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{{Not to be confused with|Ramat HaSharon}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}{{engvarb|date=July 2024}}
{{Israelis}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Hod-HaSharon
| native_name = {{lang|he|הוד־השרון}}
| settlement_type = [[List of cities in Israel|City]] (since 1990)
| translit_lang1 = Hebrew
| translit_lang1_type1 = [[ISO 259]]
| translit_lang1_info1 = Hod ha-Šaron
| translit_lang1_type2 = Transliteration
| translit_lang1_info2 = Hod Ha'Sharon
| translit_lang1_type3 = Transliteration
| translit_lang1_info3 = Hod HaSharon
| image_skyline =
{{center|{{Photomontage


|photo1e=Hod-ha-Sharon-Anemone-Hill-932.jpg
'''Hod HaSharon''' (הוד השרון "Splendor of the [[Sharon, Israel|Sharon]]" in [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]) is a city in the [[Center District of Israel|Center District]] of [[Israel]]. Officially declared a city in [[1990]], Hod HaSharon was created from the union of four neighboring settlements: Magdiel, Ramatayim, Hadar, and Ramat Hadar. Its official land area is 1.9239 square kilometers, and according to the [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS), in [[September 2003]] the city had a total population of 39,900.
|photo2a = Arbaonot035.jpg
|photo2b = DJI 0033-2.jpg
|photo3a =
|photo3b = 4seasonspark.JPG
|photo4a =
|photo4b = Hod-ha-Sharon-Anemone-Hill-939.jpg
|photo5e=HodHaSharonParkFeb222022 03.jpg


|size = 270
[[image:4seasonspark.JPG|left|thumb|190px|Arba Haonot Park]]
|color = transparent
|border = 0
}}}}
| image_blank_emblem = Coat of arms of Hod HaSharon.svg


| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map = Israel center ta#Israel
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_label_position = top
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|32|09|N|34|53|E|region:IL|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{ISR}}
| subdivision_type1 =
| subdivision_name1 =
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Israel|District]]
| subdivision_name2 =
[[Central District (Israel)|Central]]
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1964
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = [[Amir Kochavi]]
| unit_pref = dunam
| area_total_dunam = {{formatnum:19236|R}}
| population_footnotes = {{Israel populations|reference}}
| population_total = {{Israel populations|Hod Hasharon}}
| population_as_of = {{Israel populations|Year}}
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Ethnicity
| demographics1_footnotes = {{Israel populations|reference}}
| demographics1_title1 = [[Israeli Jews|Jews and others]]
| demographics1_info1 = 99.9%
| demographics1_title2 = [[Arab citizens of Israel|Arabs]]
| demographics1_info2 = 0.1%
| blank_name_sec1 = Name meaning
| blank_info_sec1 = Splendor of the [[Sharon plain|Sharon]] [region]
| website = http://www.hod-hasharon.muni.il/
}}


'''Hod HaSharon''' ({{langx|he|הוד־השרון|lit=Splendor of the [[Sharon plain|Sharon]] [region]}})<ref name="CBS.gov.il - 2018">{{Cite web|title=קובץ הרשויות המקומיות בישראל - 2018|url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/Pages/2020/קובץ-הרשויות-המקומיות-בישראל-2018.aspx|access-date=2020-11-19|website=www.cbs.gov.il|language=he-IL}}</ref> is a city in the [[Central District (Israel)|Central District]] of [[Israel]]. The city is located approximately {{convert|10|km|mi}} east of the [[Mediterranean]] coastline, south of [[Kfar Saba]], southeast of [[Ra'anana]], and northeast of [[Ramat HaSharon]]. In {{Israel populations|Year}} Hod-HaSharon had a population of {{Israel populations|Hod Hasharon}}{{Israel populations|reference}} and its citizens are nearly entirely [[Israeli Jews|Jewish]].{{Israel populations|reference}}<ref name="CBS.gov.il - 2018" />
== Demographics ==


