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Coordinates: 44°09′33″N 88°17′22″W / 44.15917°N 88.28944°W / 44.15917; -88.28944
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{{Short description|State Park in Calumet County, Wisconsin}}
{{Infobox nrhp
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
| name = High Cliff Mounds
{{Infobox protected area
| nrhp_type =
| name = High Cliff State Park
| image = ConicalMoundHighCliffStateParkWisconsin.jpg
| iucn_category =
| caption = [[Cone (geometry)|Conical]] [[effigy mound]]
| iucn_ref =
| location = [[Calumet County, Wisconsin|Calumet County]], [[Wisconsin|Wisconsin, USA]]
<!-- images -->
| nearest_city = [[Sherwood, Wisconsin|Sherwood]]
| photo = ConicalMoundHighCliffStateParkWisconsin.jpg
| lat_degrees = 44
| photo_caption = [[Cone (geometry)|Conical]] [[effigy mound]]
| lat_minutes = 09
<!-- map -->
| lat_seconds = 33
| map = USA Wisconsin#USA
| lat_direction =N
| map_image =
| long_degrees = 88
| map_size =
| long_minutes = 17
| map_caption = Location of High Cliff State Park in Wisconsin
| long_seconds = 22
| relief = 1
| long_direction = W
<!-- location -->
| area =
| location = [[Calumet County, Wisconsin|Calumet]], [[Wisconsin]], [[United States]]
| built = 500 - 1500 [[A.D.]]
| nearest_city = [[Appleton, Wisconsin|Appleton]]
| architect =
| nearest_town = [[Sherwood, Wisconsin|Sherwood]]
| architecture =
| coordinates = {{coord|44|09|33|N|88|17|22|W|display=inline,title}}
| added = January 25, 1997<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2008a}}</ref>
| coords_ref =
| visitation_num =
<!-- stats -->
| visitation_year =
| length =
| refnum = 96001629
| mpsub =
| length_mi =
| length_km =
| governing_body = State
| width =
| width_mi =
| width_km =
| area_acre = 1187
| area_ref =
| elevation =
| elevation_avg =
| elevation_min =
| elevation_max =
| dimensions =
| designation =
<!-- dates & info -->
| authorized =
| created =
| designated =
| established = 1956
| named_for =
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| visitation_ref =
| governing_body = [[Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources]]
| administrator =
| operator =
| owner =
<!-- website, embedded -->
| website = [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/parks/name/highcliff/ High Cliff State Park]
| embedded =
}}
}}
{{Infobox NRHP
'''High Cliff State Park''' is a {{convert|1187|acre|ha|sing=on}} [[Wisconsin]] [[list of Wisconsin state parks|state park]] near [[Sherwood, Wisconsin]]. It is the only state-owned recreation area located on [[Lake Winnebago]].<ref name="official">[http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/land/parks/specific/highcliff/ High Cliff State Park] official website, Retrieved August 9, 2007</ref> The park was established in 1956.
| name = High Cliff Mounds
| nrhp_type =
| image =
| caption =
| location = [[Calumet County, Wisconsin|Calumet County]], [[Wisconsin|Wisconsin, USA]]
| nearest_city = [[Sherwood, Wisconsin|Sherwood]]
| area =
| built = 500–1500 AD
| architect =
| architecture =
| added = January 25, 1997<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2008a}}</ref>
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| refnum = 96001629
| mpsub =
}}
'''High Cliff State Park''' is a {{convert|1187|acre|ha|adj=on}} [[Wisconsin]] [[list of Wisconsin state parks|state park]] near [[Sherwood, Wisconsin]]. It is the only state-owned recreation area located on [[Lake Winnebago]].<ref name=dnr>{{cite web|url=http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/parks/name/highcliff/ |title=High Cliff State Park |publisher=Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources |date=July 19, 2013 |access-date=September 2, 2013}}</ref> The park got its name from cliffs of the [[Niagara Escarpment]], a land formation east of the shore of Lake Winnebago that stretches north through northeast Wisconsin, [[Upper Peninsula of Michigan|Upper Michigan]], and [[Ontario]] to [[Niagara Falls]] and [[New York State]].<ref name=dnr/>

