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Coordinates: 19°3′40″N 72°53′51″E / 19.06111°N 72.89750°E / 19.06111; 72.89750
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{{Merge from|Line 1 (Mumbai Monorail)|date=February 2024}}
{{short description|Monorail system in India}}
{{short description|Monorail system in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2014}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox Public transit
{{Infobox rail line
| name = <span style="color:navy;"> {{Big| MMRDA }} </span>
| name = MMRDA
| image = Monorail seal.jpg
<br /> [[File:Monorail seal.jpg|300px]]
| image = Mumbai Monorail train at platform.jpg
| imagesize = 300px
| image_width = 300px
| locale = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| image_caption =
| transit_type = Straddle-beam [[monorail]]
| type = Straddle-beam [[monorail]]
| began_operation = {{start date and age|2 February 2014|df=yes|paran=yes}}
| status = Operational
| chief_executive =
| headquarters = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]]
| locale = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| start = [[Chembur monorail station|Chembur]](UP)<hr/>
| lines = 1
| end = [[Jacob Circle monorail station| Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk]](DOWN)
| notrack = 2
| stations = 17
| stations = 18
| daily_ridership = 19,000 (April 2017)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/mumbai-monorail-mmrda-to-give-contract-to-new-operator-decides-to-cancel-contract-of-scomi-engineering/articleshow/58150890.cms|title = Mumbai monorail: MMRDA to give contract to new operator, decides to cancel contract of Scomi Engineering}}</ref>
| website =
| ridership2 = 13,072 (2014 weekdays)<br />16,699 (2014 weekends)<ref name="mid-day.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/a-look-at-the-mumbai-monorail-as-it-completes-a-year/15957160|title=A look at the Mumbai Monorail as it completes a year|date=2 February 2015}}</ref>
| train_length = 4 coaches
| open = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2014|02|02}}
| headway = {{unbulleted list|3 minutes (planned)|45 minutes}}
| owner = [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA)
| vehicles = 10
| character = Elevated
| track_gauge =
| stock = [[Scomi SUTRA|Scomi]] (6) <br /> Medha Servo (10)
| system_length = {{convert|19.54|km|abbr=on}}<ref name="mumbaimirror1">{{cite news|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/article/2/2010082720100827025821619672d864e/Water-transport-slips-out-of-MMRDA%E2%80%99s-hands.html |title=Water transport slips out of MMRDA's hands |newspaper=Mumbai Mirror |access-date=27 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307175727/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/article/2/2010082720100827025821619672d864e/Water-transport-slips-out-of-MMRDA%E2%80%99s-hands.html |archive-date=7 March 2012 }}</ref>
| depot = [[Wadala Depot]]
| average_speed = {{convert|32|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| linelength = {{cvt|19.54|km|abbr=on}}<ref name="mumbaimirror-length">{{cite news |url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/article/2/2010082720100827025821619672d864e/Water-transport-slips-out-of-MMRDA%E2%80%99s-hands.html |title=Water transport slips out of MMRDA's hands |newspaper=Mumbai Mirror |access-date=27 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307175727/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/article/2/2010082720100827025821619672d864e/Water-transport-slips-out-of-MMRDA%E2%80%99s-hands.html |archive-date=7 March 2012}}</ref>
| top_speed = {{convert|80|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| tracklength =
| minimum_radius_of_curvature =
| tracks = 2
| el = 750 V [[Direct current|DC]] [[Third rail]]
| gauge = Straddle-beam [[monorail]]
| operator = MMRDA Mumbai Monorail
| electrification = 750 V [[Direct current|DC]] [[Third rail]]
| owner = [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA)
| speed = {{cvt|32|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (average)<br />{{cvt|80|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (top)
| map = {{Mumbai Monorail}}
| elevation =
| alt =
| map = {{Mumbai Monorail}}
| image2 = Mumbai Monorail train at platform.jpg
| map_state = collapsed
| imagesize2 = 350px
| caption = Seal of MMRDA Mumbai Monorail
| area served = [[Mumbai City]] & [[Mumbai Suburban]]
| line_number = 1
| start =
| end =
| daily_ridership = 10,000-17,000(pre-covid)
| character =
| map_state = collapsed
}}
}}


'''MMRDA Mumbai Monorail''' is a [[monorail]] system in the city of [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India, built as part of a major expansion of [[public transport in Mumbai|public transport in the city]]. The project is operated by the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA). In March 2023, after an uptick in ridership, the MMRDA ordered 10 new trains for the route.<ref>[https://www.financialexpress.com/business/railways-mumbais-monorail-sees-uptick-in-ridership-but-commuters-still-prefer-taking-metro-heres-why-3024112/ Mumbai's monorail sees uptick in ridership but commuters still prefer taking metro, here's why.] ''Financial Express''. 28 March 2023.</ref>
The '''MMRDA Mumbai Monorail''' is a [[monorail]] line in the city of [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India, built as part of a major expansion of [[public transport in Mumbai|public transport in the city]]. The project is operated by the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA).


The monorail runs from Chembur in the city's eastern suburbs to Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk at Mahalaxmi in south Mumbai, effectively connecting the city's harbour line, central line and western line.<ref name="times">{{cite news |title=Mumbai monorail to run in two years |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=27 September 2007 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2413046.cms |access-date=19 March 2009 |archive-date=30 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230195051/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2413046.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
The monorail, as its name suggests, runs on a narrow, single track. A lightweight structure allows the trains to navigate sharp turns in congested urban areas.<ref>[https://trafficinfratech.com/monorail_mumbais_new_travel_option/ Monorail: Mumbai's new travel option.] ''Traffic Infra Tech Magazine.'' 10 September 2010.</ref> The Mumbai monorail is the first in India since the [[Kundala Valley Railway]]s and the [[Patiala State Monorail Trainways]] were closed in the 1920s.


The monorail, as its name suggests, runs on a narrow, single track. A lightweight structure allows the trains to navigate sharp turns in congested urban areas.<ref>[https://trafficinfratech.com/monorail_mumbais_new_travel_option/ Monorail: Mumbai's new travel option.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724184004/https://trafficinfratech.com/monorail_mumbais_new_travel_option/ |date=24 July 2023 }} ''Traffic Infra Tech Magazine.'' 10 September 2010.</ref> The Mumbai monorail is the first in India since the [[Kundala Valley Railway]]s and the [[Patiala State Monorail Trainways]] were closed in the 1920s.
The monorail route runs from Chembur in the city's eastern suburbs to Sant Ghadge Maharaj Chowk at Mahalaxmi in south Mumbai, thus effectively connecting the city's harbour line, central line and western line.<ref name="times">{{cite news|title=Mumbai monorail to run in two years|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 September 2007|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2413046.cms|access-date=19 March 2009}}</ref> The system started commercial operation after partially opening its Phase 1 to the public in 2014.

The system began commercial operation in 2014, but has achieved only 10% of the estimated ridership. Over budget, with an "unnecessary" route poorly connected to other modes of transport and suffering from poor maintenance, the system has widely been described as a "failure".<ref>{{cite web | url=https://thewire.in/urban/failure-of-mumbais-monorail-holds-lessons-for-urban-planners-everywhere | title=Failure of Mumbai's Monorail Holds Lessons for Urban Planners Everywhere }}</ref>


==History==
==History==
===Background===
===Background===
The [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA) first proposed a monorail in 2005.<ref name="livemint1">{{cite web|url=http://www.livemint.com/Specials/fyCuMeh4OOmTUTy3hWOZfK/Indias-first-monorail-readies-for-takeoff.html |title=India's first monorail readies for take-off |publisher=Livemint |date=29 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>
The [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA) first proposed a monorail in 2005.<ref name="livemint1">{{cite web |url=http://www.livemint.com/Specials/fyCuMeh4OOmTUTy3hWOZfK/Indias-first-monorail-readies-for-takeoff.html |title=India's first monorail readies for take-off |publisher=Livemint |date=29 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=21 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121183024/https://www.livemint.com/Specials/fyCuMeh4OOmTUTy3hWOZfK/Indias-first-monorail-readies-for-takeoff.html |url-status=live }}</ref>


On 11 November 2008, Larsen and Toubro partnered with the Malaysian company [[Scomi|Scomi Engineering Bhd]], and the joint venture (JV) company was awarded a {{INRConvert|24.6|b}} contract by the MMRDA to build, operate, and maintain the project of around eight [[monorail]] routes in Mumbai by the year 2029.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.business-standard.com/common/storypage_c_online.php?leftnm=10&bKeyFlag=IN&autono=40796 | title=Financial bids for Mumbai Monorail project open | newspaper=[[Business Standard]] | date=25 June 2008 | access-date=25 August 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231090941/http://www.business-standard.com/common/storypage_c_online.php?leftnm=10 | archive-date=31 December 2007 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all }}</ref> The construction of the first monorail line in Mumbai mostly began from 2014, which would connect [[Jacob Circle]], [[Wadala]] and [[Mahul]] via [[Chembur]], providing a feeder service to the existing [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Devraj Dasgupta|agency=TNN|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Mumbai/Deshmukh_makes_way_for_1st_monorail_project/articleshow/3362895.cms |title=Deshmukh makes way for 1st monorail project |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=14 August 2008 |access-date=25 August 2010}}</ref> However, nothing concrete came out of the notification for many years.
On 11 November 2008, Larsen and Toubro partnered with the Malaysian company [[Scomi|Scomi Engineering Bhd]], and the joint venture (JV) company was awarded a {{INRConvert|24.6|b}} contract by the MMRDA to build, operate, and maintain the project of around eight [[monorail]] routes in Mumbai by the year 2029.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/common/storypage_c_online.php?leftnm=10&bKeyFlag=IN&autono=40796 |title=Financial bids for Mumbai Monorail project open |newspaper=[[Business Standard]] |date=25 June 2008 |access-date=25 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231090941/http://www.business-standard.com/common/storypage_c_online.php?leftnm=10 |archive-date=31 December 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The construction of the first monorail line in Mumbai mostly began from 2014, which would connect [[Jacob Circle]], [[Wadala]] and [[Mahul]] via [[Chembur]], providing a feeder service to the existing [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Devraj Dasgupta |agency=TNN |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Mumbai/Deshmukh_makes_way_for_1st_monorail_project/articleshow/3362895.cms |title=Deshmukh makes way for 1st monorail project |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=14 August 2008 |access-date=25 August 2010 |archive-date=23 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123115410/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Mumbai/Deshmukh_makes_way_for_1st_monorail_project/articleshow/3362895.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> However, nothing concrete came out of the notification for many years.


Then, in mid-2018, a dispute arose between the MMRDA and the Malaysian company LTSE, with both parties attempting to end the contract with each other. LTSE, which was reportedly defaulting on the contract on multiple counts, wrote to the MMRDA stating that its responsibilities were over, while the MMRDA was trying to end the contract with the Malaysian operator.<ref>[https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-175-mumbai-monorail-staffers-sent-on-unpaid-leave-2625835 175 Mumbai Monorail Staffers Sent on Unpaid Leave]. Ateek Shaikh. ''dnaindia.com''. 16 June 2018.</ref>
In mid-2018, a dispute arose between the MMRDA and the Malaysian company LTSE, with both parties attempting to end the contract with each other. LTSE, which was reportedly defaulting on the contract on multiple counts, wrote to the MMRDA stating that its responsibilities were over, while the MMRDA was trying to end the contract with the Malaysian operator.<ref>[https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-175-mumbai-monorail-staffers-sent-on-unpaid-leave-2625835 175 Mumbai Monorail Staffers Sent on Unpaid Leave] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724191844/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-175-mumbai-monorail-staffers-sent-on-unpaid-leave-2625835 |date=24 July 2023 }}. Ateek Shaikh. ''dnaindia.com''. 16 June 2018.</ref>


The contract with LTSE was finally ended in December 2018.<ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mmrda-terminates-monorail-contract-with-lt-scomi-jv-5494643/ MMRDA terminates monorail contract with L&T-Scomi JV]. ''Indian Express''. 15 December 2018.</ref> The MMRDA has now taken over the operations of the monorail and, according to the MMRDA, the [[BEST Transport division|bus service operating in the city]] plied crowded and narrow areas at very slow speeds, thus offering no benefits to the commuters and adding to the traffic congestion. The MMRDA stated that the monorail would connect many parts of the city which were not connected by suburban rail system or the proposed metro rail system. The agency also stated that the monorail would be an efficient feeder transit to the metro and suburban rail systems offering efficient, safe, air-conditioned, comfortable and affordable public transport to commuters.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mumbai Monorail Project|url=http://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/mumbai-monorail-project|publisher=MMRDA|access-date=7 February 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219083318/http://www.mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/mumbai-monorail-project|archive-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>
The contract with LTSE was finally ended in December 2018.<ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mmrda-terminates-monorail-contract-with-lt-scomi-jv-5494643/ MMRDA terminates monorail contract with L&T-Scomi JV] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724192721/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mmrda-terminates-monorail-contract-with-lt-scomi-jv-5494643/ |date=24 July 2023 }}. ''Indian Express''. 15 December 2018.</ref> The MMRDA has now taken over the operations of the monorail and, according to the MMRDA, the [[BEST Transport division|bus service operating in the city]] plied crowded and narrow areas at very slow speeds, thus offering no benefits to the commuters and adding to the traffic congestion. The MMRDA stated that the monorail would connect many parts of the city which were not connected by suburban rail system or the proposed metro rail system. The agency also stated that the monorail would be an efficient feeder transit to the metro and suburban rail systems offering efficient, safe, air-conditioned, comfortable and affordable public transport to commuters.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mumbai Monorail Project |url=http://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/mumbai-monorail-project |publisher=MMRDA |access-date=7 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219083318/http://www.mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/mumbai-monorail-project |archive-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>


The cost of the monorail service was estimated in 2010 to be {{INR}}2.0&nbsp;billion (roughly {{INRConvert|850|m}} per km). Approximately {{convert|135|km}} of line is planned to be built in phases between 2011 and 2031.<ref name="accommodationtimes1">{{cite web | url=http://www.accommodationtimes.com/real-estate-news/monorail-integration-with-cr-wr-and-harbour-line/ | title=Monorail integration with CR, WR and Harbour Line | publisher=[[Accommodation Times]] | date=26 November 2010 | access-date=2 September 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101201030800/http://www.accommodationtimes.com/real-estate-news/monorail-integration-with-cr-wr-and-harbour-line/ | archive-date = 1 December 2010 }}</ref> The monorail service along with the metro lines have been reported to have incurred losses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/monorails-not-going-anywhere-9-yrs-down-the-line-losses-mount-to-rs-1-2k-cr/articleshow/102845436.cms?from=mdr|title=Monorail's not going anywhere: 9 yrs down the line, losses mount to Rs 1.2k cr|website=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref>
The cost of the monorail service was estimated in 2010 to be {{INR}}2.0&nbsp;billion (roughly {{INRConvert|850|m}} per km). Approximately {{convert|135|km}} of line is planned to be built in phases between 2011 and 2031.<ref name="accommodationtimes1">{{cite web |url=http://www.accommodationtimes.com/real-estate-news/monorail-integration-with-cr-wr-and-harbour-line/ |title=Monorail integration with CR, WR and Harbour Line |publisher=[[Accommodation Times]] |date=26 November 2010 |access-date=2 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201030800/http://www.accommodationtimes.com/real-estate-news/monorail-integration-with-cr-wr-and-harbour-line/ |archive-date=1 December 2010}}</ref> The monorail service along with the metro lines have been reported to have incurred losses.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/monorails-not-going-anywhere-9-yrs-down-the-line-losses-mount-to-rs-1-2k-cr/articleshow/102845436.cms?from=mdr |title=Monorail's not going anywhere: 9 yrs down the line, losses mount to Rs 1.2k cr |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=19 August 2023 |access-date=19 August 2023 |archive-date=19 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819175648/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/monorails-not-going-anywhere-9-yrs-down-the-line-losses-mount-to-rs-1-2k-cr/articleshow/102845436.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }}</ref>


