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'''''Leptarma biju''''', commonly known as the '''tree-spider crab''', is a species of [[crab]] [[Endemism|endemic]] to the [[mangrove]]s in [[Kerala, India]]. It is named for its unique root-climbing behavior. It has a pink, purplish, and reddish exterior.
'''''Leptarma biju''''', commonly known as a tree-spider crab, is a species of crab endemic to the mangroves in [[Kerala, India]], and is noted for its unique root climbing behavior for which it gets its namesake. A member of the ''Leptarma'' genus, the crustaceans' defining physical traits include a square-like body (or carapace) with yellow and purple splotches, long walking legs with hook-like appendages for climbing, and the unique structure of their gonopods.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://india.mongabay.com/2020/12/new-tree-spider-crab-species-with-purple-patches-described-from-keralas-mangroves/|title=New tree-spider crab species with purple patches described from Kerala’s mangroves|date=December 21, 2020|website=Mongabay-India}}</ref> Additionally, they have large eyes that are positioned beyond their external orbital teeth, which allows them to get a better view of their surroundings.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.futurity.org/tree-spider-crab-leptarma-biju-2450892-2/|title=New crab species is a purple tree-climber|date=October 7, 2020}}</ref> They are presumed to behave nocturnally and climb the roots of mangrove trees at low tides. Their purple and yellow coloration is thought to be an evolutionary form of camouflage that hides the crabs from their predators. This is the first species of ''Leptarma'' that has been identified in India.


== Description ==
''Leptarma biju'' was discovered in Kerala, India at the mouth of the [[Chittari River]] by researchers at the [[University of Kerala]] in 2020. Investigators came across a few specimens of the new species climbing granite pylons under a bridge near a large patch of mangroves and collected them for further analysis.<ref>{{cite web |title=New species of tree-spider crab found in Kerala |url=https://www.science.nus.edu.sg/blog/2020/09/30/new-species-of-tree-spider-crab-found-in-kerala/ |website=www.science.nus.edu.sg |access-date=16 November 2021 |date=30 September 2020}}</ref> Some hypothesize that these crustaceans have successfully evaded discovery for so long due to their small size, nocturnal behavior, and camouflage coloration. Additionally, researchers have noted the many challenges and dangers that make exploring mangrove ecosystems at night difficult.<ref name="auto"/> ''Leptarma biju'' received its scientific name in honor of the Head of the Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries at the University of Kerala, Dr. Appukuttannair Biju Kumar, who is credited with the discovery.
''L. biju'' has a square-shaped [[carapace]] with yellow and purple patches, long walking legs with hook-like [[appendage]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://india.mongabay.com/2020/12/new-tree-spider-crab-species-with-purple-patches-described-from-keralas-mangroves/|title=New tree-spider crab species with purple patches described from Kerala’s mangroves|date=December 21, 2020|website=Mongabay-India}}</ref> Additionally, it has large eyes that are positioned beyond its external orbital teeth, which allows it to get a better view of its surroundings.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.futurity.org/tree-spider-crab-leptarma-biju-2450892-2/|title=New crab species is a purple tree-climber|date=October 7, 2020}}</ref> It is [[Nocturnality|nocturnal]] and climbs the roots of [[Mangrove|mangrove trees]] at [[low tide]]. Its purple, brick-red, and yellow coloration is thought to be an evolutionary form of [[camouflage]] that hides the crab from its [[Predation|predators]]. It is the first species of ''Leptarma'' that has been identified in [[India]].{{Cn|date=December 2024}}

== Taxonomy ==
''L. biju'' was discovered in [[Kerala|Kerala, India]] at the mouth of the [[Chittari River]] by [[Carcinology|carcinologists]] Dr. Suvarna S. Devi, from the Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries at the [[University of Kerala]], and Professor Peter Ng, head of [[Lee_Kong_Chian_Natural_History_Museum|Lee Kong Chian National History Museum]] of [[Singapore]] in 2020. Investigators came across a few specimens of the species, climbing granite pylons under a bridge near a large patch of [[mangrove]]s, and collected them for further analysis.<ref>{{cite web |title=New species of tree-spider crab found in Kerala |url=https://www.science.nus.edu.sg/blog/2020/09/30/new-species-of-tree-spider-crab-found-in-kerala/ |website=www.science.nus.edu.sg |access-date=16 November 2021 |date=30 September 2020}}</ref> Some hypothesize that this [[crustacean]] has successfully evaded discovery for so long due to its small size, nocturnal behavior, and [[camouflage]] coloration. Additionally, researchers have noted the many challenges and dangers that make exploring mangrove ecosystems at night difficult.<ref name="auto"/> ''L. biju'' received its scientific name in honor of the head of the Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries at the [[University of Kerala]], Dr. Appukuttannair Biju Kumar, who is credited with the discovery.


== References ==
== References ==
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q109609567}}


[[Category:Fauna of India]]
[[Category:Grapsoidea]]
[[Category:Grapsoidea]]
[[Category:Crustaceans of India]]
[[Category:Crustaceans described in 2020]]




{{Crab-stub}}
{{Eubrachyura-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:10, 11 December 2024

Leptarma biju
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Infraorder: Brachyura
Family: Sesarmidae
Genus: Leptarma
Species:
L. biju
Binomial name
Leptarma biju
Ng & Devi, 2020

Leptarma biju, commonly known as the tree-spider crab, is a species of crab endemic to the mangroves in Kerala, India. It is named for its unique root-climbing behavior. It has a pink, purplish, and reddish exterior.

Description

[edit]

L. biju has a square-shaped carapace with yellow and purple patches, long walking legs with hook-like appendages.[1] Additionally, it has large eyes that are positioned beyond its external orbital teeth, which allows it to get a better view of its surroundings.[2] It is nocturnal and climbs the roots of mangrove trees at low tide. Its purple, brick-red, and yellow coloration is thought to be an evolutionary form of camouflage that hides the crab from its predators. It is the first species of Leptarma that has been identified in India.[citation needed]

Taxonomy

[edit]

L. biju was discovered in Kerala, India at the mouth of the Chittari River by carcinologists Dr. Suvarna S. Devi, from the Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries at the University of Kerala, and Professor Peter Ng, head of Lee Kong Chian National History Museum of Singapore in 2020. Investigators came across a few specimens of the species, climbing granite pylons under a bridge near a large patch of mangroves, and collected them for further analysis.[3] Some hypothesize that this crustacean has successfully evaded discovery for so long due to its small size, nocturnal behavior, and camouflage coloration. Additionally, researchers have noted the many challenges and dangers that make exploring mangrove ecosystems at night difficult.[2] L. biju received its scientific name in honor of the head of the Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries at the University of Kerala, Dr. Appukuttannair Biju Kumar, who is credited with the discovery.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "New tree-spider crab species with purple patches described from Kerala's mangroves". Mongabay-India. December 21, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "New crab species is a purple tree-climber". October 7, 2020.
  3. ^ "New species of tree-spider crab found in Kerala". www.science.nus.edu.sg. 30 September 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2021.