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"'''The Tears of a Clown'''" is a song written by [[Hank Cosby]], [[Smokey Robinson]], and [[Stevie Wonder]] and originally recorded by [[The Miracles|Smokey Robinson & the Miracles]] for the Tamla Records label subsidiary of [[Motown]], first appearing on the 1967 album ''[[Make It Happen (Smokey Robinson and the Miracles album)|Make It Happen]]''. The track was re-released in the United Kingdom as a single in July 1970, and it became a number-one hit on the [[UK Singles Chart]] for the week ending September 12, 1970. Subsequently, Motown released a partially re-recorded and completely remixed version as a single in the United States as well, where it quickly became a number-one hit on both the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|R&B Singles]] charts.<ref>{{cite book |title= Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942–2004|last=Whitburn |first=Joel |author-link=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=404}}</ref>
"'''The Tears of a Clown'''" is a song written by [[Hank Cosby]], [[Smokey Robinson]], and [[Stevie Wonder]] and originally recorded by [[The Miracles|Smokey Robinson & the Miracles]] for the Tamla Records label subsidiary of [[Motown]], first appearing on the 1967 album ''[[Make It Happen (Smokey Robinson and the Miracles album)|Make It Happen]]''. The track was re-released in the United Kingdom as a single in July 1970, and it became a number-one hit on the [[UK Singles Chart]] for the week ending September 12, 1970. Subsequently, Motown released a partially re-recorded and completely remixed version as a single in the United States as well, where it quickly became a number-one hit on both the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|R&B Singles]] charts.<ref>{{cite book |title= Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942–2004|last=Whitburn |first=Joel |author-link=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=404}}</ref>


This song is an international multi-million seller and a 2002 [[Grammy Hall of Fame]] inductee. Its success led Miracles lead singer, songwriter, and producer Smokey Robinson, who had announced plans to leave the act, to stay until 1972. In 2021, it was listed at No. 313 on ''[[Rolling Stone]]''{{'}}s "Top 500 Greatest Songs of All Time".<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2021-09-15 |title=The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-songs-of-all-time-1224767/ |access-date=2022-07-18 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref>
This song is an international multi-million seller and a 2002 [[Grammy Hall of Fame]] inductee. Its success led Miracles lead singer, songwriter, and producer Smokey Robinson, who had announced plans to leave the act, to stay until 1972. In 2021, it was listed at No. 313 on ''[[Rolling Stone]]''{{'}}s "Top 500 Greatest Songs of All Time".<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=September 15, 2021 |title=The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-songs-of-all-time-1224767/ |access-date=July 18, 2022 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
===Origins===
===Origins===
[[Stevie Wonder]] (who was discovered by Miracles member [[Ronnie White]]) and his producer [[Hank Cosby]] wrote the music for the song, and Cosby produced the instrumental track recording. Wonder brought the instrumental track to the 1966 Motown Christmas party because he could not come up with a lyric to fit the instrumental.<ref name="Spectacle" /> Wonder wanted to see what Robinson could come up with for the track.<ref name=Spectacle>Spectacle with Elvis Costello, 2009</ref> Robinson, who remarked that the song's distinctive [[calliope (music)|calliope]] motif "sounded like a circus," provided lyrics that reflected his vision and sang lead vocal. In the song, his character, sad because a woman has left him, compares himself to the characters in the [[opera]] ''[[Pagliacci]]'', comedians/clowns who hide their hurt and anger behind empty smiles.<ref name="Spectacle" /> He had used this comparison before: the line "just like Pagliacci did/I'll try to keep my sadness hid" appears in this song as well as in "My Smile Is Just a Frown (Turned Upside Down)", which he had written in 1964 for Motown artist [[Caroline Crawford|Carolyn Crawford]]. The record is one of the few hit pop singles to feature the [[bassoon]], which was played by Charles R. Sirard.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.idrs.org/resources/whoswho/browserecord.php?-action=browse&-recid=12745 |title="Charles Sirad" at International Double Reed Society |access-date=2012-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202103841/http://www.idrs.org/resources/whoswho/browserecord.php?-action=browse&-recid=12745 |archive-date=2014-02-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
[[Stevie Wonder]] (who was discovered by Miracles member [[Ronnie White]]) and his producer [[Hank Cosby]] wrote the music for the song, and Cosby produced the instrumental track recording. Wonder brought the instrumental track to the 1966 Motown Christmas party because he could not come up with a lyric to fit the instrumental.<ref name="Spectacle" /> Wonder wanted to see what Robinson could come up with for the track.<ref name=Spectacle>Spectacle with Elvis Costello, 2009</ref> Robinson, who remarked that the song's distinctive [[calliope (music)|calliope]] motif "sounded like a circus," provided lyrics that reflected his vision and sang lead vocal. In the song, his character, sad because a woman has left him, compares himself to the characters in the [[opera]] ''[[Pagliacci]]'', comedians/clowns who hide their hurt and anger behind empty smiles.<ref name="Spectacle" /> He had used this comparison before: the line "just like Pagliacci did/I'll try to keep my sadness hid" appears in this song as well as in "My Smile Is Just a Frown (Turned Upside Down)", which he had written in 1964 for Motown artist [[Caroline Crawford|Carolyn Crawford]]. The record is one of the few hit pop singles to feature the [[bassoon]], which was played by Charles R. Sirard.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.idrs.org/resources/whoswho/browserecord.php?-action=browse&-recid=12745 |title="Charles Sirad" at International Double Reed Society |access-date=November 30, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202103841/http://www.idrs.org/resources/whoswho/browserecord.php?-action=browse&-recid=12745 |archive-date=February 2, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


