120×570mm NATO: Difference between revisions
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== Ammunition == |
== Ammunition == |
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{{Speculation section}} |
{{Speculation section|date=March 2022}} |
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=== Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS) === |
=== Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS) === |
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{{Incomplete list|date=December 2020}} |
{{Incomplete list|date=December 2020}} |
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There are different ways to measure APFSDS penetration value. NATO uses the 50% (This means that 50% of the shell had to go through the plate), while the Soviet/Russian standard is higher (80% had to go through). |
There are different ways to measure APFSDS penetration value. NATO uses the 50% (This means that 50% of the shell had to go through the plate), while the Soviet/Russian standard is higher (80% had to go through). |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
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!Designation |
!Designation |
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|977 mm |
|977 mm |
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|541.5 mm |
|541.5 mm |
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|⌀ 26 mm × |
|⌀ 26 mm × 375 mm |
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|14.4:1 |
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|18 density DENAL DX 130 R tungsten alloy<ref>{{cite book |title=International Defense Review |date=1988 |page=1216 |volume=21 |issue=9}}</ref> |
|18 density DENAL DX 130 R tungsten alloy<ref>{{cite book |title=International Defense Review |date=1988 |page=1216 |volume=21 |issue=9}}</ref> |
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|6.2 kg / 3.78 kg |
|6.2 kg / 3.78 kg |
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111 m/s (at 1000 m) |
111 m/s (at 1000 m) |
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|420 mm at 2000 m |
|420 mm at 2000 m |
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|Produced under licence by Switzerland as Pfeil Pat 87 |
|Produced under licence by [[Switzerland]] as Pfeil Pat 87 |
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|M829 |
|M829 |
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|7.1 kg<ref>{{Cite book|last=Department of the Army|first=Technical Bulletin|title=TB 9-2350-320-14 Operator/Maintenance Information on Cartridge 120mm M829, M830, M831, and M865|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WSAuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA14|year=1986 |access-date=24 December 2021|archive-date=13 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913050544/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Operator_maintenance_Information_on_Cart/WSAuAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA14&printsec=frontcover|url-status=live}}</ref> / 4.27 kg |
|7.1 kg<ref>{{Cite book|last=Department of the Army|first=Technical Bulletin|title=TB 9-2350-320-14 Operator/Maintenance Information on Cartridge 120mm M829, M830, M831, and M865|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WSAuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA14|year=1986 |access-date=24 December 2021|archive-date=13 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913050544/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Operator_maintenance_Information_on_Cart/WSAuAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA14&printsec=frontcover|url-status=live}}</ref> / 4.27 kg |
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|18.7 kg<ref name="auto1"/> |
|18.7 kg<ref name="auto1"/> |
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|8.1 kg of JA-2 ([[Propellant# |
|8.1 kg of JA-2 ([[Propellant#Composition|double-base]]) |
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|509 MPa |
|509 MPa |
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|1670 m/s<ref>{{cite web|title=120 mm M829 APFSDS-T cartridge (United States), Tank and anti-tank guns |url=http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Ammunition-Handbook/120-mm-M829-APFSDS-T-cartridge-United-States.html |publisher=Jane's Information Group |accessdate=2 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518040107/http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Ammunition-Handbook/120-mm-M829-APFSDS-T-cartridge-United-States.html |archivedate=18 May 2011}}</ref> (L/44) |
|1670 m/s<ref>{{cite web|title=120 mm M829 APFSDS-T cartridge (United States), Tank and anti-tank guns |url=http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Ammunition-Handbook/120-mm-M829-APFSDS-T-cartridge-United-States.html |publisher=Jane's Information Group |accessdate=2 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518040107/http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Ammunition-Handbook/120-mm-M829-APFSDS-T-cartridge-United-States.html |archivedate=18 May 2011}}</ref> (L/44) |
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|75 m/s (at 1000 m)<ref name="Defense Review 19 12"/><br />120 m/s (at 2000 m) |
|75 m/s (at 1000 m)<ref name="Defense Review 19 12"/><br />120 m/s (at 2000 m) |
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|480 mm at 2000 m |
|480 mm at 2000 m |
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|Produced under licence by Japan as JM33 and by Switzerland as Pfeil Pat 90 |
|Produced under licence by [[Japan]] as JM33 and by [[Switzerland]] as Pfeil Pat 90 |
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|M829A1 |
|M829A1 |
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|Elbit Systems |
|Elbit Systems |
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|1989 |
|1989 |
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|936 |
|936 mm<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |url=http://www.imisystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/120mm-M321-1.pdf |title=120 mm M321 APFSDS-T Tank Cartridge characteristics |website=[[IMI Systems]] |access-date=2023-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508144848/http://www.imisystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/120mm-M321-1.pdf |archive-date=8 May 2018}}</ref> |
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|Tungsten alloy<ref name=":7" /> |
|Tungsten alloy<ref name=":7" /> |
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|approx. 20 |
|approx. 20 kg<ref name=":7" /> |
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|approx. 8 kg of M26 (double-base)<ref>{{cite web |title=AmmunitionskatalogData och bild |url=http://www.imisystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/120mm-M321.pdf |website=IMI Systems |access-date=16 May 2021 |archive-date=15 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515221803/http://www.imisystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/120mm-M321.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|approx. 8 kg of M26 (double-base)<ref>{{cite web |title=AmmunitionskatalogData och bild |url=http://www.imisystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/120mm-M321.pdf |website=IMI Systems |access-date=16 May 2021 |archive-date=15 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515221803/http://www.imisystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/120mm-M321.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> |
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|Elbit Systems |
|Elbit Systems |
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|1990s |
|1990s |
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|984 mm<ref name="Elbit">{{cite web|url=https://elbitsystems.com/media/Catalog-Tanks_15_Web.pdf|title=Elbit Systems Land Tank Ammunition Portfolio|publisher=Elbit Systems|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103183728/https://elbitsystems.com/media/Catalog-Tanks_15_Web.pdf|archivedate=3 January 2022|accessdate=25 March 2022|author=}} |
|984 mm<ref name="Elbit">{{cite web|url=https://elbitsystems.com/media/Catalog-Tanks_15_Web.pdf|title=Elbit Systems Land Tank Ammunition Portfolio|publisher=Elbit Systems|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103183728/https://elbitsystems.com/media/Catalog-Tanks_15_Web.pdf|archivedate=3 January 2022|accessdate=25 March 2022|author=}}</ref> |
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|1705 m/s<ref name="Elbit" /> (L/44) |
|1705 m/s<ref name="Elbit" /> (L/44) |
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|130 m/s (at 2000 m) |
|130 m/s (at 2000 m) |
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|658 mm at 70° at 2000 m<ref name=" |
|658 mm at 70° at 2000 m<ref name="MKE MOD 290">{{cite web|url=https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-290-apfsds-t/64/2164|title=120 mm MKE MOD 290 APFSDS-T|publisher=[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]]|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627194232/https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-290-apfsds-t/64/2164|archivedate=27 June 2022|accessdate=27 June 2022|author=}}</ref> |
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|Produced under licence by Turkey as MOD 290.<ref name=" |
|Produced under licence by [[Turkey]] as MOD 290.<ref name="MKE MOD 290" /> <br />Also known as CL-3143 ([[Italy]]) and Slpprj 95<ref>{{cite web |last1=Alexandersson |first1=Anders |title=Today's explosive reactive armour –is it possible to defeat it with the Swedish tank ammunition? |url=http://www.diva-portal.se/smash/get/diva2:426732/FULLTEXT01.pdf |website=diva-portal.se |access-date=26 December 2020 |archive-date=6 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006135103/http://www.diva-portal.se/smash/get/diva2:426732/FULLTEXT01.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> ([[Sweden]]) on the export market. |
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|DM43A1 |
|DM43A1 |
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|Tungsten alloy |
|Tungsten alloy |
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|7.2 kg / 4 kg |
|7.2 kg / 4 kg |
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|19. |
|19.5 kg or 20 kg |
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|7.6 kg of L1 M (double-base) |
|7.6 kg of L1 M (double-base) |
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|550 MPa or 560 MPa<ref>{{cite web |title=120 mm KE-Patrone DM 43 A1 |url=https://deutsche-bundeswehr.de.tl/120-mm-KE_Patrone-DM-43-A1.htm |website=deutsche-bundeswehr.de |access-date=3 December 2022}}</ref> |
|550 MPa or 560 MPa<ref>{{cite web |title=120 mm KE-Patrone DM 43 A1 |url=https://deutsche-bundeswehr.de.tl/120-mm-KE_Patrone-DM-43-A1.htm |website=deutsche-bundeswehr.de |access-date=3 December 2022}}</ref> |
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|7.35 kg<ref name="Ammunition" /> / |
|7.35 kg<ref name="Ammunition" /> / |
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|19.7 kg<ref name="Poongsan 1" /> |
|19.7 kg<ref name="Poongsan 1" /> |
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|K683 ([[Propellant# |
|K683 ([[Propellant#Composition|triple-base]])<ref name="Poongsan 1" /> |
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|586 MPa<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kodits.kotra.or.kr/download/THUMBNAIL_ATTACH?storageNo=99|title=Korea Defense Products Guide|publisher=Korea Defense Industry Trade Support Center|date=13 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326194449/https://kodits.kotra.or.kr/download/THUMBNAIL_ATTACH?storageNo=99|archivedate=26 March 2022|accessdate=26 March 2022|author=}} p. 46</ref> |
|586 MPa<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kodits.kotra.or.kr/download/THUMBNAIL_ATTACH?storageNo=99|title=Korea Defense Products Guide|publisher=Korea Defense Industry Trade Support Center|date=13 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326194449/https://kodits.kotra.or.kr/download/THUMBNAIL_ATTACH?storageNo=99|archivedate=26 March 2022|accessdate=26 March 2022|author=}} p. 46</ref> |