Hod HaSharon was officially formed and made a [[local council (Israel)|local council]] in 1964 by the merging of four ''[[moshavot]]'': [[Magdiel]], [[Ramatayim]], [[Hadar, Hod HaSharon|Hadar]], and [[Ramat Hadar]].<ref name="judaica">''Encyclopedia Judaica'', Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1972, Vol. 8, p. 802, "Hod Ha-Sharon"</ref> The land area of Hod HaSharon is {{convert|19.2|km2|1|abbr=out}},<ref name="Profil Iriya">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/publications13/local_authorities11_1531/pdf/183_9700.pdf|title=Local Authorities in Israel 2011, Publication #1315 – Municipality Profiles – Hod HaSharon|publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics|year=2011|language=he|access-date=2014-03-25|archive-date=2022-06-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617214227/https://www.cbs.gov.il/publications13/local_authorities11_1531/pdf/183_9700.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> and according to the [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]] (CBS), in {{Israel populations|Year}} the city had a population of {{Israel populations|Hod Hasharon}}.{{Israel populations|reference}}
According to the CBS, the ethnic makeup of the city was in [[2001]] was 100.0% [[Jew]]ish and other non-Arab, with no significant [[Israeli Arab|Arab]] population. There are 131 immigrant settlers. See [[Population groups in Israel]].


==History==
According to the CBS, in 2001 there were 18,500 males and 18,800 females. The population of the city was spread out with 34.2% 19 years of age or younger, 14.4% between 20 and 29, 22.6% between 30 and 44, 18.0% from 45 to 59, 2.7% from 60 to 64, and 8.1% 65 years of age or older. The population growth rate in 2001 was 3.7%.
[[File:4seasonspark.JPG|thumb|250px|Four Seasons Park]]
[[File:Hod Hasjaron-a011.jpg|thumb|250px|Magdiel garden]]
Hod HaSharon is home to [[Tel Qana]], an [[archeological site]] inhabited in the [[Early Bronze Age|Early]], [[Middle Bronze Age migrations (ancient Near East)|Middle]], and [[Late Bronze Age collapse|Late Bronze]] Ages, Iron Age I–II, and the [[Achaemenid Empire|Persian]], [[Roman Empire|Roman]], and [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] periods.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tel Qana – Biblical Archaeology – Maps and Findings |url=https://biblical-archaeology.org/en/locations/%d7%aa%d7%9c-%d7%a7%d7%a0%d7%94/ |access-date=2024-04-24 |language=en-US}}</ref>


A 1,300-year-old [[olive oil]] factory, of mason-worked blocks, was unearthed in Hod HaSharon. According to the [[Israel Antiquities Authority]] (IAA), the size of the press suggested it was meant for commercial production, rather than local or personal use."<ref>{{cite web |year=2012 |title=1,300 Year-Old Olive Oil Factory Excavated in Israel |url=https://www.oliveoiltimes.com/olive-oil-basics/1300-year-old-olive-oil-factory-excavated-in-israel/28033 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714081416/https://www.oliveoiltimes.com/olive-oil-basics/1300-year-old-olive-oil-factory-excavated-in-israel/28033 |archive-date=2018-07-14 |access-date=2018-07-14 |publisher=Olive Oil Times |language=En}}- Retrieved 2018-07-14</ref>


Before the 20th century, the area of Hod HaSharon formed part of the Forest of Sharon, a hallmark of the region's historical landscape; the landscape was an open [[woodland]], dominated by sections of [[Mount Tabor]] oak (''[[Quercus ithaburensis]]''), extending from [[Kfar Yona]] in the north to [[Ra'anana]] in the south. Traditionally, the local Arab inhabitants used the area for [[pasture]], [[firewood]] and intermittent [[Agriculture|cultivation]]. The intensification of settlement and agriculture on the [[Israeli coastal plain|coastal plain]] during the 19th century led to [[deforestation]] and subsequent [[environmental degradation]], known from [[Hebrew literature|Hebrew sources]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marom |first=Roy |date=2022-12-01 |title=יער השרון (אל-ע'אבה) בתקופה העות'מאנית: בתקופה מהמחקר חדשות תובנות הגיאוגרפי-היסטורי The Oak Forest of the Sharon (al-Ghaba) in the Ottoman Period: New Insights from Historical- Geographical Studies |url=https://www.academia.edu/93207554 |journal=Muse |volume=5 |pages=90–107 |access-date=2022-12-27 |archive-date=2022-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227222538/https://www.academia.edu/93207554/%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%A2%D7%90%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%A8_%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99_The_Oak_Forest_of_the_Sharon_al_Ghaba_in_the_Ottoman_Period_New_Insights_from_Historical_Geographical_Studies |url-status=live }}</ref>
== Income ==


