Cine film: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Film format}} |
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{{Redirect|Cine|the Turkish town and district|Çine|medical imaging modes called cine|fluoroscopy|the non-profit organization|CINE}} |
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[[File:Pathé-Baby hand movie camera (right).jpg|thumb|Pathé-Baby 9.5 mm movie camera of 1923, known in Britain as a cine camera]] |
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'''Ciné''' (sometimes ''Cine'') is usually used to refer to one or more of the home movie formats including [[8 mm film|8 mm]], [[9.5 mm film|9.5 mm]], [[16 mm film]], and [[Super 8 mm film|Super 8]]. It is not generally used to refer to [[video]] formats or professional formats. |
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'''Ciné film''' or '''cine film''' is the term commonly used in the [[UK]] and historically in the US to refer to the [[8 mm film|8 mm]], [[Super 8 film|Super 8]], [[9.5 mm film|9.5 mm]], and [[16 mm film|16 mm]] motion picture [[photographic film|film]] formats used for [[home movies]]. It is not normally used to refer to professional formats such as [[35mm movie film|35 mm]] or [[70 mm film|70 mm]] film, and is incorrect if applied to any [[video]] format. In the US, "movie film" is the common informal term for all formats and "motion picture film" the formal one. |
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Cine started the expanding revolution of 'play at home' movies. |
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Although there had been earlier attempts, typically employing larger formats, the introduction of the 9.5 mm and 16 mm formats in the early 1920s finally succeeded in introducing the practice of showing rented "play-at-home" copies of professionally made films, which, in the case of feature-length films, were usually much shortened from the originals. |
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Cine film started out expensive, but as it became cheaper the format started the craze of home recording. 50 ft reels were purchased for recording important events such as weddings and funerals. |
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More significantly, these new cine film gauges were the first truly practical formats for making casual amateur "home movies" of vacation trips, family gatherings, and important events such as weddings. Amateur dramas and comedies were sometimes filmed, usually just for fun and without any aspiration to artistic merit. On occasion, professional filmmakers employed cine film for cost-saving reasons, or to evoke a particular aesthetic effect.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W79HRUVqw9MC|title=Visual Methods in Social Research|last=Banks|first=Marcus|date=2001-05-01|publisher=SAGE|isbn=978-0-7619-6364-6|language=en}}</ref> |
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However, sales started to decline in the early 1970's with the introduction of 16mm film. |
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[[File:Pathebaby 24.jpg|thumb|Pathe Baby movie projector for film format 9.5 mm cine film from 1924]] |
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Amateur 16 mm film-making was an expensive hobby limited to the affluent. The 9.5 mm format made more efficient use of film and was not quite so costly. The 8 mm format, introduced in 1932, consumed only one-quarter as much film as 16 mm and finally made home movies a reasonably affordable luxury for the many. Eventually, the 16 mm format came to be used mostly for commercial, educational and industrial purposes as a cost-cutting, compact alternative to 35 mm film that produced an acceptably sharp and bright image on smaller screens. |
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Cine film, being commonly available, was also used to record scientific data, such as observations of animal behaviour<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Poole|first=Trevor B.|date=1974-07-01|title=Detailed analysis of fighting in polecats (Mustelidae) using ciné film|journal=[[Journal of Zoology]]|language=en|volume=173|issue=3|pages=369–393|doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.1974.tb04121.x|issn=1469-7998}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nlg9I-jGccIC|title=Video Techniques in Animal Ecology and Behaviour|last=Wratten|first=Steve|date=1993-12-31|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-0-412-46640-3|language=en}}</ref> and human [[Gait (human)|gait]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sutherland|first=David H|title=The evolution of clinical gait analysis part l: kinesiological EMG|journal=Gait & Posture|volume=14|issue=1|pages=61–70|doi=10.1016/s0966-6362(01)00100-x|year=2001|pmid=11378426 }}</ref> In some cases, such as studies of [[fluid dynamics]], recording was done onto cine film at higher speeds than those used in home movies.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hernan|first1=Miguel A.|last2=Jimenez|first2=Javier|date=1982|title=Computer analysis of a high-speed film of the plane turbulent mixing layer|journal=Journal of Fluid Mechanics|volume=119|pages=323–345|doi=10.1017/s0022112082001372|bibcode=1982JFM...119..323H |s2cid=121440856 |issn=1469-7645}}</ref> |