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|1700 m/s<ref name="Ammunition" /> (L/44) |
|1700 m/s<ref name="Ammunition" /> (L/44) |
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|>600 mm (LoS at 60° obliquity) at 2000 m |
|>600 mm (LoS at 60° obliquity) at 2000 m<ref name="K2 APFSDS">{{cite web|url=https://www.steelbeasts.com/topic/14763-k2pl-and-k2m/|title=K2PL and K2M|publisher=Steel Beasts|date=2 March 2021|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20210709105853/https://www.steelbeasts.com/topic/14763-k2pl-and-k2m/|archivedate=9 July 2021|accessdate=9 July 2021|author=}}</ref> or 650 mm at 2000 m<ref name="K276, K277">{{cite web|url=https://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/bbs/view.html?b_bbs_id=10040&num=90054|title=K276 날탄의 관통력: 600mm(X), 650mm(O)|publisher=Bemil|date=7 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527140240/https://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/bbs/view.html?b_bbs_id=10040&num=90054|archivedate=27 May 2022|accessdate=27 May 2022|author=}}</ref> |
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|Penetrators are manufactured by |
|Penetrators are manufactured by cyclic heat-treatment and double-cycle sintering process. This causes a phenomenon similar to the self-sharpening effect of the [[Depleted uranium#Ammunition|depleted uranium]] penetrator.<ref name="Composite KE Penetrator">{{cite web|url=http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200412910503137.pdf |title=Manufacturing of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Composites for Kinetic Energy Penetrator|publisher=[[Agency for Defense Development]]|date=1 October 2004|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017090545/http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200412910503137.pdf|archivedate=17 October 2021|accessdate=17 October 2021|author1=Heung Sub Song|author2=Eun Pyo Kim|author3=Kyung Jin Park|author4=Joo Ha You}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO202013261023155.pdf|title=Study on the Improving Penetration Performance of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Penetrator by Heat Treatment|publisher=[[Defense Agency for Technology and Quality]]|date=29 February 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017060118/https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO202013261023155.pdf|archivedate=17 October 2021|accessdate=17 October 2021|author1=Myunghyun Kim|author2=Jooyoung Noh|author3=Youngwoo Lee|author4=Daehee An}}</ref> |
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|OFL 120 F2 |
|OFL 120 F2 |
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|Has superior penetration performance compared to the OFL 120 F1.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ferrard |first1=Stéphane |title=Le Système Leclerc |date=1992 |publisher=Editions Bosquet |language=French}}</ref> 60 000 rounds were made from 1996 to 2000.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barrillot |first1=Bruno |title=Les munitions antichar à l'uranium appauvri de Giat Industries |date=October 2000 |publisher=Observatoire des armes nucléaires françaises |location=Lyon |page=16 |url=https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/49/053/49053274.pdf |access-date=3 December 2022 |language=French}}</ref> |
|Has superior penetration performance compared to the OFL 120 F1.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ferrard |first1=Stéphane |title=Le Système Leclerc |date=1992 |publisher=Editions Bosquet |language=French}}</ref> 60 000 rounds were made from 1996 to 2000.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barrillot |first1=Bruno |title=Les munitions antichar à l'uranium appauvri de Giat Industries |date=October 2000 |publisher=Observatoire des armes nucléaires françaises |location=Lyon |page=16 |url=https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/49/053/49053274.pdf |access-date=3 December 2022 |language=French}}</ref> |
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|12 |
|12 cm Pz Kann Pfeil Pat 98 Lsp |
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|{{flag|Germany}}/{{flag|Switzerland}} |
|{{flag|Germany}}/{{flag|Switzerland}} |
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|Rheinmetall DeTec/RUAG Ammotec |
|Rheinmetall DeTec/RUAG Ammotec |
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|Elbit Systems |
|Elbit Systems |
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|984 mm |
|984 mm<ref name="Elbit" /> |
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|Tungsten alloy |
|Tungsten alloy |
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|21 kg |
|21 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
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|8 kg of LOVA (double-base) |
|8 kg of LOVA (double-base)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
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|1680 m/s<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|1680 m/s (L/44)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
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|3rd generation Israeli APFSDS |
|3rd generation Israeli APFSDS-T.<ref name="Elbit" /> |
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|M829A3 |
|M829A3 |
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|8.27 kg<ref name="Ammunition" /> / 5 kg |
|8.27 kg<ref name="Ammunition" /> / 5 kg |
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|21.3 kg<ref name="Poongsan 1" /> |
|21.3 kg<ref name="Poongsan 1" /> |
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|8.6 kg of L15190 (SCDB)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200503018552216.pdf|title=Effect of CCC Composition on Burning Characteristic for 120mm Kinetic Energy Ammunition|publisher=[[Agency for Defense Development]]|date=30 December 2005|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019095419/http://koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200503018552216.pdf|archivedate=19 October 2021|accessdate=19 October 2021| |
|8.6 kg of L15190 (SCDB)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200503018552216.pdf|title=Effect of CCC Composition on Burning Characteristic for 120mm Kinetic Energy Ammunition|publisher=[[Agency for Defense Development]]|date=30 December 2005|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019095419/http://koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200503018552216.pdf|archivedate=19 October 2021|accessdate=19 October 2021|author1=Kwon, Soon-Kil|author2=Hwang, Jun-Sik|author3=Choi, Sang-Kyung|author4=Kim, Jin-Seok}} p. 3</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.madex.co.kr:453/board/download.asp?filename1=%ED%92%8D%EC%82%B0_%EA%B5%AD%EB%AC%B8.pdf&filename=20210426124003_4.pdf&mode=company|title=풍산탄약|publisher=MADEX|date=2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014072708/https://www.madex.co.kr:453/board/download.asp?filename1=%ED%92%8D%EC%82%B0_%EA%B5%AD%EB%AC%B8.pdf&filename=20210426124003_4.pdf&mode=company|archivedate=14 October 2021|accessdate=14 October 2021|author=Poongsan Corporation}} p. 44</ref> |
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|1760 m/s<ref name="Ammunition" /> (L/55) |
|1760 m/s<ref name="Ammunition" /> (L/55) |
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|120 m/s (at 2000 m) |
|120 m/s (at 2000 m) |
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|>700 mm (LoS at 60° obliquity) at 2000 m |
|>700 mm (LoS at 60° obliquity) at 2000 m<ref name="K2 APFSDS" /> |
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|The penetrator is manufactured of a composite material consisting of [[tungsten]], [[nickel]], [[iron]], and [[molybdenum]].<ref name="Composite KE Penetrator" /> |
|The penetrator is manufactured of a composite material consisting of [[tungsten]], [[nickel]], [[iron]], and [[molybdenum]].<ref name="Composite KE Penetrator" /> |
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|A Japanese APFSDS round only dedicated to [[Type 10|Type 10 MBT]]. Although this is a NATO-standard round, it can only be used with the [[:ja:10式戦車砲|Type 10 Cannon]] due to the increased load and resulting increased pressure when fired. |
|A Japanese APFSDS round only dedicated to [[Type 10|Type 10 MBT]]. Although this is a NATO-standard round, it can only be used with the [[:ja:10式戦車砲|Type 10 Cannon]] due to the increased load and resulting increased pressure when fired.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=【無料】 10式戦車とその必要性 - 清谷信一|論座 - 朝日新聞社の言論サイト |url=https://webronza.asahi.com/politics/articles/2013121000007.html |access-date=2023-03-06 |website=論座(RONZA) |language=ja}}</ref> |
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|120 OFLE F2 |
|120 OFLE F2 |
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|8.27 kg<ref name="Ammunition" /> / 5 kg |
|8.27 kg<ref name="Ammunition" /> / 5 kg |
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|21.3 kg<ref name="Poongsan 1" /> |
|21.3 kg<ref name="Poongsan 1" /> |
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|8.6 kg of 19-hole cylinder-type (SCDB)<ref name="K279 Improved">{{cite web|url=https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201713234785644.pdf|title=Pressure Analysis and Conceptual Design for Indoor Ballistic Test Range by Numerical Methods|publisher=[[Agency for Defense Development]]|date=9 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014010317/https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201713234785644.pdf|archivedate=14 October 2021|accessdate=14 October 2021| |
|8.6 kg of 19-hole cylinder-type DNDA-57 (SCDB)<ref name="K279 Improved">{{cite web|url=https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201713234785644.pdf|title=Pressure Analysis and Conceptual Design for Indoor Ballistic Test Range by Numerical Methods|publisher=[[Agency for Defense Development]]|date=9 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014010317/https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201713234785644.pdf|archivedate=14 October 2021|accessdate=14 October 2021|author1=Hui-Young Jung|author2=Kwan-Jin Park|author3=Nam-Hyuk Kim}}</ref> |
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|690 MPa<ref name="K279 Improved" /> |
|690 MPa<ref name="K279 Improved" /> |
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|1800 m/s{{efn-lr|When the round reaches the end of the barrel, the muzzle velocity is 1,794.7 m/s.}}<ref name="K279 Improved" /> (L/55) |
|1800 m/s{{efn-lr|When the round reaches the end of the barrel, the muzzle velocity is 1,794.7 m/s.}}<ref name="K279 Improved" /> (L/55) |
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|122 m/s (at 2000 m) |
|122 m/s (at 2000 m) |
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|Produced with a new SCDB propellant based on Solventless powder coated with [[polyester]] developed by Poongsan Corporation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://koreascience.or.kr/article/CFKO201232164221307.pdf|title=Study on the Temperature Independent Property of the Surface Coated Double Base Propellant|publisher=The Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers|date=17 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017063200/https://koreascience.or.kr/article/CFKO201232164221307.pdf|archivedate=17 October 2021|accessdate=17 October 2021| |
