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{{Short description|Type of sandwich}}
{{Short description|Type of sandwich}}
{{For|the dish often called a chicken sandwich in the United States|Chicken burger}}
{{Redirect|Chicken burger|the Halifax landmark|The Chickenburger}}
{{Infobox food
{{Infobox food
| name = Chicken sandwich
| name = Chicken Sandwich
| image = Chicken salad sandwich 01.jpg
| image = Chicken salad sandwich 01.jpg
| image_size = 240px
| image_size = 240px
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| country =
| country =
| course = Main course
| course = Main course
| served = Hot (or cold, as in submarine sandwiches)
| served = Hot (or cold, as in [[submarine sandwich]])
| main_ingredient = Chicken, bun
| main_ingredient = Chicken, bun
}}
}}
⚫
A '''chicken sandwich''' is a [[sandwich]] that typically consists of boneless, skinless [[Chicken as food|chicken]] breast or thigh, served between slices of bread. Variations on the "chicken sandwich" include '''chicken on a bun''', '''chicken on a Kaiser''', '''hot chicken''', or chicken salad sandwich.
⚫
[[File:Chicken sandwich.jpg|thumb|A [[chicken breast]] sandwich]]
⚫
A '''chicken sandwich''' is a [[sandwich]] that typically consists of boneless, skinless [[Chicken as food|chicken]] breast or thigh, served between slices of bread, on a [[bun]], or on a roll. Variations on the "chicken sandwich" include the '''chicken burger''', '''chicken on a bun''', '''chicken on a Kaiser''', '''hot chicken''', or [[chicken salad]] sandwich.

In American English, a ''sandwich'' is compiled of two pieces of bread with a filling, including rolls, buns, or even chocolate wafers as in ice-cream sandwiches; in British English (and also some other national English varieties, such as those of Canada, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand), the word ''sandwich'' is defined more narrowly, to require the pieces of bread to be sliced from a loaf, and a roll or bun with filling would not generally be called a ''sandwich''.<ref name="Murphy2018">{{Cite book|last=Murphy|first=Lynne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uh69DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT209|title=The Prodigal Tongue: The Love–Hate Relationship Between British and American English|date=2018-03-29|publisher=Oneworld Publications|year=2018|isbn=978-1-78607-270-2|pages=211|language=en|quote=...the British are so particular about sandwiches that they use the word ''less'' than Americans do. In Britain, a '''''sandwich''''' is some filing between two ''slices of bread''. Not a roll. Not a bagel. Not a baguette. Without sliced bread, it's not a sandwich. The American ''sandwich'' prototype is very similar to the British: savoury filings within two slices of bread. But American sandwiches are sometimes allowed to wander further from the prototype, because they interpret the 'bread' requirement more loosely. An American sandwich can be on a roll, on a bagel, on a bun, on a croissant, and at breakfast time, on an English muffin...}}</ref> A bun with a cooked chicken breast as filling would generally be called a ''chicken sandwich'' in the U.S., but in the UK and other [[English in the Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth or former colonial countries]], such a dish is not generally considered a ''sandwich'', and would generally be called a ''chicken burger'' instead; most North Americans would not consider such a dish to count as a ''burger'', since Americans generally consider a burger to require a patty made from ground/minced meat.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-30|title=14 Names Other Countries Have For Food That Will Confuse Every Aussie|url=https://punkee.com.au/australian-food-names-different-other-countries/127082|access-date=2022-02-09|website=Punkee|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Unilever">{{Cite web|title=Recipes for tasty, crunchy & saucy American style sandwiches|url=https://www.unileverfoodsolutions.com.au/chef-inspiration/trends-on-plate/americana/pick-it-up-and-shove-it-in.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209073308/https://www.unileverfoodsolutions.com.au/chef-inspiration/trends-on-plate/americana/pick-it-up-and-shove-it-in.html|archive-date=2022-02-09|access-date=2022-02-09|website=Unilever Food Solutions|language=en-AU|quote=Expect a blank look if you’re in the States and ask for a chicken burger ‘cause they ain’t got a clue what the hell you’re talking about... It’s just what we call burgers, Americans call sandwiches...}}</ref>


