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{{Short description|Jordanian politician}}
{{Infobox Prime Minister
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Mohammad Daoud
| image = Mohammad Daoud Profile Picture.jpg
| name = Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi
| order = 45th [[Prime Minister of Jordan]]
| image = Mohammad Daoud Profile Picture.jpg
| monarch = [[Hussein of Jordan|King Hussein]]
| order = 19th [[Prime Minister of Jordan]]
| monarch = [[Hussein of Jordan|King Hussein]]
| birth_date = 11 July 1914{{fact|date=April 2018}}
| birth_date = 11 July 1914{{citation needed|date=April 2018}}
| birth_place = [[Silwan]]{{flagicon|PLE}}
| birth_place = [[Silwan]], [[Jerusalem]], [[Ottoman Palestine]]
| death_date = 19 January 1972 (aged 57)
| death_date = 19 January 1972 (aged 57)
| death_place = [[Amman]]{{flagicon|JOR}}
| death_place = [[Amman]], [[Jordan]]
⚫
| term_start = 16 September 1970
| term_end = 26 September 1970
| term_start = 16 September 1970
⚫
| term_end = 26 September 1970
| predecessor = [[Abdelmunim al-Rifai]]
| successor = [[Ahmad Toukan]]
| predecessor = [[Abdelmunim al-Rifai]]
| party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
| successor = [[Ahmad Toukan]]
| party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
| religion =
| religion =
| battles = [[First Arab-Israeli War]]<br/>[[Retribution operations]]<br/>[[Six-Day War]]
| allegiance = {{flag|Jordan}}
| branch = {{army|Jordan}}
}}
}}

Brigadier General '''Mohammad Daoud''' known as Al-Za’eem Mohammad Daoud{{fact|date=April 2018}} (الزعيم محمد داود; born 11 July 1914{{fact|date=April 2018}} – died 19 January 1972), was appointed Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the military government<ref>{{cite web|title=The Military Ministry leader Mohammad Daoud|url=http://www.representatives.jo/App/Public/Member/ViewA.asp?Company_ID=838|publisher=House of Representatives, Jordan|accessdate=27 June 2013}}</ref><ref>Abu Moamar Al-Hajjaj, 25/09/2010. Jordanian governments in the reign of King Hussein. Available at: http://www.sadaalhajjaj.com/vb/showthread.php?t=20067</ref> in Jordan during the events of [[Black September in Jordan]] in 1970.
[[Brigadier general|Brigadier General]] '''Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi''' (الزعيم محمد داود;{{lrm}} 11 July 1914 – 19 January 1972) was a Jordanian politician and the [[Prime Minister of Jordan]] and [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Jordan)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] of the military government<ref>{{cite web|title=The Military Ministry leader Mohammad Daoud|url=http://www.representatives.jo/App/Public/Member/ViewA.asp?Company_ID=838|publisher=House of Representatives, Jordan|accessdate=27 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924090047/http://www.representatives.jo/App/Public/Member/ViewA.asp?Company_ID=838|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Abu Moamar Al-Hajjaj, 25/09/2010. Jordanian governments in the reign of King Hussein. Available at: http://www.sadaalhajjaj.com/vb/showthread.php?t=20067 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329121406/http://www.sadaalhajjaj.com/vb/showthread.php?t=20067 |date=2018-03-29 }}</ref> in Jordan during the [[Black September in Jordan|Jordanian Civil War]].


==Early life==
==Early life==
⚫
Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi was born in [[Silwan]], [[Jerusalem]], [[Ottoman Palestine|Palestine]]. He worked as a police officer in the city of [[Tulkarm]] in the [[West Bank]], which was then a part of [[Jordan]] until the [[Six-Day War]].
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Brigadier Mohammad Daoud , 1965.jpg|thumb|right|Brigadier Mohammad Daoud, (September 1970)]] -->
⚫
Mohammad Daoud was born in [[Silwan]], [[Jerusalem]], [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]].{{fact|date=April 2018}} He worked as a police officer in [[Tulkarm]] which was a part of Jordan until after 1948.


