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{{About|the term's usage in association football|the Australian rules football-related organisation|Anti-Football League}}
{{About|the term's usage in association football|the Australian rules football-related organisation|Anti-Football League}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2021}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2021}}
{{synthesis|date=September 2010}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}


"'''Anti-football'''" is a playing style in [[association football|football]] that emphasizes a highly defensive and aggressive approach, relying mainly on passing and involving the deployment of all team members except the striker behind the ball. The goal of the tactic is to prevent the opposing team from scoring, rather than pursuing an offensive strategy to win the game.
"'''Anti-football'''" is a playing style in [[association football]] that emphasizes a highly defensive and aggressive approach, relying mainly on passing and involving the deployment of all team members except the striker behind the ball. The goal of the tactic is to prevent the opposing team from scoring, rather than pursuing an offensive strategy to win the game.


The term is also used to describe teams that intentionally prevent the game from progressing by kicking the ball forward without attempting to reach any players, engaging in acts of diving and time-wasting, and kicking the ball away during free kicks. Such actions often result in a yellow card.
The term is also used to describe teams that intentionally prevent the game from progressing by kicking the ball forward without attempting to reach any players, engaging in acts of diving and time-wasting, and kicking the ball away during free kicks. Such actions often result in a yellow card.
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== History and usage ==
== History and usage ==
The term "anti-football" has been used in English since at least 2001, when [[Gary Armstrong (footballer)|Gary Armstrong]] and Richard Giulianotti used it in their book ''Fear and Loathing in World Football'' to describe the tactics of Argentine club [[Estudiantes de La Plata]] during the 1968 [[Intercontinental Cup (football)|Copa Intercontinental]]. They cited a 1968 editorial in the Argentine sports magazine [[El Gráfico (Argentina)|El Gráfico]] that had used the phrase.<ref>{{cite book |author=Gary Armstrong & Richard Giulianotti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HKAeC-Zpw9YC&q=%22anti+football%22+2001&pg=RA6-PA242 |title=Fear and Loathing in World Football |year=2001 |isbn=978-1859734636 |pages=242| publisher=Berg Publishers }}</ref>
The term "anti-football" has been used in English since at least 2001, when [[Gary Armstrong (footballer)|Gary Armstrong]] and Richard Giulianotti used it in their book ''Fear and Loathing in World Football'' to describe the tactics of Argentine club [[Estudiantes de La Plata]] during the 1968 [[Intercontinental Cup (1960–2004)|Copa Intercontinental]]. They cited a 1968 editorial in the Argentine sports magazine [[El Gráfico (Argentina)|El Gráfico]] that had used the phrase.<ref>{{cite book |author=Gary Armstrong & Richard Giulianotti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HKAeC-Zpw9YC&q=%22anti+football%22+2001&pg=RA6-PA242 |title=Fear and Loathing in World Football |year=2001 |isbn=978-1859734636 |pages=242| publisher=Berg Publishers }}</ref>


[[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]]'s [[Cesc Fàbregas]] used the phrase to describe the style of play in the [[Premier League|English Premier League]] after a frustrating 1-0 defeat to [[West Ham United F.C.|West Ham United]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Sheppard |first=David |date=10 November 2006 |title=Fabregas slates the 'anti-football' of Premiership rivals |work=ESPN |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=390941 |url-status=live |access-date=30 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207010855/http://www.espnfc.com/story/390941 |archive-date=7 February 2018}}</ref> In 2007, Fàbregas had a heated exchange with fellow ex-Barcelona player, [[Blackburn Rovers F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]] manager [[Mark Hughes]], who defended his team's style of play.<ref>{{cite news |author=Michael Wade |date=19 April 2011 |title=Six of the best: Cesc Fabregas run-ins |work=Talksport |url=https://talksport.com/magazine/features/2011-04-19/six-best-cesc-fabregas-run-ins}}</ref>
[[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]]'s [[Cesc Fàbregas]] used the phrase to describe the style of play in the [[Premier League|English Premier League]] after a frustrating 1-0 defeat to [[West Ham United F.C.|West Ham United]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Sheppard |first=David |date=10 November 2006 |title=Fabregas slates the 'anti-football' of Premiership rivals |work=ESPN |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=390941 |url-status=dead |access-date=30 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207010855/http://www.espnfc.com/story/390941 |archive-date=7 February 2018}}</ref> In 2007, Fàbregas had a heated exchange with fellow ex-Barcelona player, [[Blackburn Rovers F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]] manager [[Mark Hughes]], who defended his team's style of play.<ref>{{cite news |author=Michael Wade |date=19 April 2011 |title=Six of the best: Cesc Fabregas run-ins |work=Talksport |url=https://talksport.com/magazine/features/2011-04-19/six-best-cesc-fabregas-run-ins}}</ref>