===Construction===
===Construction===
Then Maharashtra Chief Minister [[Ashok Chavan]] laid the foundation stone in a ceremony at the Acres Club, Chembur on 9 February 2009.<ref name="scomi1">{{cite news|url=http://www.scomigroup.com.my/weboffice/files/news/2102009_52436PM_SEB_Bernama_BT_TI_IT_ET_100209.pdf|title=Scomi to earn RM120m from Mumbai monorail works|date=10 February 2009|publisher=Business Times|access-date=25 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929214220/http://www.scomigroup.com.my/weboffice/files/news/2102009_52436PM_SEB_Bernama_BT_TI_IT_ET_100209.pdf|archive-date=29 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> The MMRDA commissioned the construction of the line in two phases. The first stretch linked Wadala on the outskirts of the island city with Chembur in the north-east, and the second connected Wadala with Jacob Circle in [[South Mumbai]].<ref name="scomi2">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.scomigroup.com.my/weboffice/files/news/2102009_52436PM_SEB_Bernama_BT_TI_IT_ET_100209.pdf|title=CM inaugurates the first Monorail project in Mumbai|date=10 February 2009|magazine=India Today|access-date=25 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929214220/http://www.scomigroup.com.my/weboffice/files/news/2102009_52436PM_SEB_Bernama_BT_TI_IT_ET_100209.pdf|archive-date=29 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> The original deadline for the project was April 2011.<ref name ="IndianExpress1">{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/endtoend-trial-run-of-monorail-conducted/1035115/ |title=End-to-end trial run of monorail conducted |newspaper=Indian Express |date=23 November 2012 |access-date=25 January 2014}}</ref> The project was delayed by issues involving land, removal of encroachments, delays in getting permissions from the civic body and railways,<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/mumbai-monorail-to-be-ready-by-dec-metro-by-march/174429/on | title=Mumbai monorail to be ready by Dec, Metro by March | date=12 June 2012}}</ref> and missed several deadlines for completion. The following months had all been announced as deadlines for the first phase - December 2010, May 2011, November 2011, May 2012, December 2012, June 2013, August 2013, 15 September 2013,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_monorail-ii-only-by-dec-2013_1665651 |title=Monorail-II only by Dec 2013 |newspaper=[[DNA India]] |date=22 March 2012 |access-date=25 January 2014 |author=DNA Correspondent |location=Mumbai}}</ref> October 2013 and December 2013. Deadlines announced for the second phase were May 2011, December 2011, May 2012, December 2012, December 2013, June 2014, December 2014 and March 2015.<ref>{{cite web|author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-dna-special-cheers-you-can-enjoy-monorail-ride-in-mumbai-by-month-end-1955474 |title=dna special: Cheers! You can enjoy monorail ride in Mumbai by month-end |publisher=DNA |date=23 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> A [[Right to Information Act|Right to Information]] (RTI) request filed by RTI activist Anil Galgali revealed that the three-year delay in commissioning the monorail was primarily due to change of alignment of its route, which led to further cost escalation of the project.<ref>{{cite news|author=Anand Mishra |url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/delay-due-changed-route-405 |title=Delay due to changed route |newspaper=The Asian Age |date=29 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>
Then Maharashtra Chief Minister [[Ashok Chavan]] laid the foundation stone in a ceremony at the Acres Club, Chembur on 9 February 2009.<ref name="scomi1">{{cite news |url=http://www.scomigroup.com.my/weboffice/files/news/2102009_52436PM_SEB_Bernama_BT_TI_IT_ET_100209.pdf |title=Scomi to earn RM120m from Mumbai monorail works |date=10 February 2009 |publisher=Business Times |access-date=25 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929214220/http://www.scomigroup.com.my/weboffice/files/news/2102009_52436PM_SEB_Bernama_BT_TI_IT_ET_100209.pdf |archive-date=29 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The MMRDA commissioned the construction of the line in two phases. The first stretch linked Wadala on the outskirts of the island city with Chembur in the north-east, and the second connected Wadala with Jacob Circle in [[South Mumbai]].<ref name="scomi2">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.scomigroup.com.my/weboffice/files/news/2102009_52436PM_SEB_Bernama_BT_TI_IT_ET_100209.pdf |title=CM inaugurates the first Monorail project in Mumbai |date=10 February 2009 |magazine=India Today |access-date=25 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929214220/http://www.scomigroup.com.my/weboffice/files/news/2102009_52436PM_SEB_Bernama_BT_TI_IT_ET_100209.pdf |archive-date=29 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The original deadline for the project was April 2011.<ref name ="IndianExpress1">{{cite news |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/endtoend-trial-run-of-monorail-conducted/1035115/ |title=End-to-end trial run of monorail conducted |newspaper=Indian Express |date=23 November 2012 |access-date=25 January 2014 |archive-date=13 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130213011450/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/endtoend-trial-run-of-monorail-conducted/1035115 |url-status=live }}</ref> The project was delayed by issues involving land, removal of encroachments, delays in getting permissions from the civic body and railways,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/mumbai-monorail-to-be-ready-by-dec-metro-by-march/174429/on |title=Mumbai monorail to be ready by Dec, Metro by March |date=12 June 2012 |access-date=22 March 2014 |archive-date=28 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121228092842/http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/mumbai-monorail-to-be-ready-by-dec-metro-by-march/174429/on |url-status=live }}</ref> and missed several deadlines for completion. The following months had all been announced as deadlines for the first phase - December 2010, May 2011, November 2011, May 2012, December 2012, June 2013, August 2013, 15 September 2013,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_monorail-ii-only-by-dec-2013_1665651 |title=Monorail-II only by Dec 2013 |newspaper=[[DNA India]] |date=22 March 2012 |access-date=25 January 2014 |author=DNA Correspondent |location=Mumbai |archive-date=21 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121191635/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_monorail-ii-only-by-dec-2013_1665651 |url-status=live }}</ref> October 2013 and December 2013. Deadlines announced for the second phase were May 2011, December 2011, May 2012, December 2012, December 2013, June 2014, December 2014 and March 2015.<ref>{{cite web |author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-dna-special-cheers-you-can-enjoy-monorail-ride-in-mumbai-by-month-end-1955474 |title=dna special: Cheers! You can enjoy monorail ride in Mumbai by month-end |publisher=DNA |date=23 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=21 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121191724/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-dna-special-cheers-you-can-enjoy-monorail-ride-in-mumbai-by-month-end-1955474 |url-status=live }}</ref> A [[Right to Information Act|Right to Information]] (RTI) request filed by RTI activist Anil Galgali revealed that the three-year delay in commissioning the monorail was primarily due to change of alignment of its route, which led to further cost escalation of the project.<ref>{{cite news |author=Anand Mishra |url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/delay-due-changed-route-405 |title=Delay due to changed route |newspaper=The Asian Age |date=29 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203025534/http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/delay-due-changed-route-405 |url-status=live }}</ref>


A 108-meter test run was successfully conducted on 26 January 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.oneindia.in/2010/01/26/trialrun-of-monorail-successful-in-mumbai.html |title=Trial run of monorail successful in Mumbai – Oneindia News |publisher=News.oneindia.in |date=26 January 2010 |access-date=25 August 2010}}</ref> A one-kilometer test run from Wadala to the [[Bhakti Park monorail station]] was undertaken on 18 February 2012.<ref name = "mumbaimirror">{{cite news|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/others/Monorail-takes-its-first-ride-around-town/articleshow/16207566.cms |title=Monorail takes its first ride around town |newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |date=19 February 2012 |access-date=25 January 2014}}</ref> The first test run of the entire route was conducted by the MMRDA in November 2012.<ref name ="IndianExpress1"/>
A 108-meter test run was successfully conducted on 26 January 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.oneindia.in/2010/01/26/trialrun-of-monorail-successful-in-mumbai.html |title=Trial run of monorail successful in Mumbai – Oneindia News |publisher=News.oneindia.in |date=26 January 2010 |access-date=25 August 2010 |archive-date=2 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202220128/http://news.oneindia.in/2010/01/26/trialrun-of-monorail-successful-in-mumbai.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A one-kilometer test run from Wadala to the [[Bhakti Park monorail station]] was undertaken on 18 February 2012.<ref name = "mumbaimirror">{{cite news |url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/others/Monorail-takes-its-first-ride-around-town/articleshow/16207566.cms |title=Monorail takes its first ride around town |newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |date=19 February 2012 |access-date=25 January 2014 |archive-date=1 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201210210/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/others/Monorail-takes-its-first-ride-around-town/articleshow/16207566.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The first test run of the entire route was conducted by the MMRDA in November 2012.<ref name ="IndianExpress1"/>


In late December 2013, the MMRDA announced that it had submitted an application to Safety Certification Authority (Engineer) for the Chembur-Wadala stretch. The Safety Certification Authority goes through the documents, and physically inspects the corridor, and commercial operations can commence only after receiving its approval.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-12-28/mumbai/45651273_1_fire-safety-measures-mmrda-monorail |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231162848/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-12-28/mumbai/45651273_1_fire-safety-measures-mmrda-monorail |url-status=dead |archive-date=31 December 2013 |title=Monorail goes for final safety test |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=28 December 2013 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The electrical systems were certified by the Electrical Inspector General.<ref name = "mumbaimirror"/> The contractor, the consortium of L&T and Scomi Engineering, had safety checks performed by an independent inspector. Official safety checks were performed by SMRT Corp of Singapore and R.C. Garg, retired Commissioner of Railway Safety.<ref name="indianexpress2">{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-just-a-step-away-from-getting-safety-certificate/ |title=Monorail just a step away from getting safety certificate |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date=14 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The final safety certificate was issued on 20 January.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/its-all-clear-for-monorail/ |title=It's all clear for monorail |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=21 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Monorail-gets-safety-nod/articleshow/29131151.cms |title=Monorail gets safety nod |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=21 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The safety certificate was then forwarded to the State Government, which issued a notification for commissioning the system. The notification contains norms for operation and maintenance of the system, which requires approval from the Chief Minister.<ref>{{cite web|author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-monorail-clears-safety-signal-all-set-to-roll-1954439 |title=Mumbai monorail clears safety signal, all set to roll |publisher=DNA |date=21 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>
In late December 2013, the MMRDA announced that it had submitted an application to Safety Certification Authority (Engineer) for the Chembur-Wadala stretch. The Safety Certification Authority goes through the documents, and physically inspects the corridor, and commercial operations can commence only after receiving its approval.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Monorail-goes-for-final-safety-test/articleshow/28028686.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231162848/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-12-28/mumbai/45651273_1_fire-safety-measures-mmrda-monorail |url-status=live |archive-date=31 December 2013 |title=Monorail goes for final safety test |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=28 December 2013 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The electrical systems were certified by the Electrical Inspector General.<ref name = "mumbaimirror"/> The contractor, the consortium of L&T and Scomi Engineering, had safety checks performed by an independent inspector. Official safety checks were performed by SMRT Corp of Singapore and R.C. Garg, retired Commissioner of Railway Safety.<ref name="indianexpress2">{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-just-a-step-away-from-getting-safety-certificate/ |title=Monorail just a step away from getting safety certificate |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date=14 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=22 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122041837/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-just-a-step-away-from-getting-safety-certificate/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The final safety certificate was issued on 20 January.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/its-all-clear-for-monorail/ |title=It's all clear for monorail |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=21 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=22 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122041835/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/its-all-clear-for-monorail/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Monorail-gets-safety-nod/articleshow/29131151.cms |title=Monorail gets safety nod |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=21 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=22 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122184010/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Monorail-gets-safety-nod/articleshow/29131151.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The safety certificate was then forwarded to the State Government, which issued a notification for commissioning the system. The notification contains norms for operation and maintenance of the system, which requires approval from the Chief Minister.<ref>{{cite web |author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-monorail-clears-safety-signal-all-set-to-roll-1954439 |title=Mumbai monorail clears safety signal, all set to roll |publisher=DNA |date=21 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=26 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426130231/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-monorail-clears-safety-signal-all-set-to-roll-1954439 |url-status=live }}</ref>


