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{{Short description|Epidemiologist and physician (1929–2018)}}
'''Walter Werner Holland''' (5 March 1929 – 14 February 2018) was an [[epidemiologist]] and [[public health]] physician.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/healthandsocialcare/2018/02/14/professor-walter-holland-1929-2018/|title=Professor Walter Holland (1929 – 2018)|date=14 February 2018|website=lse.ac.uk|accessdate=21 February 2018}}</ref>
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{EngvarB|date=February 2020}}


{{Infobox academic
| honorific_prefix = <!-- see [[MOS:CREDENTIAL]] and [[MOS:HONORIFIC]] -->
| name = Walter Werner Holland
| birth_name = <!-- use only if different from full/othernames -->
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1929|03|05}}
| birth_place = [[Teplice]]-Sanov, [[Czechoslovakia]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2018|02|09|1929|03|05}}
| death_place = London
| death_cause =
| nationality =
| citizenship = British
| other_names =
| occupation = Epidemiologist
| period =
| known_for =
| title =
| boards = <!--board or similar positions extraneous to main occupation-->
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| parents =
| relatives =
| awards = <!--notable national-level awards only-->
| education =
| alma_mater = [[St Thomas's Hospital Medical School]]
| thesis_title =
| thesis_url =
| thesis_year =
| school_tradition =
| doctoral_advisor =
| academic_advisors =
| influences = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
| era =
| discipline = Epidemiology
| sub_discipline =
| workplaces = [[St Thomas's Hospital Medical School]]
| doctoral_students = <!--only those with WP articles-->
| notable_students =
| main_interests =
| notable_works =
| notable_ideas =
| influenced = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
| website =
}}

'''Walter Werner Holland''' (5 March 1929 – 9 February 2018<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/47/2/677/4982103 |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=academic.oup.com}}</ref>) was an [[epidemiologist]] and [[public health]] physician.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/healthandsocialcare/2018/02/14/professor-walter-holland-1929-2018/|title=Professor Walter Holland (1929–2018)|date=14 February 2018|publisher=London School of Economics|accessdate=21 February 2018|archive-date=21 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221222320/http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/healthandsocialcare/2018/02/14/professor-walter-holland-1929-2018/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Walter Holland |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/lse-health/about/walter-holland |website=London School of Economics |accessdate=10 January 2024}}</ref>


==Life==
==Life==
Holland was born on March 5, 1929 in [[Teplice|Teplice-Sanov]], [[Czechoslovakia]]. His parents were Henry Holland and Hertha Zentner. With the rise of Hitler the family fled to England in 1939.<ref>Oral history - Walter Holland, Journal of Public Health Medicine, 26(2), 121-129</ref>
Holland was born on 5 March 1929 in [[Teplice]]-Sanov, [[Czechoslovakia]], part of the German-speaking [[Sudetenland]], to a Jewish family.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chinn |first1=Susan |title=Walter Werner Holland, 1929–2018 |journal= Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society|date=2018 |volume=181 |issue=3 |pages=911–912 |doi=10.1111/rssa.12371}}</ref> His parents were Henry Holland and Hertha Zentner. With the rise of Hitler the family fled to England in 1939, just in time. His grandfather who remained in Czechoslovakia died shortly afterwards but his grandmother was deported to [[Theresienstadt Ghetto| Theresienstadt
(Terezín)]] concentration camp where she perished.<ref>Oral history – Walter Holland, Journal of Public Health Medicine, 26(2), 121–129</ref>
He attended [[Rugby School]] and then went to [[St Thomas's Hospital Medical School]] where he qualified in medicine in 1954, having obtained a first degree in Physiology. He served in the [[Royal Air Force]], attached to the Epidemiological Research Laboratory at [[Colindale]], North London and, after a further appointment as Lecturer to the Department of Medicine at St Thomas's, he was made MRC Clinical Research Fellow in the Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics at the [[London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine]]. This was followed by a year in the Department of Epidemiology at [[Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health|Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene]] and then his return to St Thomas's in 1962 and his appointment to Professor in 1968.
He attended [[Rugby School]] and then went to [[St Thomas's Hospital Medical School]] where he qualified in medicine in 1954, having obtained a first degree in Physiology. He served in the [[Royal Air Force]], attached to the Epidemiological Research Laboratory at [[Colindale]], North London and, after a further appointment as Lecturer to the Department of Medicine at St Thomas's, he was made MRC Clinical Research Fellow in the Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics at the [[London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine]]. This was followed by a year in the Department of Epidemiology at [[Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health|Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene]] and then his return to St Thomas's in 1962 and his appointment to Professor in 1968.