==Composition==
==Composition==
⚫
[[File:Chicken sandwich.jpg|thumb|A [[chicken breast]] sandwich]]
In the United States, the chicken sandwich usually consists of a chicken filet or [[Chicken patty|patty]], toppings and bread. The chicken meat can be [[deep frying|deep fried]], [[Grilling|grilled]], [[roasting|roasted]] or [[boiling|boiled]], served hot or cold, and white or dark meat chicken can be used. Shredded chicken in one form or another, such as [[chicken salad]], can also be used in chicken sandwiches. Another form is made with cold cuts. [[Wrap (sandwich)|Wrap]] versions of the sandwich can also be made, in which the ingredients are rolled up inside a flatbread, such as a [[tortilla]]. [[Open sandwich|Open-faced]] versions of the chicken sandwich, which feature hot chicken served with gravy on top of bread, are also common variations.
In the United States, the chicken sandwich usually consists of a chicken filet or [[Chicken patty|patty]], toppings and bread. The chicken meat can be [[deep frying|deep fried]], [[Grilling|grilled]], [[roasting|roasted]] or [[boiling|boiled]], served hot or cold, and white or dark meat chicken can be used. Shredded chicken in one form or another, such as [[chicken salad]], can also be used in chicken sandwiches. Another form is made with cold cuts. [[Wrap (sandwich)|Wrap]] versions of the sandwich can also be made, in which the ingredients are rolled up inside a flatbread, such as a [[tortilla]]. [[Open sandwich|Open-faced]] versions of the chicken sandwich, which feature hot chicken served with gravy on top of bread, are also common variations.


==Varieties==
==Popularity==
[[File:Long Chicken au restaurant Quick à Coignières le 12 avril 2017 - 2.jpg|thumb|A fried chicken sandwich]]
===Chicken burger===
The ongoing competition for market share in the United States in [[fried chicken]] sandwiches has demonstrably impacted the [[Fast casual restaurant|fast casual]] and quick-service restaurant industry. This competition has coincided with a significant rise in the prevalence of fried chicken sandwiches on menus nationwide. As of 2024, 47% of restaurant menus feature fried chicken sandwiches, compared to 41% for [[Hamburger|burgers]]. This represents a 10% increase for chicken sandwiches from 2020 to 2021. While burgers may still hold the overall popularity edge, the increasing presence of fried chicken sandwiches on menus suggests a growing consumer demand.<ref>{{cite news |last=Shanker |first=Deena |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-07-01/mcdonald-s-wendy-s-amp-up-fried-chicken-sandwich-wars |title=The Fried Chicken Sandwich Wars Are More Cutthroat Than Ever Before |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=2024-07-01 |accessdate=2024-07-04 }}</ref>
[[File:Chicken_Burger_and_Bacon_in_Edinburgh.jpg|thumb|left|upright|A chicken burger with bacon in Scotland]]
Some establishments serving [[hamburger]]s also serve chicken sandwiches, giving customers an alternative to beef. Such a sandwich may also be called "chicken on a bun"<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9GZQAAAAYAAJ&q=sandwich,+%22chicken+on+a+bun%22 | title=Poultry and Egg Marketing | publisher=Poultry & Egg News, Incorporated | work=Volume 62 | date=1982 | access-date=June 4, 2016}} {{subscription required}}</ref> or "chicken burger" in many countries,<ref>{{cite book | last=Lluch | first=A.A. | title=The Complete Calorie Fat & Carb Counter | publisher=WS Publishing Group | year=2008 | isbn=978-1-934386-34-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fFfAI3XVIywC&pg=PA77 | access-date=June 4, 2016 | page=77}}</ref> and is served on a hamburger bun with similar condiments and toppings as found on hamburgers.<ref>{{cite book | last=Watson | first=S. | title=Fast Food | publisher=Rosen Publishing Group | series=What's in Your Food? Recipe for Disaster | year=2008 | isbn=978-1-4042-1416-3 | url=https://archive.org/details/fastfood0000wats | url-access=registration | access-date=June 4, 2016 | page=[https://archive.org/details/fastfood0000wats/page/19 19]}}</ref> While most chicken sandwiches in this context usually use fried or grilled chicken breasts, a chicken burger may also be made of a grilled or fried patty of ground chicken.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Larsen | first1=L. | last2=Harbin | first2=D. | title=Knack Grilling Basics: A Step-by-Step Guide to Delicious Recipes | publisher=Globe Pequot Press | series=Knack: Make It Easy | year=2009 | isbn=978-1-59921-761-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_RkliFS6rewC&pg=PA52 | access-date=June 4, 2016 | page=52}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