"The Tears of a Clown" was an album track on 1967's ''[[Make It Happen (Miracles album)|Make It Happen]]'' but was not released as a single. "The Tears of a Clown" on the monaural version of ''Make It Happen'' contains an alternate lead vocal with a slightly different verse melody. By 1969, Robinson had become tired of constantly touring with the Miracles, and wanted to remain home in [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]], with his wife [[Claudette Rogers Robinson|Claudette]] and their two children, Berry and Tamla (both named after aspects of the Motown corporation). Robinson informed his groupmates [[Warren "Pete" Moore|Pete Moore]], [[Bobby Rogers]], and best friend [[Ronnie White|Ronald White]] that he would be retiring from the act to concentrate on his duties as [[vice-president]] of Motown Records.
"The Tears of a Clown" was an album track on 1967's ''[[Make It Happen (Miracles album)|Make It Happen]]'' but was not released as a single. "The Tears of a Clown" on the monaural version of ''Make It Happen'' contains an alternate lead vocal with a slightly different verse melody. By 1969, Robinson had become tired of constantly touring with the Miracles, and wanted to remain home in [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]], with his wife [[Claudette Rogers Robinson|Claudette]] and their two children, Berry and Tamla (both named after aspects of the Motown corporation). Robinson informed his groupmates [[Warren "Pete" Moore|Pete Moore]], [[Bobby Rogers]], and best friend [[Ronnie White|Ronald White]] that he would be retiring from the act to concentrate on his duties as [[vice-president]] of Motown Records.


===Commercial success===
===Commercial success===
In 1970, to capitalize on the Miracles' success, and due to a lack of new material from the group, Motown Britain selected "The Tears of a Clown" from the group's catalog for single release. One account suggests it was Karen Spreadbury, head of the British division of the Motown Fan Club, who first recommended the track to [[John Reid (music manager)|John Reid]], then UK manager for the American Tamla Motown label, who went on to manage [[Elton John]] and [[Queen (band)|Queen]], when he asked her which track she'd favor as a single from the 1967 album.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.udiscovermusic.com/stories/smokey-robinson-and-the-miracles-tears-of-a-clown-song/|title = 'Tears of a Clown': When Fortune Smiled on Smokey Robinson|date = 17 October 2020}}</ref> Reid reportedly then gave the go ahead for “Tears of a Clown” to be issued as the single.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a27573083/john-reid-elton-john-manager-rocketman-facts/|title = Elton John and John Reid's Relationship Imploded After What We See in 'Rocketman'|date = 30 May 2019}}</ref> The record became a #1 hit in the UK seven weeks after its July release.
In 1970, to capitalize on the Miracles' success, and due to a lack of new material from the group, Motown Britain selected "The Tears of a Clown" from the group's catalog for single release. One account suggests it was Karen Spreadbury, head of the British division of the Motown Fan Club, who first recommended the track to [[John Reid (music manager)|John Reid]], then UK manager for the American Tamla Motown label, who went on to manage [[Elton John]] and [[Queen (band)|Queen]], when he asked her which track she'd favor as a single from the 1967 album.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.udiscovermusic.com/stories/smokey-robinson-and-the-miracles-tears-of-a-clown-song/|title = 'Tears of a Clown': When Fortune Smiled on Smokey Robinson|date = October 17, 2020}}</ref> Reid reportedly then gave the go ahead for “Tears of a Clown” to be issued as the single.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a27573083/john-reid-elton-john-manager-rocketman-facts/|title = Elton John and John Reid's Relationship Imploded After What We See in 'Rocketman'|date = May 30, 2019}}</ref> The record became a #1 hit in the UK seven weeks after its July release.