A new Master Plan for the park created in 2013 aims to nearly double the size of the park, to add new amenities, and expand conservation efforts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dnr.wi.gov/files/PDF/pubs/pr/High_Cliff_State_Park_MP_Final_Web.pdf|title=High Cliff State Park 2013 Master Plan|last=Wisconsin DNR}}</ref>


==Activities and amenities==
==Niagara Escarpment==
* Trails: Hiking trails include the {{convert|.6|mi|adj=on}} limestone-surfaced Indian Mound Trail. The north shoreline of Lake Winnebago can be seen from a {{convert|40|ft|m|adj=mid|-tall}} observation tower at the top of the escarpment. Various trails are available for biking, horseback riding, cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, and snowmobiling.<ref name=acts>{{cite web|url=http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/parks/name/highcliff/todo.html |title=High Cliff State Park: Activities and recreation |publisher=Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources |date=July 19, 2013 |access-date=September 2, 2013}}</ref>
The park got its name from cliffs of the [[Niagara Escarpment]], a land formation east of the shore of Lake Winnebago. The formation stretches north through northeast Wisconsin, [[Upper Michigan]], [[Ontario]], to [[Niagara Falls]].<ref name="official" /> The north shoreline of Lake Winnebago is visible from a {{convert|40|ft|m|adj=mid|-tall}} observation tower at the top of the escarpment.<ref name="official" />
The park currently features a picnic area, a boat launch, and a beach. Activities include camping, hiking, horse riding, skiing, and picnicing.<ref name="official" />
* The park also offers camping, picnicking, boating, swimming, fishing, and hunting.<ref name=acts/>
* A statue of [[Red Bird]], the Winnebago ([[Ho-Chunk]]) leader, overlooks the northeast end of Lake Winnebago.<ref>[http://www.waymarking.com/gallery/image.aspx?f=1&guid=d18c4e80-794d-40bf-8879-2c9a93357502&gid=3 Red Bird statue], [http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM8P07_Red_Bird_Chief_of_the_Winnebago other views]</ref>