It was at St. Thomas's that Holland developed his academic reputation. He was appointed Chair of Clinical Epidemiology and Social Medicine and established the [[Department of Community Medicine, St Thomas’s Hospital Medical School, London|Department of Community Medicine]]<ref>{{cite web|title=British Clinical Epidemiology and Walter Holland|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CM4lDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&lpg=PA150&dq=st+thomas%27s+hospital+medical+school+community+medicine&source=bl&ots=BPaIcsFWrh&sig=VYzx5xYJ2HF4K2FJ0dxYDNA72XI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiKvtO94ODXAhUHLsAKHSW0BJs4ChDoAQhOMAg#v=onepage&q=st%20thomas's%20hospital%20medical%20school%20community%20medicine&f=false|accessdate=28 November 2017}}</ref>. He subsequently established the associated Health Services Research Unit with core funding from the [[Department of Health (United Kingdom)|Department of Health]]. He assembled a large staff including epidemiologists, social scientists and statisticians. They conducted a large number of studies on epidemiology of chronic respiratory disease, blood pressure, smoking, air pollution and the application of epidemiologic principles to health services research.<ref>{{cite web|title=Evidence-Based Medicine and the Search for a Science of Clinical Care|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CM4lDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&lpg=PA150&dq=Department+of+Community+Medicine,+St+Thomas%27s+Hospital+Medical+School,+London&source=bl&ots=BPcN5rD0rh&sig=F4a9rj4PAsL1qMwYwPustol6hlw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjnrOTI0qPdAhUFD8AKHU1sAfs4ChDoATAEegQIBhAB#v=onepage&q=Department%20of%20Community%20Medicine%2C%20St%20Thomas's%20Hospital%20Medical%20School%2C%20London&f=false|accessdate=5 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Walter Werner Holland: pioneer of European public health|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.k1032.full|accessdate=12 October 2018}}</ref>
It was at St. Thomas's that Holland developed his academic reputation. He was appointed Chair of Clinical Epidemiology and Social Medicine and established the [[Department of Community Medicine, St Thomas’s Hospital Medical School, London|Department of Community Medicine]].<ref>{{cite book|title=British Clinical Epidemiology and Walter Holland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CM4lDQAAQBAJ&q=st+thomas%27s+hospital+medical+school+community+medicine&pg=PA150|accessdate=28 November 2017|isbn = 9780520243163|last1 = Daly|first1 = Jeanne|date = 11 May 2005| publisher=University of California Press }}</ref> He subsequently established the associated Health Services Research Unit with core funding from the [[Department of Health (United Kingdom)|Department of Health]]. He assembled a large staff including epidemiologists, social scientists and statisticians. They conducted a large number of studies on epidemiology of chronic respiratory disease, blood pressure, smoking, air pollution and the application of epidemiologic principles to health services research.<ref>{{cite book|title=Evidence-Based Medicine and the Search for a Science of Clinical Care|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CM4lDQAAQBAJ&q=Department+of+Community+Medicine%2C+St+Thomas%27s+Hospital+Medical+School%2C+London&pg=PA150|accessdate=5 September 2018|isbn = 9780520243163|last1 = Daly|first1 = Jeanne|date = 11 May 2005| publisher=University of California Press }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Walter Werner Holland: pioneer of European public health|year=2018|doi=10.1136/bmj.k1032|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.k1032.full|accessdate=12 October 2018|last1=McKee|first1=Martin|last2=Burney|first2=Peter|journal=BMJ|volume=360|pages=k1032|hdl=10044/1/58717|s2cid=79617295|hdl-access=free}}</ref> He established strong links with fellow public health researchers in the United States, Australia and Japan.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Memories of Dr Walter Werner Holland, Journal of Epidemiology 2018|journal=Journal of Epidemiology|volume=28|issue=9|pages=404–405|pmc=6111107|year=2018|last1=Aoki|first1=K.|last2=Yanagawa|first2=H.|last3=Kodama|first3=K.|last4=Hashimoto|first4=T.|doi=10.2188/jea.JE20180157}}</ref>

He established strong links with fellow public health researchers in the United States, Australia and Japan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Memories of Dr Walter Werner Holland, Journal of Epidemiology 2018|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6111107|accessdate=5 September 2018}}</ref>.
He was Emeritus Professor of Public Health Medicine and Visiting Professor at [[London School of Economics]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Professor Walter Holland|url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/LSEHealthAndSocialCare/whosWho/LSEHealth/profiles/wwholland@lseacuk.aspx|accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref>
He retired as Emeritus Professor of Public Health Medicine in 1994 and was appointed Visiting Professor at [[London School of Economics]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Professor Walter Holland|url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/LSEHealthAndSocialCare/whosWho/LSEHealth/profiles/wwholland@lseacuk.aspx|accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref>