⚫
====History====
[[File:Fast Food Fried Chicken Sandwiches.jpg|thumb|right|Many North American fast food restaurant chains, such as [[Chick-fil-A]], [[KFC]], [[PDQ]], and [[Popeyes]], offer chicken sandwiches and burgers.]]
[[Chick-fil-A]] claims that it invented the fried chicken sandwich in the 1940s. This claim is unsubstantiated, although the Chick-fil-A southern-style chicken sandwich (served with pickles on a steamed roll), introduced on March 21, 1964, was most likely the first chicken sandwich introduced by an American fast food restaurant chain.<ref name=WSJ-Obit>{{cite news |last1=Calia |first1=Michael |last2=Jargon |first2=Julie |title=Chick-fil-A Founder, a Champion of Conservatism and Chicken, Dies at 93 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/chick-fil-a-founder-a-champion-of-conservatism-and-chicken-dies-at-93-1410172344 |access-date=September 8, 2014 |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=September 8, 2014 |type=Subscription required}}</ref> Other notable vendors of chicken sandwiches and burgers include [[KFC]] and [[Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen]]. Today, most major [[fast food]], [[fast casual]] and [[casual dining]] chains feature some variation of chicken sandwich, even at fast food restaurants where chicken is not a specialty.

{{Clear}}

===Chicken salad sandwich===
[[Chicken salad]] served between slices of bread is a chicken sandwich variation seen both in North America and elsewhere.


==Regional varieties==
==Regional varieties==
===Ireland===
===Ireland===
In Ireland, the popular [[chicken fillet roll]] is a [[baguette]] filled with a spicy or plain Southern-fried breaded chicken fillet and a mayonnaise and/or butter spread.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/chicken-fillet-roll/news/|title=Chicken Fillet Roll · TheJournal.ie|website=TheJournal.ie|language=en|access-date=October 23, 2017}}</ref>
In Ireland, the popular [[chicken fillet roll]] is a [[baguette]] filled with a spicy or plain Southern-fried breaded chicken fillet and a mayonnaise and/or butter spread.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/chicken-fillet-roll/news/|title=Chicken Fillet Roll · TheJournal.ie|website=TheJournal.ie|language=en|access-date=October 23, 2017}}</ref>

===Japan===
The [[Katsu-sando]] is a sandwich that consists of two slices of milk bread with a Japanese-style chicken cutlet in between.<ref>https://www.culinaryexploration.eu/blog/chicken-katsu-sando</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Inamine |first=Elyse |date=2018-08-16 |title=Katsu Sandos Are Everywhere, and We're Here For It |url=https://www.bonappetit.com/story/what-is-a-katsu-sando |access-date=2024-11-14 |website=Bon Appétit |language=en-US}}</ref>