In 1952, he became a member of the Jordanian delegation of the Jordanian/Israeli Mixed Armistice Commission. He held the position of Presidency of the joint Jordanian delegation in 1958 until the war of 1967. He was taken to jail by the Israeli army for 17 days then deported to Amman, Jordan. He continued working as a head of the Jordanian/Israeli Mixed Armistice Commission until 1970.
In 1952, he became a member of the Jordanian delegation of the Jordanian/Israeli Mixed Armistice Commission. He held the position of Presidency of the joint Jordanian delegation in 1958 until the [[Six-Day War]] in 1967. In 1956, he was wounded by a mine and was rescued by an Israeli officer, Aharon Camara, because the Jordanians officers were scared to enter the mine field. During the [[Six-Day War]], he was taken prisoner by the Israeli army for 17 days and then was released. He continued working as a head of the Jordanian/Israeli Mixed Armistice Commission until 1970. In 1969, he got permission to enter the [[West Bank]] for the funeral of his wife.


==Black September==
==Black September==


On September 16, 1970, [[King Hussein]] of Jordan declared martial law and appointed Brigadier Mohammad Daoud as Prime Minister to lead the first military government in [[Jordan]].<ref name="ps">{{cite book|last=Snow|first=Peter|title=Hussein : a biography.|year=1972|publisher=Barrie & Jenkins|location=London|isbn=9780214654268|page=[https://archive.org/details/husseinbiography0000snow/page/221 221]|url=https://archive.org/details/husseinbiography0000snow/page/221}}</ref><ref>An-Nahar, Beirut, 17/9/1970. King Hussein message to Mohammad Daoud leader on the assignment of the formation of an interim military government Amman, 15/09/1970. Available at: http://www.mohamoon.net/Categories/ArabicConflicts/ArabicConflict.asp?ParentID=139&Type=11&ArabicConflictID=38</ref> Despite efforts to defuse the tension between the Jordanian army and the Palestinian movements, between 16 and 25 September 1970, the escalating conflict resulted in the death of thousands and this conflict became known as [[Black September in Jordan|Black September]].<ref name= "ps"/><ref>{{cite book|last=Loeb|first=Jack O'Connell with Vernon|title=King's counsel : a memoir of war, espionage, and diplomacy in the Middle East|year=2011|publisher=W.W. Norton & Co.|location=New York|isbn=9780393063349|edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Shlaim|first=Avi|title=Lion of Jordan : the life of King Hussein in war and peace|year=2007|publisher=Allen Lane|location=London|isbn=9780713997774|page=325}}</ref>
On September 16, 1970, [[King Hussein]] of Jordan declared martial law and appointed Brigadier Mohammad Daoud as Prime Minister to lead the first military government in [[Jordan]].<ref name="ps">{{cite book|last=Snow|first=Peter|title=Hussein : a biography.|year=1972|publisher=Barrie & Jenkins|location=London|isbn=9780214654268|page=[https://archive.org/details/husseinbiography0000snow/page/221 221]|url=https://archive.org/details/husseinbiography0000snow/page/221}}</ref><ref>An-Nahar, Beirut, 17/9/1970. King Hussein message to Mohammad Daoud leader on the assignment of the formation of an interim military government Amman, 15/09/1970. Available at: http://www.mohamoon.net/Categories/ArabicConflicts/ArabicConflict.asp?ParentID=139&Type=11&ArabicConflictID=38 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215130/http://www.mohamoon.net/Categories/ArabicConflicts/ArabicConflict.asp?ParentID=139&Type=11&ArabicConflictID=38 |date=2016-03-03 }}</ref> Despite efforts to defuse the tension between the Jordanian army and the Palestinian movements, between 16 and 25 September 1970, the escalating conflict resulted in the death of thousands and this conflict became known as [[Black September in Jordan|Black September]] (also known as the [[Jordanian Civil War]]).<ref name= "ps"/><ref>{{cite book|last=Loeb|first=Jack O'Connell with Vernon|title=King's counsel : a memoir of war, espionage, and diplomacy in the Middle East|year=2011|publisher=W.W. Norton & Co.|location=New York|isbn=9780393063349|edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Shlaim|first=Avi|title=Lion of Jordan : the life of King Hussein in war and peace|year=2007|publisher=Allen Lane|location=London|isbn=9780713997774|page=325}}</ref>