==Work==
==Work==
Holland has had a very wide contribution to the development of epidemiology and public health. His groundbreaking paper on validation of medical screening procedures, published jointly with fellow epidemiologist [[Archie Cochrane]] in 1971, became a classic in the field.<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Cochrane |first1= AL |last2= Holland |first2= WW |title= Validation of screening procedures |journal= British Medical Bulletin |year= 1971 |volume= 27 |pages= 3–8 |pmid= 5100948 |issue=1}}</ref>
Holland has had a very wide contribution to the development of epidemiology and public health. His groundbreaking paper on validation of medical screening procedures, published jointly with fellow epidemiologist [[Archie Cochrane]] in 1971, became a classic in the field.<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Cochrane |first1= AL |last2= Holland |first2= WW |title= Validation of screening procedures |journal= British Medical Bulletin |year= 1971 |volume= 27 |pages= 3–8 |pmid= 5100948 |issue=1|doi= 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070810 }}</ref>


==Legacy==
⚫
==Key publications==
The London School of Economics established two prizes in his honour. These are the Walter Holland Prize for Best Dissertation and the Walter Holland Prize for Best Overall Performance which are awarded annually to MSc Global Health Policy students.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Walter Holland Fund |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/lse-health/about/The-Brian-Abel-Smith-Walter-Holland-Funds?_gl=1*1fo15y9*_ga*MTQyMDk0MzQ2Ni4xNjkzNDc1MjYy*_ga_LWTEVFESYX*MTcwNDkwMjY4NS4xMC4xLjE3MDQ5MDI3MjUuMjAuMC4w |website=London School of Economics |access-date=10 January 2024}}</ref>

⚫
==Some publications==
===Books===
===Books===
* Holland, WW. Improving Health Services,Background,Methods and Applications. Edward Elgar,Cheltenham 2013,1-271
⚫
* 1990 Holland WW, Stewart S. Screening in Health Care. Benefit of Bane? Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust, London
* 1997 Detels R, Holland WW, McEwen J, Omenn GS. Oxford Textbook of Public Health, 3rd edition.
* Holland WW, Olsen J, Florey C du V. The Development of Modern Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, London
* Holland WW. Screening in disease prevention : what works? 2005.
* 2007 Eds. WW Holland, Olsen J, Florey C du V. The Development of Modern Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, London
* Alin, S., Mossialos E, McKee M & Holland WW. Making decisions on public health: a review of eight countries. 2004
* Detels R, Holland WW, McEwen J, Omenn GS. Oxford Textbook of Public Health, 3rd edition. 1997
⚫
* Holland WW, Stewart S. Screening in Health Care. Benefit of Bane? Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust, London 1990


===Articles===
===Articles===
* Capewell, S., McCarney, M., & Holland, WW. NHS Health Checks—a naked emperor? Journal of Public Health, 2015
⚫
* Holland WW. (2000). Public health–the vision and the challenge. An attempt to analyse the issues and possible solutions. Journal of Epidemiology, 10(4), 200-15.
* Holland WW. (1999). What should be the concerns of epidemiology? International Journal of Epidemiology, 28(5), S1009-11.
* Holland, WW. Public health coming home. Journal of Public Health, 2015
* Epstein FH, Holland WW. (1983). Prevention of chronic diseases in the community–one-disease versus multiple-disease strategies. International Journal of Epidemiology, 12(2), 135-7.
* Holland, WW. Lessons from the past. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 2014,
* Holland, WW. How to improve our health services, Clinical medicine (London, England), 2014
* Holland, WW. Austerity: A failed experiment on the people of Europe. Clinical medicine (London, England). 2012.
* Holland, WW. Measuring the quality of medical care. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 2009.
* Holland WW. Healthcare for London. Clinical medicine (London, England), 2008
* Holland, WW. Healthcare for London: A Framework for Action. Clinical medicine (London, England), 2008
* Holland, WW. Public health epidemiology in the health technology assessment: risks and opportunities. European Journal of Public Health, 2007.
* Holland, WW, Stewart, S & Masseria, C. Policy Brief: Screening in Europe. 2006.
* Allin S, Mossialos E, McKee M, Holland WW. The Wanless report and decision-making in public health. Journal of Public Health, 2005.
* Holland WW. Health technology assessment and public health: A commentary. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 2004
⚫
* {{cite journal | last1 = Holland | first1 = WW | year = 2000 | title = Public health–the vision and the challenge. An attempt to analyse the issues and possible solutions | journal = Journal of Epidemiology | volume = 10 | issue = 4| pages = 200–15 | doi=10.2188/jea.10.200| pmid = 10959602 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Holland | first1 = WW | year = 1999 | title = What should be the concerns of epidemiology? | journal = International Journal of Epidemiology | volume = 28 | issue = 5| pages = S1009–11 | doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.ije.a019902| pmid = 10598006 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Epstein | first1 = FH | last2 = Holland | first2 = WW | year = 1983 | title = Prevention of chronic diseases in the community–one-disease versus multiple-disease strategies | journal = International Journal of Epidemiology | volume = 12 | issue = 2| pages = 135–7 | doi=10.1093/ije/12.2.135| pmid = 6874205 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Cochrane | first1 = AL | last2 = Holland | first2 = WW | year = 1971 | title = Validation of screening procedures | journal = British Medical Bulletin | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 3–8 | doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070810 | pmid = 5100948 | doi-access = free}}