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In the mid 1970's, video cameras, hitherto beyond the financial reach of all but the richest amateur, became cheaper and smaller. By the early 80s the writing was on the wall for cine film as a mass media item, though even to the present day all the film formats mentioned above are still supported with new film stock and processing - albeit on a much smaller scale. |
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In the mid-1970s, [[Betamax]] and [[VHS]] home [[videocassette]] recorders were introduced. Color video cameras, previously beyond the financial reach of all but the richest amateurs,{{Citation needed|date=March 2020}} gradually became cheaper and smaller. Battery-powered [[camcorder]]s combined the recorder and the camera into one portable and increasingly compact and affordable unit. By the early 1980s an hour of blank videotape cost no more than a three-minute 50-foot roll of 8 mm film, in substantial part because of costs associated with the latter's chemical processing. The writing was on the wall for cine film as a mass market item, though even in the early 2010s all the film formats mentioned above were still supported with new film stock and processing, albeit only from a very few specialist suppliers. |
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In the medical information vernacular cine refers to 30 fps flueroscopy images of the heart taken during injection of contrast dye to better visualize |
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regions of stenosis. |
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Since cine film is now an obsolete format, some companies offer a service whereby these films are converted to modern formats such as [[DVD]], and hobbyists have devised ways of performing the transfer with do-it-yourself equipment.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/advice/8670347/How-do-I-convert-cine-film-to-digital-format.html|title=How do I convert cine film to digital format?|last=Maybury|first=Rick|date=2011-08-03|work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|access-date=2018-01-22|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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[[Category: medical information terminology]] |
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== Further reading == |
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[[no:Smalfilm]] |
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*[https://books.google.com/books?id=pgb7CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA18 Moving Images: From Edison to the Webcam] |
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{{Authority control}} |
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'''www.switchtodvd.co.uk''' have a purpose built studio to proudly convert your precious Cine film. We understand that your Cine film is very precious and that you may not of seen this for many years. Let our professionals transfer your Cine film to a high quality DVD ready for you to instantly watch within the comfort of your own home. |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Cine Film}} |
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If you view our example pictures above you can see the difference in your Cine pictures. As your Cine is about 30 years old the colour will not be as sharp as it was many years ago. We have the very latest of equipment purchased January 2008 to make the colour as sharp and crisp as the day the Cine was recorded. Our camera lens is the 3CCD version which no other Cine conversion company will state they use which is why we convert over 10,000 ft of Cine each week for our valuable customers. |
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You may be suprised what film is held on a Cine reel, your Mums and Dads wedding or your very first house when you were a baby. We are certain that the your Cine film will be priceless and that you watch your DVD with your mouth wide open and those memories flooding back. Most Cine we convert is silent so if this is the case with your reels we give you the option for us to add soft background music for no charge whatsoever. |
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If you have archives of Cine reels tucked away in the loft we are able to transfer all these on to DVD. No more retrieving the projector from the garage, just open the DVD case and play. We shall transfer your Cine film to DVD and place a sequence of picture chapter menus along the way. We offer easy navigation as our transfer to DVD is user friendly. |
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We can transfer your Standard 8mm, Super 8mm and 16mm straight onto a DVD within 14 days. We place your DVD in a hardback case and print the title of your Cine film directly on to the DVD. If you require additional copies the option will be available to you for a fraction of the price in the checkout section on completing you order |
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Prices start from just £8.00 just visit www.switchtodvd.co.uk/Switchtodvd/cine2dvd.html |
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Latest revision as of 06:38, 14 December 2024
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Ciné film or cine film is the term commonly used in the UK and historically in the US to refer to the 8 mm, Super 8, 9.5 mm, and 16 mm motion picture film formats used for home movies. It is not normally used to refer to professional formats such as 35 mm or 70 mm film, and is incorrect if applied to any video format. In the US, "movie film" is the common informal term for all formats and "motion picture film" the formal one.
