ensemble gathered together some of Hungary's finest musical talent and was directed by Zoltán Rozsnyai, former conductor of the Hungarian National Philharmonic. After two years it moved to Marl with funding from the North Rhine-Westphalia government.^[1] Through the efforts of Rozsnyai and honorary president Antal Doráti, the Philharmonia Hungarica quickly matured into one of Europe's most distinguished orchestras.

Soon after its foundation Doráti recorded two Bartók LPs, Respighi, two Haydn symphonies, Tchaikovsky and Arensky on the Mercury label. An abridged Orphée aux Enfers (in German) with Adolf Dallapozza and Anneliese Rothenberger, conducted by Willy Mattes, and a Wiener Blut with Rothenberger, Nicolai Gedda and Renate Holm conducted by Willi Boskovsky were also set down. During the 1970s, Doráti and the orchestra, under contract with Decca Records, made a recording of the complete Joseph Haydn symphonies;^[1] only two other ensembles, the Austro-Hungarian Haydn Orchestra, conducted by Ádám Fischer, and the Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra, conducted by Dennis Russell Davies have since repeated this feat. Doráti's recording was widely reported as the first, although Ernst Märzendorfer had earlier recorded the complete Haydn symphonies with the Vienna Chamber Orchestra, although it was given a very limited release.^[2] Again using the St. Bonifatius Kirche as the recording venue, Doráti and the orchestra also recorded Kodály's orchestral music in 1973.^[3]

The orchestra made several concert tours, within Europe and in North America and appearing at music festivals.^[4] Premieres given by the orchestra included Hunyadi László (1982) by von Einem for the orchestra's 25th anniversary, Clarinet Concerto (1986) by Giselher Klebe, and the Piano Concerto (1992) by Krzysztof Meyer.^[1] In 1976 the Philharmonia Hungarica recorded Jon Lord's critically acclaimed 'Sarabande' album, an original collection of movements inspired by the baroque dance suites.

From the orchestra's inception, the West German government sought to harness its anti-Soviet propaganda potential. As a result, the government generously funded the orchestra throughout the Cold War and continued subsidies after the Iron Curtain fell in 1990. The withdrawal of state subsidies at the start of 2001, combined with the long-term decline in concert attendances, aggravated the financial problems that threatened the orchestra's survival.

After Rozsnyai, the chief conductors were Miltiades Caridis (1960–67), Alois Springer (1968–74), Reinhard Peters (1975–79), Uri Segal (1979–85), Gilbert Varga (1985–91) and finally George Alexander Albrecht.^[1]

The beleaguered Philharmonia Hungarica finally disbanded after giving a farewell concert in Düsseldorf on 22 April 2001, featuring a performance of Anton Bruckner's Symphony No. 9 including the finale (Ed. Nicola Samale, John A. Phillips, Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs and Giuseppe Mazzuca) conducted by Robert Bachmann, as well as the first German performance of the finale fragment, edited by John A. Phillips, conducted and presented by Cohrs. The concert was attended by an estimated audience of 150 in a concert hall meant to hold 2000 (Tonhalle Düsseldorf), after members of the German Orchestral Union had falsely announced in public that the concert would be cancelled. Plans to rescue the orchestra failed, because there was no political interest any longer to keep it alive.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Alain Pâris. Dictionnaire des interprètes et de l'interpretation musicale au XX siècle. Éditions Robert Laffont, Paris, 1995 (p1022-23).
^ Music Web International
^ Philip Stuart. Decca Classical, 1929-2009 (Discography). AHRC Research Centre for the History and Analysis of Recorded Music. Accessed 20 December 2016.
^ Notes in booklet accompanying Decca HDNF 27-30, Haydn symphonies 65-72, 1970.

External links

[aparis-1] Alain Pâris. Dictionnaire des interprètes et de l'interpretation musicale au XX siècle. Éditions Robert Laffont, Paris, 1995 (p1022-23).

[2] Music Web International

[3] Philip Stuart. Decca Classical, 1929-2009 (Discography). AHRC Research Centre for the History and Analysis of Recorded Music. Accessed 20 December 2016.

