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{{Short description|Algerian militant Islamist organization}}
{{Short description|Algerian militant Islamist organization}}
{{infobox war faction
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The '''Islamic Front for Armed Jihad''' ([[French language|French name]], ''Front Islamique du Djihad Armé'', hence the abbreviation '''FIDA''') was a militant [[Islamist]] organization active during the [[Algerian Civil War]]. It was founded in 1993{{efn|{{harvnb|Zoubir|2019}} gives a year of 1992. Others including {{harvnb|Botha|2008}} and {{harvnb|Jules|2023}} give it as 1993}} when it split from the [[Armed Islamic Group of Algeria]] (GIA), under the leadership of [[Muhammad Said (GIA)|Muhammad Said]].<ref name="Zoubir2019">{{cite journal |last1=Zoubir |first1=Yahia H. |title=Civil Strife, Politics, and Religion in Algeria |journal=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics |date=25 February 2019 |doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.806}}</ref><ref name="Botha2008">{{cite book |last1=Botha |first1=Anneli |title=Terrorism in the Maghreb: The transnationalisation of domestic terrorism |date=June 2008 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273126186_Terrorism_in_the_Maghreb_The_transnationalisation_of_domestic_terrorism |publisher=Institute for Security Studies|isbn=1920114327|edition=144|page=37}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Jules |first1=Tavis D. |editor1-last=Romaniuk |editor1-first=Scott N. |editor2-last=Catino |editor2-first=Martin Scott |editor3-last=Augustus Martin |editor3-first=C. |title=The Handbook of Homeland Security |date=2023 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781315144511 |page=318 |edition=1st |chapter=46. Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)}}</ref> Coming from the [[Djaz'ara]] (Algerianist) wing,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hafez |first1=Mohammed M. |author1-link=Mohammed Hafez (academic) |title=Fratricidal Rebels: Ideological Extremity and Warring Factionalism in Civil Wars |journal=Terrorism and Political Violence |date=2 April 2020 |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=604–629 |doi=10.1080/09546553.2017.1389726}}</ref> it called for the violent overthrow of the secular [[Algeria]]n government, and a system of [[government]] based on [[shari'a]] law.{{cn}}
| name = Islamic Front for Armed Jihad
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| war =
| image =
| caption =
| active = 1993-July 21, 1996
| split_from = [[Armed Islamic Group of Algeria]]
| ideology = [[Islamism]]<br>[[Algerian nationalism]]
| leaders = Muhammad Said
| merged_into = Islamic Movement for Preaching and Jihad
| clans =
| headquarters =
| area =
| size =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| allies = Movement for an Islamic State
| opponents = {{flagicon|Algeria}} [[Algeria|Algerian government]]
| battles = [[Algerian Civil War]]
| url =
}}
⚫
The '''Islamic Front for Armed Jihad''' ([[French language|French name]], ''Front Islamique du Djihad Armé'', hence the abbreviation '''FIDA''') was a militant [[Islamist]] organization active during the [[Algerian Civil War]]. It was founded in 1993{{efn|{{harvnb|Zoubir|2019}} gives a year of 1992. Others including {{harvnb|Botha|2008}} and {{harvnb|Jules|2023}} give it as 1993}} when it split from the [[Armed Islamic Group of Algeria]] (GIA), under the leadership of [[Muhammad Said (GIA)|Muhammad Said]].<ref name="Zoubir2019">{{cite journal |last1=Zoubir |first1=Yahia H. |title=Civil Strife, Politics, and Religion in Algeria |journal=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics |date=25 February 2019 |doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.806}}</ref><ref name="Botha2008">{{cite book |last1=Botha |first1=Anneli |title=Terrorism in the Maghreb: The transnationalisation of domestic terrorism |date=June 2008 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273126186_Terrorism_in_the_Maghreb_The_transnationalisation_of_domestic_terrorism |publisher=Institute for Security Studies|isbn=1920114327|edition=144|page=37}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Jules |first1=Tavis D. |editor1-last=Romaniuk |editor1-first=Scott N. |editor2-last=Catino |editor2-first=Martin Scott |editor3-last=Augustus Martin |editor3-first=C. |title=The Handbook of Homeland Security |date=2023 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781315144511 |page=318 |edition=1st |chapter=46. Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)}}</ref> Coming from the [[Djaz'ara]] (Algerianist) wing,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hafez |first1=Mohammed M. |author1-link=Mohammed Hafez (academic) |title=Fratricidal Rebels: Ideological Extremity and Warring Factionalism in Civil Wars |journal=Terrorism and Political Violence |date=2 April 2020 |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=604–629 |doi=10.1080/09546553.2017.1389726|hdl=10945/56404 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> it called for the violent overthrow of the secular [[Algeria]]n government, and a system of [[government]] based on [[shari'a]] law.