Cine film literally means "moving" film, deriving from the Greek "kine" for motion; it also has roots in the Anglo-French word cinematograph, meaning moving picture.
Although there had been earlier attempts, typically employing larger formats, the introduction of the 9.5 mm and 16 mm formats in the early 1920s finally succeeded in introducing the practice of showing rented "play-at-home" copies of professionally made films, which, in the case of feature-length films, were usually much shortened from the originals.
More significantly, these new cine film gauges were the first truly practical formats for making casual amateur "home movies" of vacation trips, family gatherings, and important events such as weddings. Amateur dramas and comedies were sometimes filmed, usually just for fun and without any aspiration to artistic merit. On occasion, professional filmmakers employed cine film for cost-saving reasons, or to evoke a particular aesthetic effect.[1]
Amateur 16 mm film-making was an expensive hobby limited to the affluent. The 9.5 mm format made more efficient use of film and was not quite so costly. The 8 mm format, introduced in 1932, consumed only one-quarter as much film as 16 mm and finally made home movies a reasonably affordable luxury for the many. Eventually, the 16 mm format came to be used mostly for commercial, educational and industrial purposes as a cost-cutting, compact alternative to 35 mm film that produced an acceptably sharp and bright image on smaller screens.
Cine film, being commonly available, was also used to record scientific data, such as observations of animal behaviour[2][3] and human gait.[4] In some cases, such as studies of fluid dynamics, recording was done onto cine film at higher speeds than those used in home movies.[5]
In the mid-1970s, Betamax and VHS home videocassette recorders were introduced. Color video cameras, previously beyond the financial reach of all but the richest amateurs,[citation needed] gradually became cheaper and smaller. Battery-powered camcorders combined the recorder and the camera into one portable and increasingly compact and affordable unit. By the early 1980s an hour of blank videotape cost no more than a three-minute 50-foot roll of 8 mm film, in substantial part because of costs associated with the latter's chemical processing. The writing was on the wall for cine film as a mass market item, though even in the early 2010s all the film formats mentioned above were still supported with new film stock and processing, albeit only from a very few specialist suppliers.
Since cine film is now an obsolete format, some companies offer a service whereby these films are converted to modern formats such as DVD, and hobbyists have devised ways of performing the transfer with do-it-yourself equipment.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ Banks, Marcus (2001-05-01). Visual Methods in Social Research. SAGE. ISBN 978-0-7619-6364-6.
- ^ Poole, Trevor B. (1974-07-01). "Detailed analysis of fighting in polecats (Mustelidae) using ciné film". Journal of Zoology. 173 (3): 369–393. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1974.tb04121.x. ISSN 1469-7998.
- ^ Wratten, Steve (1993-12-31). Video Techniques in Animal Ecology and Behaviour. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-0-412-46640-3.
- ^ Sutherland, David H (2001). "The evolution of clinical gait analysis part l: kinesiological EMG". Gait & Posture. 14 (1): 61–70. doi:10.1016/s0966-6362(01)00100-x. PMID 11378426.
- ^ Hernan, Miguel A.; Jimenez, Javier (1982). "Computer analysis of a high-speed film of the plane turbulent mixing layer". Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 119: 323–345. Bibcode:1982JFM...119..323H. doi:10.1017/s0022112082001372. ISSN 1469-7645. S2CID 121440856.
- ^ Maybury, Rick (2011-08-03). "How do I convert cine film to digital format?". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2018-01-22.
Further reading
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