In 1964, Hod HaSharon was created through a merger of [[Magdiel]] with ''Hadar Ramatayim'', an administrative body which encompassed the former moshavot of Ramatayim, Hadar and Ramat Hadar.<ref name="harsagi" /> Hod Hasharon was governed by a [[local council (Israel)|local council]] until it was declared a city in April 1990.<ref name="profile">{{cite web |url=http://www.hod-hasharon.muni.il/Open_2007.asp?FrameSrc=/Htmls/English/IdentityCard.html |title=Identity Card |access-date=2008-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207082706/http://www.hod-hasharon.muni.il/Open_2007.asp?FrameSrc=%2FHtmls%2FEnglish%2FIdentityCard.html |archive-date=2009-02-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
According to the CBS, as of [[2000]], there were 14,285 salaried workers and 1,532 are self-employed in the city. The mean monthly wage in 2000 for a salaried worker in the city is [[New Israeli Shekel|ILS]] 7,847, a real change of 13.4% over the course of 2000. Salaried males have a mean monthly wage of ILS 10,408 (a real change of 13.0%) versus ILS 5,397 for females (a real change of 12.6%). The mean income for the self-employed is 9,240. There are 477 people who receive unemployment benefits and 707 people who receive an income guarantee.


===Magdiel===
Magdiel was founded on 2 August 1924, by a group of twelve [[Ashkenazi]] families. They received a plot of land from [[Yehoshua Hankin]], which they cultivated and prepared for farming.<ref name="profile"/> Magdiel was established as a ''[[moshava]]'', starting on 4,000 [[dunam]]s of land purchased near the Arab village of [[Biyar 'Adas]]. The initial population included Jewish immigrants from [[Fourth Aliyah|Russia]], [[Fourth Aliyah|Poland]] and [[Fourth Aliyah|Lithuania]], later joined by a group from the [[History of the Jews in the Netherlands|Netherlands]].<ref>''Encyclopedia Judaica, Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1972, Vol. 8, p. 802, "Hod Ha-Sharon"</ref>


== Education ==
===Ramatayim===
[[File:Hod Hasjaron-a045.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Atidim park]]
Ramatayim was founded in July 1925 by immigrants from Poland.<ref name="judaica"/> It was founded on the principle of private initiative. Ramatayim was built on two hills connected by a valley, hence the name Ramatayim, literally 'two hills'.<ref name="profile"/> According to a [[1931 census of Palestine|census]] conducted in 1931 by the [[Mandate for Palestine|British Mandate authorities]], Ramatayim had a population of 180, in 31 houses.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 15]</ref> In 1949, Ramatayim became the first local council to be established in Israel.<ref name="harsagi"/>


===Hadar===
According to the CBS, there are 19 schools and 7,581 students in the city. They are spread out in 13 elementary schools with 3,970 elementary school students, and 8 high schools with 3,611 high school students. 64.9% of 12th grade students were entitled to a matriculation certificate in 2001.
Hadar was established in 1927 by Yael Leah Eichhorn, a middle-class immigrant from [[Eastern Europe]], who was joined soon thereafter by a group of [[Italian Jews]].<ref name="judaica"/> The land was purchased from the [[Abu Kishk|Abou Kishk]] [[Bedouin]] tribe. The pioneers decided to build a rural settlement founded on [[citrus]] farming (hence the village's name, "Hadar", Hebrew for "citrus"). In its early years, the farmers of Hadar also engaged in [[poultry]] farming. According to the [[1931 census of Palestine|1931 census]], Hadar had 71 inhabitants, all Jews, in 23 houses.<ref name="Census1931" /> In the early 1940s, [[Yemenite Jews|Yemenite]] immigrants moved to Hadar, establishing the ''Shikun Hateymanim'' quarter, today part of the Gannei Tzvi neighborhood.<ref name="profile"/> In 1951, Ramatayim and Hadar merged to form Hadar Ramatayim.<ref name="judaica"/> In April 1956, the boundaries of Hadar Ramatayim were extended to include the [[ma'abara]] of Ganei Tzvi, established in the end of [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]] as ''Kfar Nitzahon'', and renamed earlier in 1956 after [[Harry Morris, 1st Baron Morris of Kenwood|Lord Harry (Tzvi) Morris of Kenwood]], a major donor of the [[Jewish National Fund]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/dav/1956/01/31/01/article/72/ | title=⁨כפר _הנצחון ייקרא "גני צבי" ⁩ {{pipe}} ⁨דבר⁩ {{pipe}} 31 ינואר 1956 {{pipe}} אוסף העיתונות {{pipe}} הספרייה הלאומית | access-date=2021-05-20 | archive-date=2021-05-20 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520165406/https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/dav/1956/01/31/01/article/72/ | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/dav/1956/04/18/01/article/37/ | title=⁨גני צב* _עצלותי הרי (צבי) מוריכו ⁩ {{pipe}} ⁨דבר⁩ {{pipe}} 18 אפריל 1956 {{pipe}} אוסף העיתונות {{pipe}} הספרייה הלאומית | access-date=2021-05-20 | archive-date=2021-05-20 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520165406/https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/dav/1956/04/18/01/article/37/ | url-status=live }}</ref>