|Produced with a new SCDB propellant based on Solventless powder coated with [[polyester]] developed by Poongsan Corporation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://koreascience.or.kr/article/CFKO201232164221307.pdf|title=Study on the Temperature Independent Property of the Surface Coated Double Base Propellant|publisher=The Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers|date=17 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017063200/https://koreascience.or.kr/article/CFKO201232164221307.pdf|archivedate=17 October 2021|accessdate=17 October 2021|author1=Hyunhye Joo|author2=Hyung-Uk Joo|author3=Tae Soo Kwon|author4=June Chang Jeong|author5=Sun-Kil Kwon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://s1.pdfdrive.com/dl2.php?id=201257281&h=b8ef3e0680b27a0be31800ec8d06c781&u=cache&ext=pdf&n=105%C3%AB%C2%AF%C2%B8%C3%AB%C2%A6%C2%AC%20%C3%AB%C2%82%C2%A0%C3%AA%C2%B0%C2%9C%C3%AC%C2%95%C2%88%C3%AC%C2%A0%C2%95%C3%AC%C2%B2%C2%A0%C3%AA%C2%B0%C2%91%C3%AD%C2%83%C2%84%C3%AC%C2%9A%C2%A9%20%C3%AC%C2%98%C2%A8%C3%AB%C2%8F%C2%84%C3%AB%C2%91%C2%94%C3%AA%C2%B0%C2%90%C3%AC%C2%BD%C2%94%C3%AD%C2%8C%C2%85%C3%AC%C2%B6%C2%94%C3%AC%C2%A7%C2%84%C3%AC%C2%A0%C2%9C%20%C3%AC%C2%97%C2%B0%C3%AA%C2%B5%C2%AC%C3%A2%C2%85%C2%A0|title=Study on the Temperature Independent Property of the Surface Coated Propellant for 105mm Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot I|publisher=The Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers|date=December 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329191517/https://s1.pdfdrive.com/dl2.php?id=201257281&h=b8ef3e0680b27a0be31800ec8d06c781&u=cache&ext=pdf&n=105%C3%AB%C2%AF%C2%B8%C3%AB%C2%A6%C2%AC%20%C3%AB%C2%82%C2%A0%C3%AA%C2%B0%C2%9C%C3%AC%C2%95%C2%88%C3%AC%C2%A0%C2%95%C3%AC%C2%B2%C2%A0%C3%AA%C2%B0%C2%91%C3%AD%C2%83%C2%84%C3%AC%C2%9A%C2%A9%20%C3%AC%C2%98%C2%A8%C3%AB%C2%8F%C2%84%C3%AB%C2%91%C2%94%C3%AA%C2%B0%C2%90%C3%AC%C2%BD%C2%94%C3%AD%C2%8C%C2%85%C3%AC%C2%B6%C2%94%C3%AC%C2%A7%C2%84%C3%AC%C2%A0%C2%9C%20%C3%AC%C2%97%C2%B0%C3%AA%C2%B5%C2%AC%C3%A2%C2%85%C2%A0|archivedate=29 March 2022|accessdate=29 March 2022|author1=Jungeun Jang|author2=Hyeong Uk Joo|author3=Minseok Oh|author4=Hyunhye Joo|author5=Tae Soo Kwon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://s1.pdfdrive.com/dl2.php?id=201257288&h=7fd64900de1f86055dd9ac6a17be3fa2&u=cache&ext=pdf&n=105%EB%AF%B8%EB%A6%AC+%EB%82%A0%EA%B0%9C%EC%95%88%EC%A0%95%EC%B2%A0%EA%B0%91%ED%83%84%EC%9A%A9+%EC%98%A8%EB%8F%84%EB%91%94%EA%B0%90%EC%BD%94%ED%8C%85%EC%B6%94%EC%A7%84%EC%A0%9C+%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%E2%85%A1|title=Study on the Temperature Independent Property of the Surface Coated Propellant for 105mm Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot II|publisher=The Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers|date=May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329194736/https://s1.pdfdrive.com/dl2.php?id=201257288&h=7fd64900de1f86055dd9ac6a17be3fa2&u=cache&ext=pdf&n=105%EB%AF%B8%EB%A6%AC+%EB%82%A0%EA%B0%9C%EC%95%88%EC%A0%95%EC%B2%A0%EA%B0%91%ED%83%84%EC%9A%A9+%EC%98%A8%EB%8F%84%EB%91%94%EA%B0%90%EC%BD%94%ED%8C%85%EC%B6%94%EC%A7%84%EC%A0%9C+%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%E2%85%A1|archivedate=29 March 2022|accessdate=29 March 2022|author1=Jungeun Jang|author2=Minseok Oh|author3=Hyeong Uk Joo|author4=Tae Soo Kwon}}</ref> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|M829A4 |
|M829A4 |
||
Line 688: | Line 688: | ||
|{{flag|France}} |
|{{flag|France}} |
||
|Nexter Munitions |
|Nexter Munitions |
||
|qualified in late 2023 |
|||
|late 2022<ref>{{cite web |title=Nexter 120 mm SHARD: towards tailored APFSDS solutions |url=https://www.edrmagazine.eu/nexter-120-mm-shard-towards-tailored-apfsds-solutions |publisher=European Defence Review |access-date=24 November 2021 |archive-date=24 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124115005/https://www.edrmagazine.eu/nexter-120-mm-shard-towards-tailored-apfsds-solutions |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|984 mm |
|984 mm |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|Plansee D10 tungsten alloy<ref>{{cite web |title=Nexter 120 mm SHARD: towards tailored APFSDS solutions |date=20 May 2021 |url=https://www.edrmagazine.eu/nexter-120-mm-shard-towards-tailored-apfsds-solutions |publisher=European Defence Review |access-date=24 November 2021 |archive-date=24 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124115005/https://www.edrmagazine.eu/nexter-120-mm-shard-towards-tailored-apfsds-solutions |url-status=live}}</ref> and another tungsten alloy |
|||
|Plansee D10 tungsten alloy and another tungsten alloy |
|||
| |
| |
||
|22 kg |
|22 kg |
||
|EURENCO low-erosion double base propellant |
|EURENCO low-erosion double base propellant |
||
|520 MPa |
|520 MPa |
||
|1720 m/s<ref name="SHARD">{{cite web|url=https://i.imgur.com/9SGAeXr.jpg|title=120MM APFSDS 'SHARD'|publisher=|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709122155/https://i.imgur.com/9SGAeXr.jpg|archivedate=9 July 2022|accessdate=9 July 2022|author=}}</ref> (L/52) |
|1720 m/s<ref name="SHARD">{{cite web|url=https://i.imgur.com/9SGAeXr.jpg|title=120MM APFSDS 'SHARD'|publisher=|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709122155/https://i.imgur.com/9SGAeXr.jpg|archivedate=9 July 2022|accessdate=9 July 2022|author=}}</ref> (L/52)<br>1734 m/s (L/55)<ref>{{cite web |title=Nexter a qualifié SHARD, le nouvel obus-flèche de 120mm pour chars de combat |url=https://www.knds.fr/actualites/nos-dernieres-actualites/nexter-qualifie-shard-le-nouvel-obus-fleche-de-120mm-pour-chars |website=knds.fr |publisher=Nexter |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|SHARD stands for Solution for Hardenered ARmour Defeat. It is said to have |
|SHARD stands for Solution for Hardenered ARmour Defeat. It is said to have 15% performance increase over current APFSDS ammunition. Barrel wear is reduced by 25%. |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|SHARD Mk. 2 |
|SHARD Mk. 2 |
||
Line 719: | Line 719: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|The SHARD Mk. 2 will use a more energetic propellant than the double-base propellant featured on the Mk. 1.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nexter Announces 120 SHARD APFSDS Ammunition |url=https://www.joint-forces.com/defence-equipment-news/41334-nexter-announces-120-shard-apfsds-ammunition |website=joint-forces.com |access-date=18 June 2022 |archive-date=15 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415175812/https://www.joint-forces.com/defence-equipment-news/41334-nexter-announces-120-shard-apfsds-ammunition |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|The SHARD Mk. 2 will use a more energetic propellant than the double-base propellant featured on the Mk. 1.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nexter Announces 120 SHARD APFSDS Ammunition |url=https://www.joint-forces.com/defence-equipment-news/41334-nexter-announces-120-shard-apfsds-ammunition |website=joint-forces.com |date=9 March 2021 |access-date=18 June 2022 |archive-date=15 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415175812/https://www.joint-forces.com/defence-equipment-news/41334-nexter-announces-120-shard-apfsds-ammunition |url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|DM73 |
|DM73 |
||
Line 726: | Line 726: | ||
|late 2023 |
|late 2023 |
||
| |
| |
||
|745 mm |
|||
|760 mm{{Citation needed|date=February 2024|reason=If DM73 uses the same penetrator as DM53 or DM63, the length of penetrator including sabot should be the same as DM53 and DM63. More reliable sources are needed.}} |
|||
|⌀ 26 × 685 mm<ref name="cdn-live.warthunder.com"/>{{Unreliable source?|date=August 2022|reason=This an image residing on a server for the Warthunder game, and without context can hardly be called a reliable source.}} |
|⌀ 26 × 685 mm<ref name="cdn-live.warthunder.com"/>{{Unreliable source?|date=August 2022|reason=This an image residing on a server for the Warthunder game, and without context can hardly be called a reliable source.}} |
||
|26:1 |
|26:1 |
||
Line 737: | Line 737: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|The DM73 reuse the same penetrator of the |
|The DM73 reuse the same penetrator of the DM63<ref>{{cite web |last1=Valpolini |first1=Paolo |title=More on Rheinmetall tank guns and ammunition evolution |url=https://www.edrmagazine.eu/more-on-rheinmetall-tank-guns-and-ammunition-evolution |website=www.edrmagazine.eu |date=22 March 2021 |access-date=21 February 2024}}</ref> but achieves an 8%<ref>{{cite web |last1=Richardson |first1=Henry |title=Tank Gun and Ammo Developments: 120mm and Above |url=https://euro-sd.com/2021/10/articles/exclusive/23971/tank-gun-and-ammo-developments-120mm-and-above/ |website=euro-sd.com |date=5 October 2021 |publisher=European Security & Defence |access-date=22 December 2021 |archive-date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222211109/https://euro-sd.com/2021/10/articles/exclusive/23971/tank-gun-and-ammo-developments-120mm-and-above/ |url-status=live}}</ref> uplift in performance regarding the combat range<ref>{{cite web |last1=Valpolini |first1=Paolo |title=More on Rheinmetall tank guns and ammunition evolution |url=https://www.edrmagazine.eu/more-on-rheinmetall-tank-guns-and-ammunition-evolution |website=www.edrmagazine.eu |date=22 March 2021 |publisher=European Defence Review |access-date=22 December 2021 |archive-date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222211112/https://www.edrmagazine.eu/more-on-rheinmetall-tank-guns-and-ammunition-evolution |url-status=live}}</ref> through the use of a more powerful propellant. The DM73 requires the high-pressure L55A1 gun and cannot be used in either L44 and L55 gun systems. |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|KE2020Neo |
|KE2020Neo |
||
Line 755: | Line 755: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|The KE2020Neo forecasted increase in performances should reach 20% compared to current APFSDS ammunition thanks to the use of a lighter sabot and a more energetic propellant, the latter is allowed by the raised chamber pressures of the improved Rh-120 L55A1 gun.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Valpolini |first1=Paolo |title=More on Rheinmetall tank guns and ammunition evolution |url=https://www.edrmagazine.eu/more-on-rheinmetall-tank-guns-and-ammunition-evolution |website=edrmagazine.eu |publisher=European Defence Review |access-date=1 July 2022 |archive-date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222211112/https://www.edrmagazine.eu/more-on-rheinmetall-tank-guns-and-ammunition-evolution |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|The KE2020Neo forecasted increase in performances should reach 20% compared to current APFSDS ammunition thanks to the use of a lighter sabot and a more energetic propellant, the latter is allowed by the raised chamber pressures of the improved Rh-120 L55A1 gun.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Valpolini |first1=Paolo |title=More on Rheinmetall tank guns and ammunition evolution |url=https://www.edrmagazine.eu/more-on-rheinmetall-tank-guns-and-ammunition-evolution |website=edrmagazine.eu |date=22 March 2021 |publisher=European Defence Review |access-date=1 July 2022 |archive-date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222211112/https://www.edrmagazine.eu/more-on-rheinmetall-tank-guns-and-ammunition-evolution |url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|} |
|} |
||
</div> |
|||
=== High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) === |
=== High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) === |
||
{{Incomplete list|date=July 2022}} |
{{Incomplete list|date=July 2022}} |
||
<div style="overflow-x:scroll"> |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
||
!Designation |
!Designation |
||
Line 778: | Line 779: | ||
|{{flag|Germany}} |
|{{flag|Germany}} |
||
| |
| |
||
|1979 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
|23.2 kg |
|23.2 kg |
||
Line 787: | Line 788: | ||
|1140 m/s |
|1140 m/s |
||
| |
| |
||
|not in produce |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|DM12A1 MZ |
|DM12A1 MZ |
||
Line 801: | Line 802: | ||
|1140 m/s |
|1140 m/s |
||