During their run to the [[2008 UEFA Cup final|2008 UEFA Cup Final]], [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]] manager [[Walter Smith]] deployed an ultra-defensive strategy dubbed "[[Catenaccio|Watenaccio]]" (a reference to the defensive system ''Catenaccio'', which was popularised in the 1960s in Italian football).<ref>{{cite news |date=1 January 2010 |title=Forget Watenaccio – Walter Smith's Rangers can go for Celtic's jugular |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2010/jan/01/walter-smith-rangers-celtic-spl |access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=14 May 2008 |title=Uefa Cup final tactics |work=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7400437.stm |access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref> The tactics drew criticism from opposition players, including Barcelona's [[Lionel Messi]], who described them as "anti-football" after failing to score against Rangers in a 0-0 draw.<ref>{{cite news |date=24 October 2007 |title=Rangers played anti-football, bemoans Messi |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/oct/24/championsleague4 |access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=24 October 2007 |title=Barcelona's Lionel Messi hits out at Rangers |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2324036/Barcelonas-Lionel-Messi-hits-out-at-Rangers.html |access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref>
During their run to the [[2008 UEFA Cup final|2008 UEFA Cup Final]], [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]] manager [[Walter Smith]] deployed an ultra-defensive strategy dubbed "[[Catenaccio|Watenaccio]]" (a reference to the defensive system ''Catenaccio'', which was popularised in the 1960s in Italian football).<ref>{{cite news |date=1 January 2010 |title=Forget Watenaccio – Walter Smith's Rangers can go for Celtic's jugular |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2010/jan/01/walter-smith-rangers-celtic-spl |access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=14 May 2008 |title=Uefa Cup final tactics |work=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/7400437.stm |access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref> The tactics drew criticism from opposition players, including Barcelona's [[Lionel Messi]], who described them as "anti-football" after failing to score against Rangers in a 0-0 draw.<ref>{{cite news |date=24 October 2007 |title=Rangers played anti-football, bemoans Messi |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/oct/24/championsleague4 |access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=24 October 2007 |title=Barcelona's Lionel Messi hits out at Rangers |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2324036/Barcelonas-Lionel-Messi-hits-out-at-Rangers.html |access-date=4 January 2014}}</ref>
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[[Vietnam national football team|Vietnam]] manager [[Henrique Calisto]] used the phrase "anti-football" after his team's defeat to the [[Philippines national football team|Philippines]] at the [[2010 AFF Championship|2010 AFF Suzuki Cup]] group stage in Vietnam.<ref>{{cite news |date=2010-12-06 |title=Historic victory leaves McMenemy bewildered |work=AFF Suzuki Cup 2010 |url=http://www.affsuzukicup.com/_webapp_735740/Historic_victory_leaves_McMenemy_bewildered |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207052857/http://www.affsuzukicup.com/_webapp_735740/Historic_victory_leaves_McMenemy_bewildered |archive-date=7 December 2010}}</ref>
[[Vietnam national football team|Vietnam]] manager [[Henrique Calisto]] used the phrase "anti-football" after his team's defeat to the [[Philippines national football team|Philippines]] at the [[2010 AFF Championship|2010 AFF Suzuki Cup]] group stage in Vietnam.<ref>{{cite news |date=2010-12-06 |title=Historic victory leaves McMenemy bewildered |work=AFF Suzuki Cup 2010 |url=http://www.affsuzukicup.com/_webapp_735740/Historic_victory_leaves_McMenemy_bewildered |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207052857/http://www.affsuzukicup.com/_webapp_735740/Historic_victory_leaves_McMenemy_bewildered |archive-date=7 December 2010}}</ref>