== Subdivisions ==
===Ramat Hadar===
Ramat Hadar was established in December 1938 by middle-class immigrants fleeing from [[Nazi Germany]], members of the [[Fifth Aliyah]].<ref name="judaica"/> Ramat Hadar was built on a hill south of Hadar, near the main road from [[Petah Tikva]] to Ramatayim (nowadays [[Highway 40 (Israel)|road 402]]). The economy of Ramat Hadar was based on small farms, mainly poultry,<ref name="profile"/> as well as citrus orchards. Ramat Hadar had its own post office from 1959 til 1989. In 1963, Ramat Hadar became part of Hadar Ramatayim.<ref name="harsagi">{{cite book|year=1990|title=האנציקלופדיה לשלטון המקומי בישראל|volume=מועצות מקומיות א'|editor=אבי-הר שגיא|publisher=הר-שגיא|location=Beersheba}}</ref>


<gallery>
The settlements which comprise Hod Hasharon pre-date the city itself. Although they are now retained as subdivisions of the city, they each have histories of their own.
File:Biyar 'Adas 1942.jpg|Ramatayim 1942 1:20,000
File:Hash Sharon 1942.jpg|Hadar 1942 1:20,000
File:רמתיים (הוד השרון) - מראה-JNF006952.jpeg|Ramatayim 1945
File:Herzliya 1945.jpg|Hadar 1945 1:250,000
</gallery>


=== Magdiel ===
==Demographics==
In 2006, the ethnic makeup of the city was 99.9% Jewish, with no significant [[Israeli Arab|Arab]] population. The population density of Hod HaSharon is the lowest in the Sharon Plain.<ref name="profile"/> The population growth rate in 2006 was 3.3%.<ref name="Profil Iriya"/> According to the CBS, {{As of|2005|lc=y}}, there were 18,612 salaried workers and 2,006 are self-employed in the city.<ref name="Profil Iriya"/>


==Schools and religious institutions==
The settlement of Magdiel was founded on the second day of [[Av (month)|Av]] ([[August 2]][[1924]]) after the meeting of its 12 founders in [[Tel Aviv]] earlier in July. In the meeting the founders collectively decided to establish a new Hebrew settlement in which Hebrew workers might work. <!-- Yeah that is a lame sentence; still working on the translation. ~~~~ -->
[[File:PikiWiki Israel 51908 the great synagogue in magdiel.jpg|thumb|250px|Magdiel Great synagogue]]
[[File:Hod Hasjaron-a001.jpg|thumb|250px|Sharonim mall]]
According to the CBS, there are 18 schools and 8,083 students in the city:
12 elementary schools: The Democratic School, HaMagen, Yigal Alon, Lapid, Shilo, Mamlachti Alef, Neve Ne'eman, Rabin, Re'ut, Tali, Ha'Yarok in the name of Ariel Sharon, and Begin (4,406 students).
4 middle schools: HaRishonim, HaShachar, Atidim and Tzurim (1,628 students). A fifth middle school, HaShkimim opened in 2018.
5 high schools: Hadarim, Alexander Muss High School in Israel, Ramon, Mosenson and Na'amat (2,049 students). A sixth high school named HaShikmim was opened in 2021.
71.7% of the city's 12th graders were entitled to a matriculation certificate in 2001.<ref name="Profil Iriya"/>