This newfound popularity prompted Motown to release the song as a single in the United States, using a new mix of the song made in February 1970 (whereas the UK release had used the original 1967 stereo mix from the ''Make It Happen'' LP). ''[[Cash Box]]'' said of the US single release that it was a "brilliant return to the heyday sound of the Miracles," calling it "bright blues rock that hasn't been heard here for a long while."<ref>{{cite news|title=CashBox Record Reviews|date=October 10, 1970|page=28|accessdate=2021-12-09|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1970/CB-1970-010-1-.pdf|newspaper=Cash Box}}</ref> It became a #1 hit on both the pop and [[rhythm and blues|R&B]] charts within two months of its release. Despite the fact that the Miracles had been one of Motown's premier acts in the early and mid-1960s and its first successful group act, "The Tears of a Clown" was their first and only #1 hit while Smokey Robinson was lead singer. (The Miracles hit #1 again several years later with the smash hit "[[Love Machine (The Miracles song)|Love Machine]]", but by that time Smokey had long since left the group, replaced by [[Billy Griffin]]. "[[Shop Around]]" had hit #1 on the [[Cash Box]] Pop Chart, but only #2 on [[Billboard charts|Billboard]]'s.)
This newfound popularity prompted Motown to release the song as a single in the United States, using a new mix of the song made in February 1970 (whereas the UK release had used the original 1967 stereo mix from the ''Make It Happen'' LP). ''[[Cash Box]]'' said of the US single release that it was a "brilliant return to the heyday sound of the Miracles," calling it "bright blues rock that hasn't been heard here for a long while."<ref>{{cite news|title=CashBox Record Reviews|date=October 10, 1970|page=28|accessdate=December 9, 2021|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/70s/1970/CB-1970-010-1-.pdf|newspaper=Cash Box}}</ref> It became a #1 hit on both the pop and [[rhythm and blues|R&B]] charts within two months of its release. Despite the fact that the Miracles had been one of Motown's premier acts in the early and mid-1960s and its first successful group act, "The Tears of a Clown" was their first and only #1 hit while Smokey Robinson was lead singer. (The Miracles hit #1 again several years later with the smash hit "[[Love Machine (The Miracles song)|Love Machine]]", but by that time Smokey had long since left the group, replaced by [[Billy Griffin]]. "[[Shop Around]]" had hit #1 on the [[Cash Box]] Pop Chart, but only #2 on [[Billboard charts|Billboard]]'s.)


The 45 single was issued with two different [[B-side]]s: the first pressing had an alternate version of the 1967 Miracles Top 20 hit single "[[The Love I Saw in You Was Just a Mirage]];" the second had a new Miracles song, "Promise Me". Motown released a ''Tears of a Clown'' LP in 1970 as well, which was essentially a re-packaging of the Miracles' 1967 ''Make It Happen''. It was included again on the group's 1971 LP ''[[One Dozen Roses]]'', which used a new stereo mix.
The 45 single was issued with two different [[B-side]]s: the first pressing had an alternate version of the 1967 Miracles Top 20 hit single "[[The Love I Saw in You Was Just a Mirage]];" the second had a new Miracles song, "Promise Me". Motown released a ''Tears of a Clown'' LP in 1970 as well, which was essentially a re-packaging of the Miracles' 1967 ''Make It Happen''. It was included again on the group's 1971 LP ''[[One Dozen Roses]]'', which used a new stereo mix.


Two years later, Smokey Robinson decided to follow through with his plans to leave the Miracles and retire. Smokey Robinson & the Miracles embarked on a six-month farewell tour, culminating in a July 16, 1972 performance in [[Washington, DC]], where Robinson introduced the Miracles' new lead singer, Billy Griffin.
Two years later, Smokey Robinson decided to follow through with his plans to leave the Miracles and retire. Smokey Robinson & the Miracles embarked on a six-month farewell tour, culminating in a July 16, 1972, performance in [[Washington, DC]], where Robinson introduced the Miracles' new lead singer, Billy Griffin.