|480 mm or 220 mm at 60° at all ranges<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kotsch |first1=Stefan |title=Munition der deutschen 120 mm Panzerkanone Rheinmetall |url=https://www.kotsch88.de/m_120_mm.htm |website=kotsch88.de |access-date=18 July 2022 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514104726/http://www.kotsch88.de/m_120_mm.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|480 mm or 220 mm at 60° at all ranges<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kotsch |first1=Stefan |title=Munition der deutschen 120 mm Panzerkanone Rheinmetall |url=https://www.kotsch88.de/m_120_mm.htm |website=kotsch88.de |access-date=18 July 2022 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514104726/http://www.kotsch88.de/m_120_mm.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|DM12 fitted with a fragmentation sleeve. Produced under licence by the US as M830 with exception of the fuze and the explosive<br /> |
|DM12 fitted with a fragmentation sleeve. Produced under licence by the [[United States|US]] as M830 with exception of the fuze and the explosive. <br />Produced under licence by [[Japan]] as JM12A1. |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|OCC 120 G1 |
|OCC 120 G1 |
||
Line 816: | Line 817: | ||
|Defeat the Triple heavy NATO target |
|Defeat the Triple heavy NATO target |
||
|significant anti-personnel effects |
|significant anti-personnel effects |
||
|- |
|||
|M830 HEAT-MP-T |
|||
|{{flag|USA}} |
|||
|General Dynamics |
|||
|1985 |
|||
|981 mm |
|||
|24.2 kg |
|||
|13.5 kg |
|||
|1.662 kg of Comp-B |
|||
|M764 |
|||
|5.4 or 5.5 kg of DIGL-RP ([[Propellant#Composition|Double-base]]) |
|||
|1140 m/s |
|||
| |
|||
|not in produce. <br />technology transfer from the German DM12A1 except for the M764 fuze, double safety, and propellant containment bag.<ref>{{cite web |title=120mm M830 High Explosive Anti-Tank-Multi Purpose - Tracer (HEAT-MP-T) |url=https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/m830a1.htm |website=fas.org |publisher=Federation of American Scientists (FAS) |access-date=25 December 2020 |archive-date=9 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409200633/https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/m830a1.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|M325 HEAT-MP-T |
|||
|{{flag|Israel}} |
|||
|Elbit Systems |
|||
|late 1980s |
|||
|984 mm<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|25 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|15 kg |
|||
|1.8 kg of Comp-B<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|PIBD (electric)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|5.6 kg of M26 (Double-base) or M30 ([[Propellant#Composition|Triple-base]])<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|1078 m/s (L/44)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|1st generation Israeli HEAT-MP-T and qualified in [[Leopard 2]], [[Ariete]], [[K1 88-Tank#K1A1|K1A1/A2]], [[M60 tank#M60A3 series|M60A3]] and other MBTs.<ref name="Elbit" /> <br />Also known as CL-3105 on the export market. |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|OECC 120 F1 |
|OECC 120 F1 |
||
Line 826: | Line 855: | ||
|[[Composition B|Comp-B]] |
|[[Composition B|Comp-B]] |
||
| |
| |
||
|[[Propellant# |
|[[Propellant#Composition|Single-base]] |
||
|1100 m/s |
|1100 m/s |
||
|450 mm<ref name="auto6"/> Defeat the Single heavy and Triple heavy NATO targets<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chassillan |first1=Marc |title=Char Leclerc de la guerre froide aux conflits de demain |date=April 2005 |publisher=E-T-A-I |isbn=978-2726894385 |page=191}}</ref> |
|450 mm<ref name="auto6"/> Defeat the Single heavy and Triple heavy NATO targets<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chassillan |first1=Marc |title=Char Leclerc de la guerre froide aux conflits de demain |date=April 2005 |publisher=E-T-A-I |isbn=978-2726894385 |page=191}}</ref> |
||
|improved anti-personnel effects over the OCC 120 G1 |
|improved anti-personnel effects over the OCC 120 G1 |
||
|- |
|||
|M830 HEAT-MP-T |
|||
|{{flag|USA}} |
|||
|General Dynamics |
|||
|1985 |
|||
|981 mm |
|||
|24.2 kg |
|||
|13.5 kg |
|||
|1.662 kg of Comp-B |
|||
| |
|||
|5.4 or 5.5 kg of DIGL-RP ([[Propellant#Chemically powered|Double-base]]) |
|||
|1140 m/s |
|||
| |
|||
|technology transfer from the German DM12A1 except for the M764 fuze, double safety, and propellant containment bag<ref>{{cite web |title=120mm M830 High Explosive Anti-Tank-Multi Purpose - Tracer (HEAT-MP-T) |url=https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/m830a1.htm |website=fas.org |publisher=Federation of American Scientists (FAS) |access-date=25 December 2020 |archive-date=9 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409200633/https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/m830a1.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|M830A1 HEAT-MP-T (a.k.a. MPAT) |
|M830A1 HEAT-MP-T (a.k.a. MPAT) |
||
Line 853: | Line 868: | ||
|11.4 kg |
|11.4 kg |
||
|Comp-B |
|Comp-B |
||
|M774 |
|||
| |
|||
|7.1 kg of 19 Perf JA-2 ( |
|7.1 kg of 19 Perf JA-2 (Double-base) |
||
|1410 m/s |
|1410 m/s |
||
|20% performance increase against bunkers and a 30% performance increase against light armored vehicles.<ref name="120mm_M830A1">{{cite web |title=120mm M830A1 HEAT-MP-T |url=https://fbcinc.com/source/Northrop_Resources/120mm_M830A1.pdf |website=fbcinc.com |publisher=Northrop Grumman |access-date=24 December 2020 |archive-date=19 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210219161345/https://fbcinc.com/source/Northrop_Resources/120mm_M830A1.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|20% performance increase against bunkers and a 30% performance increase against light armored vehicles.<ref name="120mm_M830A1">{{cite web |title=120mm M830A1 HEAT-MP-T |url=https://fbcinc.com/source/Northrop_Resources/120mm_M830A1.pdf |website=fbcinc.com |publisher=Northrop Grumman |access-date=24 December 2020 |archive-date=19 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210219161345/https://fbcinc.com/source/Northrop_Resources/120mm_M830A1.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
Line 868: | Line 883: | ||
|Comp-B |
|Comp-B |
||
|M509A2 |
|M509A2 |
||
|K682 ( |
|K682 (Triple-base) |
||
|1130 m/s (L/44) |
|1130 m/s (L/44) |
||
|600 mm<ref name="K276, K277" /> |
|600 mm<ref name="K276, K277" /> |
||
|1st generation South Korean HEAT-MP-T developed for |
|1st generation South Korean HEAT-MP-T developed for K1A1 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|K280 HEAT-MP-T |
|K280 HEAT-MP-T |
||
Line 884: | Line 899: | ||
|K684 (Double-base) |
|K684 (Double-base) |
||
|1400 m/s (L/55) |
|1400 m/s (L/55) |
||
|700 mm<ref name="Military Review 2201">{{cite web|url=https://m.blog.naver.com/rgm84d/222608989556|title=K1A3 개량논란 & K2 수출형 전차개발|publisher=ADBC|date=31 December 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814211456/https://m.blog.naver.com/rgm84d/222608989556|archivedate=14 August 2023|accessdate=14 August 2023|author=AckDog}}</ref> |
|||
|It is a 2nd generation South Korean HEAT-MP-T developed for [[K2 Black Panther]] and has a built-in direction finding proximity fuze sensor used in the K236 MMFA (Multi-Mode Fused Ammunition).<ref name="Military Review 2201" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|M325 HEAT-MP-T |
|||
|{{flag|Israel}} |
|||
|Elbit Systems |
|||
|late 1980s |
|||
|984 mm |
|||
|25 kg |
|||
|15 kg |
|||
|1.8 kg of Comp-B |
|||
|PIBD (electric) |
|||
|5.6 kg of M26 (double-base) or M30 (triple-base) |
|||
|1078 m/s (L/44) |
|||
| |
| |
||
|It is a 2nd generation South Korean HEAT-MP-T developed for [[K2 Black Panther]] and has a built-in [[Proximity fuze#Radio|radio proximity fuze]] that explodes within 7 meters to counter low-flying aircraft such as [[helicopter]]s.<ref name="K2 120 mm rounds">{{cite web|url=https://www.cctoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=566571|title=K-2 흑표 전차용 신형 대전차포탄|publisher=cctoday|date=4 August 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604002202/https://www.cctoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=566571|archivedate=4 June 2024|accessdate=4 June 2024|author1=Lee Jae-hyung}}</ref> |
|||
|Also known under the CL 3105 export designation. |
|||
|- |
|||
|MOD 292 HEAT-MP-T |
|||
|{{flag|Turkey}} |
|||
|[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]] |
|||
| |
|||
|933.5 mm |
|||
|22 kg (L/44) <br>22.2 kg (L/55) |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|NC-NG (Double-base) |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|Modified based on MOD 290 (M322) APFSDS-T. |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|MOD 310 HEAT-MP-T |
|MOD 310 HEAT-MP-T |
||
Line 919: | Line 906: | ||
|[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]] |
|[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]] |
||
|2018 |
|2018 |
||
|984 mm<ref name="MKE MOD 310">{{cite web|url=https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-310-heat-mp-t/64/2163|title=120 mm MKE MOD 310 HEAT-MP-T|publisher=[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]]|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715061036/https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-310-heat-mp-t/64/2163|archivedate=15 July 2022|accessdate=15 July 2022|author=}}</ref> |
|||
|984 mm |
|||
|25 kg |
|25 kg<ref name="MKE MOD 310" /> |
||
| |
| |
||
|1.76 kg of |
|1.76 kg of Comp-B<ref name="MKE MOD 310" /> |
||
| |
| |
||
|CEP-2 (Double-base) |
|CEP-2 (Double-base)<ref name="MKE MOD 310" /> |
||
|925 m/s |
|925 m/s<ref name="MKE MOD 310" /> |
||
|400 mm at 34° at 200 m<ref name="MKE MOD 310" /> |
|||
|400 mm<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-310-heat-mp-t/64/2163|title=120 mm MKE MOD 310 HEAT-MP-T|publisher=[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]]|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715061036/https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-310-heat-mp-t/64/2163|archivedate=15 July 2022|accessdate=15 July 2022|author=}}</ref> |
|||
|Modified based on Israeli M325 HEAT-MP-T but fitted with a new multi-function fuze and filled with CEP-2 propellant for the low vulnerability ammunition developed by [[IMI Systems]].<ref name="MKE MOD 310" /><ref name="IMEM 2013">{{cite web|url=https://ndiastorage.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net/ndia/2013/IMEM/W16141EliShachar.pdf|title=CLP – IMI's Nitramine Propellant Family for LOVA|publisher=[[IMI Systems]]|date=7 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221154115/https://ndiastorage.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net/ndia/2013/IMEM/W16141EliShachar.pdf|archivedate=21 February 2024|accessdate=21 February 2024|author1=G. Strul|author2=E. Shachar|author3=Y. Cohen|author4=D. Grinstein}}</ref> |
|||
|Modified based on M325 HEAT-MP-T but fitted with a new multi-function fuze. |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
Line 946: | Line 933: | ||
!Effects |
!Effects |
||
!Notes |
!Notes |
||
|- |
|||
|Slsgr 95 <ref name=":6" /> |
|||
|{{Flag|Sweden}} |
|||
| |
|||
|1995 |
|||
|977 mm |
|||
|25 kg |
|||
|17.5 kg |
|||
|3.4 kg M-30 |
|||
|736 m/s |
|||
|2.7 kg |
|||
Composition B |
|||
|ÖFHKSAR M/95 |
|||
| |
|||
|Rebuilt 120 mm mortar round |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|M908 HE-OR-T |
|M908 HE-OR-T |
||
Line 954: | Line 956: | ||
|22.7 kg |
|22.7 kg |
||
|11.4 kg |
|11.4 kg |
||
|7.1 kg 19 Perf Hex JA-2 ([[Propellant# |
|7.1 kg 19 Perf Hex JA-2 ([[Propellant#Composition|Double-base]]) |
||
|1400 m/s |
|1400 m/s |
||