[[Mosenson Youth Village]] accepts both Israelis and overseas students.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.naale-il.org/a79-mosenson-youth-village |title=Mosenson youth village |access-date=2010-09-28 |archive-date=2011-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110417045908/http://www.naale-il.org/a79-mosenson-youth-village |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Alexander Muss High School in Israel]], run by the [[Jewish National Fund|Jewish National Fund (JNF)]], offers a program for American high school students who spend two months to a year in Israel. Each year, the senior class of the [[Charles E Smith Jewish Day School]] (located in Rockville, Maryland a suburb of Washington DC) come to The [[Alexander Muss High School in Israel]] for the second semester and approximately half of the tenth grade class from the [[Milken Community High School]] in Los Angeles, [[California|CA]], come to Hod Hasharon to study for a semester along with this program.
=== Ramatayim ===
=== Hadar ===
=== Ramat Hadar ===


==Transport==
[[Category:Cities in Israel]]
Hod HaSharon is roughly bounded by [[Highway 531 (Israel)|Highway 531]] in the north, [[Highway 40 (Israel)|Highway 40]] in the east, [[Highway 5 (Israel)|Highway 5]] in the south and [[Highway 4 (Israel)|Highway 4]] in the west. [[Route 402 (Israel)|Road 402]] runs through the city. The city is served by two railway stations, [[Hod HaSharon Sokolov Railway Station|Hod HaSharon Sokolov]] and [[Kfar Sava Nordau Railway Station|Kfar Sava Nordau]] at its north border, right next to Highway 531. Line M1 of the [[Tel Aviv Metro]], that is expected to be built in the 2030-s, is expected to pass through Western Hod HaSharon.


==Hod Hasharon Park==
[[de:Hod haScharon]]
[[Hod Hasharon Park]] is a park in southern Hod Hasharon. The park contains a hill, which was formerly used as the municipal landfill of Hod Hasharon, and is now used as a hiking and observation area of the park. From the top of the hill, one can see Hod Hasharon, the settlements of the [[Drom HaSharon Regional Council]], Tel Aviv, Herzliya and Samaria.
[[he:&#1492;&#1493;&#1491; &#1492;&#1513;&#1512;&#1493;&#1503;]]

[[ru:&#1061;&#1086;&#1076;-&#1061;&#1072;&#1096;&#1072;&#1088;&#1086;&#1085;]]
Near the hill, the largest ecological lake in Israel was established, with an area of around 27,000[[Square metre|m<sup>2</sup>]]. Near the lake, there is a variety of waterfowl, herons, geese, ducks and songbirds. In the water. [[African softshell turtle]]s, nutria and fish of various types have been observed.
<gallery widths="200" heights="200" mode=packed>
File:HodHaSharonParkFeb222022 07.jpg|The ecological lake
File:HodHaSharonParkFeb222022 04.jpg|Sustainability hill
</gallery>

==Notable people==
[[File:Bar Refaeli 2011.jpg|thumb|upright|Supermodel [[Bar Refaeli]] grew up in Hod-HaSharon]]
*[[Adi Altschuler]] (born 1986); educator and a social entrepreneur
*[[Ron Arad (pilot)|Ron Arad]] (born 1958); Israeli Air Force weapon systems officer; classified as missing in action since 1986
*[[Danny Ayalon]] (born 1955); politician and former Israeli ambassador to the United States
*[[Netta Barzilai]] (born 1993); singer-songwriter, winner of the [[Eurovision Song Contest]] in {{Escyr|2018}}
*[[Shahar Biran]] (born 1998); tennis player
* [[Gal Cohen Groumi]] (born 2002); Olympic swimmer
*[[Dor Daniel]] (born 1982); singer-songwriter
*[[Gedalia Gal]] (born 1933); farmer and former politician and member of the Israeli Knesset
*[[Eliran George]] (born 1992); association footballer
*[[Esti Ginzburg]] (born 1985); model, television host and actress
*[[Shira Haas]] (born 1995), actress
*[[Keren Hadar]] (born 1975), soprano singer
*[[Yifat Kariv]] (born 1973), member of the Israeli Knesset and social worker
*[[Keren Leibovitch]] (born 1973), champion Paralympic swimmer
*[[Yaniv Luzon]] (born 1981), association footballer
*[[Noam Mills]] (born 1986), female Israeli Olympic fencer
*[[Bar Refaeli]] (born 1985); supermodel, television host, actress and businesswoman
*[[Udi Spielman]] (born 1951); singer and Chazzan
*[[Ehud Tenenbaum|Ehud "Udi" Tenenbaum]] (born 1979); [[Software cracking|software cracker]] nicknamed as "The Analyzer"
*[[Avihai Yadin]] (born 1986); association footballer
*[[Imri Ziv]] (born 1991); singer