The song charted again in the UK in 1976, peaking at number 34 (see [[The Miracles discography]]). "The Tears of a Clown" continues to be a popular radio request.
The song charted again in the UK in 1976, peaking at number 34 (see [[The Miracles discography]]).


==Personnel==
==Personnel==
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* Melvin Davis – drums
* Melvin Davis – drums
* Other instrumentation by [[the Funk Brothers]]
* Other instrumentation by [[the Funk Brothers]]
**There is some uncertainty about who from the Motown session musicians the Funk Brothers played bass on the recording. Variously [[Tony Newton (musician)|Tony Newton]], [[Bob Babbitt]], and [[James Jamerson]] have been noted as playing on takes of the song. It is speculated that Jamerson performed on the original track. When Motown prepared the song for a US single release in 1970, they dubbed in new drums and bass.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.soul-source.co.uk/forums/topic/232125-who-played-bass-on-tears-of-a-clown/ |title=Who Played Bass On Tears Of A Clown...? topic |date=17 July 2012 }}</ref> Babbitt is credited as playing bass on the 1970 dub.<ref>The Complete Motown Singles Vol. 10: 1970 [liner notes]. New York: Hip-O Select/Motown/Universal Records</ref>
**There is some uncertainty about who from the Motown session musicians the Funk Brothers played bass on the recording. Variously [[Tony Newton (musician)|Tony Newton]], [[Bob Babbitt]], and [[James Jamerson]] have been noted as playing on takes of the song. It is speculated that Jamerson performed on the original track. When Motown prepared the song for a US single release in 1970, they dubbed in new drums and bass.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.soul-source.co.uk/forums/topic/232125-who-played-bass-on-tears-of-a-clown/ |title=Who Played Bass On Tears Of A Clown...? topic |date=July 17, 2012 }}</ref> Babbitt is credited as playing bass on the 1970 dub.<ref>The Complete Motown Singles Vol. 10: 1970 [liner notes]. New York: Hip-O Select/Motown/Universal Records</ref>


==Charts==
==Charts==
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!scope="col"|Peak<br />position
!scope="col"|Peak<br />position
|-
|-
!scope="row"|Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.top100singles.net/2011/11/every-amr-top-100-single-in-1970.html#show |title=Top 100 Singles |website=Top100singles.net |access-date=2021-05-19}}</ref>
!scope="row"|Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.top100singles.net/2011/11/every-amr-top-100-single-in-1970.html#show |title=Top 100 Singles |website=Top100singles.net |access-date=May 19, 2021}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|7
| style="text-align:center;"|7
|-
|-
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| caption = Original 2 Tone cover
| caption = Original 2 Tone cover
| type = single
| type = single
| artist = [[The Beat (British band)|The Beat]]
| artist = [[The Beat (British band)|the Beat]]
| album =
| album =
| A-side = "Ranking Full Stop" (double A-side)
| A-side = "Ranking Full Stop" ([[double A-side]])
| released = 30 November 1979<ref name="BPI">{{cite web|title=BRIT Certified Award – Beat – Tears Of A Clown|url= https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/6484-1645-1|website=[[British Phonographic Industry]]|access-date=28 January 2021}}</ref>
| released = November 30, 1979<ref name="BPI">{{cite web|title=BRIT Certified Award – Beat – Tears Of A Clown|url= https://www.bpi.co.uk/award/6484-1645-1|website=[[British Phonographic Industry]]|access-date=January 28, 2021}}</ref>
| recorded =
| recorded =
| studio =
| studio =
| venue =
| venue =
⚫
| genre = * [[Two-tone (music genre)|Two-tone]]<ref name= "1001 2015">{{cite book|first= Stevie|last= Chick|editor-first= Robert |editor-last= Dimery |year= 2015 |title= 1001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die|chapter= The Beat - "Save It for Later|publisher= [[Rizzoli Libri|Universe]]|location= New York|page= 515}}</ref>
| genre = {{flatlist|
⚫
* [[Two-tone (music genre)|Two-tone]]<ref name= "1001 2015">{{cite book|first= Stevie|last= Chick|editor-first= Robert |editor-last= Dimery |year= 2015 |title= 1001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die|chapter= The Beat - "Save It for Later|publisher= [[Rizzoli Libri|Universe]]|location= New York|page= 515}}</ref>
* [[Pop music|pop]]<ref name= "1001 2015"/>
* [[Pop music|pop]]<ref name= "1001 2015"/>
* [[ska]]<ref name="Bradley 2014">{{cite book|title= The Alternative Jukebox|first=Larry|last=Bradley|date= November 4, 2014|chapter= The 1970s: The Beat - "Tears of a Clown|page= 120|publisher=[[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell]]|isbn=978-1-84403-789-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w_phoAEACAAJ}}</ref>
}}
* [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]]<ref name="Bradley 2014"/>
* [[Soul music|soul]]<ref name="Bradley 2014"/>
| length = {{duration|m=2|s=39}}
| length = {{duration|m=2|s=39}}
| label = {{flatlist|
| label = {{flatlist|
Line 163: Line 164:
}}
}}