|3.2 kg<ref>{{cite web |title=120 mm Round M 908 HE-OR-T with High Explosive Obstacle Reduction |url=https://arconpartners.net/products/ammunition/large-caliber/120-mm-round-m-908-he-or-t-with-high-explosive-obstacle-reduction-tracer-for-120-mm-m256-smoothbore-gun/ |website=arconpartners.net |publisher=Arcon Partners Ltd |access-date=22 December 2021 |archive-date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222212610/https://arconpartners.net/products/ammunition/large-caliber/120-mm-round-m-908-he-or-t-with-high-explosive-obstacle-reduction-tracer-for-120-mm-m256-smoothbore-gun/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Composition A3 Type II<ref>{{cite web |title=US Cartridge, 120mm HE-OR-T, M908 |url=https://bulletpicker.com/cartridge_-120mm-he-or-t_-m908.html |website=bulletpicker.com |publisher=Bulletpicker |access-date=22 December 2021 |archive-date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222211120/https://bulletpicker.com/cartridge_-120mm-he-or-t_-m908.html |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|3.2 kg<ref>{{cite web |title=120 mm Round M 908 HE-OR-T with High Explosive Obstacle Reduction |url=https://arconpartners.net/products/ammunition/large-caliber/120-mm-round-m-908-he-or-t-with-high-explosive-obstacle-reduction-tracer-for-120-mm-m256-smoothbore-gun/ |website=arconpartners.net |publisher=Arcon Partners Ltd |access-date=22 December 2021 |archive-date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222212610/https://arconpartners.net/products/ammunition/large-caliber/120-mm-round-m-908-he-or-t-with-high-explosive-obstacle-reduction-tracer-for-120-mm-m256-smoothbore-gun/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Composition A3 Type II<ref>{{cite web |title=US Cartridge, 120mm HE-OR-T, M908 |url=https://bulletpicker.com/cartridge_-120mm-he-or-t_-m908.html |website=bulletpicker.com |publisher=Bulletpicker |access-date=22 December 2021 |archive-date=22 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222211120/https://bulletpicker.com/cartridge_-120mm-he-or-t_-m908.html |url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
Line 970: | Line 972: | ||
| |
| |
||
|1030 m/s |
|1030 m/s |
||
|3.2 kg IM (Insensitive Munition) explosive |
|||
| |
|||
|Dual-mode: Superquick and delay<ref>{{cite web |title=120 mm IM HE-T |url=https://www.nammo.com/product/our-products/ammunition/large-caliber-ammunition/120-mm-series/120-mm-im-he-t/ |website=[[nammo.com]] |access-date=25 December 2020}}{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> |
|Dual-mode: Superquick and delay<ref>{{cite web |title=120 mm IM HE-T |url=https://www.nammo.com/product/our-products/ammunition/large-caliber-ammunition/120-mm-series/120-mm-im-he-t/ |website=[[nammo.com]] |access-date=25 December 2020}}{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> |
||
| |
| |
||
|Produced under license by GD-OTS Canada<ref>{{cite web |title=High Explosive IM HE-T & Trainer IM HE-TP |url=https://www.gd-otscanada.com/product/120mm-tank-ammunition/ |website=gd-otscanada.com |access-date=25 December 2020 |archive-date=5 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205080229/https://www.gd-otscanada.com/product/120mm-tank-ammunition/ |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|Produced under license by GD-OTS [[Canada]]<ref>{{cite web |title=High Explosive IM HE-T & Trainer IM HE-TP |url=https://www.gd-otscanada.com/product/120mm-tank-ammunition/ |website=gd-otscanada.com |access-date=25 December 2020 |archive-date=5 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205080229/https://www.gd-otscanada.com/product/120mm-tank-ammunition/ |url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|OE 120 F1 |
|OE 120 F1 |
||
Line 1,021: | Line 1,023: | ||
|Elbit Systems |
|Elbit Systems |
||
| |
| |
||
|984 mm |
|984 mm<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|27 kg |
|27 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|17 kg |
|17 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|4.5 kg of NC-NG (Double-base) |
|4.5 kg of [[Nitrocellulose|NC]]-[[Nitroglycerin|NG]] (Double-base)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|900 m/s |
|900 m/s (L/44)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|2.3 kg of CLX663 |
|2.3 kg of CLX663<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|3 modes: PDD, PD and AB |
|3 modes: PDD, PD and AB<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|capable of penetrating 200 mm double reinforced concrete walls<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|capable of penetrating 200 mm double reinforced concrete walls<ref name="auto4">{{cite web |title=Elbit Systems Land Tank Ammunition Portfolio |url=https://elbitsystems.com/media/Catalog-Tanks_15_Web.pdf |website=elbitsystems.com |publisher=Elbit Systems |access-date=25 December 2020 |archive-date=3 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103183728/https://elbitsystems.com/media/Catalog-Tanks_15_Web.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|RH31 HE SQ |
|RH31 HE SQ |
||
Line 1,076: | Line 1,078: | ||
|[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]] |
|[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]] |
||
|2018 |
|2018 |
||
|984 mm<ref name="MKE MOD 300">{{cite web|url=https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-300-he-t/64/2161|title=120 mm MKE MOD 300 HE-T|publisher=[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]]|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221212921/https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-300-he-t/64/2161|archivedate=21 February 2024|accessdate=21 February 2024|author1=}}</ref> |
|||
|984 mm |
|||
|27.5 kg |
|27.5 kg<ref name="MKE MOD 300" /> |
||
| |
| |
||
|CEP-2 (Double-base) |
|CEP-2 (Double-base)<ref name="MKE MOD 300" /> |
||
|870 m/s (L/44) |
|870 m/s (L/44)<ref name="MKE MOD 300" /> |
||
|4.24 kg of TNT |
|4.24 kg of TNT<ref name="MKE MOD 300" /> |
||
|MOD 305 |
|MOD 305<ref name="MKE MOD 300" /> |
||
| |
|||
|Modified based on M339 HE-MP-T. |
|||
|- |
|||
|SLSGR 95 <ref name=":6" /> |
|||
|{{Flag|Sweden}} |
|||
| |
|||
|1995 |
|||
|977 mm |
|||
|25 kg |
|||
|17.5 kg |
|||
|3.4 kg M-30 |
|||
|736 m/s |
|||
|2.7 kg |
|||
Composition B |
|||
|ÖFHKSAR M/95 |
|||
| |
| |
||
|Modified based on Israeli M339 HE-MP-T |
|||
|Rebuilt 120mm mortar round |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|M1147 AMP |
|M1147 AMP |
||
Line 1,115: | Line 1,102: | ||
| |
| |
||
|} |
|} |
||
</div> |
|||
=== Close Combat === |
=== Close Combat === |
||
{{Incomplete list|date=December 2020}} |
{{Incomplete list|date=December 2020}} |
||
<div style="overflow-x:scroll"> |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
||
!Designation |
!Designation |
||
Line 1,124: | Line 1,112: | ||
!Designer & producer |
!Designer & producer |
||
!Year |
!Year |
||
!Cartridge length (mm) |
|||
!Weight, complete round (kg) |
!Weight, complete round (kg) |
||
!Projectile weight (kg) |
!Projectile weight (kg) |
||
Line 1,137: | Line 1,126: | ||
|{{flag|USA}} |
|{{flag|USA}} |
||
|General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems |
|General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems |
||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
|22.9 kg |
|22.9 kg |
||
Line 1,152: | Line 1,142: | ||
|Elbit Systems |
|Elbit Systems |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
|814 mm<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
| |
|13.5 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|3.5 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|6 kg of M30 ([[Propellant#Chemically powered|Triple-base]]) |
|||
|6 kg of M30 ([[Propellant#Composition|Triple-base]])<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
| |
| |
||
|plastic flakes |
|plastic flakes<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|no |
|no |
||
|creates a flash, bang and blast effect and also disperses plastic flakes in the vicinity of the tank<ref name=" |
|creates a flash, bang and blast effect and also disperses plastic flakes in the vicinity of the tank<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
| |
| |
||
|} |
|} |
||
</div> |
|||
=== Guided munition === |
=== Guided munition === |
||
{{Incomplete list|date=December 2020}} |
{{Incomplete list|date=December 2020}} |
||
<div style="overflow-x:scroll"> |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
||
!Designation |
!Designation |
||
Line 1,275: | Line 1,267: | ||
|{{flag|Turkey}} |
|{{flag|Turkey}} |
||
|Roketsan |
|Roketsan |
||
|2019 (design)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Valpolini |first1=Paolo |title=IDEF 19: Roketsan unveils the future Altay 120 mm laser guided ammunition |url=https://www.edrmagazine.eu/idef-19-roketsan-unveils-the-future-altay-120-mm-laser-guided-ammunition |website=edrmagazine.eu |access-date=23 October 2022}}</ref> |
|2019 (design)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Valpolini |first1=Paolo |title=IDEF 19: Roketsan unveils the future Altay 120 mm laser guided ammunition |url=https://www.edrmagazine.eu/idef-19-roketsan-unveils-the-future-altay-120-mm-laser-guided-ammunition |website=edrmagazine.eu |date=9 May 2019 |access-date=23 October 2022}}</ref> |
||
| |
| |
||
|11 kg |
|11 kg |
||
Line 1,285: | Line 1,277: | ||
|It features two attack modes : direct and top attack. Use a "soft launch" engine. |
|It features two attack modes : direct and top attack. Use a "soft launch" engine. |
||
|} |
|} |
||
</div> |
|||
=== Target Practice Tracer (TP-T) === |
=== Target Practice Tracer (TP-T) === |
||
{{Incomplete list|date=March 2022}} |
{{Incomplete list|date=March 2022}} |
||
Notes on notation: |
|||
* Table includes information on ballistically-matched combat ammunition for each practice round if possible. |
|||
* TP-T stands for target practice, tracer. Some nations add a parenthetical to indicate the class of ammunition being emulated, e.g. TP-T (HEAT). |
|||
* TPCSDS-T stands for target practice, cone stabilized, discarding sabot, with tracer. It is commonly used to match the ballistics of an APFSDS round. |
|||
<div style="overflow-x:scroll"> |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; height: 200px;" |
||
!Designation |
!Designation |
||
Line 1,298: | Line 1,295: | ||
!Propellant type & weight |
!Propellant type & weight |
||
!Muzzle velocity |
!Muzzle velocity |
||
!Filler type & weight |
|||
!Filling |
|||
!Fuzing |
!Fuzing |
||
!Notes |
!Notes |
||
|- |
|||
|M831 |
|||
|TP-T |
|||
|{{flag|USA}} |
|||
|? |
|||
|early 1980s |
|||
| |
|||
|24.2 kg |
|||
|5.4 or 5.5 kg of DIGL-RP |
|||
|1140 m/s<!-- estimate from M830 --> |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|Surrogate for M830. Virtually identical to DM18, the practice round for DM12A1. Fin-stabilized. |
|||
|- |
|||
|M831A1 |
|||
|TP-T |
|||
|{{flag|USA}} |
|||
|? |
|||
|1990s |
|||
|? |
|||
|M14 |
|||
| |
|||
|1410 m/s<!-- estimate from M830A1 --> |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|Surrogate for M830A1 HEAT-MP-T. Cheaper than M831 thanks to the removal of fins.<ref>{{cite web |title=M831A1 120mm Target Practice - Tracer (TP-T) Cartridge |url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/m831.htm |website=www.globalsecurity.org}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|DM38 |
|||
|TPCSDS-T |
|||
|{{flag|Germany}} |
|||
|Rheinmetall |
|||
| |
|||
|before M865 (2002) |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|1690 m/s |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|not in produce |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|M865 |
|M865 |
||
Line 1,311: | Line 1,347: | ||
|M14 |
|M14 |
||
|1700 m/s |
|1700 m/s |
||
|Projectiles with aluminum sabot |
|||
| |
| |
||
|Surrogate for M829 APFSDS-T. |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|K282 |
|K282 |
||
Line 1,322: | Line 1,358: | ||
|24.5 kg |
|24.5 kg |
||
|989 mm |
|989 mm |
||
|K682 ([[Propellant# |
|K682 ([[Propellant#Composition|Triple-base]]) |
||
|1130 m/s (L/44) |
|1130 m/s (L/44) |
||
| |
| |
||
|K611 (Electric) |
|K611 (Electric) |
||
| |
|Surrogate for K277 HEAT-MP-T. |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|K287 |
|K287 |
||
| |
|ARTP-T (HEAT) |
||
|{{flag|South Korea}} |
|{{flag|South Korea}} |
||
|Poongsan Corporation |
|Poongsan Corporation |
||
Line 1,335: | Line 1,371: | ||
|22.9 kg |
|22.9 kg |
||
|980 mm |
|980 mm |
||
|KM30 ([[Propellant# |
|KM30 ([[Propellant#Composition|Double-base]]) |
||
|1130 m/s (L/44) |
|1130 m/s (L/44) |
||
|[[Iron|Fe]] |
|[[Iron|Fe]] powder sintered |
||
|K604 (Electric) |
|K604 (Electric) |
||
| |
|Surrogate for K277 HEAT-MP-T. Anti-[[ricochet]] practice round developed to minimize accidental damage caused by the ricochet. In service in [[Poland]]. |
||
|- |
|||
|DM38 |
|||
|TPCSDS-T |
|||
|{{flag|Germany}} |
|||
|Rheinmetall |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|1690 m/s |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|not in produce |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|DM48 |