[4] Notes in booklet accompanying Decca HDNF 27-30, Haydn symphonies 65-72, 1970.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-The '''Philharmonia Hungarica''' was a [[symphony orchestra]], based in [[Marl, North Rhine-Westphalia|Marl]], [[Germany]], which existed from 1956 to 2001.
+{{Short description|German symphony orchestra}}
+The '''Philharmonia Hungarica''' was a [[symphony orchestra]], based in [[Marl, North Rhine-Westphalia|Marl]], [[Germany]], which existed from 1956 to 2001.
+==History==
-It was first established in [[Baden bei Wien]] near [[Vienna]] by [[Hungary|Hungarian]] musicians who had fled their homeland after it was [[1956 Hungarian Revolution|invaded by Soviet troops]]. This [[refugee]] ensemble gathered together some of Hungary's finest musical talent and was directed by none other than [[Zoltán Rozsnyai]], former [[conducting|conductor]] of the [[Hungarian National Philharmonic]]. Through the ardent efforts of Rozsnyai and honorary president [[Antal Doráti]], the Philharmonia Hungarica quickly matured into one of Europe's most distinguished orchestras. During the 1970s, Doráti and the orchestra, under contract with [[Decca Records]], made a recording of the complete cycle of [[Joseph Haydn]]'s [[symphony|symphonies]]; only one other ensemble, the [[Austro-Hungarian Haydn Orchestra]], conducted by [[Ádám Fischer]], has since repeated this feat.  Doráti's recording has been widely reported as a world-first. However, this was not the case.  [[Ernst Märzendorfer]] earlier recorded the complete Haydn symphonies with the [[Vienna Chamber Orchestra]], although it was given a very limited release.<ref>[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2006/Jan06/Haydn_1-5_8557571.htm Music Web International]</ref>
+The Philharmonia Hungarica was first established in [[Baden bei Wien]] near [[Vienna]] by [[Hungary|Hungarian]] musicians who had fled their homeland after it was [[1956 Hungarian Revolution|invaded by Soviet troops]]. This [[refugee]] ensemble gathered together some of Hungary's finest musical talent and was directed by [[Zoltán Rozsnyai]], former [[conducting|conductor]] of the [[Hungarian National Philharmonic]]. After two years it moved to Marl with funding from the North Rhine-Westphalia government.<ref name="aparis">[[Alain Pâris]]. ''Dictionnaire des interprètes et de l'interpretation musicale au XX siècle.'' [[Éditions Robert Laffont]], Paris, 1995 (p1022-23).</ref> Through the efforts of Rozsnyai and honorary president [[Antal Doráti]], the Philharmonia Hungarica quickly matured into one of Europe's most distinguished orchestras.
+Soon after its foundation Doráti recorded two Bartók LPs, Respighi, two Haydn symphonies, Tchaikovsky and Arensky on the [[Mercury Records|Mercury]] label. An abridged ''[[Orphée aux Enfers]]'' (in German) with [[Adolf Dallapozza]] and [[Anneliese Rothenberger]], conducted by Willy Mattes, and a ''[[Wiener Blut (operetta)|Wiener Blut]]'' with Rothenberger, [[Nicolai Gedda]] and [[Renate Holm]] conducted by [[Willi Boskovsky]] were also set down. During the 1970s, Doráti and the orchestra, under contract with [[Decca Records]], made a recording of the complete [[Joseph Haydn]] [[symphony|symphonies]];<ref name="aparis"/> only two other ensembles, the Austro-Hungarian Haydn Orchestra, conducted by [[Ádám Fischer]], and the [[Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra]], conducted by [[Dennis Russell Davies]] have since repeated this feat. Doráti's recording was widely reported as the first, although [[Ernst Märzendorfer]] had earlier recorded the complete Haydn symphonies with the [[Vienna Chamber Orchestra]], although it was given a very limited release.<ref>[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2006/Jan06/Haydn_1-5_8557571.htm Music Web International]</ref> Again using the St. Bonifatius Kirche as the recording venue, Doráti and the orchestra also recorded [[Zoltán Kodály|Kodály]]'s orchestral music in 1973.<ref>Philip Stuart. Decca Classical, 1929-2009 (Discography). AHRC Research Centre for the History and Analysis of Recorded Music. Accessed 20 December 2016.</ref>
-In 1976 the Philharmonia Hungarica recorded [[Jon Lord]]'s critically acclaimed 'Sarabande' album, an original collection of movements inspired by the baroque dance suites.
+The orchestra made several concert tours, within Europe and in North America and appearing at music festivals.<ref>Notes in booklet accompanying Decca HDNF 27-30, Haydn symphonies 65-72, 1970.</ref> Premieres given by the orchestra included ''Hunyadi László'' (1982) by [[Gottfried von Einem|von Einem]] for the orchestra's 25th anniversary, Clarinet Concerto (1986) by [[Giselher Klebe]], and the Piano Concerto (1992) by [[Krzysztof Meyer]].<ref name="aparis"/> In 1976 the Philharmonia Hungarica recorded [[Jon Lord]]'s critically acclaimed 'Sarabande' album, an original collection of movements inspired by the baroque dance suites.
