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{{Short description|Son of Bertrand Russell, great-grandson of Lord John Russell}}
{{Other people|John Russell}}
{{Other people|John Russell}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
| honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
| name = The Earl Russell
| name = The Earl Russell
| image =
| image =
|office4 = [[Member of the House of Lords]]<br/>[[Lords Temporal|Lord Temporal]]
|office4 = [[Member of the House of Lords]]<br />[[Lords Temporal|Lord Temporal]]
|term_start4 = 3 February 1970
|term_start4 = 3 February 1970
|term_end4 = 16 December 1987 <br/>[[Hereditary peer|Hereditary Peerage]]
|term_end4 = 16 December 1987 <br />[[Hereditary peer|Hereditary Peerage]]
|predecessor4 = [[Bertrand Russell|The 3rd Earl Russell]]
|predecessor4 = [[Bertrand Russell|The 3rd Earl Russell]]
|successor4 = [[Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell|The 5th Earl Russell]]
|successor4 = [[Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell|The 5th Earl Russell]]
Line 12: Line 14:
| death_date = 16 December 1987 (aged 66)
| death_date = 16 December 1987 (aged 66)
| education =
| education =
[[Dartington Hall School]]<br/> [[University of California, Los Angeles|University of California]] <br/> [[Harvard University]]
[[Dartington Hall School]]<br /> [[University of California, Los Angeles|University of California]] <br /> [[Harvard University]]
| spouse = Doniphan Lindsay
| spouse = Doniphan Lindsay
| children = 3
| parents = [[Bertrand Russell]] <br /> [[Dora Black]]
}}
}}
'''John Conrad Russell, 4th Earl Russell''' (16 November 1921 – 16 December 1987) was the eldest son of the philosopher and mathematician [[Bertrand Russell]] (the 3rd Earl) and his second wife, [[Dora Black]]. His middle name was a tribute to the writer [[Joseph Conrad]], whom his father had long admired.<ref>Kevin Jackson, ''Constellation of Genius – 1922: Modernism and All That Jazz'', p. 47, footnote 36</ref> He was the great-grandson of the 19th century British [[British Whig Party|Whig]] [[British Prime Minister|Prime Minister]] [[John Russell, 1st Earl Russell|Lord John Russell]]. He succeeded to the earldom on the death of his father on 2 February 1970.
'''John Conrad Russell, 4th Earl Russell''' (16 November 1921 – 16 December 1987), styled ''Viscount Amberley'' from 1931 to 1970, was the eldest son of the philosopher and mathematician [[Bertrand Russell]] (the 3rd Earl) and his second wife, [[Dora Black]]. His middle name was a tribute to the writer [[Joseph Conrad]], whom his father had long admired.<ref>Kevin Jackson, ''Constellation of Genius – 1922: Modernism and All That Jazz'', p. 47, footnote 36</ref> He was the great-grandson of the 19th-century British [[British Whig Party|Whig]] [[British Prime Minister|Prime Minister]] [[John Russell, 1st Earl Russell|Lord John Russell]]. He succeeded to the earldom on the death of his father on 2 February 1970.


== Education ==
== Education ==
John Russell was educated at the progressive [[Dartington Hall School]], the [[University of California, Los Angeles]] and [[Harvard University]]. Upon leaving Harvard in 1943 he returned to Britain and enlisted in the [[Royal Naval Reserve]].<ref>{{Who's Who | surname = RUSSELL | othernames = 4th Earl (John Conrad Russell) | id = U168768 | type = was | volume = 2018 | edition = online}} {{subscription required}}</ref> In the Reserve he learned the [[Japanese language]].<ref name="russ3">{{cite book |last1=Russell |first1=Bertrand |title=Autobiography of Bertrand Russell (1914 - 1944) |date=1969 |publisher=Bantam Books |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.64782/page/n337 327] |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.64782}}</ref>
John Russell was educated at the progressive [[Dartington Hall School]], the [[University of California, Los Angeles]] and [[Harvard University]]. Upon leaving Harvard in 1943 he returned to Britain and enlisted in the [[Royal Naval Reserve]].<ref>{{Who's Who | title=RUSSELL, 4th Earl (John Conrad Russell) | id = U168768 | type = was | volume = 2018 | edition = online}}</ref> In the Reserve, he learned the [[Japanese language]].<ref name="russ3">{{cite book |last1=Russell |first1=Bertrand |title=Autobiography of Bertrand Russell (1914 - 1944) |date=1969 |publisher=Bantam Books |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.64782/page/n337 327] |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.64782}}</ref>