==={{anchor|Hot chicken sandwich}} Canada===
==={{anchor|Hot chicken sandwich}} Canada===
[[File:HotChickenwFries.jpg|thumb|right|A Quebec-style "hot chicken", topped with green peas]]
[[File:HotChickenwFries.jpg|thumb|right|A Quebec-style "hot chicken", topped with green peas]]
{{for|Nashville hot chicken|Hot chicken}}
{{for|Nashville hot chicken|Hot chicken}}
The '''hot chicken sandwich''' or simply "hot chicken" (French: ''sandwich chaud au poulet'') is a chicken sandwich covered with [[gravy]] eaten with utensils. The sandwich is sometimes served with [[green peas]]. It is especially popular in [[Quebec]] and is often considered one of the province's staple dishes.<ref name="DM">{{citation|last1=McMillan|first1=David|title=The Art of Living According to Joe Beef: A Cookbook of Sorts|date=October 11, 2011|last2=Morin|last3=Erickson|first2=Frederic|first3=Meredith|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.}}</ref><ref name="Inc.2011">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XVcHOOIrpOQC&pg=PA16|title=Fodor's 2011 Montréal and Québec City|author=Fodor's Travel Publications, Inc.|publisher=Fodors Travel Publications|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4000-0510-9|page=16}}</ref> Since it is so commonly found in eateries of Quebec ([[St-Hubert|Rôtisserie St-Hubert]], [[Valentine (restaurant)|Valentine]], e.g.) and less seen outside the province, many [[Quebec|Québécois]] regard it as a part of [[Quebec cuisine]] and believe it to have originated in the province.<ref name="DM" /> This combination of chicken, gravy, and peas is known by its own term: ''galvaude'',<ref name="DM" /> seen in ''[[Poutine|poutine galvaude]]''.
The '''hot chicken sandwich''' or simply "hot chicken" is a chicken sandwich covered with [[gravy]] eaten with utensils. The sandwich is sometimes served with [[green peas]]. It is especially popular in [[Quebec]] and is often considered one of the province's staple dishes.<ref name="DM">{{citation|last1=McMillan|first1=David|title=The Art of Living According to Joe Beef: A Cookbook of Sorts|date=October 11, 2011|last2=Morin|last3=Erickson|first2=Frederic|first3=Meredith|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.}}</ref><ref name="Inc.2011">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XVcHOOIrpOQC&pg=PA16|title=Fodor's 2011 Montréal and Québec City|author=Fodor's Travel Publications, Inc.|publisher=Fodors Travel Publications|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4000-0510-9|page=16}}</ref> Since it is so commonly found in eateries of Quebec ([[St-Hubert|Rôtisserie St-Hubert]], [[Valentine (restaurant)|Valentine]], e.g.) and less seen outside the province, many [[Quebec|Québécois]] regard it as a part of [[Quebec cuisine]] and believe it to have originated in the province.<ref name="DM" /> This combination of chicken, gravy, and peas is known by its own term: ''galvaude'',<ref name="DM" /> seen in ''[[Poutine|poutine galvaude]]''.


The sandwich is also found in small diners in the [[Canadian Maritimes]]<ref>{{citation|last=Canton|first=Richard Todd|title=Food for Thought:A Working Man's Guide to Life|date=May 31, 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TRI5bFHqcmAC|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=9781475922301}}</ref> and throughout the [[Southeastern United States]].<ref>{{citation|last=Edelstein|first=Sari|title=Food, Cuisine, and Cultural Competency for Culinary, Hospitality, and Nutrition Professionals|date=October 22, 2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lj0CeaIIETkC|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|isbn=9780763759650}}</ref>
The sandwich is also found in small diners in the [[Canadian Maritimes]]<ref>{{citation|last=Canton|first=Richard Todd|title=Food for Thought:A Working Man's Guide to Life|date=May 31, 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TRI5bFHqcmAC|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=9781475922301}}</ref> and throughout the [[Southeastern United States]].<ref>{{citation|last=Edelstein|first=Sari|title=Food, Cuisine, and Cultural Competency for Culinary, Hospitality, and Nutrition Professionals|date=October 22, 2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lj0CeaIIETkC|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|isbn=9780763759650}}</ref>
Line 49: Line 38:


This style of sandwich often makes use of [[leftovers]] from a previous meal. Substituting [[Turkey as food|turkey]] for the chicken would make a ''hot turkey sandwich''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/open_faced_turkey_and_gravy_sandwich/|title=Hot Turkey Sandwich|last=Bauer|first=Elise|publisher=Simply Recipes}}</ref> and substituting [[roast beef]] makes a variety of the [[roast beef sandwich]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geniuskitchen.com/recipe/old-fashioned-hot-open-faced-roast-beef-sandwich-240607|title=Old-Fashioned Hot Open-Faced Roast Beef Sandwich|last=Mae|first=Stella|publisher=Genius Kitchen}}</ref>
This style of sandwich often makes use of [[leftovers]] from a previous meal. Substituting [[Turkey as food|turkey]] for the chicken would make a ''hot turkey sandwich''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/open_faced_turkey_and_gravy_sandwich/|title=Hot Turkey Sandwich|last=Bauer|first=Elise|publisher=Simply Recipes}}</ref> and substituting [[roast beef]] makes a variety of the [[roast beef sandwich]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geniuskitchen.com/recipe/old-fashioned-hot-open-faced-roast-beef-sandwich-240607|title=Old-Fashioned Hot Open-Faced Roast Beef Sandwich|last=Mae|first=Stella|publisher=Genius Kitchen}}</ref>