===Opening===
===Opening===
[[File:Mumbai Monorail trains parked at Wadala Depot station.jpeg|left|thumb|Mumbai Monorail trains parked at Wadala Depot station]]
[[File:Mumbai Monorail trains parked at Wadala Depot station.jpeg|left|thumb|Mumbai Monorail trains parked at Wadala Depot station]]
Line 1 was inaugurated by Maharashtra Chief Minister [[Prithviraj Chavan]] on 1 February 2014 at the Wadala Depot monorail station. After flagging off the first monorail train at 3:47{{nbsp}}pm, Chavan along with Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar, and other officials rode the entire route, arriving at Chembur monorail station, 20 minutes later.<ref name="indianexpress1"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/others/First-mono-runs-crowded-like-the-good-old-local/articleshow/29729191.cms |title=First mono runs crowded like the good old local |newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |date=1 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-india-s-first-monorail-flagged-off-by-maharashtra-s-chief-minister-prithviraj-chavan-1958726 |title=India's first monorail flagged off by Maharashtra's Chief Minister Prithviraj Chavan |publisher=DNA |date=1 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/india-s-first-monorail-launched-in-mumbai-114020100832_1.html |title=India's first Monorail launched in Mumbai |newspaper=[[Business Standard]] |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The party then proceeded to Gandhi Maidan, 15th Road, Chembur (East), where the Chavan declared the monorail "open".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiablooms.com/NewsDetailsPage/2014/newsDetails010214o.php |title=Chavan inaugurates Mumbai Monorail |publisher=Indiablooms.com |date=1 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140204010753/http://www.indiablooms.com/NewsDetailsPage/2014/newsDetails010214o.php |archive-date=4 February 2014 }}</ref> The monorail was opened to the public the following day,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Indias-first-monorail-starts-journey/articleshow/29730331.cms |title=India's first monorail starts journey |newspaper=The Times of India |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> with the first trip commencing from Wadala Depot at 7:08{{nbsp}}am.<ref name="indianexpress5">{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/joyride-begins-nearly-20k-take-monorail-on-day-one/ |title=Joyride begins, nearly 20K take monorail on Day One |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=6 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> According to the MMRDA, it had very few passengers, as the gates were opened to the public only at 7:10{{nbsp}}am, when the train had already left.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/rs-1-100-cr-mumbai-monorail-stumbles-on-re-1-coins-478743 |title=Rs 1,100-cr Mumbai monorail stumbles on Re 1 coins |publisher=NDTV |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> The first train from the opposite side, departed Chembur at 7:10{{nbsp}}am<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-02-03/mumbai/46961906_1_monorail-last-train-mmrda |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140205110634/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-02-03/mumbai/46961906_1_monorail-last-train-mmrda |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 February 2014 |title=Monorail riders thrilled at bird's eye view of Mumbai |date=3 February 2014 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Services had been scheduled to operate until 3:00{{nbsp}}pm, however, station doors were closed by 2:30{{nbsp}}pm due to larger than expected ridership. Services were operated until 4:30{{nbsp}}pm, in order to provide a ride to everyone who had purchased a ticket.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/infrastructure/20000-ride-mumbais-monorail-on-day-1/articleshow/29801017.cms?curpg=2 |title=20,000 ride Mumbai's monorail on Day 1 |newspaper=The Economic Times |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> On opening day, 19,678 passengers travelled on the line. Sixty-six services were operated on the first day,<ref name="dnaindia4">{{cite web|author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-monorail-19600-have-joyride-on-day-2-1959195 |title=Mumbai monorail: 19,600 have joyride on Day 2 |publisher=DNA |date=4 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> netting a revenue of {{INRConvert|2.2|l}} through the sale of tickets and smart cards.<ref name="indianexpress5"/><ref name="dnaindia3">{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/monorail-fever-grips-mumbai-carries-20000-on-day-1-1959013 |title=Monorail fever grips Mumbai; carries 20,000 on Day 1 |publisher=DNA |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Neha LM Tripathi |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/senior-citizens-get-bitten-by-monorail-bug/15066017 |title=Senior citizens get bitten by monorail bug |newspaper=Mid-Day |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>
Line 1 was inaugurated by Maharashtra Chief Minister [[Prithviraj Chavan]] on 1 February 2014 at the Wadala Depot monorail station. After flagging off the first monorail train at 3:47{{nbsp}}p.m., Chavan along with Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar, and other officials rode the entire route, arriving at Chembur monorail station, 20 minutes later.<ref name="indianexpress1"/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/others/First-mono-runs-crowded-like-the-good-old-local/articleshow/29729191.cms |title=First mono runs crowded like the good old local |newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |date=1 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=19 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219151517/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/others/First-mono-runs-crowded-like-the-good-old-local/articleshow/29729191.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-india-s-first-monorail-flagged-off-by-maharashtra-s-chief-minister-prithviraj-chavan-1958726 |title=India's first monorail flagged off by Maharashtra's Chief Minister Prithviraj Chavan |publisher=DNA |date=1 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203065727/http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-india-s-first-monorail-flagged-off-by-maharashtra-s-chief-minister-prithviraj-chavan-1958726 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/india-s-first-monorail-launched-in-mumbai-114020100832_1.html |title=India's first Monorail launched in Mumbai |newspaper=[[Business Standard]] |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203011555/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/india-s-first-monorail-launched-in-mumbai-114020100832_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The party then proceeded to Gandhi Maidan, 15th Road, Chembur (East), where the Chavan declared the monorail "open".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiablooms.com/NewsDetailsPage/2014/newsDetails010214o.php |title=Chavan inaugurates Mumbai Monorail |publisher=Indiablooms.com |date=1 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140204010753/http://www.indiablooms.com/NewsDetailsPage/2014/newsDetails010214o.php |archive-date=4 February 2014}}</ref> The monorail was opened to the public the following day,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Indias-first-monorail-starts-journey/articleshow/29730331.cms |title=India's first monorail starts journey |newspaper=The Times of India |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=2 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202212048/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Indias-first-monorail-starts-journey/articleshow/29730331.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> with the first trip commencing from Wadala Depot at 7:08{{nbsp}}a.m.<ref name="indianexpress5">{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/joyride-begins-nearly-20k-take-monorail-on-day-one/ |title=Joyride begins, nearly 20K take monorail on Day One |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=6 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=21 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221121859/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/joyride-begins-nearly-20k-take-monorail-on-day-one/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the MMRDA, it had very few passengers, as the gates were opened to the public only at 7:10{{nbsp}}am, when the train had already left.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/rs-1-100-cr-mumbai-monorail-stumbles-on-re-1-coins-478743 |title=Rs 1,100-cr Mumbai monorail stumbles on Re 1 coins |publisher=NDTV |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222054720/http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/rs-1-100-cr-mumbai-monorail-stumbles-on-re-1-coins-478743 |url-status=live }}</ref> The first train from the opposite side, departed Chembur at 7:10{{nbsp}}am<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Monorail-riders-thrilled-at-birds-eye-view-of-Mumbai/articleshow/29794378.cms |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140205110634/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-02-03/mumbai/46961906_1_monorail-last-train-mmrda |url-status=live |archive-date=5 February 2014 |title=Monorail riders thrilled at bird's eye view of Mumbai |date=3 February 2014 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Services had been scheduled to operate until 3:00{{nbsp}}p.m., however, station doors were closed by 2:30{{nbsp}}p.m. due to larger than expected ridership. Services were operated until 4:30{{nbsp}}p.m., in order to provide a ride to everyone who had purchased a ticket.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/infrastructure/20000-ride-mumbais-monorail-on-day-1/articleshow/29801017.cms?curpg=2 |title=20,000 ride Mumbai's monorail on Day 1 |newspaper=The Economic Times |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408200030/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/infrastructure/20000-ride-mumbais-monorail-on-day-1/articleshow/29801017.cms?curpg=2 |url-status=live }}</ref> On opening day, 19,678 passengers travelled on the line. Sixty-six services were operated on the first day,<ref name="dnaindia4">{{cite web |author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-monorail-19600-have-joyride-on-day-2-1959195 |title=Mumbai monorail: 19,600 have joyride on Day 2 |publisher=DNA |date=4 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=26 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426131814/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-monorail-19600-have-joyride-on-day-2-1959195 |url-status=live }}</ref> netting a revenue of {{INRConvert|2.2|l}} through the sale of tickets and smart cards.<ref name="indianexpress5"/><ref name="dnaindia3">{{cite web |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/monorail-fever-grips-mumbai-carries-20000-on-day-1-1959013 |title=Monorail fever grips Mumbai; carries 20,000 on Day 1 |publisher=DNA |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152156/https://www.dnaindia.com/monorail-fever-grips-mumbai-carries-20000-on-day-1-1959013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Neha LM Tripathi |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/senior-citizens-get-bitten-by-monorail-bug/15066017 |title=Senior citizens get bitten by monorail bug |newspaper=Mid-Day |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152254/https://pghbl1.pubgalaxy.com/proxy?session_id=1718551321377loaVNR4TBE&adunit_id=%2F8095840%2C1025214%2F.2_A.39026.4_mid-day.com_tier1&site=www.mid-day.com&r=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>


In the first week of operations (2–8 February 2014), the monorail transported 1,36,865 passengers in about 512 trips, earning a total revenue of {{INR}}1,424,810. A total of 132,523 tokens and 1409 smart cards were also sold during the first week.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/mumbai-monorail-a-hit-136-000-use-it-in-a-week-114021000017_1.html |title=Mumbai monorail a hit, 136,000 use it in a week |newspaper=Business Standard |date=10 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Anand Mishra |url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/136-lakh-passengers-rode-mono-week-246 |title=1.36 lakh passengers rode Mono in a week |newspaper=The Asian Age |date=10 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-genuine-clientele-hits-security-hurdle/ |title=Monorail genuine clientele hits security hurdle |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=18 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> According to the MMRDA, between 2 February and 1 March, a total of 458,871 commuters used the monorail, generating a total revenue {{INR}}4,466,522.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-30-days-45l-commuters-in-monorail-1966313 |title = 30 days, 4.5l commuters in monorail|date = 3 March 2014}}</ref> The monorail was closed for the first time on 17 March 2014 due to [[Holi]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Megablock-no-monorail-on-Monday/articleshow/32104031.cms|title=Megablock, no monorail on Monday - Times of India|newspaper=The Times of India|date=16 March 2014 |access-date=21 March 2018}}</ref>
In the first week of operations (2–8 February 2014), the monorail transported 1,36,865 passengers in about 512 trips, earning a total revenue of {{INR}}1,424,810. A total of 132,523 tokens and 1409 smart cards were also sold during the first week.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/mumbai-monorail-a-hit-136-000-use-it-in-a-week-114021000017_1.html |title=Mumbai monorail a hit, 136,000 use it in a week |newspaper=Business Standard |date=10 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=6 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006133826/https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/mumbai-monorail-a-hit-136-000-use-it-in-a-week-114021000017_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Anand Mishra |url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/136-lakh-passengers-rode-mono-week-246 |title=1.36 lakh passengers rode Mono in a week |newspaper=The Asian Age |date=10 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=24 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224035818/http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/136-lakh-passengers-rode-mono-week-246 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-genuine-clientele-hits-security-hurdle/ |title=Monorail genuine clientele hits security hurdle |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=18 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152311/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-genuine-clientele-hits-security-hurdle/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the MMRDA, between 2 February and 1 March, a total of 458,871 commuters used the monorail, generating a total revenue {{INR}}4,466,522.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-30-days-45l-commuters-in-monorail-1966313 |title=30 days, 4.5l commuters in monorail |date=3 March 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |archive-date=28 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428111718/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-30-days-45l-commuters-in-monorail-1966313 |url-status=live }}</ref> The monorail was closed for the first time on 17 March 2014 due to [[Holi]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Megablock-no-monorail-on-Monday/articleshow/32104031.cms |title=Megablock, no monorail on Monday - Times of India |newspaper=The Times of India |date=16 March 2014 |access-date=21 March 2018 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152158/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Megablock-no-monorail-on-Monday/articleshow/32104031.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>


Years of delays later, Phase 2 was inaugurated by Maharashtra Chief Minister [[Devendra Fadnavis]] on 3 March 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/mirror-now/civic-issues/article/maharashtra-mumbai-monorail-phase2-wadala-jacob-circle-cm-devendra-fadnavis-inaugurate-parel-terminus/375630|title=Phase II of Mumbai Monorail from Wadala to Jacob's Circle to be inaugurated by Maharashtra CM|date=3 March 2019|work=Times Now|access-date=10 March 2019}}</ref>
Years of delays later, Phase 2 was inaugurated by Maharashtra Chief Minister [[Devendra Fadnavis]] on 3 March 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/mirror-now/civic-issues/article/maharashtra-mumbai-monorail-phase2-wadala-jacob-circle-cm-devendra-fadnavis-inaugurate-parel-terminus/375630 |title=Phase II of Mumbai Monorail from Wadala to Jacob's Circle to be inaugurated by Maharashtra CM |date=3 March 2019 |work=Times Now |access-date=10 March 2019 |archive-date=3 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303095505/https://www.timesnownews.com/mirror-now/civic-issues/article/maharashtra-mumbai-monorail-phase2-wadala-jacob-circle-cm-devendra-fadnavis-inaugurate-parel-terminus/375630 |url-status=live }}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="5"| <span style="color:BLACK;">'''Line 1'''</span>
|-
! style="width:5%;"|Extension date
! style="width:5%;" colspan="2"|Termini
! style="width:10%;"|Length
! style="width:5%;"|Stations
|-
| 2 February 2014 ||[[Chembur monorail station|Chembur]]||[[Wadala Depot]]||{{convert|8.93|km|mi|sp=us}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forbesindia.com/article/checkin/the-mumbai-monorail-project-is-indias-first/37079/1 |title=The Mumbai Monorail Project is India's First |publisher=Forbes India Magazine |date=6 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/documents/10180/752840/mumbai+monorail.pdf/258548b4-145a-42af-806d-2edc64e47738 |title=India's First Monorail comes to Mumbai Mumbai creates history To be operational very soon |publisher=MMRDA |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>||7
|-
| 3 March 2019<ref name="thehindu1">{{cite news|author=Sukhada Tatke |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/will-it-solve-mumbais-transport-woes/article5643444.ece |title=Will it solve Mumbai's transport woes? |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=26 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>||[[Wadala Depot]]||[[Jacob Circle monorail station|Jacob Circle]]||{{convert|11.28|km|mi|sp=us}}||10
|-
! Total ||Chembur||Jacob Circle||{{convert|19.52|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/mumbai-monorail-project |title=Mumbai Monorail Project |publisher=MMRDA |access-date=19 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219083318/http://www.mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/mumbai-monorail-project |archive-date=19 February 2014 }}</ref>||17
|}


== Plan ==
== Plan ==
The Mumbai Monorail master plan proposed the construction of 8 lines at a cost of {{INRConvert|202.96|b}}.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://epaper.hindustantimes.com/PUBLICATIONS/HT/HM/2010/08/29/ArticleHtmls/you-and-your-city-Travel-in-city-to-29082010003001.shtml?Mode=1 |title=Travel in city to get easier by 2021 |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=17 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002174711/http://epaper.hindustantimes.com/PUBLICATIONS/HT/HM/2010/08/29/ArticleHtmls/you-and-your-city-Travel-in-city-to-29082010003001.shtml?Mode=1 |archive-date=2 October 2011 }}</ref>
The Mumbai Monorail master plan proposed the construction of 8 lines at a cost of {{INRConvert|202.96|b}}.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://epaper.hindustantimes.com/PUBLICATIONS/HT/HM/2010/08/29/ArticleHtmls/you-and-your-city-Travel-in-city-to-29082010003001.shtml?Mode=1 |title=Travel in city to get easier by 2021 |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=17 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002174711/http://epaper.hindustantimes.com/PUBLICATIONS/HT/HM/2010/08/29/ArticleHtmls/you-and-your-city-Travel-in-city-to-29082010003001.shtml?Mode=1 |archive-date=2 October 2011}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Phase !! Line !! Corridor !! Length (km) !! Estimated cost
! Phase !! Line !! Corridor !! Length (km) !! Estimated cost
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" | Phase I || [[Line 1 (Mumbai Monorail)|1]] || [[Chembur monorail station|Chembur]]–[[Wadala Depot]]–[[Jacob Circle monorail station|Jacob Circle]] || 19.54 || {{INRConvert|27.16|b}}
| rowspan="4" | Phase I || [[Line 1 (Mumbai Monorail)|1]] || [[Chembur monorail station|Chembur]]–[[Wadala Depot monorail station|Wadala Depot]]–[[Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk monorail station|Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk]] || 19.54 || {{INRConvert|27.16|b}}
|-
|-
| 2 || [[Mulund]]–[[Goregaon]]–[[Borivali]] || 30 || {{INRConvert|41.7|b}}
| 2 || [[Mulund]]–[[Goregaon]]–[[Borivali]] || 30 || {{INRConvert|41.7|b}}
|-
|-
| 4 || Lokhandwala–[[SEEPZ]]–[[Kanjurmarg]] || 13.14 || {{INRConvert|18265|m}}
| 4 || [[Lokhandwala]]–[[SEEPZ]]–[[Kanjur Marg]] || 13.14 || {{INRConvert|18265|m}}
|-
|-
| 5 || [[Thane]] – [[Mira-Bhayandar]] – [[Dahisar]] || 24.25 || {{INRConvert|33708|m}}
| 5 || [[Thane]] – [[Mira-Bhayandar]] – [[Dahisar]] || 24.25 || {{INRConvert|33708|m}}
Line 90: Line 99:
| rowspan="3" | Phase II || 6 || [[Kalyan, India|Kalyan]]–[[Ulhasnagar]]–[[Dombivli]]|| 26.40 || {{INRConvert|36696|m}}
| rowspan="3" | Phase II || 6 || [[Kalyan, India|Kalyan]]–[[Ulhasnagar]]–[[Dombivli]]|| 26.40 || {{INRConvert|36696|m}}
|-
|-
| 7 || [[Chembur]]–[[Ghatkopar]]–[[Kopar Khairane]] || 16.72 || {{INRConvert|36863|m}}
| 7 || [[Chembur]]–[[Ghatkopar]]–[[Koparkhairane]] || 16.72 || {{INRConvert|36863|m}}
|-
|-
| 8 || [[Mahape]]–[[Shil Phata, India|Shil Phata]]–Kalyan || 21.10 || {{INRConvert|29329|m}}
| 8 || [[Mahape]]–[[Shil Phata, India|Shil Phata]]–[[Kalyan, India|Kalyan]] || 21.10 || {{INRConvert|29329|m}}
|}
|}