==Awards==
==Awards==
* 1980-82 President, Section of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, [[Royal Society of Medicine]]
* 1980-82 President, Section of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, [[Royal Society of Medicine]]
* 1985 Chairman, [[Society for Social Medicine]]
* 1985 chairman, [[Society for Social Medicine]]
* 1987–90 President, [[International Epidemiological Association]]
* 1987–90 President, [[International Epidemiological Association]]
* 1989-1992 President, Faculty of Community Medicine/Public Health Medicine of the UK [[Royal College of Physicians]] in 1989.
* 1989-1992 President, Faculty of Community Medicine/Public Health Medicine of the UK [[Royal College of Physicians]] in 1989.
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Holland, Walter W.}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Holland, Walter W.}}
[[Category:1929 births]]
[[Category:1929 births]]
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[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at Rugby School]]
[[Category:People educated at Rugby School]]
[[Category:People from Teplice]]
[[Category:People from Teplice]]
[[Category:British public health doctors]]
[[Category:British public health doctors]]
[[Category:People associated with St Thomas's Hospital Medical School]]
[[Category:People associated with St Thomas's Hospital Medical School]]
⚫
[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:Czechoslovak emigrants to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Czechoslovak emigrants to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:People who emigrated to escape Nazism]]
[[Category:Jews who immigrated to the United Kingdom to escape Nazism]]

Latest revision as of 11:23, 14 December 2024


Walter Werner Holland
Born(1929-03-05)5 March 1929
Teplice-Sanov, Czechoslovakia
Died9 February 2018(2018-02-09) (aged 88)
London
CitizenshipBritish
OccupationEpidemiologist
Academic background
Alma materSt Thomas's Hospital Medical School
Academic work
DisciplineEpidemiology
InstitutionsSt Thomas's Hospital Medical School

Walter Werner Holland (5 March 1929 – 9 February 2018[1]) was an epidemiologist and public health physician.[2][3]

Life

[edit]

Holland was born on 5 March 1929 in Teplice-Sanov, Czechoslovakia, part of the German-speaking Sudetenland, to a Jewish family.[4] His parents were Henry Holland and Hertha Zentner. With the rise of Hitler the family fled to England in 1939, just in time. His grandfather who remained in Czechoslovakia died shortly afterwards but his grandmother was deported to Theresienstadt (Terezín) concentration camp where she perished.[5]

He attended Rugby School and then went to St Thomas's Hospital Medical School where he qualified in medicine in 1954, having obtained a first degree in Physiology. He served in the Royal Air Force, attached to the Epidemiological Research Laboratory at Colindale, North London and, after a further appointment as Lecturer to the Department of Medicine at St Thomas's, he was made MRC Clinical Research Fellow in the Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. This was followed by a year in the Department of Epidemiology at Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and then his return to St Thomas's in 1962 and his appointment to Professor in 1968.

It was at St. Thomas's that Holland developed his academic reputation. He was appointed Chair of Clinical Epidemiology and Social Medicine and established the Department of Community Medicine.[6] He subsequently established the associated Health Services Research Unit with core funding from the Department of Health. He assembled a large staff including epidemiologists, social scientists and statisticians. They conducted a large number of studies on epidemiology of chronic respiratory disease, blood pressure, smoking, air pollution and the application of epidemiologic principles to health services research.[7][8] He established strong links with fellow public health researchers in the United States, Australia and Japan.[9]

He retired as Emeritus Professor of Public Health Medicine in 1994 and was appointed Visiting Professor at London School of Economics.[10]

Work

[edit]

Holland has had a very wide contribution to the development of epidemiology and public health. His groundbreaking paper on validation of medical screening procedures, published jointly with fellow epidemiologist Archie Cochrane in 1971, became a classic in the field.[11]