{{Clear}}


===Latin America===
===Latin America===
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The [[pepito (sandwich)|pepito]] is a sandwich that is prepared with chicken or beef, beans or [[refried beans]] and a roll or bun as primary ingredients. It is a common [[street food]] in Mexico and Venezuela.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Kraig | first1=B. | last2=Sen | first2=C.T. | title=Street Food Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture | publisher=ABC-CLIO | year=2013 | isbn=978-1-59884-955-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA391 | access-date=May 23, 2016 | page=391}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1=Santibanez | first1=R. | last2=Goode | first2=JJ | last3=Coleman | first3=T. | title=Tacos, Tortas, and Tamales: Flavors from the Griddles, Pots, and Streetside Kitchens of Mexico | publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt | year=2012 | isbn=978-0-544-18831-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U8Dl5c4uPDYC&pg=PA73 | access-date=May 24, 2016 | page=73}}</ref>
The [[pepito (sandwich)|pepito]] is a sandwich that is prepared with chicken or beef, beans or [[refried beans]] and a roll or bun as primary ingredients. It is a common [[street food]] in Mexico and Venezuela.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Kraig | first1=B. | last2=Sen | first2=C.T. | title=Street Food Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture | publisher=ABC-CLIO | year=2013 | isbn=978-1-59884-955-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA391 | access-date=May 23, 2016 | page=391}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1=Santibanez | first1=R. | last2=Goode | first2=JJ | last3=Coleman | first3=T. | title=Tacos, Tortas, and Tamales: Flavors from the Griddles, Pots, and Streetside Kitchens of Mexico | publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt | year=2012 | isbn=978-0-544-18831-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U8Dl5c4uPDYC&pg=PA73 | access-date=May 24, 2016 | page=73}}</ref>


===Midwestern United States===
===United States===

⚫
Found in [[Ohio]] is the ''shredded chicken sandwich''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cathy's Simple Chicken Sandwiches |work=Ohio Magazine |url=https://www.ohiomagazine.com/food-drink/recipes/Details/athy-s-simple-chicken-sandwiches/}}</ref> The sandwich is also referred to as a ''hot chicken sandwich'' in rural Ohio. The sandwich consists of shredded chicken, one or more types of condensed soup, seasoning and crushed [[cracker (food)|crackers]] to help thicken and bind the sauce. This dish can be heated on a stove top or [[slow cooker]]. Invented as a way to use leftover chicken, these sandwiches became popular for [[covered dish]] dinners, [[potluck]]s, church dinners and [[tailgate party|tailgate parties]]. They are also sold in small-town restaurants, drive-ins and bars.<ref>{{cite web |last=chilango |first=restaurant sf |author-link= |date= |year=2017 |title=Chicken Burger vs. Chicken Sandwich |url=https://www.chilangorestaurantsf.com/chicken-burger-vs-chicken-sandwich/ |archive-url= |access-date= |work=Chicken Burger vs. Chicken Sandwich: What’s the Difference?}}</ref> The sandwich can also be found at "Ohio" community dinners on the Gulf Coast of Florida held by retirees or [[snowbird (person)|snowbirds]] from Ohio.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}
⚫
====Ohio====
⚫
Found in [[Ohio]] is the ''shredded chicken sandwich''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cathy's Simple Chicken Sandwiches |work=Ohio Magazine |url=https://www.ohiomagazine.com/food-drink/recipes/Details/athy-s-simple-chicken-sandwiches/}}</ref> The sandwich is also referred to as a ''hot chicken sandwich'' in rural Ohio. The sandwich consists of shredded chicken, one or more types of condensed soup, seasoning and crushed [[cracker (food)|crackers]] to help thicken and bind the sauce. This dish can be heated on a stove top or [[slow cooker]]. Invented as a way to use leftover chicken, these sandwiches became popular for [[covered dish]] dinners, [[potluck]]s, church dinners and [[tailgate party|tailgate parties]]. They are also sold in small-town restaurants, drive-ins and bars.<ref>{{cite web |last=chilango |first=restaurant sf |author-link= |year=2017 |title=Chicken Burger vs. Chicken Sandwich |url=https://www.chilangorestaurantsf.com/chicken-burger-vs-chicken-sandwich/ |archive-url= |access-date= |work=Chicken Burger vs. Chicken Sandwich: What’s the Difference?}}</ref> The sandwich can also be found at "Ohio" community dinners on the Gulf Coast of Florida held by retirees or [[snowbird (person)|snowbirds]] from Ohio.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}

