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{{short description|Penultimate stanza of Thomas Aquinas' Sacric solemniis}}
{{italic title}}{{Thomism}}
{{Thomism}}
'''{{Lang|la|Panis angelicus}}''' (Latin for "Bread of Angels" or "Angelic Bread") is the penultimate [[strophe]] of the hymn "{{Lang|la|[[Sacris solemniis]]}}" written by Saint [[Thomas Aquinas]] for the [[Feast of Corpus Christi]] as part of a complete liturgy of the feast, including prayers for the [[Eucharist (Catholic Church)|Mass]] and the [[Liturgy of the Hours]].
'''{{Lang|la|Panis angelicus|italic=no}}''' (Latin for "Bread of Angels" or "Angelic Bread") is the penultimate [[stanza]] of the hymn "{{Lang|la|[[Sacris solemniis]]|italic=no}}" written by Saint [[Thomas Aquinas]] for the [[feast of Corpus Christi]] as part of a complete liturgy of the feast, including prayers for the [[Mass in the Catholic Church|Mass]] and the [[Liturgy of the Hours]].


The strophe of "{{Lang|la|Sacris solemniis}}" that begins with the words "{{Lang|la|Panis angelicus}}" (bread of angels) has often been set to music separately from the rest of the hymn. Most famously, in 1872 [[César Franck]] set this strophe for [[tenor]] voice, [[harp]], [[cello]], and [[Organ (music)|organ]], and incorporated it into his ''{{Lang|fr|Messe à trois voix}}''.
The [[strophe]] of "{{Lang|la|Sacris solemniis|italic=no}}" that begins with the words {{Lang|la|Panis angelicus|italic=yes}} ("bread of angels") has often been set to music separately from the rest of the hymn. Most famously, in 1872 [[César Franck]] set this strophe for [[tenor]] voice, [[harp]], [[cello]], and [[Organ (music)|organ]], and incorporated it into his ''{{Lang|fr|Messe à trois voix}}''.


Other hymns for Corpus Christi by Saint Thomas where sections have been separately set to music are "{{Lang|la|[[Verbum supernum prodiens]]}}" (the last two strophes begin with "{{Lang|la|[[O salutaris hostia]]}}") and "{{Lang|la|[[Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium|Pange lingua gloriosi]]}}" (the last two strophes begin with "{{Lang|la|[[Tantum ergo]]}}").
Other hymns for Corpus Christi by Saint Thomas where sections have been separately set to music are "{{Lang|la|[[Verbum supernum prodiens]]|italic=no}}" (the last two strophes begin with "{{Lang|la|[[O salutaris hostia]]|italic=no}}") and "{{Lang|la|[[Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium|Pange lingua gloriosi]]|italic=no}}" (the last two strophes begin with "{{Lang|la|[[Tantum ergo]]|italic=no}}").


==Musical settings==
==Musical settings==
The text was set as a motet by several renaissance composers including [[João Lourenço Rebelo]]. Later romantic era settings include those by [[André Caplet]], [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]], and, best known of all, the setting by [[César Franck]].
The text was set as a [[motet]] by several [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]] composers including [[João Lourenço Rebelo]]. In the seventeenth century, [[Marc-Antoine Charpentier]] set H.243 in 1670–75. Later [[Romantic music|romantic]] era settings include those by [[André Caplet]], [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]], and, best known of all, the setting by [[César Franck]].


===Franck===
==Text==
<poem lang="la" style="float:left;">Panis angelicus
The 1932 performance of Franck's work by [[John McCormack (tenor)|John McCormack]] in Dublin's [[Phoenix Park]] was the highlight of his career.{{Citation needed|date=August 2016}} Noteworthy renditions have also been performed by tenors [[Luciano Pavarotti]], [[Andrea Bocelli]], [[José Carreras]], [[Plácido Domingo]], [[Franco Corelli]],and [[Roberto Alagna]], as well as by the sopranos [[Charlotte Church]], [[Herva Nelli]], [[Jessye Norman]], [[Magda Olivero]], Dame [[Elisabeth Schwarzkopf]], and [[Renata Scotto]], and the Italian operatic pop group [[Il Volo]]. The piece was performed by [[Richard Tucker]] and organist [[Charles M. Courboin]] at the [[Requiem Mass]] for slain [[United States Senate |United States Senator]] and presidential candidate [[Robert F. Kennedy]] on June 8, 1968,<ref>{{Citation|title = The Kennedy Years: From the Pages of ''The New York Times''| isbn = 1-61312563-1}}. Luigi Vena of Boston was tenor soloist and sang "Ave Maria", "Panis Angelicus" and "Jesu Amor Mi" during the mass."</ref> and by Plácido Domingo and [[Yo-Yo Ma]] at the Requiem Mass for Robert's brother, Senator [[Ted Kennedy |Edward Kennedy]] on August 29, 2009 – an event televised nationally in the United States.

{{anchor |Text_of_Panis_Angelicus}}

==Text of Panis angelicus, with doxology==
{|
|<poem>{{Lang|la|Panis angelicus
fit panis hominum;
fit panis hominum;
Dat panis cœlicus
Dat panis cœlicus
Line 22: Line 17:
O res mirabilis!
O res mirabilis!
Manducat Dominum
Manducat Dominum
⚫
pauper, servus et humilis.
Pauper, Pauper,
⚫
servus et humilis.