== Career ==
== Career ==
Russell had a distinguished early career, working for the [[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] among other organisations, but in later life he was diagnosed as [[schizophrenia|schizophrenic]].{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} This made him the only person in the United Kingdom to be denied the vote on two counts, first, for being a peer and, second, for being insane. He made a speech in the House of Lords that was considered so outlandish that to this day it is the only speech unrecorded by [[Hansard]].{{citation needed|date=February 2013}}
Russell had a distinguished early career, working for the [[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] among other organisations, but in later life he was diagnosed as [[schizophrenia|schizophrenic]].<ref name=ausp>{{cite book |last1=Fitzgerald |first1=Michael |last2=Lyons |first2=Viktoria |title=Asperger Syndrome A Gift Or a Curse? |date=2005 |publisher=Nova Biomedical Books |page=290}}</ref> This made him the only person in the United Kingdom to be denied the vote on two counts, first, for being a peer and, second, for being insane. He delivered a speech in the House of Lords on 18 July 1978 that was considered so outlandish that it was claimed to be the only speech unrecorded by [[Hansard]], although it is included in the online version<ref>[https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1978/jul/18/victims-of-crime-aid-policy#S5LV0395P0_19780718_HOL_409]at column 275. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314185528/https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1978/jul/18/victims-of-crime-aid-policy#S5LV0395P0_19780718_HOL_409 |date=14 March 2024 }}</ref> while lacking the final section that he had written but failed to read aloud after being interrupted.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jot101.com/2021/02/visionary-speech-by-earl-russell-part-3/|title=Visionary Speech by Earl Russell (Part 3) &#124; Jot101|date=7 February 2021 }}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=KOggCwAAQBAJ&dq=%22So+embarrassing+was+this+episode+that+a+myth%22&pg=PT116 Great British Eccentrics, SD Tucker]</ref>


== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
He was married on 28 August 1946 to Susan Doniphan Lindsay, daughter of the poet [[Vachel Lindsay]]. They had three daughters: Lady Felicity Anne Russell (born 2 September 1945), Lady Sarah Elizabeth Russell (born 16 January 1946){{Citation needed|reason=The birth dates given for Felicity and Sarah are only 4 months apart|date=June 2018}}, and Lady Lucy Catherine Russell (21 July 1948 – 11 April 1975). Neither Sarah nor Lucy married or bore children; Felicity had one daughter, Rowan. Like their father and mother, the three daughters suffered from serious mental health challenges. Lucy, who was Bertrand Russell's favourite grandchild, died from [[self-immolation]], at the age of 26, in the forecourt of a church near [[Penzance]], ostensibly protesting in the cause of world peace.<ref>[[Héctor Abad]], [https://brickmag.com/the-reasoning-heart/ The Reasoning Heart]. ''[[Brick (magazine)|Brick Magazine]]'', No. 88 (Winter, 2012). Retrieved 2016-07-05.</ref>
He was married on 28 August 1946 to Susan Doniphan Lindsay, daughter of the poet [[Vachel Lindsay]]. They were divorced in 1955. They had three daughters: {{citation needed span|Lady Felicity Anne Russell (born 2 September 1945)|date=February 2022}}, Lady Sarah Elizabeth Russell {{citation needed span|(born 16 January 1946)|reason=The birth dates given for Felicity and Sarah are only 4 months apart|date=June 2018}}, and Lady Lucy Catherine Russell (21 July 1948 – 11 April 1975). Neither Sarah nor Lucy married or bore children; Felicity had one daughter, Rowan. Like their father and mother, the three daughters had mental illnesses. Lucy, who was Bertrand Russell's favourite grandchild, died from [[self-immolation]], at the age of 26, in the forecourt of a church near [[Penzance]], ostensibly protesting in the cause of world peace.<ref>[[Héctor Abad]], [https://brickmag.com/the-reasoning-heart/ The Reasoning Heart]. ''[[Brick (magazine)|Brick Magazine]]'', No. 88 (Winter, 2012). Retrieved 2016-07-05.</ref> Like her father Lucy was diagnosed with schizophrenia.<ref name=ausp/>