After [[Belgium national football team|Belgium]]'s defeat to [[France national football team|France]] in the semi-finals of the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]], Belgium goalkeeper [[Thibaut Courtois]] accused the French team of playing "anti-football" for their defensive tactics despite having significantly more shots on goal and less possession than Belgium.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kalinic |first=Dejan |date=2018-07-10 |title=Belgium loss to France: Les Bleus are 'an anti-football team', says Thibaut Courtois |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/world-cup-2018-france-belgium-thibaut-courtois/12nasz5kkb03y1tc6vo416hl03 |access-date=2020-10-01 |website=Goal.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Taylor |first=Daniel |date=2018-07-10 |title=Samuel Umtiti header puts France in World Cup final with win over Belgium |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jul/10/france-belgium-world-cup-semi-final-match-report |access-date=2020-10-01 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He later apologized for the comments.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Min |first=90 |date=2018-07-15 |title=Chelsea's Thibaut Courtois Apologises to France & Backtracks on His Criticism of Les Bleus' Tactics |url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2018/07/15/chelseas-thibaut-courtois-apologises-france-backtracks-his-criticism-les-bleus-tactics |access-date=2023-11-21 |website=Sports Illustrated |language=en-us}}</ref>
After [[Belgium national football team|Belgium]]'s defeat to [[France national football team|France]] in the semi-finals of the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]], Belgium goalkeeper [[Thibaut Courtois]] accused the French team of playing "anti-football" for their defensive tactics despite having significantly more shots on goal and less possession than Belgium.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kalinic |first=Dejan |date=2018-07-10 |title=Belgium loss to France: Les Bleus are 'an anti-football team', says Thibaut Courtois |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/world-cup-2018-france-belgium-thibaut-courtois/12nasz5kkb03y1tc6vo416hl03 |access-date=2020-10-01 |website=Goal.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Taylor |first=Daniel |date=2018-07-10 |title=Samuel Umtiti header puts France in World Cup final with win over Belgium |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jul/10/france-belgium-world-cup-semi-final-match-report |access-date=2020-10-01 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> He later apologized for the comments.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2018-07-15 |title=Chelsea's Thibaut Courtois Apologises to France & Backtracks on His Criticism of Les Bleus' Tactics |url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2018/07/15/chelseas-thibaut-courtois-apologises-france-backtracks-his-criticism-les-bleus-tactics |access-date=2023-11-21 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |language=en-us}}</ref>

In the 2020's the phrase "[[Haram]] ball" became popular on [[twitter]] as an alternative name for anti-football.


== See also ==
== See also ==

Latest revision as of 23:29, 12 December 2024

This article is about the term's usage in association football. For the Australian rules football-related organisation, see Anti-Football League.

"Anti-football" is a playing style in association football that emphasizes a highly defensive and aggressive approach, relying mainly on passing and involving the deployment of all team members except the striker behind the ball. The goal of the tactic is to prevent the opposing team from scoring, rather than pursuing an offensive strategy to win the game.

The term is also used to describe teams that intentionally prevent the game from progressing by kicking the ball forward without attempting to reach any players, engaging in acts of diving and time-wasting, and kicking the ball away during free kicks. Such actions often result in a yellow card.