Te trina Deitas
Te trina Deitas
Line 32: Line 26:
duc nos quo tendimus,
duc nos quo tendimus,
Ad lucem quam inhabitas.
Ad lucem quam inhabitas.
Amen.}}</poem>
Amen.</poem>
|<poem style="margin-left: 2em;">May the Bread of Angels
<poem style="margin-left:2em; float:left;">Thus Angels' Bread is made
⚫
the Bread of man today:
Become bread for mankind;
the Living Bread from heaven
⚫
The Bread of Heaven puts
with figures dost away:
All foreshadowings to an end;
O wondrous gift indeed!
Oh, thing miraculous!
⚫
the poor and lowly may
The body of the Lord will nourish
upon their Lord and Master feed.
⚫
the poor, the poor,
the servile, and the humble.


Thee, therefore, we implore,
You God, Three In One,
O Godhead, One in Three,
we beseech;
That You visit us,
so may Thou visit us
As we worship You.
as we now worship Thee;
and lead us on Thy way,
By Your ways,
That we at last may see
lead us where we are heading,
to the light that You inhabitest.
the light wherein Thou dwellest aye.
⚫
Amen.<ref>[http://www.preces-latinae.org/thesaurus/Hymni/SacrisSol.html Full text of "Sacris solemniis"], with an English translation by John David Chambers (1805–1893)<!-- The spelling is taken from this source. --></ref></poem>{{Clear|left}}
Amen.</poem>
|}


==References==
==References==
Line 57: Line 49:
==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13321b.htm Sacris Solemniis] in the [[Catholic Encyclopedia]] discusses the merits of a number of translations.
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13321b.htm Sacris Solemniis] in the [[Catholic Encyclopedia]] discusses the merits of a number of translations.
* {{IMSLP|work=Mass, Op.12 (Franck, César)#Panis_Angelicus_.28No.5.29_2|cname=Panis angelicus (Franck)}}
⚫
* [http://www.preces-latinae.org/thesaurus/Hymni/SacrisSol.html Full text of "Sacris Solemniis", with an English translation]
* [http://www.chantcd.com/lyrics/bread_of_angels.htm "Bread of Angels"], Gregorian Chants
* [http://www.chantcd.com/lyrics/bread_of_angels.htm "Bread of Angels"], Gregorian Chants
* {{ChoralWiki|text=Panis angelicus}}
* {{ChoralWiki|text=Panis angelicus}}
* [http://libx.bsu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/ShtMus/id/1789/rec/66 Archival sheet music for "Panis Angelicus"], Oliver Ditson Company, 1901.
* [http://dmr.bsu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/ShtMus/id/1789/rec/66 Archival sheet music for "Panis Angelicus"], Oliver Ditson Company, 1901.
* {{YouTube|o3EZoDr6kqM}}, [[Luciano Pavarotti]], conducted by [[Franz-Paul Decker]], 21 September 1978, Montreal
* {{YouTube|JAlnsZhi8bU|Choral arrangement|link=no}} by [[Louis Lambillotte]]


{{Portal bar|Classical music}}
{{Portal bar|Classical music|Christianity}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Panis Angelicus}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Panis Angelicus}}
[[Category:Works by Thomas Aquinas]]
[[Category:Works by Thomas Aquinas]]
[[Category:Compositions by César Franck]]
[[Category:Compositions by César Franck]]
[[Category:Eucharist (Catholic Church)]]
[[Category:1872 compositions]]
[[Category:Latin-language Christian hymns]]
[[Category:Eucharist in the Catholic Church]]
[[Category:Christian hymns in Latin]]

Latest revision as of 16:33, 12 December 2024

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Panis angelicus (Latin for "Bread of Angels" or "Angelic Bread") is the penultimate stanza of the hymn "Sacris solemniis" written by Saint Thomas Aquinas for the feast of Corpus Christi as part of a complete liturgy of the feast, including prayers for the Mass and the Liturgy of the Hours.

The strophe of "Sacris solemniis" that begins with the words Panis angelicus ("bread of angels") has often been set to music separately from the rest of the hymn. Most famously, in 1872 César Franck set this strophe for tenor voice, harp, cello, and organ, and incorporated it into his Messe à trois voix.

Other hymns for Corpus Christi by Saint Thomas where sections have been separately set to music are "Verbum supernum prodiens" (the last two strophes begin with "O salutaris hostia") and "Pange lingua gloriosi" (the last two strophes begin with "Tantum ergo").

Musical settings

[edit]

The text was set as a motet by several Renaissance composers including João Lourenço Rebelo. In the seventeenth century, Marc-Antoine Charpentier set H.243 in 1670–75. Later romantic era settings include those by André Caplet, Saint-Saëns, and, best known of all, the setting by César Franck.

Text

[edit]

Panis angelicus
fit panis hominum;
Dat panis cœlicus
figuris terminum:
O res mirabilis!
Manducat Dominum
pauper, servus et humilis.

Te trina Deitas
unaque poscimus:
Sic nos tu visita,
sicut te colimus;
Per tuas semitas
duc nos quo tendimus,
Ad lucem quam inhabitas.
Amen.

Thus Angels' Bread is made
the Bread of man today:
the Living Bread from heaven
with figures dost away:
O wondrous gift indeed!
the poor and lowly may
upon their Lord and Master feed.

Thee, therefore, we implore,
O Godhead, One in Three,
so may Thou visit us
as we now worship Thee;
and lead us on Thy way,
That we at last may see
the light wherein Thou dwellest aye.
Amen.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Full text of "Sacris solemniis", with an English translation by John David Chambers (1805–1893)
[edit]
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