Legacy

[edit]

The London School of Economics established two prizes in his honour. These are the Walter Holland Prize for Best Dissertation and the Walter Holland Prize for Best Overall Performance which are awarded annually to MSc Global Health Policy students.[12]

Some publications

[edit]

Books

[edit]
  • Holland, WW. Improving Health Services,Background,Methods and Applications. Edward Elgar,Cheltenham 2013,1-271
  • Holland WW, Olsen J, Florey C du V. The Development of Modern Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, London
  • Holland WW. Screening in disease prevention : what works? 2005.
  • Alin, S., Mossialos E, McKee M & Holland WW. Making decisions on public health: a review of eight countries. 2004
  • Detels R, Holland WW, McEwen J, Omenn GS. Oxford Textbook of Public Health, 3rd edition. 1997
  • Holland WW, Stewart S. Screening in Health Care. Benefit of Bane? Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust, London 1990

Articles

[edit]
  • Capewell, S., McCarney, M., & Holland, WW. NHS Health Checks—a naked emperor? Journal of Public Health, 2015
  • Holland, WW. Public health coming home. Journal of Public Health, 2015
  • Holland, WW. Lessons from the past. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 2014,
  • Holland, WW. How to improve our health services, Clinical medicine (London, England), 2014
  • Holland, WW. Austerity: A failed experiment on the people of Europe. Clinical medicine (London, England). 2012.
  • Holland, WW. Measuring the quality of medical care. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 2009.
  • Holland WW. Healthcare for London. Clinical medicine (London, England), 2008
  • Holland, WW. Healthcare for London: A Framework for Action. Clinical medicine (London, England), 2008
  • Holland, WW. Public health epidemiology in the health technology assessment: risks and opportunities. European Journal of Public Health, 2007.
  • Holland, WW, Stewart, S & Masseria, C. Policy Brief: Screening in Europe. 2006.
  • Allin S, Mossialos E, McKee M, Holland WW. The Wanless report and decision-making in public health. Journal of Public Health, 2005.
  • Holland WW. Health technology assessment and public health: A commentary. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 2004
  • Holland, WW (2000). "Public health–the vision and the challenge. An attempt to analyse the issues and possible solutions". Journal of Epidemiology. 10 (4): 200–15. doi:10.2188/jea.10.200. PMID 10959602.
  • Holland, WW (1999). "What should be the concerns of epidemiology?". International Journal of Epidemiology. 28 (5): S1009–11. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.ije.a019902. PMID 10598006.
  • Epstein, FH; Holland, WW (1983). "Prevention of chronic diseases in the community–one-disease versus multiple-disease strategies". International Journal of Epidemiology. 12 (2): 135–7. doi:10.1093/ije/12.2.135. PMID 6874205.
  • Cochrane, AL; Holland, WW (1971). "Validation of screening procedures". British Medical Bulletin. 27 (1): 3–8. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070810. PMID 5100948.

Awards

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ academic.oup.com https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/47/2/677/4982103. Retrieved 18 July 2024. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ^ "Professor Walter Holland (1929–2018)". London School of Economics. 14 February 2018. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
  3. ^ "Walter Holland". London School of Economics. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
  4. ^ Chinn, Susan (2018). "Walter Werner Holland, 1929–2018". Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society. 181 (3): 911–912. doi:10.1111/rssa.12371.
  5. ^ Oral history – Walter Holland, Journal of Public Health Medicine, 26(2), 121–129
  6. ^ Daly, Jeanne (11 May 2005). British Clinical Epidemiology and Walter Holland. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520243163. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  7. ^ Daly, Jeanne (11 May 2005). Evidence-Based Medicine and the Search for a Science of Clinical Care. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520243163. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  8. ^ McKee, Martin; Burney, Peter (2018). "Walter Werner Holland: pioneer of European public health". BMJ. 360: k1032. doi:10.1136/bmj.k1032. hdl:10044/1/58717. S2CID 79617295. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
  9. ^ Aoki, K.; Yanagawa, H.; Kodama, K.; Hashimoto, T. (2018). "Memories of Dr Walter Werner Holland, Journal of Epidemiology 2018". Journal of Epidemiology. 28 (9): 404–405. doi:10.2188/jea.JE20180157. PMC 6111107.
  10. ^ "Professor Walter Holland". Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  11. ^ Cochrane, AL; Holland, WW (1971). "Validation of screening procedures". British Medical Bulletin. 27 (1): 3–8. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070810. PMID 5100948.
  12. ^ "The Walter Holland Fund". London School of Economics. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
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