|DM48 |
||
Line 1,398: | Line 1,421: | ||
|Elbit Systems |
|Elbit Systems |
||
| |
| |
||
|18.3 kg |
|18.3 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|925 mm<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|7.8 kg of |
|7.8 kg of [[Nitrocellulose|NC]]-[[Nitroglycerin|NG]] (Double-base)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|1730 m/s (L/44) |
|1730 m/s (L/44)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|Steel |
|Steel<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|M45112 (Electric) |
|M45112 (Electric) |
||
|Produced under licence by Turkey as MOD 291<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-291-tpcsds-t/64/2165|title=120 mm MKE MOD 291 TPCSDS-T|publisher=[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]]|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627193648/https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-291-tpcsds-t/64/2165|archivedate=27 June 2022|accessdate=27 June 2022|author=}}</ref> |
|Surrogate for "typical" APDSFS projectiles (not specifically given).<ref name=Elbit15>{{cite web |date=2015 |title=Elbit Systems Land Tank Ammunition Portfolio 2015 edition |url=https://elbitsystems.com/media/Catalog-Tanks_15_Web.pdf}} [https://elbitsystems.com/media/Catalog-Tanks_17_noIMI_Web_compressed.pdf 2017 edition]</ref> Produced under licence by [[Turkey]] as MOD 291<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-291-tpcsds-t/64/2165|title=120 mm MKE MOD 291 TPCSDS-T|publisher=[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]]|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627193648/https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-291-tpcsds-t/64/2165|archivedate=27 June 2022|accessdate=27 June 2022|author=}}</ref> |
||
|- |
|||
|M326 |
|||
|TP-T (HEAT) |
|||
|{{flag|Israel}} |
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|Elbit Systems |
|||
| |
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|25 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
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|984 mm<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|5.6 kg of M26 (double-base) or M30 (triple-base)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|1078 m/s (L/44)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
|Inert<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|Surrogate for M325 HEAT-MP-T.<ref name="Elbit" /> |
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|- |
|- |
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|M340 |
|M340 |
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Line 1,411: | Line 1,447: | ||
|Elbit Systems |
|Elbit Systems |
||
| |
| |
||
|27 kg |
|27 kg<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|984 mm<ref name="Elbit" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|4.5 kg |
|4.5 kg of NC-NG (Double-base)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|900 m/s (L/44) |
|900 m/s (L/44)<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
|Inert |
|Inert<ref name="Elbit" /> |
||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
|Surrogate for M339 HE-MP-T.<ref name="Elbit" /> |
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|- |
|- |
||
|M303 |
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|M326 |
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|TP-T |
|TP-T "Affordable" |
||
|{{flag|Israel}} |
|{{flag|Israel}} |
||
|Elbit Systems |
|Elbit Systems |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
|22 kg<ref name=Elbit15/> |
||
|984 mm<ref name=Elbit15/> |
|||
| |
|||
|5.6 kg of |
|5.6 kg of NC-NG (Double-base)<ref name=Elbit15/> |
||
| |
|1150 m/s (L/44)<ref name=Elbit15/> |
||
|Inert |
|Inert<ref name=Elbit15/> |
||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
|Low cost round without a specified match.<ref name=Elbit15/> |
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|- |
|- |
||
|120 mm IM TP-T |
|120 mm IM TP-T |
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Line 1,443: | Line 1,479: | ||
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| |
||
| |
| |
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|Qualified in Leopard 2 and M1. The round is in service in several countries. |
|Surrogate for Nammo IM HE-T. Inert fuse settable in delay or superquick mode. Qualified in Leopard 2 and M1. The round is in service in several countries. |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|120 mm KE-TP |
|120 mm KE-TP |
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Line 1,456: | Line 1,492: | ||
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| |
||
| |
| |
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|Qualified in Leopard 2 and M1. The round is in service in several countries. |
|Surrogate for a "typical" APFSDS. Qualified in Leopard 2 and M1. The round is in service in several countries. |
||
|- |
|- |
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|PZ-521 |
|PZ-521 |
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Line 1,467: | Line 1,503: | ||
|L-2 |
|L-2 |
||
|950 m/s |
|950 m/s |
||
|488 g of [[gunpowder]] |
|||
|488g Gunpowder |
|||
|C-88 |
|C-88 |
||
|Qualified in Leopard 2. The round is in service in Poland. Self-detonation after 4–5 km.<ref name="amunicjaOdłamkowoBurzaca">{{cite web|url=https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-PWAA-0036-0024/c/httpwww_witu_mil_plwwwbiuletynzeszyty20120121p51.pdf|title=Amunicja z pociskami odłamkowo-burzącymi do czołgów Leopard 2A eksploatowanych w Wojsku Polskim|last=Kuśnierz|first=Tadeusz|publisher=Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia|page=54|accessdate=30 May 2022|archive-date=30 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530132536/https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-PWAA-0036-0024/c/httpwww_witu_mil_plwwwbiuletynzeszyty20120121p51.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> |
|Qualified in Leopard 2. The round is in service in Poland. Self-detonation after 4–5 km.<ref name="amunicjaOdłamkowoBurzaca">{{cite web|url=https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-PWAA-0036-0024/c/httpwww_witu_mil_plwwwbiuletynzeszyty20120121p51.pdf|title=Amunicja z pociskami odłamkowo-burzącymi do czołgów Leopard 2A eksploatowanych w Wojsku Polskim|last=Kuśnierz|first=Tadeusz|publisher=Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia|page=54|accessdate=30 May 2022|archive-date=30 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530132536/https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-PWAA-0036-0024/c/httpwww_witu_mil_plwwwbiuletynzeszyty20120121p51.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
Line 1,483: | Line 1,519: | ||
| |
| |
||
|Qualified in Leopard 2. The round is in service in Poland. 1.9 kg penetrator with a diameter of ⌀68mm<ref name="amunicjaCwiczebnaStabilizatorem">{{cite web|url=https://docplayer.pl/142650294-The-external-ballistics-of-flare-stabilized-training-projectiles-for-tank-gun.html|title=Balistyka pocisków ćwiczebnych ze stabilizatorem stożkowym do armat czołgowych|last=Pankowski|first=Zygmunt|publisher=Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia|format=PDF|accessdate=30 May 2022|archive-date=30 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530134255/https://docplayer.pl/142650294-The-external-ballistics-of-flare-stabilized-training-projectiles-for-tank-gun.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
|Qualified in Leopard 2. The round is in service in Poland. 1.9 kg penetrator with a diameter of ⌀68mm<ref name="amunicjaCwiczebnaStabilizatorem">{{cite web|url=https://docplayer.pl/142650294-The-external-ballistics-of-flare-stabilized-training-projectiles-for-tank-gun.html|title=Balistyka pocisków ćwiczebnych ze stabilizatorem stożkowym do armat czołgowych|last=Pankowski|first=Zygmunt|publisher=Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia|format=PDF|accessdate=30 May 2022|archive-date=30 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530134255/https://docplayer.pl/142650294-The-external-ballistics-of-flare-stabilized-training-projectiles-for-tank-gun.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|- |
|||
|MOD 292 |
|||
|TP-T (HEAT) |
|||
|{{flag|Turkey}} |
|||
|[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]] |
|||
| |
|||
|22 kg (L/44) <br>22.2 kg (L/55)<ref name="MKE MOD 292">{{cite web|url=https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-292-high-pressure/64/2166|title=120 mm MKE MOD 292 High Pressure|publisher=[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]]|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221180207/https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-292-high-pressure/64/2166|archivedate=21 February 2024|accessdate=21 February 2024|author=}}</ref> |
|||
|933.5 mm<ref name="MKE MOD 292" /> |
|||
|NC-NG (Double-base)<ref name="MKE MOD 292" /> |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|High pressure practice round developed based on Israeli M322 (MOD 290) APFSDS-T.<ref name="MKE MOD 292" /> |
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|- |
|- |
||
|MOD 301 |
|MOD 301 |
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Line 1,489: | Line 1,538: | ||
|[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]] |
|[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]] |
||
| |
| |
||
|27.5 kg<ref name="MKE MOD 301">{{cite web|url=https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-301-tp-t/64/2162|title=120 mm MKE MOD 301 TP-T|publisher=[[Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation|MKE]]|date=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221192623/https://www.mkeusa.com/en-US/catalogue/medium-and-large-calibers/120-mm-mke-mod-301-tp-t/64/2162|archivedate=21 February 2024|accessdate=21 February 2024|author1=}}</ref> |
|||
|27.5 kg |
|||
|984 mm |
|984 mm<ref name="MKE MOD 301" /> |
||
|CEP-2 (Double-base) |
|CEP-2 (Double-base)<ref name="MKE MOD 301" /> |
||
|870 m/s |
|870 m/s<ref name="MKE MOD 301" /> |
||
|4.2 kg of |
|4.2 kg of [[sorel cement]]<ref name="MKE MOD 301" /> |
||
|MOD 305 |
|MOD 305<ref name="MKE MOD 301" /> |
||
| |
|Practice HE round modified based on MOD 300 HE-T.<ref name="MKE MOD 301" /> |
||
|} |
|} |
||
</div> |
|||
==Weapon platforms== |
==Weapon platforms== |
||
Line 1,515: | Line 1,565: | ||
* [[IMI 120 mm gun|MG253]] ({{flag|Israel}}) used on the [[Sabra (tank)|M60 Sabra]] |
* [[IMI 120 mm gun|MG253]] ({{flag|Israel}}) used on the [[Sabra (tank)|M60 Sabra]] |
||
* [[OTO Melara]]-[[Breda]] 120/44 ({{flag|Italy}}), used on the [[Ariete|C1 Ariete]] |
* [[OTO Melara]]-[[Breda]] 120/44 ({{flag|Italy}}), used on the [[Ariete|C1 Ariete]] |
||
* [[OTO Melara]]-[[Breda]] 120/45 ({{flag|Italy}}), used on the [[Centauro|B2 Centauro]] |
* [[OTO Melara]]-[[Breda]] 120/45 ({{flag|Italy}}), used on the [[B1 Centauro|B2 Centauro]] |
||
* CTG ({{flag|Switzerland}}), used on the [[CV90120]] and [[WPB Anders]] |
* CTG ({{flag|Switzerland}}), used on the [[CV90120]] and [[WPB Anders]] |
||
* [[K1 88-Tank|CN03]] ({{flag|South Korea}}), used on the [[K1 88-Tank#Variants and upgrades|K1A2]] |
* [[K1 88-Tank|CN03]] ({{flag|South Korea}}), used on the [[K1 88-Tank#Variants and upgrades|K1A2]] |
Latest revision as of 16:49, 15 December 2024
120×570mm NATO tank ammunition | |
---|---|
Type | Tank gun ammunition |
Place of origin | Federal Republic of Germany |
Service history | |
In service | 1979–present |
Used by | Western Bloc and others |
Production history | |
Designed | early 1970s |
Specifications | |
Case type | Rimmed, bottleneck |
Bullet diameter | 120 mm (4.7 in) |
Base diameter | 160 mm (6.3 in) |
Rim diameter | 169 mm (6.7 in) |
Case length | 570 mm (22 in) |
Overall length | 984 mm (38.7 in) |
Rifling twist | none |
Primer type | electric |
120×570mm NATO tank ammunition (4.7 inch), also known as 120×570mmR, is a common, NATO-standard (STANAG 4385), tank gun semi-combustible cartridge used by 120mm smoothbore guns, superseding the earlier 105×617mmR cartridge used in NATO-standard rifled tank guns.