It became notorious for its [[Anti-intellectualism|killings of intellectuals]], including politicians and journalists.<ref name="Zoubir2019" /><ref name="Botha2008" /> These included the killing of [[Kasdi Merbah]] and of the head of the [[UGTA]] union.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Layachi |first1=Azzedine |title=Political liberalisation and the islamist movement in algeria |journal=The Journal of North African Studies |date=January 2004 |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=46–67 |doi=10.1080/1362938042000323338}}</ref>
It became notorious for its [[Anti-intellectualism|killings of intellectuals]], including politicians and journalists.<ref name="Zoubir2019" /><ref name="Botha2008" /> These included the killing of [[Kasdi Merbah]] and of the head of the [[UGTA]] union.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Layachi |first1=Azzedine |title=Political liberalisation and the islamist movement in algeria |journal=The Journal of North African Studies |date=January 2004 |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=46–67 |doi=10.1080/1362938042000323338}}</ref>


On July 21, 1996, it merged under the auspices of [[Mustapha Kartali]] with the [[Movement for an Islamic State]] (MEI) and other splinter factions of the GIA to form the [[Islamic Movement for Preaching and Jihad]] (MIPD).{{cn}}
On July 21, 1996, it merged under the auspices of [[Mustapha Kartali]] with the [[Movement for an Islamic State]] (MEI) and other splinter factions of the GIA to form the [[Islamic Movement for Preaching and Jihad]] (MIPD).


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 03:49, 12 December 2024

Islamic Front for Armed Jihad
LeadersMuhammad Said
Dates of operation1993-July 21, 1996
Split fromArmed Islamic Group of Algeria
Merged intoIslamic Movement for Preaching and Jihad
IdeologyIslamism
Algerian nationalism
AlliesMovement for an Islamic State
OpponentsAlgeria Algerian government
Battles and warsAlgerian Civil War

The Islamic Front for Armed Jihad (French name, Front Islamique du Djihad Armé, hence the abbreviation FIDA) was a militant Islamist organization active during the Algerian Civil War. It was founded in 1993[a] when it split from the Armed Islamic Group of Algeria (GIA), under the leadership of Muhammad Said.[1][2][3] Coming from the Djaz'ara (Algerianist) wing,[4] it called for the violent overthrow of the secular Algerian government, and a system of government based on shari'a law.

It became notorious for its killings of intellectuals, including politicians and journalists.[1][2] These included the killing of Kasdi Merbah and of the head of the UGTA union.[5]

On July 21, 1996, it merged under the auspices of Mustapha Kartali with the Movement for an Islamic State (MEI) and other splinter factions of the GIA to form the Islamic Movement for Preaching and Jihad (MIPD).

References

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Notes

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  1. ^ Zoubir 2019 gives a year of 1992. Others including Botha 2008 and Jules 2023 give it as 1993

Citations

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  1. ^ a b Zoubir, Yahia H. (25 February 2019). "Civil Strife, Politics, and Religion in Algeria". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.806.
  2. ^ a b Botha, Anneli (June 2008). Terrorism in the Maghreb: The transnationalisation of domestic terrorism (144 ed.). Institute for Security Studies. p. 37. ISBN 1920114327.
  3. ^ Jules, Tavis D. (2023). "46. Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)". In Romaniuk, Scott N.; Catino, Martin Scott; Augustus Martin, C. (eds.). The Handbook of Homeland Security (1st ed.). CRC Press. p. 318. ISBN 9781315144511.
  4. ^ Hafez, Mohammed M. (2 April 2020). "Fratricidal Rebels: Ideological Extremity and Warring Factionalism in Civil Wars". Terrorism and Political Violence. 32 (3): 604–629. doi:10.1080/09546553.2017.1389726. hdl:10945/56404.
  5. ^ Layachi, Azzedine (January 2004). "Political liberalisation and the islamist movement in algeria". The Journal of North African Studies. 9 (2): 46–67. doi:10.1080/1362938042000323338.
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