====Massachusetts====
The chicken barb is a sandwich made from pulled chicken, lettuce, and mayonnaise, popular in the cities of [[Lawrence, Massachusetts|Lawrence]] and [[Methuen, Massachusetts|Methuen]] in [[Massachusetts]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=suburbanpioneer |title=Chicken Barb |url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/chicken-barb |website=Atlas Obscura |publisher=Atlas Obscura |access-date=11 December 2024}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
{{portal|Food}}
{{portal|Food}}
*[[Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches]]
*[[Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches]]
*[[Chicken Sandwich Wars]]
*[[Chicken sandwich wars]]
*[[List of sandwiches]]
*[[List of sandwiches]]
*[[McChicken]]
*[[McChicken]]
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[[Category:American sandwiches]]
[[Category:American sandwiches]]
[[Category:Canadian chicken dishes]]
[[Category:Canadian chicken dishes]]
[[Category:Chicken sandwiches]]

Latest revision as of 05:11, 12 December 2024

For the dish often called a chicken sandwich in the United States, see Chicken burger.
Chicken Sandwich
A chicken salad sandwich
CourseMain course
Serving temperatureHot (or cold, as in submarine sandwich)
Main ingredientsChicken, bun

A chicken sandwich is a sandwich that typically consists of boneless, skinless chicken breast or thigh, served between slices of bread. Variations on the "chicken sandwich" include chicken on a bun, chicken on a Kaiser, hot chicken, or chicken salad sandwich.

Composition

[edit]
A chicken breast sandwich

In the United States, the chicken sandwich usually consists of a chicken filet or patty, toppings and bread. The chicken meat can be deep fried, grilled, roasted or boiled, served hot or cold, and white or dark meat chicken can be used. Shredded chicken in one form or another, such as chicken salad, can also be used in chicken sandwiches. Another form is made with cold cuts. Wrap versions of the sandwich can also be made, in which the ingredients are rolled up inside a flatbread, such as a tortilla. Open-faced versions of the chicken sandwich, which feature hot chicken served with gravy on top of bread, are also common variations.

Popularity

[edit]
A fried chicken sandwich

The ongoing competition for market share in the United States in fried chicken sandwiches has demonstrably impacted the fast casual and quick-service restaurant industry. This competition has coincided with a significant rise in the prevalence of fried chicken sandwiches on menus nationwide. As of 2024, 47% of restaurant menus feature fried chicken sandwiches, compared to 41% for burgers. This represents a 10% increase for chicken sandwiches from 2020 to 2021. While burgers may still hold the overall popularity edge, the increasing presence of fried chicken sandwiches on menus suggests a growing consumer demand.[1]

Regional varieties

[edit]

Ireland

[edit]

In Ireland, the popular chicken fillet roll is a baguette filled with a spicy or plain Southern-fried breaded chicken fillet and a mayonnaise and/or butter spread.[2]

Japan

[edit]

The Katsu-sando is a sandwich that consists of two slices of milk bread with a Japanese-style chicken cutlet in between.[3][4]

Canada

[edit]
A Quebec-style "hot chicken", topped with green peas
For Nashville hot chicken, see Hot chicken.

The hot chicken sandwich or simply "hot chicken" is a chicken sandwich covered with gravy eaten with utensils. The sandwich is sometimes served with green peas. It is especially popular in Quebec and is often considered one of the province's staple dishes.[5][6] Since it is so commonly found in eateries of Quebec (Rôtisserie St-Hubert, Valentine, e.g.) and less seen outside the province, many Québécois regard it as a part of Quebec cuisine and believe it to have originated in the province.[5] This combination of chicken, gravy, and peas is known by its own term: galvaude,[5] seen in poutine galvaude.