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel}}
Hod HaSharon is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Dorsten]], Germany<ref>{{cite web|title=Partnerstädte und Partnerschaften|url=https://www.dorsten.de/Unsere_Stadt/Stadtinformationen/Partnerschaften/Partnerstaedte.asp|publisher=Dorsten|language=de|access-date=2021-12-25|archive-date=2020-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223040606/http://www.dorsten.de/Unsere_Stadt/Stadtinformationen/Partnerschaften/Partnerstaedte.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Hod Hasharon}}
*[http://www.hod-hasharon.muni.il Official municipal website] {{in lang|he}}
*[http://noar.multinet.co.il Official Youth Council website] {{in lang|he}}

{{Center District (Israel)}}
{{Largest Israeli cities}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hod Hasharon}}
[[Category:Hod HaSharon| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Central District (Israel)]]
[[Category:Cities in Israel]]
[[Category:Sharon plain]]

Latest revision as of 13:09, 11 December 2024

Not to be confused with Ramat HaSharon.
Hod-HaSharon
הוד־השרון
City (since 1990)
Hebrew transcription(s)
 • ISO 259Hod ha-Šaron
 • TransliterationHod Ha'Sharon
 • TransliterationHod HaSharon
Official logo of Hod-HaSharon
Hod-HaSharon is located in Central Israel
Hod-HaSharon
Hod-HaSharon
Hod-HaSharon is located in Israel
Hod-HaSharon
Hod-HaSharon
Coordinates: 32°09′N 34°53′E / 32.150°N 34.883°E / 32.150; 34.883
Country Israel
DistrictCentral
Founded1964
Government
 • MayorAmir Kochavi
Area
 • Total
19,236 dunams (19.236 km2 or 7.427 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[1]
 • Total
65,614
 • Density3,400/km2 (8,800/sq mi)
Ethnicity
[1]
 • Jews and others99.9%
 • Arabs0.1%
Name meaningSplendor of the Sharon [region]
Websitehttp://www.hod-hasharon.muni.il/

Hod HaSharon (Hebrew: הוד־השרון, lit. 'Splendor of the Sharon [region]')[2] is a city in the Central District of Israel. The city is located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the Mediterranean coastline, south of Kfar Saba, southeast of Ra'anana, and northeast of Ramat HaSharon. In 2022 Hod-HaSharon had a population of 65,614[1] and its citizens are nearly entirely Jewish.[1][2]

Hod HaSharon was officially formed and made a local council in 1964 by the merging of four moshavot: Magdiel, Ramatayim, Hadar, and Ramat Hadar.[3] The land area of Hod HaSharon is 19.2 square kilometres (7.4 sq mi),[4] and according to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), in 2022 the city had a population of 65,614.[1]

History

[edit]
Four Seasons Park
Magdiel garden

Hod HaSharon is home to Tel Qana, an archeological site inhabited in the Early, Middle, and Late Bronze Ages, Iron Age I–II, and the Persian, Roman, and Byzantine periods.[5]

A 1,300-year-old olive oil factory, of mason-worked blocks, was unearthed in Hod HaSharon. According to the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA), the size of the press suggested it was meant for commercial production, rather than local or personal use."[6]