In November 1979 British [[ska]]/[[New wave music|new wave]] band [[The Beat (British band)|The Beat]] released a cover of the song as their debut single on the [[2 Tone Records|2 Tone]] label. The [[A-side and B-side|double A-side]] with "Ranking Full Stop" reached number 6 on the [[UK Singles Chart]], making it the band's third biggest hit.<ref name= "UK"/> It was also certified silver in the UK by the [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]].<ref name="BPI"/>
In November 1979, the British [[ska]]/[[New wave music|new wave]] band [[The Beat (British band)|the Beat]] released a cover of the song as their debut single on the [[2 Tone Records|2 Tone]] label. The [[A-side and B-side|double A-side]] with "Ranking Full Stop" reached number 6 on the [[UK Singles Chart]], making it the band's third biggest hit.<ref name= "UK"/> It was also certified silver in the UK by the [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]].<ref name="BPI"/>

⚫
It wasn't included on the original UK release of The Beat's debut album, ''[[I Just Can't Stop It]]'', but was included on the US release and has been included on subsequent CD reissues of the album.


⚫
It was not included on the original UK release of The Beat's debut album, ''[[I Just Can't Stop It]]'', but was included on the US release and has been included on subsequent CD reissues of the album.{{cn|date=April 2024}}
===Track listing===
# "Tears of a Clown" – 2:39
# "Ranking Full Stop" – 2:47


===Personnel===
===Personnel===
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* In late 1993, Australian punk-rock band [[Caligula (band)|Caligula]] had an Australian #25 hit with the song.
* In late 1993, Australian punk-rock band [[Caligula (band)|Caligula]] had an Australian #25 hit with the song.
* [[Phil Collins]] recorded it as a B-side to his song "[[Wake Up Call (Phil Collins song)|Wake Up Call]]", taken from his 2002 album ''[[Testify (Phil Collins album)|Testify]]'', and later re-recorded it during the sessions of his 2010 album ''[[Going Back (album)|Going Back]]''.
* [[Phil Collins]] recorded it as a B-side to his song "[[Wake Up Call (Phil Collins song)|Wake Up Call]]", taken from his 2002 album ''[[Testify (Phil Collins album)|Testify]]'', and later re-recorded it during the sessions of his 2010 album ''[[Going Back (album)|Going Back]]''.
*Jazz artist [[Nnenna Freelon]] included the song both on her 2002 studio album ''Tales of Wonder'' and in a live setting on her 2008 best-of compilation ''Better Than Anything: The Quintessential Nnenna Freelon''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nnenna.com/music/ | title=Music - Nnenna Freelon | access-date=2010-04-22 | publisher=Nnenna Freelon}}</ref>
*Jazz artist [[Nnenna Freelon]] included the song both on her 2002 studio album ''Tales of Wonder'' and in a live setting on her 2008 best-of compilation ''Better Than Anything: The Quintessential Nnenna Freelon''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nnenna.com/music/ | title=Music - Nnenna Freelon | access-date=April 22, 2010 | publisher=Nnenna Freelon}}</ref>
* [[Brian Ray]], guitarist for Paul McCartney, released a rock-flavored version of the song in 2005.
* [[Brian Ray]], guitarist for Paul McCartney, released a rock-flavored version of the song in 2005.