The sandwich is also found in small diners in the Canadian Maritimes[7] and throughout the Southeastern United States.[8]

The sandwich was a working-class dish already common and well established in North American cuisine by the early 1900s[9] and featured on the food menus of pharmacists and druggists of the time.[10] Due to its ease of preparation and its minimal costs, the sandwich was also widely served in the mess halls and cafeterias of the mid-1900s.[11][12]

This style of sandwich often makes use of leftovers from a previous meal. Substituting turkey for the chicken would make a hot turkey sandwich[13] and substituting roast beef makes a variety of the roast beef sandwich.[14]

Latin America

[edit]
A pepito prepared with chicken meat

The pepito is a sandwich that is prepared with chicken or beef, beans or refried beans and a roll or bun as primary ingredients. It is a common street food in Mexico and Venezuela.[15][16]

United States

[edit]

Ohio

[edit]

Found in Ohio is the shredded chicken sandwich.[17] The sandwich is also referred to as a hot chicken sandwich in rural Ohio. The sandwich consists of shredded chicken, one or more types of condensed soup, seasoning and crushed crackers to help thicken and bind the sauce. This dish can be heated on a stove top or slow cooker. Invented as a way to use leftover chicken, these sandwiches became popular for covered dish dinners, potlucks, church dinners and tailgate parties. They are also sold in small-town restaurants, drive-ins and bars.[18] The sandwich can also be found at "Ohio" community dinners on the Gulf Coast of Florida held by retirees or snowbirds from Ohio.[citation needed]

Massachusetts

[edit]

The chicken barb is a sandwich made from pulled chicken, lettuce, and mayonnaise, popular in the cities of Lawrence and Methuen in Massachusetts.[19]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Shanker, Deena (2024-07-01). "The Fried Chicken Sandwich Wars Are More Cutthroat Than Ever Before". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2024-07-04.
  2. ^ "Chicken Fillet Roll · TheJournal.ie". TheJournal.ie. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
  3. ^ https://www.culinaryexploration.eu/blog/chicken-katsu-sando
  4. ^ Inamine, Elyse (2018-08-16). "Katsu Sandos Are Everywhere, and We're Here For It". Bon Appétit. Retrieved 2024-11-14.
  5. ^ a b c McMillan, David; Morin, Frederic; Erickson, Meredith (October 11, 2011), The Art of Living According to Joe Beef: A Cookbook of Sorts, Random House Digital, Inc.
  6. ^ Fodor's Travel Publications, Inc. (2011). Fodor's 2011 Montréal and Québec City. Fodors Travel Publications. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-4000-0510-9.
  7. ^ Canton, Richard Todd (May 31, 2012), Food for Thought:A Working Man's Guide to Life, iUniverse, ISBN 9781475922301
  8. ^ Edelstein, Sari (October 22, 2010), Food, Cuisine, and Cultural Competency for Culinary, Hospitality, and Nutrition Professionals, Jones & Bartlett Learning, ISBN 9780763759650
  9. ^ Greene Fuller, Eva (1909), The Up-To-Date Sandwich Book 400 Ways to Make a Sandwich, Chicago: A. C. McCLURG & CO., OL 20541957M
  10. ^ American Druggist and Pharmaceutical Record, vol. 58–59, American Druggist Publishing Co., 1911
  11. ^ Richards, Lenore; Treat, Nola (1966), Quantity cookery; menu planning and cooking for large numbers, Little, Brown and Company
  12. ^ Bradley, Alice (1922), Cooking for profit; catering and food service management, Chicago: Home Economics Association
  13. ^ Bauer, Elise. "Hot Turkey Sandwich". Simply Recipes.
  14. ^ Mae, Stella. "Old-Fashioned Hot Open-Faced Roast Beef Sandwich". Genius Kitchen.
  15. ^ Kraig, B.; Sen, C.T. (2013). Street Food Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 391. ISBN 978-1-59884-955-4. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  16. ^ Santibanez, R.; Goode, JJ; Coleman, T. (2012). Tacos, Tortas, and Tamales: Flavors from the Griddles, Pots, and Streetside Kitchens of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-544-18831-0. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
  17. ^ "Cathy's Simple Chicken Sandwiches". Ohio Magazine.
  18. ^ chilango, restaurant sf (2017). "Chicken Burger vs. Chicken Sandwich". Chicken Burger vs. Chicken Sandwich: What’s the Difference?.
  19. ^ suburbanpioneer. "Chicken Barb". Atlas Obscura. Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 11 December 2024.

Further reading

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