==Effigy mounds==
==Effigy mounds==
The [[effigy mound]]s at the top of the escarpment have led to a small part of the park being added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]], listed as '''High Cliff Mounds'''.<ref name="nris"/> A trail meanders though six long-tailed mounds and several conical mounds.<ref name="Birmingham">{{cite book|last=Birmingham|first=Robert A.|coauthors=Eisenberg, Leslie E.|title=Indian Mounds of Wisconsin|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|date=2000|pages=page 194|isbn=0-299-16874-3| url=http://books.google.com/books?id=wPNA_SnfrZ0C&pg=PA194&lpg=PA194&dq=%22calumet+county+park%22+mounds&source=web&ots=4bSWUD-eyI&sig=CmupxWVtnnEcVzVcmwgItyF9-hA&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result |accessdate=2008-09-29}}</ref> The group originally consisted of a bird and a mound that was most likely a bear.<ref name="Birmingham" /> The mounds are consistent with other mound groups found at the peak of the Niagara Escarpment along the eastern shore of Lake Winnebago, including the [[Calumet County Park Group]].<ref name="Birmingham" />
The [[effigy mound]]s at the top of the escarpment have led to a small part of the park being added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]], listed as '''High Cliff Mounds'''.<ref name="nris"/> A trail meanders through six long-tailed mounds and several conical mounds.<ref name="Birmingham">{{cite book|last=Birmingham|first=Robert A.|author2=Eisenberg, Leslie E.|title=Indian Mounds of Wisconsin|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|date=2000|pages=[https://archive.org/details/indianmoundsofwi0000birm/page/194 194]|isbn=0-299-16874-3| url=https://archive.org/details/indianmoundsofwi0000birm |url-access=registration|quote=calumet county park mounds.|access-date=2008-09-29}}</ref> Out of the original 30 effigy mounds in High Cliff, only nine remain, among them a panther mound that reaches 285 feet in length, as well as mounds presenting a bird and one that was most likely a bear.<ref name="Birmingham" /><ref name="widnr">{{cite web |url=https://cf-store.widencdn.net/widnr/f/a/8/fa83d28b-47bf-4bea-9055-4360ad50e36f.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3D%22High-Cliff_Effigy-Mounds.pdf%22&response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&Expires=1646505928&Signature=AQymGVCfCzmZH89zNYVMqz9jtnz9YyYGo7SWD13HzYXJTYytUv5r7KJEVp9lHbxTu0itLc75xsnfMO3YBUUTdxWqAzZvdaOQmErwtdbnwi4TVTbzQrIR1CIIx78p6dbv4tryFQjBukkFF2zU4p7qqqMf0k3ddMndkn87qnlWwj8FhvEr-sDUdAz2aJrhJuypDpntxZfrxIBXBkl8EcyaWl9v0bLwnUAcQSAK8mAU9iFNyEalQKClbl33JwIMCp-acnXD2wWMEcfDqpzVQf9fCpOCs9PkmaVlUm10JwiIWLHdytKvvao3DELqcmt86cU3cwRXnAKobbQNMBs0jiXQ9A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJD5XONOBVWWOA65A |format=PDF |title=High Cliff Effigy Mounds |publisher=Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources |access-date=2022-03-05 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220305174525/https://cf-store.widencdn.net/widnr/f/a/8/fa83d28b-47bf-4bea-9055-4360ad50e36f.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3D%22High-Cliff_Effigy-Mounds.pdf%22&response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&Expires=1646505928&Signature=AQymGVCfCzmZH89zNYVMqz9jtnz9YyYGo7SWD13HzYXJTYytUv5r7KJEVp9lHbxTu0itLc75xsnfMO3YBUUTdxWqAzZvdaOQmErwtdbnwi4TVTbzQrIR1CIIx78p6dbv4tryFQjBukkFF2zU4p7qqqMf0k3ddMndkn87qnlWwj8FhvEr-sDUdAz2aJrhJuypDpntxZfrxIBXBkl8EcyaWl9v0bLwnUAcQSAK8mAU9iFNyEalQKClbl33JwIMCp-acnXD2wWMEcfDqpzVQf9fCpOCs9PkmaVlUm10JwiIWLHdytKvvao3DELqcmt86cU3cwRXnAKobbQNMBs0jiXQ9A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJD5XONOBVWWOA65A |archive-date=March 5, 2022 |url-status=dead }}{{cbignore}}</ref> The mounds are consistent with other mound groups found at the peak of the Niagara Escarpment along the eastern shore of Lake Winnebago, including the [[Calumet County Park Group]].<ref name="Birmingham" />

==Images==
<Gallery>
File:HighCliffStateParkWisconsinSign.jpg|The welcome sign for High Cliff State Park in [[Sherwood, Wisconsin]], in 2007
File:LakeWinnebagoNorthHighCliffStateParkObservationTower.jpg|The north end of [[Lake Winnebago]] taken from the observation tower at High Cliff State Park in [[Sherwood, Wisconsin]]
File:SherwoodWisconsinSWFromEscarpment.jpg|Looking west at the southwest corner of [[Sherwood, Wisconsin]] and the north tip of [[Lake Winnebago]] taken from the observation tower at High Cliff State Park in [[Sherwood, Wisconsin]]
File:Wisconsin's High Cliff State Park (2008).jpg|View of Wisconsin's High Cliff State Park
File:HighCliffStateParkPostOffice.jpg|The general store and post office for High Cliff State Park near [[Sherwood, Wisconsin]]
File:High Cliff State Park The Ledge Cliff.JPG|View of the cliff faces
File:High Cliff State Park The Ledge Outcrop.JPG|View of the outcrop on top of the bluff
</Gallery>


==See also==
==See also==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/parks/name/highcliff/ High Cliff State Park]
* [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/parks/name/highcliff/ High Cliff State Park] Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090807051724/http://www.dnr.wi.gov/master_planning/completed_archive/parks_trails/high_cliff/high_cliff.pdf High Cliff State Park 1982 Master Plan]
* [http://dnr.wi.gov/files/PDF/pubs/pr/High_Cliff_State_Park_MP_Final_Web.pdf High Cliff State Park 2013 Master Plan]