Before the 20th century, the area of Hod HaSharon formed part of the Forest of Sharon, a hallmark of the region's historical landscape; the landscape was an open woodland, dominated by sections of Mount Tabor oak (Quercus ithaburensis), extending from Kfar Yona in the north to Ra'anana in the south. Traditionally, the local Arab inhabitants used the area for pasture, firewood and intermittent cultivation. The intensification of settlement and agriculture on the coastal plain during the 19th century led to deforestation and subsequent environmental degradation, known from Hebrew sources.[7]

In 1964, Hod HaSharon was created through a merger of Magdiel with Hadar Ramatayim, an administrative body which encompassed the former moshavot of Ramatayim, Hadar and Ramat Hadar.[8] Hod Hasharon was governed by a local council until it was declared a city in April 1990.[9]

Magdiel

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Magdiel was founded on 2 August 1924, by a group of twelve Ashkenazi families. They received a plot of land from Yehoshua Hankin, which they cultivated and prepared for farming.[9] Magdiel was established as a moshava, starting on 4,000 dunams of land purchased near the Arab village of Biyar 'Adas. The initial population included Jewish immigrants from Russia, Poland and Lithuania, later joined by a group from the Netherlands.[10]

Ramatayim

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Atidim park

Ramatayim was founded in July 1925 by immigrants from Poland.[3] It was founded on the principle of private initiative. Ramatayim was built on two hills connected by a valley, hence the name Ramatayim, literally 'two hills'.[9] According to a census conducted in 1931 by the British Mandate authorities, Ramatayim had a population of 180, in 31 houses.[11] In 1949, Ramatayim became the first local council to be established in Israel.[8]

Hadar

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Hadar was established in 1927 by Yael Leah Eichhorn, a middle-class immigrant from Eastern Europe, who was joined soon thereafter by a group of Italian Jews.[3] The land was purchased from the Abou Kishk Bedouin tribe. The pioneers decided to build a rural settlement founded on citrus farming (hence the village's name, "Hadar", Hebrew for "citrus"). In its early years, the farmers of Hadar also engaged in poultry farming. According to the 1931 census, Hadar had 71 inhabitants, all Jews, in 23 houses.[11] In the early 1940s, Yemenite immigrants moved to Hadar, establishing the Shikun Hateymanim quarter, today part of the Gannei Tzvi neighborhood.[9] In 1951, Ramatayim and Hadar merged to form Hadar Ramatayim.[3] In April 1956, the boundaries of Hadar Ramatayim were extended to include the ma'abara of Ganei Tzvi, established in the end of 1948 Arab–Israeli War as Kfar Nitzahon, and renamed earlier in 1956 after Lord Harry (Tzvi) Morris of Kenwood, a major donor of the Jewish National Fund.[12][13]

Ramat Hadar

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Ramat Hadar was established in December 1938 by middle-class immigrants fleeing from Nazi Germany, members of the Fifth Aliyah.[3] Ramat Hadar was built on a hill south of Hadar, near the main road from Petah Tikva to Ramatayim (nowadays road 402). The economy of Ramat Hadar was based on small farms, mainly poultry,[9] as well as citrus orchards. Ramat Hadar had its own post office from 1959 til 1989. In 1963, Ramat Hadar became part of Hadar Ramatayim.[8]

  • Ramatayim 1942 1:20,000
    Ramatayim 1942 1:20,000
  • Hadar 1942 1:20,000
    Hadar 1942 1:20,000
  • Ramatayim 1945
    Ramatayim 1945
  • Hadar 1945 1:250,000
    Hadar 1945 1:250,000

Demographics

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In 2006, the ethnic makeup of the city was 99.9% Jewish, with no significant Arab population. The population density of Hod HaSharon is the lowest in the Sharon Plain.[9] The population growth rate in 2006 was 3.3%.[4] According to the CBS, as of 2005, there were 18,612 salaried workers and 2,006 are self-employed in the city.[4]

Schools and religious institutions

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Magdiel Great synagogue
Sharonim mall

According to the CBS, there are 18 schools and 8,083 students in the city: 12 elementary schools: The Democratic School, HaMagen, Yigal Alon, Lapid, Shilo, Mamlachti Alef, Neve Ne'eman, Rabin, Re'ut, Tali, Ha'Yarok in the name of Ariel Sharon, and Begin (4,406 students). 4 middle schools: HaRishonim, HaShachar, Atidim and Tzurim (1,628 students). A fifth middle school, HaShkimim opened in 2018. 5 high schools: Hadarim, Alexander Muss High School in Israel, Ramon, Mosenson and Na'amat (2,049 students). A sixth high school named HaShikmim was opened in 2021. 71.7% of the city's 12th graders were entitled to a matriculation certificate in 2001.[4]