== Other uses ==
== Other uses ==
* The song provides the template for the [[bassline]] of the 1987 hit "[[When Smokey Sings]]", by the [[New wave music|New Wave]] band [[ABC (band)|ABC]], from their album ''[[Alphabet City (album)|Alphabet City]]''.<ref name="Porter">{{cite news |last1=Porter |first1=Christopher |title=ABC, 'When Smokey Sings |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/express/wp/2008/08/25/abc_when_smokey_sings/ |work=The Washington Post |date=2008-08-25}}</ref>
* The song provides the template for the [[bassline]] of the 1987 hit "[[When Smokey Sings]]", by the [[New wave music|New Wave]] band [[ABC (band)|ABC]], from their album ''[[Alphabet City (album)|Alphabet City]]''.<ref name="Porter">{{cite news |last1=Porter |first1=Christopher |title=ABC, 'When Smokey Sings |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/express/wp/2008/08/25/abc_when_smokey_sings/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=August 25, 2008}}</ref>
* The song is mentioned in [[Roxette]]'s song "[[Spending My Time]]" from the 1991 album ''[[Joyride (Roxette album)|Joyride]]''.{{cn}}
* The song is mentioned in [[Roxette]]'s song "[[Spending My Time]]" from the 1991 album ''[[Joyride (Roxette album)|Joyride]]''.{{cn|date=April 2024}}


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 1970 (U.S.)]]
* [[List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 1970 (U.S.)]]
* [[Vesti la giubba]]
* "[[Vesti la giubba]]"


==References==
==References==
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* [http://www.superseventies.com/sw_tearsofaclown.html "The Tears of a Clown" at ''Superseventies.com'']
* [http://www.superseventies.com/sw_tearsofaclown.html "The Tears of a Clown" at ''Superseventies.com'']
* [https://secondhandsongs.com/work/4152/versions#nav-entity List of cover versions of "The Tears of a Clown"] at SecondHandSongs.com
* [https://secondhandsongs.com/work/4152/versions#nav-entity List of cover versions of "The Tears of a Clown"] at SecondHandSongs.com
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tcd9N62nOLg "Smokey Robinson & The Miracles - Tears Of A Clown (1967)" at YouTube]


{{Smokey Robinson}}
{{Smokey Robinson}}
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[[Category:Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles]]
[[Category:Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles]]
[[Category:Cashbox number-one singles]]
[[Category:Cashbox number-one singles]]
[[Category:UK Singles Chart number-one singles]]
[[Category:UK singles chart number-one singles]]
[[Category:Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients]]
[[Category:Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients]]
[[Category:Motown singles]]
[[Category:Motown singles]]

Latest revision as of 21:23, 12 December 2024

This article is about the song by Smokey Robinson & the Miracles. For the album featuring the song, see Make It Happen (Smokey Robinson and the Miracles album). For other uses, see Tears of a Clown.
"The Tears of a Clown"
Single by Smokey Robinson & the Miracles
from the album Make It Happen (aka The Tears of a Clown)
B-side"Promise Me"
ReleasedJuly 1970 (UK)
September 24, 1970 (US)
Recorded1967[1]
StudioHitsville U.S.A. (Studio A), Detroit
Genre
Length3:02
LabelTamla
T 54199
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)Hank Cosby and Smokey Robinson
Smokey Robinson & the Miracles singles chronology
"Who's Gonna Take the Blame"
(1970) 		"The Tears of a Clown"
(1970) 		"I Don't Blame You at All"
(1971)
Music video
Smokey Robinson & The Miracles - "The Tears Of A Clown" on YouTube

"The Tears of a Clown" is a song written by Hank Cosby, Smokey Robinson, and Stevie Wonder and originally recorded by Smokey Robinson & the Miracles for the Tamla Records label subsidiary of Motown, first appearing on the 1967 album Make It Happen. The track was re-released in the United Kingdom as a single in July 1970, and it became a number-one hit on the UK Singles Chart for the week ending September 12, 1970. Subsequently, Motown released a partially re-recorded and completely remixed version as a single in the United States as well, where it quickly became a number-one hit on both the Billboard Hot 100 and R&B Singles charts.[3]

This song is an international multi-million seller and a 2002 Grammy Hall of Fame inductee. Its success led Miracles lead singer, songwriter, and producer Smokey Robinson, who had announced plans to leave the act, to stay until 1972. In 2021, it was listed at No. 313 on Rolling Stone's "Top 500 Greatest Songs of All Time".[4]

History

[edit]

Origins

[edit]

Stevie Wonder (who was discovered by Miracles member Ronnie White) and his producer Hank Cosby wrote the music for the song, and Cosby produced the instrumental track recording. Wonder brought the instrumental track to the 1966 Motown Christmas party because he could not come up with a lyric to fit the instrumental.[5] Wonder wanted to see what Robinson could come up with for the track.[5] Robinson, who remarked that the song's distinctive calliope motif "sounded like a circus," provided lyrics that reflected his vision and sang lead vocal. In the song, his character, sad because a woman has left him, compares himself to the characters in the opera Pagliacci, comedians/clowns who hide their hurt and anger behind empty smiles.[5] He had used this comparison before: the line "just like Pagliacci did/I'll try to keep my sadness hid" appears in this song as well as in "My Smile Is Just a Frown (Turned Upside Down)", which he had written in 1964 for Motown artist Carolyn Crawford. The record is one of the few hit pop singles to feature the bassoon, which was played by Charles R. Sirard.[6]