{{Fox Cities, Wisconsin}}
{{-}}
{{Pre-Columbian North America}}
{{Pre-Columbian North America}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}
{{Protected Areas of Wisconsin}}
{{Protected areas of Wisconsin}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Mounds in the United States]]
[[Category:Mounds in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Native American history of Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Native American history of Wisconsin]]
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[[Category:Protected areas of Calumet County, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Protected areas of Calumet County, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1956]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1956]]
[[Category:Wisconsin state parks]]
[[Category:State parks of Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Nature centers in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Nature centers in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Calumet County, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:1956 establishments in Wisconsin]]

Latest revision as of 17:35, 11 December 2024

High Cliff State Park
Conical effigy mound
Map showing the location of High Cliff State Park
Map showing the location of High Cliff State Park
Location of High Cliff State Park in Wisconsin
Map showing the location of High Cliff State Park
Map showing the location of High Cliff State Park
High Cliff State Park (the United States)
LocationCalumet, Wisconsin, United States
Nearest cityAppleton
Coordinates44°09′33″N 88°17′22″W / 44.15917°N 88.28944°W / 44.15917; -88.28944
Area1,187 acres (4.80 km2)
Established1956
Governing bodyWisconsin Department of Natural Resources
WebsiteHigh Cliff State Park
High Cliff Mounds
LocationCalumet County, Wisconsin, USA
Nearest citySherwood
Built500–1500 AD
NRHP reference No.96001629
Added to NRHPJanuary 25, 1997[1]

High Cliff State Park is a 1,187-acre (480 ha) Wisconsin state park near Sherwood, Wisconsin. It is the only state-owned recreation area located on Lake Winnebago.[2] The park got its name from cliffs of the Niagara Escarpment, a land formation east of the shore of Lake Winnebago that stretches north through northeast Wisconsin, Upper Michigan, and Ontario to Niagara Falls and New York State.[2]

A new Master Plan for the park created in 2013 aims to nearly double the size of the park, to add new amenities, and expand conservation efforts.[3]

Activities and amenities

[edit]
  • Trails: Hiking trails include the .6-mile (0.97 km) limestone-surfaced Indian Mound Trail. The north shoreline of Lake Winnebago can be seen from a 40-foot-tall (12 m) observation tower at the top of the escarpment. Various trails are available for biking, horseback riding, cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, and snowmobiling.[4]
  • The park also offers camping, picnicking, boating, swimming, fishing, and hunting.[4]
  • A statue of Red Bird, the Winnebago (Ho-Chunk) leader, overlooks the northeast end of Lake Winnebago.[5]

Effigy mounds

[edit]

The effigy mounds at the top of the escarpment have led to a small part of the park being added to the National Register of Historic Places, listed as High Cliff Mounds.[1] A trail meanders through six long-tailed mounds and several conical mounds.[6] Out of the original 30 effigy mounds in High Cliff, only nine remain, among them a panther mound that reaches 285 feet in length, as well as mounds presenting a bird and one that was most likely a bear.[6][7] The mounds are consistent with other mound groups found at the peak of the Niagara Escarpment along the eastern shore of Lake Winnebago, including the Calumet County Park Group.[6]

Images

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
  2. ^ a b "High Cliff State Park". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. July 19, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2013.
  3. ^ Wisconsin DNR. "High Cliff State Park 2013 Master Plan" (PDF).
  4. ^ a b "High Cliff State Park: Activities and recreation". Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. July 19, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2013.
  5. ^ Red Bird statue, other views
  6. ^ a b c Birmingham, Robert A.; Eisenberg, Leslie E. (2000). Indian Mounds of Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 194. ISBN 0-299-16874-3. Retrieved September 29, 2008. calumet county park mounds.
  7. ^ "High Cliff Effigy Mounds" (PDF). Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 5, 2022. Retrieved March 5, 2022.
[edit]
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