-From the orchestra's inception, the West German government sought to harness its anti-[[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[propaganda]] potential. As a result, the government generously funded the orchestra throughout the [[Cold War]] and continued extending subsidies even after the [[Iron Curtain]] fell in 1990. The full withdrawal of state subsidies at the start of 2001, combined with the long-term decline in concert attendances, aggravated the financial problems that threatened the orchestra's survival.
+From the orchestra's inception, the West German government sought to harness its anti-[[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[propaganda]] potential. As a result, the government generously funded the orchestra throughout the [[Cold War]] and continued subsidies after the [[Iron Curtain]] fell in 1990. The withdrawal of state subsidies at the start of 2001, combined with the long-term decline in concert attendances, aggravated the financial problems that threatened the orchestra's survival.
-The beleaguered Philharmonia Hungarica finally disbanded after giving a farewell concert in [[Düsseldorf]] on 22 April 2001, featuring a performance of [[Anton Bruckner]]'s ''[[Symphony No. 9 (Bruckner)|Symphony No. 9]]'' including the Finale (Ed. [[Nicola Samale]], [[John A. Phillips]], [[Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs]] and [[Giuseppe Mazzuca]]) conducted by [[Robert Bachmann]], as well as the German first performance of the Documentation of the Finale Fragment, edited by [[John A. Phillips]], conducted and presented by [[Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs]]. The concert was attended by an estimated audience of 150 in a concert hall meant to hold 2000 (Tonhalle Düsseldorf), after members of the German Orchestral Union had falsely announced in public that the concert would be cancelled. Plans to rescue the orchestra failed, because there was no political interest any longer to keep it alive.
+After Rozsnyai, the chief conductors were [[Miltiades Caridis]] (1960–67), Alois Springer (1968–74), [[Reinhard Peters]] (1975–79), [[Uri Segal]] (1979–85), [[Gilbert Varga]] (1985–91) and finally [[George Alexander Albrecht]].<ref name="aparis"/>
+The beleaguered Philharmonia Hungarica finally disbanded after giving a farewell concert in [[Düsseldorf]] on 22 April 2001, featuring a performance of [[Anton Bruckner]]'s [[Symphony No. 9 (Bruckner)|Symphony No. 9]] including the finale (Ed. [[Nicola Samale]], John A. Phillips, [[Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs]] and Giuseppe Mazzuca) conducted by Robert Bachmann, as well as the first German performance of the finale fragment, edited by John A. Phillips, conducted and presented by Cohrs. The concert was attended by an estimated audience of 150 in a concert hall meant to hold 2000 (Tonhalle Düsseldorf), after members of the German Orchestral Union had falsely announced in public that the concert would be cancelled. Plans to rescue the orchestra failed, because there was no political interest any longer to keep it alive.
 ==References==
@@ Line 14: / Line 20: @@
 ==External links==
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20010124021300/http://www.philharmonia-hungarica.com/ Philharmonia Hungarica official website] archived at [[Internet Archive]]
-*[http://sdmagyar.org/bighuns.htm#rozsnyai Rozsnyai's establishment of the Philharmonia Hungarica]
+*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110928083116/http://sdmagyar.org/bighuns.htm#rozsnyai Rozsnyai's establishment of the Philharmonia Hungarica]
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20050108104050/http://www.andante.com/article/article.cfm?id=13174 Matthew Westphal, "Philharmonia Hungarica Play Final Concert and Disbands", ''Andante'' (April 24, 2001)]
 {{Authority control}}
-[[Category:German orchestras]]
-[[Category:Hungarian music]]
+[[Category:German symphony orchestras]]
 [[Category:Hungarian orchestras]]
 [[Category:Musical groups established in 1956]]
 [[Category:Musical groups disestablished in 2001]]
 [[Category:Disbanded orchestras]]
+[[Category:1956 establishments in West Germany]]
+[[Category:2001 disestablishments in Germany]]
+[[Category:Orchestras in North Rhine-Westphalia]]
+[[Category:Recklinghausen (district)]]

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