History
[edit]The 120×570 R cartridge was originally intended for the German Rh-120 smoothbore gun but an interoperability agreement signed between West Germany and France in April 1979, followed in September 1981 by a project to install the M256 120 mm smoothbore gun on future M1A1 Abrams tanks made it a NATO standard.[1][2]
Characteristics
[edit]The 120×570mm are one-piece ammunition with semi-combustible cartridge cases. These incorporate a short, metallic stub case with an elastomeric sealing ring which allows the use of a normal sliding wedge type of breech and at the same time significantly reduces the weight of the rounds. Thus, a round of 120 mm Rheinmetall APFSDS ammunition has a mass of 19.8 kg, which is little more than the 18 kg mass of a typical 105 mm APFSDS round with the traditional metallic cartridge case.[3]
Ammunition
[edit]This section possibly contains unsourced predictions, speculative material, or accounts of events that might not occur. Information must be verifiable and based on reliable published sources. (March 2022) |
Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS)
[edit]There are different ways to measure APFSDS penetration value. NATO uses the 50% (This means that 50% of the shell had to go through the plate), while the Soviet/Russian standard is higher (80% had to go through).
Designation | Origin | Designer & producer | Year | Cartridge length (mm) | Sub-projectile length (mm) | Penetrator dimension (⌀ mm × mm) | L/D ratio (sub-projectile / penetrator only) | Penetrator material & weight (kg) | Sub-projectile weight with sabot / without sabot (kg) | Weight, complete round (kg) | Propellant type & weight | Chamber pressure (MPa) | Muzzle velocity (m/s) | Velocity drop (m/s at m) | Perforation at normal and oblique incidences | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DM13 | Germany | Rheinmetall | 1979 | 888 mm | 457.7 mm | ⌀ 38-26 × 315 mm | 8:1 | Tungsten alloy | 7.22 kg / 4.64 kg | 18.7 kg | 7.3 kg | 510 MPa | 1650 m/s[4] (L/44) | 75 m/s (at 1000 m) | NATO single heavy target at 68° at 2000 m | |
OFL 120 G1 | France | GIAT | 1981 | 977 mm | 541.5 mm | ⌀ 26 mm × 375 mm | 14.4:1 | 18 density DENAL DX 130 R tungsten alloy[5] | 6.2 kg / 3.78 kg | 18.75 kg[6] | 7.45 kg of B19T | 416 MPa | 1630 m/s (1981) 1650 m/s (upgraded, 1987) 1780 m/s[i] (all L/52) |
60 m/s (at 1000 m) | 420 mm at 1000 m,[7] defeat the NATO Single heavy target at 8000 m and the Triple heavy target at 7000 m or 8400 m | Use the same penetrator as the OFL 105 F1 105 mm APFSDS in a larger sabot. Upgraded with Israeli-style steel fins instead of aluminium in 1987.[8] |
DM23 | Germany | Rheinmetall | 1982[9] | 884 mm | 457.7 mm | ⌀ 32 × 360 mm | 12:1 | Tungsten alloy | 7.2 kg / 4.3 kg or 4.6 kg | 7.3 kg[9] | 1640 m/s[10] or 1650 m/s[4] (L/44) | 56 m/s (at 1000 m)
111 m/s (at 1000 m) |
420 mm at 2000 m | Produced under licence by Switzerland as Pfeil Pat 87 | ||
M829 | USA | Alliant Techsystems | 1984 | 935 mm[11] | 616 mm[12] | ⌀ 27 × 460 mm | 23:1 / 17:1 | Depleted uranium alloy, 3.94 kg[13] | 7.1 kg[14] / 4.27 kg | 18.7 kg[11] | 8.1 kg of JA-2 (double-base) | 509 MPa | 1670 m/s[15] (L/44) | 62 m/s (at 1000 m)
123 m/s (at 2000 m) |
525 mm[16] to 540 mm at 2000 m (LoS 60°)[17] | Actual average diameter is around 24.2 mm, 27 mm is the maximum diameter of the buttress threads. |
DM33 | Germany | Rheinmetall | 1987 | ⌀ 28[18] × 510 mm | 20:1 / 19:1[18] | Tungsten alloy | 7.3 kg / 4.6 kg[19] | 19 kg[19] | 7.6 kg of 7-hole grain-type | 515 MPa[20] | 1650 m/s[4] (L/44) | 75 m/s (at 1000 m)[18] 120 m/s (at 2000 m) |
480 mm at 2000 m | Produced under licence by Japan as JM33 and by Switzerland as Pfeil Pat 90 | ||
M829A1 | USA | Alliant Techsystems | 1988 | 984 mm[21] | 778 mm | ⌀ 21.6 × 680[22] mm | 35:1 / 31:1 | Depleted Uranium alloy, 4.64 kg[13] | 8.165 kg / 4.88 kg | 20.9 kg[21] | 7.9 kg of JA-2 (double-base) | 560 MPa (5,600 bar)[23] or 569 MPa (5,690 bar) | 1575 m/s[23] (L/44) | 69 m/s (at 1000 m)
135 m/s (at 2000 m) |
650 mm[16] at 2000 m (LoS at 60°) | Nicknamed the "silver bullet" by US tank crews in Operation Desert Storm. |
KE-T | USA | Alliant Techsystems | 1988 | 983 mm[24] | 658 mm | Tungsten alloy | 7.16 kg / 4 kg | 18.7 kg[24] | 8.1 kg of JA-2 (double-base) | 510 MPa[23] | 1690 m/s[24] | Developed by Alliant Techsystems, NWM de Kruithoorn of the Netherlands for the penetrator and Chamberlain Manufacturing Company of the USA who provided the sabots, fins and projectile assembly facility. | ||||
M321 | Israel | Elbit Systems | 1989 | 936 mm[25] | Tungsten alloy[25] | approx. 20 kg[25] | approx. 8 kg of M26 (double-base)[26] | 1650 m/s (L/44)[25] | M321 penetrator was later re-used on the 105 mm M426 APFSDS in 1990. | |||||||
M1080 | Belgium | MECAR | early 1990s | 995 mm | 625 mm | Tungsten alloy | 7.2 kg / | 25 kg[27] | approx 8 kg | 1675 m/s[27] | >540 mm of RHA at 0°[28] | Features an advanced-design tungsten penetrator. In 1995, the firm began development of an enhanced version of the M1080 which became available in 1999.[29] | ||||
M322 | Israel | Elbit Systems | 1990s | 984 mm[30] | Tungsten alloy | 8 kg / 5.6 kg[31] | 20 kg[30] | 8 kg of NC-NG (double-base)[30] | 1705 m/s[30] (L/44) | 130 m/s (at 2000 m) | 658 mm at 70° at 2000 m[32] | Produced under licence by Turkey as MOD 290.[32] Also known as CL-3143 (Italy) and Slpprj 95[33] (Sweden) on the export market. | ||||
DM43A1 | France and Germany | Giat Industries and Rheinmetall | 1992 or 1996 | 978 mm | ⌀ 26 × 600 mm | 27:1 | Tungsten alloy | 7.2 kg / 4 kg | 19.5 kg or 20 kg | 7.6 kg of L1 M (double-base) | 550 MPa or 560 MPa[34] | 1740 m/s[4] (L/44) | 100 m/s (at 2000 m) | 560 mm at 2000 m[35] | French-German development, never adopted by the Bundeswehr and used in the French Army under the OFL 120 F1 designation. | |
OFL 120 F1 | France and Germany | Giat Industries and Rheinmetall | 1992 or 1994 | 984 mm | ⌀ 26 × 600 mm | 27:1 | Tungsten alloy | 7.3 kg / 4 kg | 19.6 kg | 8.3 kg | 580 MPa | 1790 m/s[36] (L/52) | 100 m/s (at 2000 m) | 560 mm at 2000 m[37] | Feature the same penetrator as the DM43 but use a French propellant, later redesignated as 120 OFLE F1A. Late production, upgraded models are known under the 120 OFLE F1B and 120 OFLE F1B+ designations. | |
M829A2 | USA | General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems | 1994 | 780 mm | ⌀ 21.6 × 695 mm | 35:1 / 32:1 | Depleted Uranium alloy, 4.74 kg | 7.9 kg[38] / 4.92 kg | 8.7 kg of JA-2 (double-base) | 565 MPa[38] or 580 MPa | 1680 m/s[38] (L/44) | 60 m/s (at 1000 m) 120 m/s (at 2000 m) |
Improvements over M829A1 include a stepped tip and use of a new lightweight composite Sabot, which allowed for increased muzzle velocity. | |||
KE-W Terminator | USA | Olin Defense System Groups (Primex Technologies) General Dynamics Ordnanceand Tactical System (later) |
1996 | 980 mm[39] | 778 mm[40] | ⌀ 21.6 × 680 mm | 35:1 / 31:1 | C2 Tungsten alloy
4.32 kg or 4.37 kg |
8.2 kg[40] / 4.6 kg | 20.5 kg[39] | 7.91 kg of JA-2 (double-base)[40] | 496.6 MPa[40] | 1585 m/s[40] (L/44) | 60 m/s (at 1000 m) | in excess of 600 mm[41] | US Export version of M829A1, features a Tungsten alloy penetrator instead of depleted uranium. |
K276 | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 1996[42] | 973 mm[43] | 703.6 mm[44] | 600 mm[43] | 25:1 | Tungsten alloy | 7.35 kg[44] / | 19.7 kg[43] | K683 (triple-base)[43] | 586 MPa[45] | 1700 m/s[44] (L/44) | >600 mm (LoS at 60° obliquity) at 2000 m[46] or 650 mm at 2000 m[47] | Penetrators are manufactured by cyclic heat-treatment and double-cycle sintering process. This causes a phenomenon similar to the self-sharpening effect of the depleted uranium penetrator.[48][49] | |
OFL 120 F2 | France | Giat Industries | 1996[50] | 984 mm | ⌀ 27 × 594 mm | 22:1 (penetrator) | Depleted Uranium alloy | 7.78 kg / 4.5 kg | 20.5 kg | 8.1 kg | 560 MPa | 1740 m/s[50] (L/52) | 640 mm at 2000 m[51] | Has superior penetration performance compared to the OFL 120 F1.[52] 60 000 rounds were made from 1996 to 2000.[53] | ||
12 cm Pz Kann Pfeil Pat 98 Lsp | Germany/ Switzerland | Rheinmetall DeTec/RUAG Ammotec | 1999 | 745 mm | 26:1 | WSM 4-1 tungsten alloy | 19 kg | 8.9 kg of L1 | 545 MPa[23] | 1640 m/s (L/44) | First iteration of the DM53 purchased by the Swiss Army. Fitted with a tracer. | |||||