In September 2011, the MMRDA said that did not have an immediate plan to begin construction of a second monorail line in the region.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_mmrda-drops-second-monorail-plan-for-now_1590449 | title=MMRDA drops second monorail plan, for now | date=23 September 2011 | access-date=26 March 2012 | newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]}}</ref> They clarified that although it did not mean that they are not interested in carrying out the project, it may not follow the currently planned schedule. An MMRDA official stated, "There is no point in going for new routes. As long as the first route is not commissioned and the results are not out, we would not commission any new routes. MMRDA feels the need for a monorail would arise after all the proposed metro rail routes were commissioned with the monorail serving as a feeder service."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_mumbai-monorail-dream-run-ends-before-take-off_1718446 | title=Mumbai Monorail dream run ends before take-off | newspaper=[[DNA India]] | date=23 July 2012 | access-date=14 December 2012}}</ref>
In September 2011, the MMRDA said that did not have an immediate plan to begin construction of a second monorail line in the region.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_mmrda-drops-second-monorail-plan-for-now_1590449 |title=MMRDA drops second monorail plan, for now |date=23 September 2011 |access-date=26 March 2012 |newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]] |archive-date=8 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308013634/http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_mmrda-drops-second-monorail-plan-for-now_1590449 |url-status=live }}</ref> They clarified that although it did not mean that they are not interested in carrying out the project, it may not follow the currently planned schedule. An MMRDA official stated, "There is no point in going for new routes. As long as the first route is not commissioned and the results are not out, we would not commission any new routes. MMRDA feels the need for a monorail would arise after all the proposed metro rail routes were commissioned with the monorail serving as a feeder service."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_mumbai-monorail-dream-run-ends-before-take-off_1718446 |title=Mumbai Monorail dream run ends before take-off |newspaper=[[DNA India]] |date=23 July 2012 |access-date=14 December 2012 |archive-date=24 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130224073555/http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_mumbai-monorail-dream-run-ends-before-take-off_1718446 |url-status=live }}</ref>


In 2009, the MMRDA proposed the construction of an additional line on the Thane-Bhiwandi-Kalyan route. The route was proposed to have a station at every kilometer, cost {{INRConvert|3750|c|year=2009|nolink=yes}} and be implemented on public-private partnership basis. It was further proposed to extend the corridor from Kalyan to Badlapur in the next phase.<ref>{{cite web|title=MMRDA expands Monorail landscape|url=http://accommodationtimes.com/index.php/mmrda-expands-monorail-landscape/|work=Accommodation Times|access-date=22 March 2014|date=3 December 2009}}</ref> This project was shelved by the MMRDA in February 2014. The proposed corridor would have been 23.75&nbsp;km long, and cost approximately {{INR}}3,169 crore.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mmrda-shelves-plan-for-2nd-monorail-corridor/|title=MMRDA shelves plan for 2nd monorail corridor|date=20 February 2014|website=indianexpress.com|access-date=21 March 2018}}</ref>
In 2009, the MMRDA proposed the construction of an additional line on the Thane-Bhiwandi-Kalyan route. The route was proposed to have a station at every kilometer, cost {{INRConvert|3750|c|year=2009|nolink=yes}} and be implemented on public-private partnership basis. It was further proposed to extend the corridor from Kalyan to Badlapur in the next phase.<ref>{{cite web |title=MMRDA expands Monorail landscape |url=http://accommodationtimes.com/index.php/mmrda-expands-monorail-landscape/ |work=Accommodation Times |access-date=22 March 2014 |date=3 December 2009 |archive-date=22 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322145603/http://accommodationtimes.com/index.php/mmrda-expands-monorail-landscape/ |url-status=live }}</ref> This project was shelved by the MMRDA in February 2014. The proposed corridor would have been 23.75&nbsp;km long, and cost approximately {{INR}}3,169 crore.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mmrda-shelves-plan-for-2nd-monorail-corridor/ |title=MMRDA shelves plan for 2nd monorail corridor |date=20 February 2014 |website=indianexpress.com |access-date=21 March 2018 |archive-date=21 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321192512/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mmrda-shelves-plan-for-2nd-monorail-corridor/ |url-status=live }}</ref>


Further development of the monorail system is on hold, and questions have been raised as to whether the proposed monorail corridors will have sufficient capacity to meet Mumbai's requirements.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Mumbai/No-new-metro-monorail-routes-till-2021/Article1-1054236.aspx | title=No new metro, monorail routes till 2021? | work=[[Hindustan Times]] | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506213439/http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/mumbai/No-new-metro-monorail-routes-till-2021/Article1-1054236.aspx | archive-date=6 May 2013 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> The monorail may not be further extended by the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority|MMRDA]], as it may prove inadequate for Mumbai's population density. Foreign consultants have suggested a Metro or [[Light rail|LRT]] system over a monorail for many Indian cities, e.g. [[Bangalore Monorail|Bangalore]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/02/03/indias-1st-monorail-opens-in-mumbai-to-much-fanfare-and-doubt/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0|title=India's 1st Monorail Opens in Mumbai to Much Fanfare and Doubt|first=Neha Thirani|last=Bagri|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=3 February 2014|access-date=21 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://scroll.in/article/new-mumbai-monorail-doesnt-connect-very-much-but-opens-lucrative-possibilities-for-real-estate-developers?id=655243 |title=Why Mumbai's new monorail seems to be built for real-estate developers rather than commuters - Scroll.in News |publisher=Scroll.in |access-date=8 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Rohith B R Bangalore |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/244385/light-rail-may-score-over.html |title=Light rail may score over monorail |publisher=Deccanherald.com |date=12 December 2008 |access-date=8 February 2014}}</ref>
Further development of the monorail system is on hold, and questions have been raised as to whether the proposed monorail corridors will have sufficient capacity to meet Mumbai's requirements.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Mumbai/No-new-metro-monorail-routes-till-2021/Article1-1054236.aspx |title=No new metro, monorail routes till 2021? |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506213439/http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/mumbai/No-new-metro-monorail-routes-till-2021/Article1-1054236.aspx |archive-date=6 May 2013 }}</ref> The monorail may not be further extended by the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority|MMRDA]], as it may prove inadequate for Mumbai's population density. Foreign consultants have suggested a Metro or [[Light rail|LRT]] system over a monorail for many Indian cities, e.g. [[Bangalore Monorail|Bangalore]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/02/03/indias-1st-monorail-opens-in-mumbai-to-much-fanfare-and-doubt/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0 |title=India's 1st Monorail Opens in Mumbai to Much Fanfare and Doubt |first=Neha Thirani |last=Bagri |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=21 March 2018 |archive-date=6 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506150640/https://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/02/03/indias-1st-monorail-opens-in-mumbai-to-much-fanfare-and-doubt/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://scroll.in/article/new-mumbai-monorail-doesnt-connect-very-much-but-opens-lucrative-possibilities-for-real-estate-developers?id=655243 |title=Why Mumbai's new monorail seems to be built for real-estate developers rather than commuters - Scroll.in News |date=February 2014 |publisher=Scroll.in |access-date=8 February 2014 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152247/http://scroll.in/article/655243/why-mumbais-new-monorail-seems-to-be-built-for-real-estate-developers-rather-than-commuters |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Rohith B R Bangalore |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/244385/light-rail-may-score-over.html |title=Light rail may score over monorail |publisher=Deccanherald.com |date=12 December 2008 |access-date=8 February 2014 |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408200028/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/244385/light-rail-may-score-over.html |url-status=live }}</ref>


===Line 1===
===Line 1===
[[File:Mumbai Monorail Map.svg|297x297px|thumbnail|Phase 1 of Line 1 on Mumbai map]]
[[File:Mumbai Monorail Map.svg|297x297px|thumbnail|Phase 1 of Line 1 on Mumbai map]]

{{Main|Line 1 (Mumbai Monorail)}}
Line 1 connects [[Jacob Circle monorail station|Jacob Circle]] in [[South Mumbai]] with [[Chembur monorail station|Chembur]] in eastern Mumbai.<ref>{{cite web|author=Amit Chaturvedi |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cheat-sheet/mumbai-monorail-inaugurated-by-chief-minister-prithviraj-chavan-10-point-cheatsheet-478149 |title=Mumbai monorail inaugurated by Chief Minister Prithviraj Chavan: 10-point cheatsheet |publisher=NDTV.com |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> It was built at a cost of approximately {{INRConvert|3000|c}}. The 20.21&nbsp;km line is fully elevated. Line 1 is owned and operated by the MMRDA.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mumbai-monorail-opens-for-public-today/ |title=Mumbai: Monorail opens for public today |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The monorail supplements service of the [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]] in some heavily populated areas.<ref name="indiatimes1">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Mumbai-celebrates-world-class-monorail/articleshow/29759926.cms |title=Mumbai celebrates world-class monorail |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The first phase, built at a cost of {{INRConvert|1100|c}},<ref name="thehindu1">{{cite news|author=Sukhada Tatke |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/will-it-solve-mumbais-transport-woes/article5643444.ece |title=Will it solve Mumbai's transport woes? |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=26 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> consists of 7 stations from Chembur to [[Wadala Depot]], and was opened to the public on 2 February 2014. An extension for Line 1 consisting of 11 stations from Wadala Depot to Jacob Circle will be built at a cost of {{INRConvert|1900|c}}.<ref name="indianexpress1">{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/indias-first-monorail-rolls-out-in-city/ |title=India's first Monorail rolls out in city |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> It suffered through delays due to shortage of functional monorail rakes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/monorail-phase-2-may-open-early-next-year-mmrda/1403064|title=Monorail Phase 2 may open early next year: MMRDA|date=25 November 2018|website=The Free Press Journal}}</ref> Phase 2 finally opened on 3 March 2019.<ref name="hindustantimes.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/piyush-goyal-and-devendra-fadnavis-inaugurate-mumbai-monorail-s-second-leg/story-Hu5JXkc77pYK5QTLw8MP9H.html|title=Piyush Goyal and Devendra Fadnavis inaugurate Mumbai Monorail's second leg|date=3 March 2019|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=3 March 2019}}</ref>
The only operational line of the Mumbai Monorail, Line 1 connects [[Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk monorail station|Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk]] in [[South Mumbai]] with [[Chembur monorail station|Chembur]] in eastern Mumbai.<ref>{{cite web |author=Amit Chaturvedi |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cheat-sheet/mumbai-monorail-inaugurated-by-chief-minister-prithviraj-chavan-10-point-cheatsheet-478149 |title=Mumbai monorail inaugurated by Chief Minister Prithviraj Chavan: 10-point cheatsheet |publisher=NDTV.com |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203084320/http://www.ndtv.com/article/cheat-sheet/mumbai-monorail-inaugurated-by-chief-minister-prithviraj-chavan-10-point-cheatsheet-478149 |url-status=live }}</ref> It was built at a cost of approximately {{INRConvert|3000|c}}. The 20.21&nbsp;km line is fully elevated. Line 1 is owned and operated by the MMRDA.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mumbai-monorail-opens-for-public-today/ |title=Mumbai: Monorail opens for public today |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=7 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140207085610/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mumbai-monorail-opens-for-public-today/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The monorail supplements service of the [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]] in some heavily populated areas.<ref name="indiatimes1">{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Mumbai-celebrates-world-class-monorail/articleshow/29759926.cms |title=Mumbai celebrates world-class monorail |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=2 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202093307/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Mumbai-celebrates-world-class-monorail/articleshow/29759926.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The first phase, built at a cost of {{INRConvert|1100|c}},<ref name="thehindu1"/> consists of 7 stations from Chembur to [[Wadala Depot]], and was opened to the public on 2 February 2014. An extension for Line 1 consisting of 11 stations from Wadala Depot to Jacob Circle was built at a cost of {{INRConvert|1900|c}}.<ref name="indianexpress1">{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/indias-first-monorail-rolls-out-in-city/ |title=India's first Monorail rolls out in city |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=7 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140207135234/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/indias-first-monorail-rolls-out-in-city/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It suffered through delays due to shortage of functional monorail rakes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/monorail-phase-2-may-open-early-next-year-mmrda/1403064 |title=Monorail Phase 2 may open early next year: MMRDA |date=25 November 2018 |website=The Free Press Journal |access-date=28 November 2018 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152321/https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/monorail-phase-2-may-open-early-next-year-mmrda |url-status=live }}</ref> Phase 2 finally opened on 3 March 2019.<ref name="hindustantimes.com">{{Cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/piyush-goyal-and-devendra-fadnavis-inaugurate-mumbai-monorail-s-second-leg/story-Hu5JXkc77pYK5QTLw8MP9H.html |title=Piyush Goyal and Devendra Fadnavis inaugurate Mumbai Monorail's second leg |date=3 March 2019 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |access-date=3 March 2019 |archive-date=4 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304133525/https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/piyush-goyal-and-devendra-fadnavis-inaugurate-mumbai-monorail-s-second-leg/story-Hu5JXkc77pYK5QTLw8MP9H.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:65%;"
|-
! colspan="6" style="text-align:center;" | '''Line 1'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | #
! colspan="2" | Station Name
! rowspan="2" | Opening
! rowspan="2" | Connections
|-
![[English language|English]]
![[Marathi language|Marathi]]
|-
|1|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Chembur monorail station|Chembur]]
|चेंबूर
| 2 February 2014 ||[[Chembur railway station|Chembur]] ([[Harbour Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Harbour Line]])<br />{{rcb|Mumbai Metro|2|broute}} (Under construction)
|-
|2|| style="text-align:center;" |[[VNP and RC Marg Junction monorail station|VNP and RC Marg Junction]]
|व्हीएनपी आणि आरसी मार्ग जंक्शन
| 2 February 2014
||None
|-
|3|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Fertiliser Township monorail station|Fertiliser Township]]
|फर्टीलाइझर टाउनशिप
| 2 February 2014
||None
|-
|4|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Bharat Petroleum monorail station|Bharat Petroleum]]
|भारत पेट्रोलियम
| 2 February 2014
||None
|-
|5|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Mysore Colony monorail station|Mysore Colony]]
|मैसूर कॉलनी
| 2 February 2014
||None
|-
|6|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Bhakti Park monorail station|Bhakti Park]]
|भक्ती पार्क
| 2 February 2014
||{{rcb|Mumbai Metro|4|broute}} (Under construction)
|-
|7|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Wadala Depot monorail station|Wadala Depot]]
|वडाळा डेपो
| 2 February 2014 || None
|-
|8|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar monorail station|Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar]]
|गुरू तेग बहादुर नगर
| 3 March 2019
||[[Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar railway station|Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar]] ([[Harbour Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Harbour Line]])
|-
|9|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Antop Hill monorail station|Antop Hill]]
|अँटॉप हिल
| 3 March 2019
||None
|-
|10|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Acharya Atre Nagar monorail station|Acharya Atre Nagar]]
|आचार्य अत्रे नगर
| 3 March 2019
||None
|-
|11|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Wadala Bridge monorail station|Wadala Bridge]]
|वडाळा ब्रिज
| 3 March 2019
||[[Vadala Road railway station|Wadala Road]] ([[Harbour Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Harbour Line]])
|-
|12|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Dadar (East) monorail station|Dadar (East)]]
|दादर (पूर्व)
| 3 March 2019
||None
|-
|13|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Naigaon monorail station|Naigaon]]
|नायगाव
| 3 March 2019
||None
|-
|14|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Ambedkar Nagar monorail station|Ambedkar Nagar]]
|आंबेडकर नगर
| 3 March 2019
||None
|-
|15|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Mint Colony monorail station|Mint Colony]]
|मिंट कॉलनी
| 3 March 2019
||None
|-
|16|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Lower Parel monorail station|Lower Parel]]
|लोअर परळ
| 3 March 2019
||[[Lower Parel railway station|Lower Parel]] ([[Western Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Western Line]])
|-
|17|| style="text-align:center;" |[[Jacob Circle monorail station|Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk]]
|संत गाडगे महाराज चौक
| 3 March 2019
||{{rcb|Mumbai Metro|3|broute}} (Under construction)
|}