"The Tears of a Clown" was an album track on 1967's Make It Happen but was not released as a single. "The Tears of a Clown" on the monaural version of Make It Happen contains an alternate lead vocal with a slightly different verse melody. By 1969, Robinson had become tired of constantly touring with the Miracles, and wanted to remain home in Detroit, Michigan, with his wife Claudette and their two children, Berry and Tamla (both named after aspects of the Motown corporation). Robinson informed his groupmates Pete Moore, Bobby Rogers, and best friend Ronald White that he would be retiring from the act to concentrate on his duties as vice-president of Motown Records.

Commercial success

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In 1970, to capitalize on the Miracles' success, and due to a lack of new material from the group, Motown Britain selected "The Tears of a Clown" from the group's catalog for single release. One account suggests it was Karen Spreadbury, head of the British division of the Motown Fan Club, who first recommended the track to John Reid, then UK manager for the American Tamla Motown label, who went on to manage Elton John and Queen, when he asked her which track she'd favor as a single from the 1967 album.[7] Reid reportedly then gave the go ahead for “Tears of a Clown” to be issued as the single.[8] The record became a #1 hit in the UK seven weeks after its July release.

This newfound popularity prompted Motown to release the song as a single in the United States, using a new mix of the song made in February 1970 (whereas the UK release had used the original 1967 stereo mix from the Make It Happen LP). Cash Box said of the US single release that it was a "brilliant return to the heyday sound of the Miracles," calling it "bright blues rock that hasn't been heard here for a long while."[9] It became a #1 hit on both the pop and R&B charts within two months of its release. Despite the fact that the Miracles had been one of Motown's premier acts in the early and mid-1960s and its first successful group act, "The Tears of a Clown" was their first and only #1 hit while Smokey Robinson was lead singer. (The Miracles hit #1 again several years later with the smash hit "Love Machine", but by that time Smokey had long since left the group, replaced by Billy Griffin. "Shop Around" had hit #1 on the Cash Box Pop Chart, but only #2 on Billboard's.)

The 45 single was issued with two different B-sides: the first pressing had an alternate version of the 1967 Miracles Top 20 hit single "The Love I Saw in You Was Just a Mirage;" the second had a new Miracles song, "Promise Me". Motown released a Tears of a Clown LP in 1970 as well, which was essentially a re-packaging of the Miracles' 1967 Make It Happen. It was included again on the group's 1971 LP One Dozen Roses, which used a new stereo mix.

Two years later, Smokey Robinson decided to follow through with his plans to leave the Miracles and retire. Smokey Robinson & the Miracles embarked on a six-month farewell tour, culminating in a July 16, 1972, performance in Washington, DC, where Robinson introduced the Miracles' new lead singer, Billy Griffin.

The song charted again in the UK in 1976, peaking at number 34 (see The Miracles discography).

Personnel

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The Miracles

Other personnel

  • Written by Stevie Wonder, Hank Cosby, and William "Smokey" Robinson
  • Produced by Hank Cosby and William "Smokey" Robinson
  • Charles R. Sirard – bassoon
  • Mike Terry – baritone saxophone
  • Melvin Davis – drums
  • Other instrumentation by the Funk Brothers
    • There is some uncertainty about who from the Motown session musicians the Funk Brothers played bass on the recording. Variously Tony Newton, Bob Babbitt, and James Jamerson have been noted as playing on takes of the song. It is speculated that Jamerson performed on the original track. When Motown prepared the song for a US single release in 1970, they dubbed in new drums and bass.[10] Babbitt is credited as playing bass on the 1970 dub.[11]

Charts

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Certifications

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Certifications for "The Tears of a Clown"
Region Certification Certified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[22] Silver 200,000‡

‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

The Beat version

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"Tears of a Clown"
Original 2 Tone cover
Single by the Beat
A-side"Ranking Full Stop" (double A-side)
ReleasedNovember 30, 1979[23]
Genre
Length2:39
Label
Songwriter(s)
  • Hank Cosby
  • Smokey Robinson
  • Stevie Wonder
Producer(s)Bob Sargeant
The Beat singles chronology
"Tears of a Clown"
(1979) 		"Hands Off...She's Mine"
(1980)
Official audio
"The Tears of a Clown" on YouTube