An [[Arab League]] Summit Committee assigned Kuwaiti Minister of Defense Saad Al-Sabah, Sudanese head of state [[Gaafar Nimeiry]], and the Deputy Foreign Minister of Saudi Arabia, Omar Al-Saqqaf to investigate and report back the cause of the clash to the Arab summit. Meanwhile, the [[Arab League]] held a meeting for all the head of Arab states in Cairo.<ref>D. Mohammad Manasir. [8/8/2009 9:45:35 AM]. Page of the history of Jordan 80. Available at: http://www.ammonnews.net/article.aspx?articleNO=43087</ref>
An [[Arab League]] Summit Committee assigned Kuwaiti Minister of Defense [[Saad Al-Salim Al-Sabah|Saad Al-Sabah]], Sudanese head of state [[Gaafar Nimeiry]], and the Deputy Foreign Minister of Saudi Arabia, [[Omar Al Saqqaf]] to investigate and report back the cause of the clash to the Arab summit. Meanwhile, the [[Arab League]] held a meeting for all the head of Arab states in Cairo.<ref>D. Mohammad Manasir. [8/8/2009 9:45:35 AM]. Page of the history of Jordan 80. Available at: http://www.ammonnews.net/article.aspx?articleNO=43087</ref>


King Hussein assigned Mohammad Daoud to join the summit. After 10 days only as a prime minister, on 24 September, out of frustration and pressure after being unable to avoid this developing conflict and the devastating results, Mohammad Daoud submitted his resignation<ref>Biographies of the figures contained in the book "Desert Warrior" / biographies of personalities, in Jordan. Available at: http://www.moqatel.com/openshare/Behoth/SirZatia17/Jordan/mol0023.htm</ref> from his position to the Jordanian Ambassador in Cairo, Hazem Nuseibah.
King Hussein assigned Al-Abbasi to join the summit. After 10 days only as a prime minister, on 24 September, out of frustration and pressure after being unable to avoid this developing conflict and the devastating results, Al-Abbasi submitted his resignation<ref>Biographies of the figures contained in the book "Desert Warrior" / biographies of personalities, in Jordan. Available at: http://www.moqatel.com/openshare/Behoth/SirZatia17/Jordan/mol0023.htm</ref> from his position to the Jordanian Ambassador in Cairo, [[Hazem Nuseibeh]].


Mohammad Daoud requested political asylum in Cairo, following his resignation. [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|President Gamal Abdel Nasser]] of Egypt asked Mohammad Daoud to stay in Cairo for consultation of Jordanian affairs.
Al-Abbasi requested [[Right of asylum|political asylum]] in Cairo, following his resignation. Egyptian president, [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], asked Al-Abbasi to stay in Cairo for consultation of Jordanian affairs.


The timing of this resignation amidst all the turbulent and rapidly developing events at that time came as a surprise to many, and there is no doubt that it had a dramatic impact in ending the military conflict in Jordan at a faster pace.<ref>Mohammad Hassanain Haikal. 26/08/2010. Available at: http://www.aljazeera.net/programs/pages/4d78527f-5a0f-4b44-b11c-52ca6c162455#L3</ref>
The timing of this resignation amidst all the turbulent and rapidly developing events at that time came as a surprise to many, and it had a dramatic impact in ending the military conflict in Jordan at a faster pace.<ref>Mohammad Hassanain Haikal. 26/08/2010. Available at: http://www.aljazeera.net/programs/pages/4d78527f-5a0f-4b44-b11c-52ca6c162455#L3</ref>