==Infrastructure==
==Infrastructure==
===Rolling stock===
===Rolling stock===
[[File:MumbaiMonorailInsideStation 01.jpg|thumb|Monorail arrival inside station|left]]
[[File:MumbaiMonorailInsideStation 01.jpg|thumb|A train arriving|left]]
[[File:Interior seating if Mumbai Monorail, 2015.jpg|left|thumb|Mumbai Monorail Inside]]
[[File:Interior seating if Mumbai Monorail, 2015.jpg|left|thumb|Interior view]]
The monorail uses [[Scomi SUTRA]] systems built in Malaysia by [[Scomi Rail]] Bhd. The first car was shipped to India on 2 January 2010, marking the first time that rail cars manufactured by the company were exported overseas.<ref name="thestar1">{{cite web|author=B.K. Sidhu |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx/?file=%2f2010%2f1%2f2%2fbusiness%2f5398248&sec=business |title=Mumbai debut for Scomi rail car |publisher=Thestar.com.my |date=2 January 2010 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> Six trains currently operate in the first phase of the line. Ten more will be added in the second phase.<ref name="punemirror1">{{cite news |url=http://www.punemirror.in/article/2/20140131201401311025033124d8463a7/Mumbai-to-flag-off-monorail-on-Feb-1.html |title=Mumbai to flag off monorail on Feb 1 |newspaper=[[Pune Mirror]] |date=26 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202194207/http://www.punemirror.in/article/2/20140131201401311025033124d8463a7/Mumbai-to-flag-off-monorail-on-Feb-1.html |archive-date=2 February 2014 }}</ref> Monorail trains are [[Variations of pink|royal pink]], [[apple green]], and [[Shades of blue|ice blue]] in colour,<ref name="indiatimes3">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-02-01/ahmedabad/46897367_1_mumbai-monorail-nid-metropolitan-region-development-authority |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140202143056/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-02-01/ahmedabad/46897367_1_mumbai-monorail-nid-metropolitan-region-development-authority |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 February 2014 |title=National Institute of Design enlivens interior for Mumbai monorail |date=1 February 2014 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> with black and white stripes.<ref name="indiatimes1"/>
The monorail uses [[Scomi SUTRA]] systems built in Malaysia by [[Scomi Rail]] Bhd. The first car was shipped to India on 2 January 2010, marking the first time that rail cars manufactured by the company were exported overseas.<ref name="thestar1">{{cite web |author=B.K. Sidhu |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx/?file=%2f2010%2f1%2f2%2fbusiness%2f5398248&sec=business |title=Mumbai debut for Scomi rail car |publisher=Thestar.com.my |date=2 January 2010 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=19 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219135724/http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx/?file=%2f2010%2f1%2f2%2fbusiness%2f5398248&sec=business |url-status=live }}</ref> Six trains currently operate in the first phase of the line. Ten more will be added in the second phase.<ref name="punemirror1">{{cite news |url=http://www.punemirror.in/article/2/20140131201401311025033124d8463a7/Mumbai-to-flag-off-monorail-on-Feb-1.html |title=Mumbai to flag off monorail on Feb 1 |newspaper=[[Pune Mirror]] |date=26 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202194207/http://www.punemirror.in/article/2/20140131201401311025033124d8463a7/Mumbai-to-flag-off-monorail-on-Feb-1.html |archive-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> Monorail trains are [[Variations of pink|royal pink]], [[apple green]], and [[Shades of blue|ice blue]] in colour,<ref name="indiatimes3">{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/National-Institute-of-Design-enlivens-interior-for-Mumbai-monorail/articleshow/29684232.cms |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140202143056/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-02-01/ahmedabad/46897367_1_mumbai-monorail-nid-metropolitan-region-development-authority |url-status=live |archive-date=2 February 2014 |title=National Institute of Design enlivens interior for Mumbai monorail |date=1 February 2014 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> with black and white stripes.<ref name="indiatimes1"/>

Each monorail train consists of four coaches with a combined passenger capacity of 568.<ref>{{cite web |author=Ranjeet Jadhav |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/all-aboard-indias-first-monorail-begins-operation-in-mumbai/15064037 |title=All aboard! India's first monorail begins operation in Mumbai |publisher=Mid-day.com |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203165017/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/all-aboard-indias-first-monorail-begins-operation-in-mumbai/15064037 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mumbai's monorail: Key facts you want to know |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/infrastructure/mumbais-monorail-key-facts-you-want-to-know/seating-capacity/slideshow/18555107.cms |access-date=19 May 2013 |archive-date=2 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302063507/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/infrastructure/mumbais-monorail-key-facts-you-want-to-know/seating-capacity/slideshow/18555107.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The low number of seats was to ensure that the flow of people in and out of the coach was not hampered.<ref name ="IBN1"/> Some sections of seats are reserved for pregnant women, the elderly and the differently-abled.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/transport-for-the-facebook-era-114020701301_1.html |title=Transport for the facebook era |newspaper=Business Standard |date=7 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222210852/http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/transport-for-the-facebook-era-114020701301_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Handrails and handgrips are installed in coaches, within easy reach of all standing passengers. A 4-coach monorail train has a total length of 44.8 metres, and each coach weighs 15 tonnes.<ref name="autocarindia1">{{cite web |url=http://www.autocarindia.com/auto-features/mumbai-monorail-the-future-is-here-371098.aspx/0 |title=Mumbai Monorail: The future is here |publisher=Autocar India |date=31 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=19 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219120319/http://www.autocarindia.com/auto-features/mumbai-monorail-the-future-is-here-371098.aspx/0 |url-status=live }}</ref> All coaches are air-conditioned.<ref name ="IBN1">{{cite web |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/15216-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202235246/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/15216-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 February 2014 |title=In pics: Pink, blue, green - Mumbai's colourful Monorail |publisher=IBNLive |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> There are two CCTV cameras installed in each coach.<ref name="asianage1">{{cite news |author=Anand Mishra |url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/mono-tokens-serve-tickets-045 |title=In mono, tokens to serve as tickets |newspaper=The Asian Age |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=18 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218232901/http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/mono-tokens-serve-tickets-045 |url-status=live }}</ref>


In March 2023, after an uptick in ridership, the MMRDA ordered 10 new trains for the route.<ref>[https://www.financialexpress.com/business/railways-mumbais-monorail-sees-uptick-in-ridership-but-commuters-still-prefer-taking-metro-heres-why-3024112/ Mumbai's monorail sees uptick in ridership but commuters still prefer taking metro, here's why.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724184001/https://www.financialexpress.com/business/railways-mumbais-monorail-sees-uptick-in-ridership-but-commuters-still-prefer-taking-metro-heres-why-3024112/ |date=24 July 2023 }} ''Financial Express''. 28 March 2023.</ref>
Each monorail train consists of 4 coaches having a combined passenger capacity of 568.<ref>{{cite web|author=Ranjeet Jadhav |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/all-aboard-indias-first-monorail-begins-operation-in-mumbai/15064037 |title=All aboard! India's first monorail begins operation in Mumbai |publisher=Mid-day.com |date=2 February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> There are roughly 18 seated and 142 standing passengers at an average of seven persons per square metre per carriage (the end cars have a different capacity due to the driving position).<ref>{{cite news|title=Mumbai's monorail: Key facts you want to know|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/infrastructure/mumbais-monorail-key-facts-you-want-to-know/seating-capacity/slideshow/18555107.cms}}</ref> The low number of seats was to ensure that the flow of people in and out of the coach was not hampered.<ref name ="IBN1"/> Some sections of seats are reserved for pregnant women, the elderly and the differently-abled.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/transport-for-the-facebook-era-114020701301_1.html |title=Transport for the facebook era |newspaper=Business Standard |date=7 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Handrails and handgrips are installed in coaches, within easy reach of all standing passengers. A 4-coach monorail train has a total length of 44.8 metres, and each coach weighs 15 tonnes.<ref name="autocarindia1">{{cite web|url=http://www.autocarindia.com/auto-features/mumbai-monorail-the-future-is-here-371098.aspx/0 |title=Mumbai Monorail: The future is here |publisher=Autocar India |date=31 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> All coaches are air-conditioned.<ref name ="IBN1">{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/15216-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202235246/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/15216-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 February 2014 |title=In pics: Pink, blue, green - Mumbai's colourful Monorail |publisher=IBNLive |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> There are 2 CCTV cameras installed in each coach.<ref name="asianage1">{{cite news|author=Anand Mishra|url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/mono-tokens-serve-tickets-045 |title=In mono, tokens to serve as tickets |newspaper=The Asian Age |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>


===Stations===
===Stations===
The elevated stations can be reached via staircases and escalators.<ref name="indiatimes1"/> Each station will soon have a total of four escalators - two from ground level to concourse, and two more from concourse to the platform.<ref name="indiatimes2">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-01-02/mumbai/45797915_1_escalators-chembur-and-wadala-monorail-stations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202180412/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-01-02/mumbai/45797915_1_escalators-chembur-and-wadala-monorail-stations |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 February 2014 |title=Escalators at monorail stations only by March |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=2 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref><ref name="dnaindia1">{{cite web|author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-no-escalators-at-mono-stations-till-monsoon-in-mumbai-1944010 |title=No escalators at mono stations till monsoon in Mumbai |publisher=DNA |date=2 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> Stations do not have any public toilets.<ref name="indianexpress3">{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-ready-to-roll-out-teething-troubles-remain/ |title=Monorail ready to roll out, teething troubles remain |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=31 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> MMRDA Commissioner UPS Madan said, "Nowhere in the world are there public toilets at monorail stations. The monorail journey is a short one, so the provision of public toilets was not made when the plan for stations was chalked out."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/why-it-would-be-tough-to-pinpoint-the-first-monorail-passenger/15063007 |title=Why it would be tough to pinpoint the first monorail passenger - News |publisher=Mid-day.com |date= February 2014|access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> All stations are equipped with baggage scanners, armed security guards at all stations entry points and CCTV cameras.<ref name="travelerstoday1">{{cite web|url=http://www.travelerstoday.com/articles/8434/20140130/mumbai-monorail.htm |title=Mumbai Monorail: India's First Monorail to Start Operations on Feb 1 |publisher=TravelersToday |date=29 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> Personnel of the Maharashtra State Security Corporation (MSSC) are deployed at the stations.<ref name="thehindubusinessline1">{{cite web|author=Rahul Wadke |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/mumbai-monorail-first-phase-to-be-ready-soon/article5627308.ece |title=Mumbai monorail first phase to be ready soon &#124; Business Line |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com |date=28 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>
The elevated stations can be reached via staircases and escalators.<ref name="indiatimes1"/><ref name="indiatimes2">{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Escalators-at-monorail-stations-only-by-March/articleshow/28252062.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202180412/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-01-02/mumbai/45797915_1_escalators-chembur-and-wadala-monorail-stations |url-status=live |archive-date=2 February 2014 |title=Escalators at monorail stations only by March |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=2 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref><ref name="dnaindia1">{{cite web |author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-no-escalators-at-mono-stations-till-monsoon-in-mumbai-1944010 |title=No escalators at mono stations till monsoon in Mumbai |publisher=DNA |date=2 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=4 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104041032/http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-no-escalators-at-mono-stations-till-monsoon-in-mumbai-1944010 |url-status=live }}</ref> Stations do not have any public toilets.<ref name="indianexpress3">{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-ready-to-roll-out-teething-troubles-remain/ |title=Monorail ready to roll out, teething troubles remain |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=31 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=2 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202082541/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-ready-to-roll-out-teething-troubles-remain/ |url-status=live }}</ref> MMRDA Commissioner UPS Madan said, "Nowhere in the world are there public toilets at monorail stations. The monorail journey is a short one, so the provision of public toilets was not made when the plan for stations was chalked out."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/why-it-would-be-tough-to-pinpoint-the-first-monorail-passenger/15063007 |title=Why it would be tough to pinpoint the first monorail passenger - News |publisher=Mid-day.com |date=February 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203151449/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/why-it-would-be-tough-to-pinpoint-the-first-monorail-passenger/15063007 |url-status=live }}</ref> All stations are equipped with baggage scanners, armed security guards at all stations entry points and CCTV cameras.<ref name="travelerstoday1">{{cite web |url=http://www.travelerstoday.com/articles/8434/20140130/mumbai-monorail.htm |title=Mumbai Monorail: India's First Monorail to Start Operations on Feb 1 |publisher=TravelersToday |date=29 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152200/https://www.travelerstoday.com/articles/8434/20140130/mumbai-monorail.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Personnel of the Maharashtra State Security Corporation (MSSC) are deployed at the stations.<ref name="thehindubusinessline1">{{cite web |author=Rahul Wadke |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/mumbai-monorail-first-phase-to-be-ready-soon/article5627308.ece |title=Mumbai monorail first phase to be ready soon &#124; Business Line |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com |date=28 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=4 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140204023347/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/mumbai-monorail-first-phase-to-be-ready-soon/article5627308.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>


As part of the Station Area Traffic Improvement Scheme (SATIS), the MMRDA announced in April 2017 that it would move all bus and taxi stands to a distance of about 40–50 metres away from the monorail stations. The MMRDA believes that the current location of the stand just next the stations results in traffic congestion and restricts movement of pedestrians.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mumbai: MMRDA to make monorail corridor congestion free|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-mmrda-to-make-monorail-corridor-congestion-free/18143180|website=mid-day|access-date=7 April 2017|language=en|date=6 April 2017}}</ref>
As part of the Station Area Traffic Improvement Scheme (SATIS), the MMRDA announced in April 2017 that it would move all bus and taxi stands to a distance of about 40–50 metres away from the monorail stations. The MMRDA believes that the current location of the stand just next the stations results in traffic congestion and restricts movement of pedestrians.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mumbai: MMRDA to make monorail corridor congestion free |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-mmrda-to-make-monorail-corridor-congestion-free/18143180 |website=mid-day |access-date=7 April 2017 |language=en |date=6 April 2017 |archive-date=12 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712085125/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-mmrda-to-make-monorail-corridor-congestion-free/18143180 |url-status=live }}</ref>


===Depot and control centre===
===Depot and control centre===
At Wadala, facilities were built on a 6.5-hectare site for administration and other operational needs.<ref name="mid-day1">{{cite news|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/hop-on-to-the-first-monorail-this-sunday/15060046 |title=Hop on to the first Monorail this Sunday |newspaper=[[Mid-Day]] |date=31 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The operation control centre is equipped with surveillance video feeds from CCTVs and SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition), which monitors the power supply.<ref name="livemint1"/> Vehicle and train washing specialist Smith Bros & Webb was awarded a contract to provide Britannia Train Wash plants for the Mumbai Monorail. Smith Bros & Webb designs and manufactures its own wash equipment under the brand name of Britannia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebusinessdesk.com/westmidlands/news/578053-train-wash-specialist-smith-bros-amp-webb-cleans-up-with-international-orders-worth-2.5m.html?news_section=273986# |title=International Trade / Train wash specialist Smith Bros & Webb cleans up with international orders worth £2.5m |publisher=Thebusinessdesk.com |date=14 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>
At Wadala, facilities were built on a 6.5-hectare site for administration and other operational needs.<ref name="mid-day1">{{cite news |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/hop-on-to-the-first-monorail-this-sunday/15060046 |title=Hop on to the first Monorail this Sunday |newspaper=[[Mid-Day]] |date=31 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152910/https://pghbl1.pubgalaxy.com/proxy?session_id=1718551707964vIiYTOyNuQ&adunit_id=%2F8095840%2C1025214%2F.2_A.41300.3_mid-day.com_tier1&site=www.mid-day.com&r=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> The operation control centre is equipped with surveillance video feeds from CCTVs and SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition), which monitors the power supply.<ref name="livemint1"/> Vehicle and train washing specialist Smith Bros & Webb was awarded a contract to provide Britannia Train Wash plants for the Mumbai Monorail. Smith Bros & Webb designs and manufactures its own wash equipment under the brand name of Britannia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thebusinessdesk.com/westmidlands/news/578053-train-wash-specialist-smith-bros-amp-webb-cleans-up-with-international-orders-worth-2.5m.html?news_section=273986 |title=International Trade / Train wash specialist Smith Bros & Webb cleans up with international orders worth £2.5m |publisher=Thebusinessdesk.com |date=14 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=23 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223135521/http://www.thebusinessdesk.com/westmidlands/news/578053-train-wash-specialist-smith-bros-amp-webb-cleans-up-with-international-orders-worth-2.5m.html?news_section=273986 |url-status=live }}</ref>