Mosenson Youth Village accepts both Israelis and overseas students.[14] The Alexander Muss High School in Israel, run by the Jewish National Fund (JNF), offers a program for American high school students who spend two months to a year in Israel. Each year, the senior class of the Charles E Smith Jewish Day School (located in Rockville, Maryland a suburb of Washington DC) come to The Alexander Muss High School in Israel for the second semester and approximately half of the tenth grade class from the Milken Community High School in Los Angeles, CA, come to Hod Hasharon to study for a semester along with this program.

Transport

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Hod HaSharon is roughly bounded by Highway 531 in the north, Highway 40 in the east, Highway 5 in the south and Highway 4 in the west. Road 402 runs through the city. The city is served by two railway stations, Hod HaSharon Sokolov and Kfar Sava Nordau at its north border, right next to Highway 531. Line M1 of the Tel Aviv Metro, that is expected to be built in the 2030-s, is expected to pass through Western Hod HaSharon.

Hod Hasharon Park

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Hod Hasharon Park is a park in southern Hod Hasharon. The park contains a hill, which was formerly used as the municipal landfill of Hod Hasharon, and is now used as a hiking and observation area of the park. From the top of the hill, one can see Hod Hasharon, the settlements of the Drom HaSharon Regional Council, Tel Aviv, Herzliya and Samaria.

Near the hill, the largest ecological lake in Israel was established, with an area of around 27,000m2. Near the lake, there is a variety of waterfowl, herons, geese, ducks and songbirds. In the water. African softshell turtles, nutria and fish of various types have been observed.

  • The ecological lake
    The ecological lake
  • Sustainability hill
    Sustainability hill

Notable people

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Supermodel Bar Refaeli grew up in Hod-HaSharon

Twin towns – sister cities

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel

Hod HaSharon is twinned with:

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  2. ^ a b "קובץ הרשויות המקומיות בישראל - 2018". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e Encyclopedia Judaica, Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1972, Vol. 8, p. 802, "Hod Ha-Sharon"
  4. ^ a b c d "Local Authorities in Israel 2011, Publication #1315 – Municipality Profiles – Hod HaSharon" (PDF) (in Hebrew). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2014.
  5. ^ "Tel Qana – Biblical Archaeology – Maps and Findings". Retrieved 24 April 2024.
  6. ^ "1,300 Year-Old Olive Oil Factory Excavated in Israel". Olive Oil Times. 2012. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.- Retrieved 2018-07-14
  7. ^ Marom, Roy (1 December 2022). "יער השרון (אל-ע'אבה) בתקופה העות'מאנית: בתקופה מהמחקר חדשות תובנות הגיאוגרפי-היסטורי The Oak Forest of the Sharon (al-Ghaba) in the Ottoman Period: New Insights from Historical- Geographical Studies". Muse. 5: 90–107. Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  8. ^ a b c אבי-הר שגיא, ed. (1990). האנציקלופדיה לשלטון המקומי בישראל. Vol. מועצות מקומיות א'. Beersheba: הר-שגיא.
  9. ^ a b c d e f "Identity Card". Archived from the original on 7 February 2009. Retrieved 7 April 2008.
  10. ^ Encyclopedia Judaica, Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1972, Vol. 8, p. 802, "Hod Ha-Sharon"
  11. ^ a b Mills, 1932, p. 15
  12. ^ "⁨כפר _הנצחון ייקרא "גני צבי" ⁩ | ⁨דבר⁩ | 31 ינואר 1956 | אוסף העיתונות | הספרייה הלאומית". Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
  13. ^ "⁨גני צב* _עצלותי הרי (צבי) מוריכו ⁩ | ⁨דבר⁩ | 18 אפריל 1956 | אוסף העיתונות | הספרייה הלאומית". Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
  14. ^ "Mosenson youth village". Archived from the original on 17 April 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
  15. ^ "Partnerstädte und Partnerschaften" (in German). Dorsten. Archived from the original on 23 February 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
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