==Illness and death==
==Illness and death==


Mohammad Daoud was hospitalized in Cairo towards the end of 1971 being diagnosed with a brain tumor, and was sent later to Paris to undergo brain surgery. On 10 January 1972, he returned to the Military Hospital in Amman, Jordan and died 9 days later, on Wednesday 19 January.
Al-Abbasi was hospitalized in Cairo towards the end of 1971 being diagnosed with a brain tumor, and was sent later to Paris to undergo brain surgery. Then he asked to be treated in [[Hadassah Medical Center|Hadassah hospital]] in Jerusalem, and he was granted permission, but he could not make it. On 10 January 1972, he returned to the Military Hospital in Amman, Jordan and died 9 days later, on Wednesday 19 January.


His body was transferred from Amman to Jerusalem through Allenby Bridge after a formal funeral ceremony. A prayer was conducted at al-Aqsa mosque on Friday, 21 January 1972. He was buried at his home town Silwan as he had wished, the town where he was born and originally grew up.
His body was transferred from Amman to Jerusalem through [[Allenby Bridge]] after a formal funeral ceremony. A prayer was conducted at al-Aqsa mosque on Friday, 21 January 1972. He was buried at his home town Silwan as he had wished, the town where he was born and originally grew up.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


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{{succession box|title=[[Prime Minister of Jordan]]|before=[[Abdelmunim al-Rifai]]|after=[[Ahmad Toukan]]|years=1970}}
{{succession box|title=[[Prime Minister of Jordan]]|before=[[Abdelmunim al-Rifai]]|after=[[Ahmad Toukan]]|years=1970}}
{{end box}}
{{s-end}}


{{JordanPMs}}
{{JordanPMs}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbasi, Mohammad}}
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[[Category:Prime Ministers of Jordan]]
[[Category:Foreign ministers of Jordan]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Jordan]]
[[Category:Ministers of foreign affairs of Jordan]]
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[[Category:Justice ministers of Jordan]]
[[Category:Jordanian people of Palestinian descent]]
[[Category:Jordanian people of Palestinian descent]]
[[Category:People from Jerusalem]]
[[Category:Politicians from Jerusalem]]
[[Category:1914 births]]
[[Category:1914 births]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]

Latest revision as of 21:55, 14 December 2024

Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi
19th Prime Minister of Jordan
In office
16 September 1970 – 26 September 1970
MonarchKing Hussein
Preceded byAbdelmunim al-Rifai
Succeeded byAhmad Toukan
Personal details
Born11 July 1914[citation needed]
Silwan, Jerusalem, Ottoman Palestine
Died19 January 1972 (aged 57)
Amman, Jordan
Political partyIndependent
Military service
Allegiance Jordan
Branch/service Royal Jordanian Army
Battles/warsFirst Arab-Israeli War
Retribution operations
Six-Day War

Brigadier General Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi (الزعيم محمد داود;‎ 11 July 1914 – 19 January 1972) was a Jordanian politician and the Prime Minister of Jordan and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the military government[1][2] in Jordan during the Jordanian Civil War.

Early life

[edit]

Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi was born in Silwan, Jerusalem, Palestine. He worked as a police officer in the city of Tulkarm in the West Bank, which was then a part of Jordan until the Six-Day War.

In 1952, he became a member of the Jordanian delegation of the Jordanian/Israeli Mixed Armistice Commission. He held the position of Presidency of the joint Jordanian delegation in 1958 until the Six-Day War in 1967. In 1956, he was wounded by a mine and was rescued by an Israeli officer, Aharon Camara, because the Jordanians officers were scared to enter the mine field. During the Six-Day War, he was taken prisoner by the Israeli army for 17 days and then was released. He continued working as a head of the Jordanian/Israeli Mixed Armistice Commission until 1970. In 1969, he got permission to enter the West Bank for the funeral of his wife.