===Safety and security===
===Safety and security===
Every station on the line is equipped with Door Frame Metal Detectors (DFMDs),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/disaster-in-waiting-your-monorail-ride-is-under-threat-from-tankers/15096068 |title=Disaster in waiting? Your monorail ride is under threat from tankers |publisher=Mid-day.com |date=15 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> X-ray baggage scanners, CCTV cameras<ref name="indiatimes5">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Mumbai-monorail-Bomb-squads-and-CCTVs-secure-stations/articleshow/29794910.cms |title=Mumbai monorail: Bomb squads and CCTVs secure stations |newspaper=The Times of India |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> and comply with NFPA (National Fire Protection Agency) 130 norms.<ref name="livemint1"/> Around 500 armed personnel and private guards are deployed at the 7 stations of the first phase. Officers in [[Plainclothes law enforcement|plainclothes]] are present inside trains, and real-time checks are conducted to curb criminal activities.<ref name="indiatimes5"/> All stations have armed security guards at all entry points,<ref name="travelerstoday1"/> and personnel of the Maharashtra State Security Corporation (MSSC) are deployed at the stations.<ref name="thehindubusinessline1"/> All personnel manning the station premises are equipped with hand-held detectors. A bomb detection and disposal squad and a dog squad are also deployed at all stations.<ref name="indiatimes5"/>
Every station on the line is equipped with metal detectors,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/disaster-in-waiting-your-monorail-ride-is-under-threat-from-tankers/15096068 |title=Disaster in waiting? Your monorail ride is under threat from tankers |publisher=Mid-day.com |date=15 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152754/https://pghbl1.pubgalaxy.com/proxy?session_id=17185516324159FgUTZMC5s&adunit_id=%2F8095840%2C1025214%2F.2_A.41300.3_mid-day.com_tier1&site=www.mid-day.com&r=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> X-ray baggage scanners, and CCTV cameras<ref name="indiatimes5">{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Mumbai-monorail-Bomb-squads-and-CCTVs-secure-stations/articleshow/29794910.cms |title=Mumbai monorail: Bomb squads and CCTVs secure stations |newspaper=The Times of India |date=3 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152838/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Mumbai-monorail-Bomb-squads-and-CCTVs-secure-stations/articleshow/29794910.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> in compliance with national standards.<ref name="livemint1"/> Around 500 armed personnel and private guards are deployed at the 7 stations of the first phase. Officers in [[Plainclothes law enforcement|plainclothes]] are present inside trains, and real-time checks are conducted to curb criminal activities.<ref name="indiatimes5"/> All stations have armed security guards at all entry points,<ref name="travelerstoday1"/> and personnel of the Maharashtra State Security Corporation (MSSC) are deployed at the stations.<ref name="thehindubusinessline1"/> All personnel manning the station premises are equipped with hand-held detectors. A bomb detection and disposal squad and a dog squad are also deployed at all stations.<ref name="indiatimes5"/>


The doors of coaches will not open when the train is in motion.<ref name="autocarindia1"/> Train operators will be given breath analyser tests when they report for duty. Violations will be met with disciplinary action, fines, and possible civil charges.<ref>{{cite web|author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-dna-exclusive-mumbai-monorail-captains-will-be-subjected-to-breath-analyser-tests-1958380 |title=dna exclusive: Mumbai monorail captains will be subjected to breath-analyser tests &#124; Latest News & Updates at |publisher=Dnaindia.com |date=22 October 2013 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref>
Train operators will be given breath analyser tests when they report for duty. Violations will be met with disciplinary action, fines, and possible civil charges.<ref>{{cite web |author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-dna-exclusive-mumbai-monorail-captains-will-be-subjected-to-breath-analyser-tests-1958380 |title=dna exclusive: Mumbai monorail captains will be subjected to breath-analyser tests &#124; Latest News & Updates at |publisher=Dnaindia.com |date=22 October 2013 |access-date=2 February 2014 |archive-date=3 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203065715/http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-dna-exclusive-mumbai-monorail-captains-will-be-subjected-to-breath-analyser-tests-1958380 |url-status=live }}</ref>


==Operations==
==Operations==
[[File:Mumbai Monorail train.jpg|thumb|A Mumbai Monorail train at Bhakti Park station.]]
[[File:Mumbai Monorail train.jpg|thumb|A Mumbai Monorail train at Bhakti Park station]]


===Fares===
===Operator===
[[Scomi|Scomi Engineering]] built and operated the monorail line. The MMRDA paid Scomi {{INRConvert|15.60|c}} monthly as fees for operating the line.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mumbai monorail: MMRDA to give contract to new operator, decides to cancel contract of Scomi Engineering - Mumbai Mirror -|url=http://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/mumbai-monorail-mmrda-to-give-contract-to-new-operator-decides-to-cancel-contract-of-scomi-engineering/articleshow/58150890.cms|website=Mumbai Mirror|access-date=13 April 2017}}</ref> The MMRDA terminated the Scomi and L&T consortium's contract to operate the monorail on 14 December 2018 citing failure to meet contractual obligations despite several deadline extensions. Subsequently, the MMRDA assumed control over the operations and maintenance of the monorail.<ref>{{cite web |title=MMRDA Terminates Monorail Contract With L&T JV |url=https://www.bloombergquint.com/business/mmrda-terminates-monorail-contract-with-lt-jv#gs.K8NJ3501 |website=BloombergQuint |date=14 December 2018 |access-date=11 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Mahale |first1=Ajeet |title=MMRDA takes over Monorail |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/mmrda-takes-over-monorail/article25746882.ece |website=The Hindu |access-date=11 January 2019 |language=en-IN |date=15 December 2018}}</ref>
On 1 February 2014, at the time of inauguration the minimum fare on [[Line 1 (Mumbai Monorail)|Line 1]] was {{INR}}5. Currently, the minimum fare is ₹10, and maximum ₹40.


===Noise===
===Ticketing===
The Mumbai Monorail uses an automated fare collection system,<ref name="livemint1"/> where tickets are sold in the form of electronically programmed journey tokens. Tokens are valid for 20 minutes for use at the same station, and 90 minutes for exit at any other station.<ref name="asianage1"/> The minimum fare on the line is {{INR}}5 and the maximum is {{INR}}11.<ref name="mumbaimirror1">{{cite news|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/Mumbai/Others/Monorail-sees-first-fare-hike-even-before-inauguration/articleshow/29620971.cms |title=Monorail sees first fare hike even before inauguration |newspaper=Mumbai Mirror |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> A smart card costs {{INRConvert|100}}, of which {{INR}}50 is a refundable security deposit and {{INR}}50 can be used for travel.<ref name="dnaindia2">{{cite web|author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-monorail-passengers-can-break-rules-at-their-own-peril-1958376 |title=Mumbai monorail: Passengers can break rules at their own peril |publisher=DNA |date=22 October 2013 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> Children below 90&nbsp;cm height ride for free. No tourist passes are sold.<ref name="dnaindia2"/> The MMRDA had planned to allow the purchase return tickets,<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Mumbai-12-hour-monorail-services-return-tickets-by-month-end/articleshow/31367542.cms |title=Mumbai: 12-hour monorail services, return tickets by month-end |work=The Times of India |date=4 March 2014 |access-date=1 April 2014}}</ref> but initially dropped plans due to "complications".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/City/Mumbai/No-return-ticket-but-pass-system-likely-on-Mumbai-monorail/articleshow/33091191.cms|title = Pass system likely on Mumbai monorail: No return ticket, but pass system likely on Mumbai monorail &#124; Mumbai News - Times of India|website = [[The Times of India]]| date=2 April 2014 }}</ref> However, same-day return journey tokens were introduced from October 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai/mumbai-mmrda-introduces-return-tickets-for-monorail-commuters/story-kBhcO518zpN69v5m8oI80I.html|title=Mumbai: MMRDA introduces return tickets for Monorail commuters|date=27 October 2014}}</ref> They are considering offering passes for daily, monthly, and quarterly use.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-monorail-options-queue-up-twice-or-buy-costly-pass-1974386|title=Monorail options: Queue up twice or buy costly pass}}</ref>
According to studies conducted by the Mumbai Metropolitan Regional Development Authority (MMRDA) during the monorail trial run, it was found that the monorail produces between 65 – 85 decibels of noise, significantly lower than the 95 decibel noise level of a [[BEST Transport division|BEST Bus]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_monorail-quieter-than-best-bus-say-officials_1784489 |title=Monorail quieter than BEST bus, say officials |publisher=DNA |access-date=16 July 2013}}</ref>


;Fares
===Speed===
Fares as on 2 February 2015.<ref name="mid-day.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/a-look-at-the-mumbai-monorail-as-it-completes-a-year/15957160|title=A look at the Mumbai Monorail as it completes a year|date=2 February 2015}}</ref>
The monorail will have a top speed of {{convert|80|km/h|mph}}, an average speed of {{convert|65|km/h|mph}}<ref name="times" /> and the overall speed including dwell time at stations would be around {{convert|31|km/h|mph}}.<ref name="accommodationtimes1"/>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Distance (km) !! Cost
|-
| 0 - 3 || {{INRConvert|5}}
|-
| 3 - 5 || {{INRConvert|7}}
|-
| 5 - 7 || {{INRConvert|9}}
|-
| 7 - 10 || {{INRConvert|11}}
|-
| 10 - 15 || {{INRConvert|14}}
|-
| 15 - 20 || {{INRConvert|15}}
|-
| More than 20 || {{INRConvert|19}}
|}


===Capacity and frequency===
===Frequency===
Trains operate from 6{{nbsp}}am to 10{{nbsp}}pm, with the last service departing from both Wadala Depot and Chembur at 2207 (10:07{{nbsp}}pm). The services are operated every 15 minutes on the line.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-s-monorail-operation-times-set-to-extend-from-tomorrow-1978046|title = Mumbai's monorail operation times set to extend from tomorrow}}</ref> Trains have a top speed of 80&nbsp;km/h, and an average speed of 65&nbsp;km/h.<ref>{{cite web|author=Our Bureau |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/states/mumbai-monorail-services-to-get-going-this-sunday/article5635639.ece |title=Mumbai monorail services to get going this Sunday &#124; Business Line |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com |date=25 January 2014 |access-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> The system has been designed for a 3-minute headway with operation from 05:00 to 24:00.
The capacity of each four-car consist is 568 [[commuter]]s under a '[[crush load]]'<ref>{{cite news | url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/photos/trial-run-of-mumbai-monorail-photo-2029372469.html | title=Trial run of mumbai monorail photo | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707035634/http://in.news.yahoo.com/photos/trial-run-of-mumbai-monorail-photo-2029372469.html | archive-date=7 July 2013 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> and 852 passengers for a six-car consist.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/1718446/report-mumbai-monorail-dream-run-ends-before-take-off |title=Mumbai Monorail dream run ends before take-off |publisher=DNA |access-date=16 July 2013 }}</ref> There are roughly 20 seated and 124 standing passengers per carriage (the end cars have a different capacity due to the driving position).<ref>{{cite news | url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/infrastructure/mumbais-monorail-key-facts-you-want-to-know/seating-capacity/slideshow/18555107.cms | title=Key facts you want to know about Mumbai's monorail | work=[[The Economic Times]] | access-date=24 February 2014}}</ref>
The system has been designed for a 3-minute headway with operation from 05:00 to 24:00. In December 2017, the frequency is only 18,000 passengers per day.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/mumbai-monorail-a-waste-of-public-money-says-maharashtra-public-accounts-committee/story-jUwiiq9P2ZQPspULcdoDXI.html|title=Mumbai monorail a waste of public money, says Maharashtra public accounts committee|date=16 December 2017|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=28 December 2018}}</ref>


Monorail services initially operated only between 7{{nbsp}}am and 3{{nbsp}}pm, running 64 services per day.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Monorail-to-extend-timings-from-Apr-15/articleshow/32807310.cms |title=Monorail to extend timings from Apr 15 |newspaper=The Times of India |date=28 March 2014 |access-date=1 April 2014}}</ref><ref name="dnaindia.com">{{cite web |title=6 Monorails defunct, commuters fume over frequency |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-6-monorails-defunct-commuters-fume-over-frequency-2737399 |date=8 April 2019 |access-date=10 June 2019 |archive-date=21 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121175658/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-6-monorails-defunct-commuters-fume-over-frequency-2737399 |url-status=live }}</ref> The MMRDA had stated that operating hours would be extended after authorities increased operations and maintenance staff, as well as studied the passenger traffic.<ref name="indianexpress3"/> MMRDA commissioner U.P.S. Madan announced on 3 March 2014 that monorail services would operate from 7{{nbsp}}am to 7{{nbsp}}pm before the end of that month.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> This was later postponed to mid-April, but plans were modified to operate the monorail in a 14-hour shift from 6{{nbsp}}am to 8{{nbsp}}pm. The MMRDA doubled its staff strength in order to operate the additional services.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com"/><ref name="dnaindia.com"/> The monorail began operating from 6{{nbsp}}am to 8{{nbsp}}pm, starting 15 April 2014, bringing the total number of services operating per day to 112.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/mumbai-monorail-timings-extended/article5910524.ece|title = Mumbai monorail timings extended| date=14 April 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/monorail-extend-timings-303|title=Monorail to extend timings|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416205659/https://www.asianage.com/mumbai/monorail-extend-timings-303|archive-date=2014-04-16|access-date=2023-08-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> Operating hours were further extended to 10{{nbsp}}pm starting 15 August 2014,<ref name="ReferenceB">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-a-year-on-monorail-notches-up-a-milestone-of-50-lakh-riders-2057228|title=A year on, Monorail notches up a milestone of 50 lakh riders}}</ref> increasing the number of daily services to 131.<ref name="mid-day.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/a-look-at-the-mumbai-monorail-as-it-completes-a-year/15957160|title=A look at the Mumbai Monorail as it completes a year|date=2 February 2015}}</ref>
The monorail initially operated from 7{{nbsp}}am and 3{{nbsp}}pm.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/MAH-MUM-attention-mumbaikars-citys-first-monorail-will-soon-to-be-available-for-you-betw-4360038-NOR.html |title=Attention Mumbaikars! City's first monorail will soon be available between 7 am and 3 pm. |publisher=Bhaskar |date=28 August 2013 |access-date=6 December 2013}}</ref> This was later expanded to 7{{nbsp}}am to 7{{nbsp}}pm. The full operating hours will be from 5{{nbsp}}am to midnight, starting by February 2015.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/to-start-with-monorail-will-run-only-for-8-hrs-a-day/1161039/0 |title=To start with, Monorail will run only for 8 hrs a day |newspaper=Indian Express |date=28 August 2013 |access-date=6 December 2013}}</ref> The MMRDA announced that Mumbai monorail from Wadala depot to Chembur will be running for 14 hours straight. The services would run from 6{{nbsp}}am to 8{{nbsp}}pm with a frequency of 15 minutes. Extended timing will also result in increase in number of monorail services per day from 64 to 112.