In November 1979, the British ska/new wave band the Beat released a cover of the song as their debut single on the 2 Tone label. The double A-side with "Ranking Full Stop" reached number 6 on the UK Singles Chart, making it the band's third biggest hit.[26] It was also certified silver in the UK by the BPI.[23]

It was not included on the original UK release of The Beat's debut album, I Just Can't Stop It, but was included on the US release and has been included on subsequent CD reissues of the album.[citation needed]

Personnel

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Credits are adapted from the liner notes for I Just Can't Stop It.[27]

Charts

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Chart (1980) Peak
position
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[28] 23
Ireland (IRMA)[29] 16
UK Singles (OCC)[26] 6

Other recordings

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  • In late 1993, Australian punk-rock band Caligula had an Australian #25 hit with the song.
  • Phil Collins recorded it as a B-side to his song "Wake Up Call", taken from his 2002 album Testify, and later re-recorded it during the sessions of his 2010 album Going Back.
  • Jazz artist Nnenna Freelon included the song both on her 2002 studio album Tales of Wonder and in a live setting on her 2008 best-of compilation Better Than Anything: The Quintessential Nnenna Freelon.[30]
  • Brian Ray, guitarist for Paul McCartney, released a rock-flavored version of the song in 2005.

Other uses

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ James E. Perone (2006). The Sound of Stevie Wonder: His Words and Music. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 118. ISBN 9780275987237.
  2. ^ Breihan, Tom (January 17, 2018). "The Number Ones: Smokey Robinson & The Miracles' "The Tears Of A Clown"". Stereogum. Retrieved June 16, 2023. "The Tears Of A Clown" is also just a formally impeccable pop song...
  3. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942–2004. Record Research. p. 404.
  4. ^ "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. September 15, 2021. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
  5. ^ a b c Spectacle with Elvis Costello, 2009
  6. ^ ""Charles Sirad" at International Double Reed Society". Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
  7. ^ "'Tears of a Clown': When Fortune Smiled on Smokey Robinson". October 17, 2020.
  8. ^ "Elton John and John Reid's Relationship Imploded After What We See in 'Rocketman'". May 30, 2019.
  9. ^ "CashBox Record Reviews" (PDF). Cash Box. October 10, 1970. p. 28. Retrieved December 9, 2021.
  10. ^ "Who Played Bass On Tears Of A Clown...? topic". July 17, 2012.
  11. ^ The Complete Motown Singles Vol. 10: 1970 [liner notes]. New York: Hip-O Select/Motown/Universal Records
  12. ^ "Top 100 Singles". Top100singles.net. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
  13. ^ "Smokey Robinson & the Miracles – The Tears of a Clown" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved November 29, 2020.
  14. ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – The Tears of a Clown". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved June 22, 2017.
  15. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Single 1970" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Hung Medien. Retrieved February 25, 2018.
  16. ^ "Miracles songs and albums | full Official Chart history". Official Charts Company. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
  17. ^ Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–1990 – ISBN 0-89820-089-X
  18. ^ "The Miracles Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
  19. ^ "Cash Box Top 100 Singles, December 12, 1970". Archived from the original on June 8, 2015. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  20. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Single 1970" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Hung Medien. Retrieved February 25, 2018.
  21. ^ UK Year-end charts 1970
  22. ^ "British single certifications – Smokey Robinson & The Miracles – The Tears of a Clown". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  23. ^ a b "BRIT Certified Award – Beat – Tears Of A Clown". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
  24. ^ a b Chick, Stevie (2015). "The Beat - "Save It for Later". In Dimery, Robert (ed.). 1001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die. New York: Universe. p. 515.
  25. ^ a b c Bradley, Larry (November 4, 2014). "The 1970s: The Beat - "Tears of a Clown". The Alternative Jukebox. Cassell. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-84403-789-6.
  26. ^ a b "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
  27. ^ I Just Can't Stop It (liner notes). The Beat. Go-Feet Records. 1980. BEAT 1.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  28. ^ "The Beat – Tears of a Clown" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
  29. ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Tears of a Clown". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
  30. ^ "Music - Nnenna Freelon". Nnenna Freelon. Retrieved April 22, 2010.
  31. ^ Porter, Christopher (August 25, 2008). "ABC, 'When Smokey Sings". The Washington Post.
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