UEFA, the governing body of football in Europe, offers a fair play prize to teams that prioritize fair play, including avoiding anti-football tactics. Teams that seek to "unlock" the game by playing offensively, taking risks, retaining possession, and avoiding fouls, receive higher fair play scores. The three highest-rated teams in Europe automatically qualified for the Europa League from 1995 to the 2014-15 season. They continue to receive a monetary reward for their fair play.

History and usage

[edit]

The term "anti-football" has been used in English since at least 2001, when Gary Armstrong and Richard Giulianotti used it in their book Fear and Loathing in World Football to describe the tactics of Argentine club Estudiantes de La Plata during the 1968 Copa Intercontinental. They cited a 1968 editorial in the Argentine sports magazine El Gráfico that had used the phrase.[1]

Arsenal's Cesc Fàbregas used the phrase to describe the style of play in the English Premier League after a frustrating 1-0 defeat to West Ham United.[2] In 2007, Fàbregas had a heated exchange with fellow ex-Barcelona player, Blackburn Rovers manager Mark Hughes, who defended his team's style of play.[3]

During their run to the 2008 UEFA Cup Final, Rangers manager Walter Smith deployed an ultra-defensive strategy dubbed "Watenaccio" (a reference to the defensive system Catenaccio, which was popularised in the 1960s in Italian football).[4][5] The tactics drew criticism from opposition players, including Barcelona's Lionel Messi, who described them as "anti-football" after failing to score against Rangers in a 0-0 draw.[6][7]

In 2010, Johan Cruyff applied the term "anti-football" to the style of play used by the Netherlands in the FIFA World Cup final against Spain. He criticized the Dutch team for renouncing their commitment to attacking and entertaining football and for playing "dirty". Other commentators had already described the Dutch style of play during the tournament as "anti-football".[8]

Vietnam manager Henrique Calisto used the phrase "anti-football" after his team's defeat to the Philippines at the 2010 AFF Suzuki Cup group stage in Vietnam.[9]

After Belgium's defeat to France in the semi-finals of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, Belgium goalkeeper Thibaut Courtois accused the French team of playing "anti-football" for their defensive tactics despite having significantly more shots on goal and less possession than Belgium.[10][11] He later apologized for the comments.[12]

In the 2020's the phrase "Haram ball" became popular on twitter as an alternative name for anti-football.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Gary Armstrong & Richard Giulianotti (2001). Fear and Loathing in World Football. Berg Publishers. p. 242. ISBN 978-1859734636.
  2. ^ Sheppard, David (10 November 2006). "Fabregas slates the 'anti-football' of Premiership rivals". ESPN. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
  3. ^ Michael Wade (19 April 2011). "Six of the best: Cesc Fabregas run-ins". Talksport.
  4. ^ "Forget Watenaccio – Walter Smith's Rangers can go for Celtic's jugular". The Guardian. 1 January 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  5. ^ "Uefa Cup final tactics". BBC. 14 May 2008. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  6. ^ "Rangers played anti-football, bemoans Messi". The Guardian. 24 October 2007. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  7. ^ "Barcelona's Lionel Messi hits out at Rangers". The Telegraph. 24 October 2007. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  8. ^ "World Cup final: Johan Cruyff hits out at 'anti-football' Holland". The Guardian. 12 July 2010.
  9. ^ "Historic victory leaves McMenemy bewildered". AFF Suzuki Cup 2010. 6 December 2010. Archived from the original on 7 December 2010.
  10. ^ Kalinic, Dejan (10 July 2018). "Belgium loss to France: Les Bleus are 'an anti-football team', says Thibaut Courtois". Goal.com. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
  11. ^ Taylor, Daniel (10 July 2018). "Samuel Umtiti header puts France in World Cup final with win over Belgium". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
  12. ^ "Chelsea's Thibaut Courtois Apologises to France & Backtracks on His Criticism of Les Bleus' Tactics". Sports Illustrated. 15 July 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
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