===Ridership===
After Phase 2 opened, schedule was changed to 6{{nbsp}}am to 10{{nbsp}}pm with frequency of 45 minutes.<ref name="dnaindia.com">{{cite web |title=6 Monorails defunct, commuters fume over frequency |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-6-monorails-defunct-commuters-fume-over-frequency-2737399|date=8 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="hindustantimes.com"/>
On opening day, 19,678 passengers travelled on the line. Sixty-six services were operated on the first day,<ref name="dnaindia4"/> netting a revenue of {{INRConvert|2.2|l}} through the sale of tickets and smart cards.<ref name="indianexpress5"/><ref name="dnaindia3"/> Sixty-four services were operated on the second day of operations, a frequency of one train every 7–8 minutes. Around 19,600 passengers used the monorail service, netting a revenue of {{INRConvert|2.5|l}}.<ref name="dnaindia4"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/until-phase-ii-starts-monorail-will-just-be-a-tourist-attraction-experts/15068045 |title=Until Phase II starts, monorail will just be a tourist attraction |newspaper=Mid-Day |date=4 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> On the second day operations, the MMRDA also announced that it had decided to install three benches on each platform.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Monorail-to-run-12-hours-from-March/articleshow/29836199.cms |title=Monorail to run 12 hours from March |newspaper=The Times of India |date=4 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> The line transported 19,800 people on Day 3, operating a total of 64 trips.<ref>{{cite web|author=Ateeq Shaikh |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-mumbai-monorail-goes-houseful-on-day-3-too-1959412 |title=Mumbai Monorail goes houseful on Day 3 too |publisher=DNA |date=5 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> In the first week of operations (2–8 February 2014), the monorail transported 1,36,865 passengers in about 512 trips, earning a total revenue of {{INR}}14,24,810. A total of 1,32,523 tokens and 1409 smart cards were also sold during the first week.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/mumbai-monorail-a-hit-136-000-use-it-in-a-week-114021000017_1.html |title=Mumbai monorail a hit, 136,000 use it in a week |newspaper=Business Standard |date=10 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Anand Mishra |url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/136-lakh-passengers-rode-mono-week-246 |title=1.36 lakh passengers rode Mono in a week |newspaper=The Asian Age |date=10 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/monorail-genuine-clientele-hits-security-hurdle/ |title=Monorail genuine clientele hits security hurdle |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=18 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Between 8–15 February 142,410 commuters travelled across the corridor in over 521 trips, earning the monorail a total revenue of {{INR}}27,95,115. More than 500 smart cards were sold in the second week itself.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Revenue-of-monorail-doubles-in-second-week/articleshow/30488978.cms |title=Revenue of monorail doubles in second week |newspaper=The Times of India |date=16 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/monorail-earns-rs-2795115-in-first-week/15097087 |title=Monorail earns Rs 27,95,115 in first week |publisher=Mid-day.com |date=16 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Ridership dropped 18% in the third week compared to the first week. About 1.12 lakh passengers made 475 trips on the monorail, earning a revenue of {{INR}}10.50 lakh.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Monorail-users-drop-to-1-12-lakh-in-3rd-week/articleshow/30923029.cms |title=Monorail users drop to 1.12 lakh in 3rd week |newspaper=The Times of India |date=24 February 2014 |access-date=1 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/MAH-MUM-maharashtra-news-monorail-fails-to-impress-mumbaikars-just-3-week-into-operation-4531110-NOR.html |title=Monorail FAILS to impress Mumbaikars: Just 3 week into operation, commuters move away from multi-crore transportation system! |publisher=daily.bhaskar.com |date=24 February 2014 |access-date=1 April 2014}}</ref> Revenues dropped by over 40% in the fourth week of operations (compared to the first week), as 92,771 rode the monorail.<ref>{{cite news|author=Anand Mishra |url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/monorail-traffic-drops-33-revenue-40-658 |title=Monorail traffic drops by 33%, revenue by 40% |newspaper=The Asian Age |date=3 March 2014 |access-date=1 April 2014}}</ref> According to the MMRDA, between 2 February and 1 March, a total of 4,58,871 commuters used the monorail, generating a total revenue {{INR}}44,66,522.<ref name="dnaindia5">{{cite web|author=DNA Correspondent |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-30-days-45l-commuters-in-monorail-1966313 |title=30 days, 4.5l commuters in monorail |publisher=Daily News & Analysis (DNA) |date=3 March 2014 |access-date=1 April 2014}}</ref>

Over the next two weeks, 76,590 and 41,405 passengers respectively traveled on the line.<ref name="indianexpress.com">{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/extended-monorail-running-hours-fails-to-pull-crowd/|title=Extended Monorail running hours fails to pull crowd|newspaper=The Indian Express |date=17 April 2014}}</ref> The average daily ridership dropped from 20,000 during the first few weeks to 15,000 by March 2014.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com"/> In the last full week of 8-hour operations (from 6 to 12 April), 65,760 commuters used the monorail. Services began operating for 14-hours daily, beginning 15 April 2014,<ref name="indianexpress.com"/> carrying 15,016 commuters for revenue of {{INR}}1.32 lakh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-monorail-earns-over-rs-1-lakh-on-first-day-of-extended-run/15233091|title = Mumbai Monorail earns over Rs 1 lakh on first day of extended run|date = 16 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/monorail-starts-14-hour-day-run-706|title=Monorail starts 14-hour per day run|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140418220703/https://www.asianage.com/mumbai/monorail-starts-14-hour-day-run-706|archive-date=2014-04-18|url-status=dead|access-date=2023-08-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/mumbai-monorail-carries-more-than-15000-commuters-garners-rs-1.32-lakh-on-day-1-of-extended-hours/1241226|title = Mumbai Monorail carries more than 15,000 commuters, garners Rs 1.32 lakh on Day 1 of extended hours|date = 17 April 2014}}</ref> By the last week of January 2015, the monorail had ferried nearly 51 lakh passengers since it began operations.<ref name="ReferenceC">{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Mono-ferries-51-lakh-people-to-their-destination-in-first-year-of-operation/articleshow/46082305.cms|title=Mono ferries 51 lakh people to their destination in first year of operation &#124; Mumbai News - Times of India|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=February 2015 }}</ref>

Consumption of food and chewing tobacco in the premises above the concourse is prohibited.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://freepressjournal.in/monorail-monthly-passes-on-anvil/ |title=Monorail monthly passes on anvil |publisher=Freepressjournal.in |date=9 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref>

According to a passenger survey by the MMRDA, 73% of the monorail commuters are regular users, commuting to their workplace or educational institute.<ref name="ReferenceC"/> Seventy percent of commuters reached stations on foot. Commuters in the age group of 16–22 years made up 33% of the ridership, and those in the age groups of 23–30 years and 31–58 years made up 29% each.<ref name="mid-day.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/a-look-at-the-mumbai-monorail-as-it-completes-a-year/15957160|title=A look at the Mumbai Monorail as it completes a year|date=2 February 2015}}</ref>

===Noise===
According to studies conducted by the MMRDA during the monorail trial run, the trains produce between 65 to 85 decibels of noise, significantly lower than the 95 decibel noise level of a [[BEST Transport division|BEST Bus]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_monorail-quieter-than-best-bus-say-officials_1784489 |title=Monorail quieter than BEST bus, say officials |publisher=DNA |access-date=16 July 2013 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152825/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-monorail-quieter-than-best-bus-say-officials-1784489 |url-status=live }}</ref>


===Future===
===Future===
There have been calls among several experts to extend the Mumbai Monorail Line 1 from its current southern endpoint of [[Jacob Circle monorail station|Jacob Circle]] to further west for till Babulnath Mandir Via Lala lajpat Rai College towards [[Gopalrao Deshmukh Marg]] and also then to extend from the current starting point of [[Chembur monorail station]] and extend by 2&nbsp;km north to [[Ghatkopar metro station|Ghatkopar Station]] via Mahul Road thereby establishing a link between two currently unconnected Transportation hubs, thereby enhancing and adding on the current usability, reach and capacity of the system. Official planning has not begun. In 2021 [[Hyderabad]] based Medha Servo Drives Pvt Ltd got a contract to supply 10 rakes for Mumbai Monorail. First of 10 monorail rakes would be delivered in February 2023, which will increase the monorail's frequency to just 10 minutes.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.metrorailnews.in/mmrda-to-procure-10-rakes-for-the-20-km-monorail-project/|title=Mumbai: MMRDA to get 10 Rakes for the 20 Km Monorail Project|access-date=Sep 22, 2022}}</ref>
There have been calls among several experts to extend the Mumbai Monorail Line 1, but there are no specific plans to expand the system.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.metrorailnews.in/mmrda-to-procure-10-rakes-for-the-20-km-monorail-project/ |title=Mumbai: MMRDA to get 10 Rakes for the 20 Km Monorail Project |access-date=22 September 2022 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616152709/https://www.metrorailnews.in/mmrda-to-procure-10-rakes-for-the-20-km-monorail-project/ |url-status=live }}</ref>


==Network map==
==Network map==
{{Rapid transit OSM map
{{Rapid transit OSM map
| frame-lat = 19.021
| frame-lat = 19.021
| frame-long = 72.862
| frame-long = 72.862
| frame-width = 650
| frame-width = 650
| frame-height = 450
| frame-height = 450
| zoom = 12
| zoom = 12
}}
}}


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{{Railways in Western India}}
{{Railways in Western India}}


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{{coord|19|3|40|N|72|53|51|E|type:railwaystation|display=title}}


[[Category:Mumbai Monorail| ]]
[[Category:Mumbai Monorail| ]]

Latest revision as of 13:54, 14 December 2024

MMRDA
Overview
StatusOperational
OwnerMumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA)
LocaleMumbai, Maharashtra, India
Termini
Stations18
Service
TypeStraddle-beam monorail
Depot(s)Wadala Depot
Rolling stockScomi (6)
Medha Servo (10)
Daily ridership19,000 (April 2017)[1]
Ridership13,072 (2014 weekdays)
16,699 (2014 weekends)[2]
History
Opened2 February 2014; 10 years ago (2014-02-02)
Technical
Line length19.54 km (12.14 mi)[3]
Number of tracks2
CharacterElevated
Track gaugeStraddle-beam monorail
Electrification750 V DC Third rail
Operating speed32 km/h (20 mph) (average)
80 km/h (50 mph) (top)
Route map

km
Chembur Harbour line
Chembur
Sion-Trombay Road
(VNP Marg)
VNP and RC Marg Junction
S G Barve Marg
Fertilizer Township
Bharat Petroleum
Eastern Freeway
Freight Rail (RCF)
Mysore Colony
Bhakti Park
Wadala Depot
Services Operational from (03 Mar 2019)
Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar
Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar Harbour line
Antop Hill
Acharya Atre Nagar
Wadala Bridge
Wadala Road Harbour line
Dadar (East)
Naigaon
Ambedkar Nagar
Mint Colony
Dr. Ambedkar Road/
Lalbaug Flyover
Lower Parel Western line
Lower Parel
Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk
Sources: Google Maps

The MMRDA Mumbai Monorail is a monorail line in the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, built as part of a major expansion of public transport in the city. The project is operated by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA).

The monorail runs from Chembur in the city's eastern suburbs to Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk at Mahalaxmi in south Mumbai, effectively connecting the city's harbour line, central line and western line.[4]

The monorail, as its name suggests, runs on a narrow, single track. A lightweight structure allows the trains to navigate sharp turns in congested urban areas.[5] The Mumbai monorail is the first in India since the Kundala Valley Railways and the Patiala State Monorail Trainways were closed in the 1920s.

The system began commercial operation in 2014, but has achieved only 10% of the estimated ridership. Over budget, with an "unnecessary" route poorly connected to other modes of transport and suffering from poor maintenance, the system has widely been described as a "failure".[6]

History

[edit]

Background

[edit]

The Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) first proposed a monorail in 2005.[7]

On 11 November 2008, Larsen and Toubro partnered with the Malaysian company Scomi Engineering Bhd, and the joint venture (JV) company was awarded a 24.6 billion (US$290 million) contract by the MMRDA to build, operate, and maintain the project of around eight monorail routes in Mumbai by the year 2029.[8] The construction of the first monorail line in Mumbai mostly began from 2014, which would connect Jacob Circle, Wadala and Mahul via Chembur, providing a feeder service to the existing Mumbai Suburban Railway.[9] However, nothing concrete came out of the notification for many years.

In mid-2018, a dispute arose between the MMRDA and the Malaysian company LTSE, with both parties attempting to end the contract with each other. LTSE, which was reportedly defaulting on the contract on multiple counts, wrote to the MMRDA stating that its responsibilities were over, while the MMRDA was trying to end the contract with the Malaysian operator.[10]

The contract with LTSE was finally ended in December 2018.[11] The MMRDA has now taken over the operations of the monorail and, according to the MMRDA, the bus service operating in the city plied crowded and narrow areas at very slow speeds, thus offering no benefits to the commuters and adding to the traffic congestion. The MMRDA stated that the monorail would connect many parts of the city which were not connected by suburban rail system or the proposed metro rail system. The agency also stated that the monorail would be an efficient feeder transit to the metro and suburban rail systems offering efficient, safe, air-conditioned, comfortable and affordable public transport to commuters.[12]

The cost of the monorail service was estimated in 2010 to be 2.0 billion (roughly 850 million (US$10 million) per km). Approximately 135 kilometres (84 mi) of line is planned to be built in phases between 2011 and 2031.[13] The monorail service along with the metro lines have been reported to have incurred losses.[14]

Construction

[edit]

Then Maharashtra Chief Minister Ashok Chavan laid the foundation stone in a ceremony at the Acres Club, Chembur on 9 February 2009.[15] The MMRDA commissioned the construction of the line in two phases. The first stretch linked Wadala on the outskirts of the island city with Chembur in the north-east, and the second connected Wadala with Jacob Circle in South Mumbai.[16] The original deadline for the project was April 2011.[17] The project was delayed by issues involving land, removal of encroachments, delays in getting permissions from the civic body and railways,[18] and missed several deadlines for completion. The following months had all been announced as deadlines for the first phase - December 2010, May 2011, November 2011, May 2012, December 2012, June 2013, August 2013, 15 September 2013,[19] October 2013 and December 2013. Deadlines announced for the second phase were May 2011, December 2011, May 2012, December 2012, December 2013, June 2014, December 2014 and March 2015.[20] A Right to Information (RTI) request filed by RTI activist Anil Galgali revealed that the three-year delay in commissioning the monorail was primarily due to change of alignment of its route, which led to further cost escalation of the project.[21]

A 108-meter test run was successfully conducted on 26 January 2010.[22] A one-kilometer test run from Wadala to the Bhakti Park monorail station was undertaken on 18 February 2012.[23] The first test run of the entire route was conducted by the MMRDA in November 2012.[17]