Black September

[edit]

On September 16, 1970, King Hussein of Jordan declared martial law and appointed Brigadier Mohammad Daoud as Prime Minister to lead the first military government in Jordan.[3][4] Despite efforts to defuse the tension between the Jordanian army and the Palestinian movements, between 16 and 25 September 1970, the escalating conflict resulted in the death of thousands and this conflict became known as Black September (also known as the Jordanian Civil War).[3][5][6]

An Arab League Summit Committee assigned Kuwaiti Minister of Defense Saad Al-Sabah, Sudanese head of state Gaafar Nimeiry, and the Deputy Foreign Minister of Saudi Arabia, Omar Al Saqqaf to investigate and report back the cause of the clash to the Arab summit. Meanwhile, the Arab League held a meeting for all the head of Arab states in Cairo.[7]

King Hussein assigned Al-Abbasi to join the summit. After 10 days only as a prime minister, on 24 September, out of frustration and pressure after being unable to avoid this developing conflict and the devastating results, Al-Abbasi submitted his resignation[8] from his position to the Jordanian Ambassador in Cairo, Hazem Nuseibeh.

Al-Abbasi requested political asylum in Cairo, following his resignation. Egyptian president, Gamal Abdel Nasser, asked Al-Abbasi to stay in Cairo for consultation of Jordanian affairs.

The timing of this resignation amidst all the turbulent and rapidly developing events at that time came as a surprise to many, and it had a dramatic impact in ending the military conflict in Jordan at a faster pace.[9]

Illness and death

[edit]

Al-Abbasi was hospitalized in Cairo towards the end of 1971 being diagnosed with a brain tumor, and was sent later to Paris to undergo brain surgery. Then he asked to be treated in Hadassah hospital in Jerusalem, and he was granted permission, but he could not make it. On 10 January 1972, he returned to the Military Hospital in Amman, Jordan and died 9 days later, on Wednesday 19 January.

His body was transferred from Amman to Jerusalem through Allenby Bridge after a formal funeral ceremony. A prayer was conducted at al-Aqsa mosque on Friday, 21 January 1972. He was buried at his home town Silwan as he had wished, the town where he was born and originally grew up.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "The Military Ministry leader Mohammad Daoud". House of Representatives, Jordan. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  2. ^ Abu Moamar Al-Hajjaj, 25/09/2010. Jordanian governments in the reign of King Hussein. Available at: http://www.sadaalhajjaj.com/vb/showthread.php?t=20067 Archived 2018-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ a b Snow, Peter (1972). Hussein : a biography. London: Barrie & Jenkins. p. 221. ISBN 9780214654268.
  4. ^ An-Nahar, Beirut, 17/9/1970. King Hussein message to Mohammad Daoud leader on the assignment of the formation of an interim military government Amman, 15/09/1970. Available at: http://www.mohamoon.net/Categories/ArabicConflicts/ArabicConflict.asp?ParentID=139&Type=11&ArabicConflictID=38 Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Loeb, Jack O'Connell with Vernon (2011). King's counsel : a memoir of war, espionage, and diplomacy in the Middle East (1st ed.). New York: W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 9780393063349.
  6. ^ Shlaim, Avi (2007). Lion of Jordan : the life of King Hussein in war and peace. London: Allen Lane. p. 325. ISBN 9780713997774.
  7. ^ D. Mohammad Manasir. [8/8/2009 9:45:35 AM]. Page of the history of Jordan 80. Available at: http://www.ammonnews.net/article.aspx?articleNO=43087
  8. ^ Biographies of the figures contained in the book "Desert Warrior" / biographies of personalities, in Jordan. Available at: http://www.moqatel.com/openshare/Behoth/SirZatia17/Jordan/mol0023.htm
  9. ^ Mohammad Hassanain Haikal. 26/08/2010. Available at: http://www.aljazeera.net/programs/pages/4d78527f-5a0f-4b44-b11c-52ca6c162455#L3
Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Jordan
1970 		Succeeded by
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