Russell was succeeded as Earl by his half-brother, the historian [[Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell]].
Russell was succeeded as Earl by his half-brother, the historian [[Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell]].
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{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


{{Bertrand Russell (Navigational box)|state=autocollapse}}

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[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:Earls in the Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Earls Russell]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:Russell family|J]]
[[Category:Russell family|J]]
[[Category:Bertrand Russell]]
[[Category:Bertrand Russell]]
[[Category:People with schizophrenia]]
[[Category:People with schizophrenia]]
[[Category:Royal Naval Reserve personnel]]
[[Category:20th-century British military personnel]]



{{UK-earl-stub}}
{{UK-earl-stub}}

Latest revision as of 06:38, 12 December 2024

For other people named John Russell, see John Russell (disambiguation).

The Right Honourable
The Earl Russell
Member of the House of Lords
Lord Temporal
In office
3 February 1970 – 16 December 1987
Hereditary Peerage
Preceded byThe 3rd Earl Russell
Succeeded byThe 5th Earl Russell
Personal details
Born16 November 1921
Died16 December 1987 (aged 66)
SpouseDoniphan Lindsay
Children3
Parent(s)Bertrand Russell
Dora Black
EducationDartington Hall School
University of California
Harvard University

John Conrad Russell, 4th Earl Russell (16 November 1921 – 16 December 1987), styled Viscount Amberley from 1931 to 1970, was the eldest son of the philosopher and mathematician Bertrand Russell (the 3rd Earl) and his second wife, Dora Black. His middle name was a tribute to the writer Joseph Conrad, whom his father had long admired.[1] He was the great-grandson of the 19th-century British Whig Prime Minister Lord John Russell. He succeeded to the earldom on the death of his father on 2 February 1970.

Education

[edit]

John Russell was educated at the progressive Dartington Hall School, the University of California, Los Angeles and Harvard University. Upon leaving Harvard in 1943 he returned to Britain and enlisted in the Royal Naval Reserve.[2] In the Reserve, he learned the Japanese language.[3]

Career

[edit]

Russell had a distinguished early career, working for the FAO among other organisations, but in later life he was diagnosed as schizophrenic.[4] This made him the only person in the United Kingdom to be denied the vote on two counts, first, for being a peer and, second, for being insane. He delivered a speech in the House of Lords on 18 July 1978 that was considered so outlandish that it was claimed to be the only speech unrecorded by Hansard, although it is included in the online version[5] while lacking the final section that he had written but failed to read aloud after being interrupted.[6][7]

Personal life

[edit]

He was married on 28 August 1946 to Susan Doniphan Lindsay, daughter of the poet Vachel Lindsay. They were divorced in 1955. They had three daughters: Lady Felicity Anne Russell (born 2 September 1945)[citation needed], Lady Sarah Elizabeth Russell (born 16 January 1946)[citation needed], and Lady Lucy Catherine Russell (21 July 1948 – 11 April 1975). Neither Sarah nor Lucy married or bore children; Felicity had one daughter, Rowan. Like their father and mother, the three daughters had mental illnesses. Lucy, who was Bertrand Russell's favourite grandchild, died from self-immolation, at the age of 26, in the forecourt of a church near Penzance, ostensibly protesting in the cause of world peace.[8] Like her father Lucy was diagnosed with schizophrenia.[4]

Russell was succeeded as Earl by his half-brother, the historian Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Kevin Jackson, Constellation of Genius – 1922: Modernism and All That Jazz, p. 47, footnote 36
  2. ^ "RUSSELL, 4th Earl (John Conrad Russell)". Who's Who & Who Was Who. Vol. 2018 (online ed.). A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. ^ Russell, Bertrand (1969). Autobiography of Bertrand Russell (1914 - 1944). New York: Bantam Books. p. 327.
  4. ^ a b Fitzgerald, Michael; Lyons, Viktoria (2005). Asperger Syndrome A Gift Or a Curse?. Nova Biomedical Books. p. 290.
  5. ^ [1]at column 275. Archived 14 March 2024 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ "Visionary Speech by Earl Russell (Part 3) | Jot101". 7 February 2021.
  7. ^ Great British Eccentrics, SD Tucker
  8. ^ Héctor Abad, The Reasoning Heart. Brick Magazine, No. 88 (Winter, 2012). Retrieved 2016-07-05.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
Peerage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Earl Russell
1970–1987 		Succeeded by


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