In late December 2013, the MMRDA announced that it had submitted an application to Safety Certification Authority (Engineer) for the Chembur-Wadala stretch. The Safety Certification Authority goes through the documents, and physically inspects the corridor, and commercial operations can commence only after receiving its approval.[24] The electrical systems were certified by the Electrical Inspector General.[23] The contractor, the consortium of L&T and Scomi Engineering, had safety checks performed by an independent inspector. Official safety checks were performed by SMRT Corp of Singapore and R.C. Garg, retired Commissioner of Railway Safety.[25] The final safety certificate was issued on 20 January.[26][27] The safety certificate was then forwarded to the State Government, which issued a notification for commissioning the system. The notification contains norms for operation and maintenance of the system, which requires approval from the Chief Minister.[28]

Opening

[edit]
Mumbai Monorail trains parked at Wadala Depot station

Line 1 was inaugurated by Maharashtra Chief Minister Prithviraj Chavan on 1 February 2014 at the Wadala Depot monorail station. After flagging off the first monorail train at 3:47 p.m., Chavan along with Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar, and other officials rode the entire route, arriving at Chembur monorail station, 20 minutes later.[29][30][31][32] The party then proceeded to Gandhi Maidan, 15th Road, Chembur (East), where the Chavan declared the monorail "open".[33] The monorail was opened to the public the following day,[34] with the first trip commencing from Wadala Depot at 7:08 a.m.[35] According to the MMRDA, it had very few passengers, as the gates were opened to the public only at 7:10 am, when the train had already left.[36] The first train from the opposite side, departed Chembur at 7:10 am[37] Services had been scheduled to operate until 3:00 p.m., however, station doors were closed by 2:30 p.m. due to larger than expected ridership. Services were operated until 4:30 p.m., in order to provide a ride to everyone who had purchased a ticket.[38] On opening day, 19,678 passengers travelled on the line. Sixty-six services were operated on the first day,[39] netting a revenue of 2.2 lakh (US$2,600) through the sale of tickets and smart cards.[35][40][41]

In the first week of operations (2–8 February 2014), the monorail transported 1,36,865 passengers in about 512 trips, earning a total revenue of 1,424,810. A total of 132,523 tokens and 1409 smart cards were also sold during the first week.[42][43][44] According to the MMRDA, between 2 February and 1 March, a total of 458,871 commuters used the monorail, generating a total revenue 4,466,522.[45] The monorail was closed for the first time on 17 March 2014 due to Holi.[46]

Years of delays later, Phase 2 was inaugurated by Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis on 3 March 2019.[47]

Line 1
Extension date Termini Length Stations
2 February 2014 Chembur Wadala Depot 8.93 kilometers (5.55 mi)[48][49] 7
3 March 2019[50] Wadala Depot Jacob Circle 11.28 kilometers (7.01 mi) 10
Total Chembur Jacob Circle 19.52 kilometers (12.13 mi)[51] 17

Plan

[edit]

The Mumbai Monorail master plan proposed the construction of 8 lines at a cost of 202.96 billion (US$2.4 billion).[52]

Phase Line Corridor Length (km) Estimated cost
Phase I 1 ChemburWadala DepotSant Gadge Maharaj Chowk 19.54 27.16 billion (US$330 million)
2 MulundGoregaonBorivali 30 41.7 billion (US$500 million)
4 LokhandwalaSEEPZKanjur Marg 13.14 18,265 million (US$220 million)
5 ThaneMira-BhayandarDahisar 24.25 33,708 million (US$400 million)
Phase II 6 KalyanUlhasnagarDombivli 26.40 36,696 million (US$440 million)
7 ChemburGhatkoparKoparkhairane 16.72 36,863 million (US$440 million)
8 MahapeShil PhataKalyan 21.10 29,329 million (US$350 million)

In September 2011, the MMRDA said that did not have an immediate plan to begin construction of a second monorail line in the region.[53] They clarified that although it did not mean that they are not interested in carrying out the project, it may not follow the currently planned schedule. An MMRDA official stated, "There is no point in going for new routes. As long as the first route is not commissioned and the results are not out, we would not commission any new routes. MMRDA feels the need for a monorail would arise after all the proposed metro rail routes were commissioned with the monorail serving as a feeder service."[54]

In 2009, the MMRDA proposed the construction of an additional line on the Thane-Bhiwandi-Kalyan route. The route was proposed to have a station at every kilometer, cost 3,750 crore (equivalent to 94 billion or US$1.1 billion in 2023) and be implemented on public-private partnership basis. It was further proposed to extend the corridor from Kalyan to Badlapur in the next phase.[55] This project was shelved by the MMRDA in February 2014. The proposed corridor would have been 23.75 km long, and cost approximately 3,169 crore.[56]

Further development of the monorail system is on hold, and questions have been raised as to whether the proposed monorail corridors will have sufficient capacity to meet Mumbai's requirements.[57] The monorail may not be further extended by the MMRDA, as it may prove inadequate for Mumbai's population density. Foreign consultants have suggested a Metro or LRT system over a monorail for many Indian cities, e.g. Bangalore.[58][59][60]

Line 1

[edit]
Phase 1 of Line 1 on Mumbai map

The only operational line of the Mumbai Monorail, Line 1 connects Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk in South Mumbai with Chembur in eastern Mumbai.[61] It was built at a cost of approximately 3,000 crore (US$360 million). The 20.21 km line is fully elevated. Line 1 is owned and operated by the MMRDA.[62] The monorail supplements service of the Mumbai Suburban Railway in some heavily populated areas.[63] The first phase, built at a cost of 1,100 crore (US$130 million),[50] consists of 7 stations from Chembur to Wadala Depot, and was opened to the public on 2 February 2014. An extension for Line 1 consisting of 11 stations from Wadala Depot to Jacob Circle was built at a cost of 1,900 crore (US$230 million).[29] It suffered through delays due to shortage of functional monorail rakes.[64] Phase 2 finally opened on 3 March 2019.[65]

Line 1
# Station Name Opening Connections
English Marathi
1 Chembur चेंबूर 2 February 2014 Chembur (Harbour Line)
Line 2 (Under construction)
2 VNP and RC Marg Junction व्हीएनपी आणि आरसी मार्ग जंक्शन 2 February 2014 None
3 Fertiliser Township फर्टीलाइझर टाउनशिप 2 February 2014 None
4 Bharat Petroleum भारत पेट्रोलियम 2 February 2014 None
5 Mysore Colony मैसूर कॉलनी 2 February 2014 None
6 Bhakti Park भक्ती पार्क 2 February 2014 Line 4 (Under construction)
7 Wadala Depot वडाळा डेपो 2 February 2014 None
8 Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar गुरू तेग बहादुर नगर 3 March 2019 Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar (Harbour Line)
9 Antop Hill अँटॉप हिल 3 March 2019 None
10 Acharya Atre Nagar आचार्य अत्रे नगर 3 March 2019 None
11 Wadala Bridge वडाळा ब्रिज 3 March 2019 Wadala Road (Harbour Line)
12 Dadar (East) दादर (पूर्व) 3 March 2019 None
13 Naigaon नायगाव 3 March 2019 None
14 Ambedkar Nagar आंबेडकर नगर 3 March 2019 None
15 Mint Colony मिंट कॉलनी 3 March 2019 None
16 Lower Parel लोअर परळ 3 March 2019 Lower Parel (Western Line)
17 Sant Gadge Maharaj Chowk संत गाडगे महाराज चौक 3 March 2019 Line 3 (Under construction)

Infrastructure

[edit]

Rolling stock

[edit]
A train arriving
Interior view

The monorail uses Scomi SUTRA systems built in Malaysia by Scomi Rail Bhd. The first car was shipped to India on 2 January 2010, marking the first time that rail cars manufactured by the company were exported overseas.[66] Six trains currently operate in the first phase of the line. Ten more will be added in the second phase.[67] Monorail trains are royal pink, apple green, and ice blue in colour,[68] with black and white stripes.[63]

Each monorail train consists of four coaches with a combined passenger capacity of 568.[69][70] The low number of seats was to ensure that the flow of people in and out of the coach was not hampered.[71] Some sections of seats are reserved for pregnant women, the elderly and the differently-abled.[72] Handrails and handgrips are installed in coaches, within easy reach of all standing passengers. A 4-coach monorail train has a total length of 44.8 metres, and each coach weighs 15 tonnes.[73] All coaches are air-conditioned.[71] There are two CCTV cameras installed in each coach.[74]

In March 2023, after an uptick in ridership, the MMRDA ordered 10 new trains for the route.[75]

Stations

[edit]

The elevated stations can be reached via staircases and escalators.[63][76][77] Stations do not have any public toilets.[78] MMRDA Commissioner UPS Madan said, "Nowhere in the world are there public toilets at monorail stations. The monorail journey is a short one, so the provision of public toilets was not made when the plan for stations was chalked out."[79] All stations are equipped with baggage scanners, armed security guards at all stations entry points and CCTV cameras.[80] Personnel of the Maharashtra State Security Corporation (MSSC) are deployed at the stations.[81]

As part of the Station Area Traffic Improvement Scheme (SATIS), the MMRDA announced in April 2017 that it would move all bus and taxi stands to a distance of about 40–50 metres away from the monorail stations. The MMRDA believes that the current location of the stand just next the stations results in traffic congestion and restricts movement of pedestrians.[82]

Depot and control centre

[edit]

At Wadala, facilities were built on a 6.5-hectare site for administration and other operational needs.[83] The operation control centre is equipped with surveillance video feeds from CCTVs and SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition), which monitors the power supply.[7] Vehicle and train washing specialist Smith Bros & Webb was awarded a contract to provide Britannia Train Wash plants for the Mumbai Monorail. Smith Bros & Webb designs and manufactures its own wash equipment under the brand name of Britannia.[84]

Safety and security

[edit]

Every station on the line is equipped with metal detectors,[85] X-ray baggage scanners, and CCTV cameras[86] in compliance with national standards.[7] Around 500 armed personnel and private guards are deployed at the 7 stations of the first phase. Officers in plainclothes are present inside trains, and real-time checks are conducted to curb criminal activities.[86] All stations have armed security guards at all entry points,[80] and personnel of the Maharashtra State Security Corporation (MSSC) are deployed at the stations.[81] All personnel manning the station premises are equipped with hand-held detectors. A bomb detection and disposal squad and a dog squad are also deployed at all stations.[86]

Train operators will be given breath analyser tests when they report for duty. Violations will be met with disciplinary action, fines, and possible civil charges.[87]

Operations

[edit]
A Mumbai Monorail train at Bhakti Park station

Operator

[edit]

Scomi Engineering built and operated the monorail line. The MMRDA paid Scomi 15.60 crore (US$1.9 million) monthly as fees for operating the line.[88] The MMRDA terminated the Scomi and L&T consortium's contract to operate the monorail on 14 December 2018 citing failure to meet contractual obligations despite several deadline extensions. Subsequently, the MMRDA assumed control over the operations and maintenance of the monorail.[89][90]

Ticketing

[edit]

The Mumbai Monorail uses an automated fare collection system,[7] where tickets are sold in the form of electronically programmed journey tokens. Tokens are valid for 20 minutes for use at the same station, and 90 minutes for exit at any other station.[74] The minimum fare on the line is 5 and the maximum is 11.[91] A smart card costs 100 (US$1.20), of which 50 is a refundable security deposit and 50 can be used for travel.[92] Children below 90 cm height ride for free. No tourist passes are sold.[92] The MMRDA had planned to allow the purchase return tickets,[93] but initially dropped plans due to "complications".[94] However, same-day return journey tokens were introduced from October 2014.[95] They are considering offering passes for daily, monthly, and quarterly use.[96]

Fares

Fares as on 2 February 2015.[2]

Distance (km) Cost
0 - 3 5 (6.0¢ US)
3 - 5 7 (8.4¢ US)
5 - 7 9 (11¢ US)
7 - 10 11 (13¢ US)
10 - 15 14 (17¢ US)
15 - 20 15 (18¢ US)
More than 20 19 (23¢ US)

Frequency

[edit]

Trains operate from 6 am to 10 pm, with the last service departing from both Wadala Depot and Chembur at 2207 (10:07 pm). The services are operated every 15 minutes on the line.[97] Trains have a top speed of 80 km/h, and an average speed of 65 km/h.[98] The system has been designed for a 3-minute headway with operation from 05:00 to 24:00.

Monorail services initially operated only between 7 am and 3 pm, running 64 services per day.[99][100] The MMRDA had stated that operating hours would be extended after authorities increased operations and maintenance staff, as well as studied the passenger traffic.[78] MMRDA commissioner U.P.S. Madan announced on 3 March 2014 that monorail services would operate from 7 am to 7 pm before the end of that month.[93] This was later postponed to mid-April, but plans were modified to operate the monorail in a 14-hour shift from 6 am to 8 pm. The MMRDA doubled its staff strength in order to operate the additional services.[99][100] The monorail began operating from 6 am to 8 pm, starting 15 April 2014, bringing the total number of services operating per day to 112.[101][102] Operating hours were further extended to 10 pm starting 15 August 2014,[103] increasing the number of daily services to 131.[2]

Ridership

[edit]

On opening day, 19,678 passengers travelled on the line. Sixty-six services were operated on the first day,[39] netting a revenue of 2.2 lakh (US$2,600) through the sale of tickets and smart cards.[35][40] Sixty-four services were operated on the second day of operations, a frequency of one train every 7–8 minutes. Around 19,600 passengers used the monorail service, netting a revenue of 2.5 lakh (US$3,000).[39][104] On the second day operations, the MMRDA also announced that it had decided to install three benches on each platform.[105] The line transported 19,800 people on Day 3, operating a total of 64 trips.[106] In the first week of operations (2–8 February 2014), the monorail transported 1,36,865 passengers in about 512 trips, earning a total revenue of 14,24,810. A total of 1,32,523 tokens and 1409 smart cards were also sold during the first week.[107][108][109] Between 8–15 February 142,410 commuters travelled across the corridor in over 521 trips, earning the monorail a total revenue of 27,95,115. More than 500 smart cards were sold in the second week itself.[110][111] Ridership dropped 18% in the third week compared to the first week. About 1.12 lakh passengers made 475 trips on the monorail, earning a revenue of 10.50 lakh.[112][113] Revenues dropped by over 40% in the fourth week of operations (compared to the first week), as 92,771 rode the monorail.[114] According to the MMRDA, between 2 February and 1 March, a total of 4,58,871 commuters used the monorail, generating a total revenue 44,66,522.[115]

Over the next two weeks, 76,590 and 41,405 passengers respectively traveled on the line.[116] The average daily ridership dropped from 20,000 during the first few weeks to 15,000 by March 2014.[99] In the last full week of 8-hour operations (from 6 to 12 April), 65,760 commuters used the monorail. Services began operating for 14-hours daily, beginning 15 April 2014,[116] carrying 15,016 commuters for revenue of 1.32 lakh.[117][118][119] By the last week of January 2015, the monorail had ferried nearly 51 lakh passengers since it began operations.[120]

Consumption of food and chewing tobacco in the premises above the concourse is prohibited.[121]

According to a passenger survey by the MMRDA, 73% of the monorail commuters are regular users, commuting to their workplace or educational institute.[120] Seventy percent of commuters reached stations on foot. Commuters in the age group of 16–22 years made up 33% of the ridership, and those in the age groups of 23–30 years and 31–58 years made up 29% each.[2]

Noise

[edit]

According to studies conducted by the MMRDA during the monorail trial run, the trains produce between 65 to 85 decibels of noise, significantly lower than the 95 decibel noise level of a BEST Bus.[122]

Future

[edit]

There have been calls among several experts to extend the Mumbai Monorail Line 1, but there are no specific plans to expand the system.[123]

Network map

[edit]

Map


See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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19°3′40″N 72°53′51″E / 19.06111°N 72.89750°E / 19.06111; 72.89750