DM53 | Germany | Rheinmetall | 2001 | 745 mm | ⌀ 26 × 685 mm[54][unreliable source?] | 26:1 | WSM 4-1 tungsten alloy | 8.35 kg[23] / 5 kg | 21.4 kg | 8.9 kg of L1 (DM53) 8.45 kg of L15190 SCDB (DM53A1)[23] |
545 MPa[23] | 1670 m/s (L/44)[4] 1720 m/s (L/55)[55] |
55 m/s (at 1000 m) 110 m/s (at 2000 m) |
Development in Germany continued after the Swiss purchase, the German DM53 round includes a minor geometric modification and the replacement of the tracer element with an incendiary cartridge to add behind-armour effect. The DM53A1 version differs from the DM53 by its SCDB propellant firstly introduced with the DM63. | ||
KE-W A1 | USA | General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems | 1999 or 2000 | Tungsten alloy | / 4 kg | 8.4 kg of L1/M2400 (double-base) | 580 MPa[23] | 1740 m/s[23] (L/44) | 100 m/s (at 2000 m) | US export variant of the French-German DM43 | ||||||
M338 | Israel | Elbit Systems | 984 mm[30] | Tungsten alloy | 21 kg[30] | 8 kg of LOVA (double-base)[30] | 1680 m/s (L/44)[30] | 3rd generation Israeli APFSDS-T.[30] | ||||||||
M829A3 | USA | Alliant Techsystems (ATK), Armtech Defense, Aerojet GenCorp and Northrop Grumman | 2003 | 924 mm[56] | Main Rod
⌀ 25 x 670 mm Tip Section ⌀25 x 100 mm[57] |
37:1 / 31:1 | Depleted Uranium alloy Main Rod with Tungsten Alloy Tip Section[58] | 10 kg[56] / 7.2 kg | 8.1 kg[59] or 8.15 kg[56] of RPD-380 sticks | 566 MPa | 1555 m/s[56][59] (L/44) | Features an improved penetrator using a special tip assembly to overcome newer types of heavy ERA. | ||||
KEW-A2 | USA | General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems | 2003 | 780 mm | ⌀ 21.6 × 695 mm | 35:1 / 32:1 | Tungsten-nickel-iron alloy | 7.6 kg[38] | 8.6 kg of JA-2 (double-base)[23] | 580 MPa[23] | 1700 m/s[23] (L/44) | 660 mm at 2000 m | Export version of the M829A2 round, it features a tungsten penetrator | |||
DM63 | Germany | Rheinmetall | 2005[60] | 745 mm | 26:1 | WSM 4-1 tungsten alloy | 8.35 kg[23] / 5 kg | 21 kg[61] | 8.45 kg of L15190 SCDB[23] | 545 MPa[23] | 1650 m/s (L/44) 1720 m/s (L/55)[61] |
55 m/s (at 1000 m) 110 m/s (at 2000 m) |
Based on the DM53, it features a Temperature Independent Propulsion System (TIPS) utilizing the SCDB technology. Those modifications improve the accuracy through a wide operational temperatures ensuring safe operation extreme climate zones, and minimizing the erosion of the barrel. The DM63A1 is a 2014 version of the DM63 designed to be compatible with all 120 mm smoothbore guns without modifications. | |||
K279 | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 2008 | 998 mm[43] | 761.6 mm[44] | 27:1 | Tungsten alloy | 8.27 kg[44] / 5 kg | 21.3 kg[43] | 8.6 kg of L15190 (SCDB)[62][63] | 1760 m/s[44] (L/55) | 120 m/s (at 2000 m) | >700 mm (LoS at 60° obliquity) at 2000 m[46] | The penetrator is manufactured of a composite material consisting of tungsten, nickel, iron, and molybdenum.[48] | ||
Type 10 | Japan | DAIKIN, CHUGOKU-KAYAKU | 2010 | ⌀ 24 mm × 630 mm[citation needed] | 26:1 | Tungsten alloy | 7.8 kg / 4.2 kg | 1780 m/s (L/44)[citation needed] | A Japanese APFSDS round only dedicated to Type 10 MBT. Although this is a NATO-standard round, it can only be used with the Type 10 Cannon due to the increased load and resulting increased pressure when fired.[64] | |||||||
120 OFLE F2 | France | Nexter | 2013 | Depleted uranium alloy | Qualified in 2009, 3000 rounds ordered in 2010, 500 were to be delivered in 2013.[65] | |||||||||||
KET | USA | Orbital ATK | before 2015 | Tungsten alloy | 9.67 kg | 8.1 kg of RPD-380 or SCDB | 1562 m/s[66] | Not to be confused with the older KE-T from Alliant Techsystems, the KET features a lightweight composite sabot, consistent performance across full temperature range and improved defeat capability against heavy explosive reactive armor. | ||||||||
Pz-531 | Poland | WITU | 2015 | Tungsten alloy | 6.6 kg / | 8.2 kg | 490 MPa | 1650 m/s[67] (L/44) | ≥500 mm at 2000 m[68] | Features a segmented penetrator made of two rods. | ||||||
K279 Improved | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 2016 | 998 mm[43] | 761.6 mm[44] | 27:1 | Tungsten alloy | 8.27 kg[44] / 5 kg | 21.3 kg[43] | 8.6 kg of 19-hole cylinder-type DNDA-57 (SCDB)[69] | 690 MPa[69] | 1800 m/s[ii][69] (L/55) | 122 m/s (at 2000 m) | Produced with a new SCDB propellant based on Solventless powder coated with polyester developed by Poongsan Corporation.[70][71][72] | ||
M829A4 | USA | General Dynamics Ordnance & Tactical Systems and Alliant Techsystems | 2016 | depleted uranium alloy | SCDB granules, 19-perforated stick of DEGN | 1650 m/s[73] (L/44) | The M829A4 subprojectile has comparable characteristics to its predecessor, the M829A3, in length, weight, and center of
gravity.[74] The visible difference between the two cartridges is the Ammunition Data Link (ADL) interface rings on the base of the M829A4. | |||||||||
AKE-T | USA | 2021 | Main rod
⌀ 25 x 670 mm Tip section ⌀25 x >100 mm[57] |
Tungsten alloy Main rod with a Steel Tip Section | Consist of the in-service M829A4 and the new Advanced Kinetic Energy - Tungsten round replacing the A4's depleted uranium penetrator[75] | |||||||||||
KE-W A4 | USA/ Germany | General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems and Rheinmetall | c. 2022 | Tungsten alloy | temperature insensitive propellant | Visually identical to the German DM63 120 mm APFSDS. | ||||||||||
SHARD Mk. 1 | France | Nexter Munitions | qualified in late 2023 | 984 mm | Plansee D10 tungsten alloy[76] and another tungsten alloy | 22 kg | EURENCO low-erosion double base propellant | 520 MPa | 1720 m/s[77] (L/52) 1734 m/s (L/55)[78] |
SHARD stands for Solution for Hardenered ARmour Defeat. It is said to have 15% performance increase over current APFSDS ammunition. Barrel wear is reduced by 25%. | ||||||
SHARD Mk. 2 | France | Nexter Munitions | Plansee D10 tungsten alloy and another tungsten alloy | >520 MPa | >1720 m/s (L/52) | The SHARD Mk. 2 will use a more energetic propellant than the double-base propellant featured on the Mk. 1.[79] | ||||||||||
DM73 | Germany | Rheinmetall | late 2023 | 745 mm | ⌀ 26 × 685 mm[54][unreliable source?] | 26:1 | WSM 4-1 tungsten alloy | 8.35 kg / 5 kg | 21 kg[61] | SCDB | 1780 m/s (L/55)[61] | The DM73 reuse the same penetrator of the DM63[80] but achieves an 8%[81] uplift in performance regarding the combat range[82] through the use of a more powerful propellant. The DM73 requires the high-pressure L55A1 gun and cannot be used in either L44 and L55 gun systems. | ||||
KE2020Neo | Germany | Rheinmetall | serial production foreseen for 2025 | tungsten alloy | The KE2020Neo forecasted increase in performances should reach 20% compared to current APFSDS ammunition thanks to the use of a lighter sabot and a more energetic propellant, the latter is allowed by the raised chamber pressures of the improved Rh-120 L55A1 gun.[83] |
High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT)
[edit]Designation | Origin | Designer & producer | Year | Cartridge length (mm) | Weight, complete round (kg) | Projectile weight (kg) | Explosive filling (kg) | Fuzing | Propellant type & weight | Muzzle velocity (m/s) | Perforation at normal and oblique incidences | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DM12 MZ | Germany | 1979 | 23.2 kg | 13.5 kg | 1.62 kg | 1140 m/s | not in produce | |||||
DM12A1 MZ | Germany | Rheinmetall DeTec | 23.2 kg | 14.1 kg | 1.627.2 kg | 5.57.2 kg | 1140 m/s | 480 mm or 220 mm at 60° at all ranges[84] | DM12 fitted with a fragmentation sleeve. Produced under licence by the US as M830 with exception of the fuze and the explosive. Produced under licence by Japan as JM12A1. | |||
OCC 120 G1 | France | Nexter Munitions | 1981 | 28.5 kg | 14.2 kg | 5.7 kg of B19T | 1050 or 1080 m/s | Defeat the Triple heavy NATO target | significant anti-personnel effects | |||
M830 HEAT-MP-T | USA | General Dynamics | 1985 | 981 mm | 24.2 kg | 13.5 kg | 1.662 kg of Comp-B | M764 | 5.4 or 5.5 kg of DIGL-RP (Double-base) | 1140 m/s | not in produce. technology transfer from the German DM12A1 except for the M764 fuze, double safety, and propellant containment bag.[85] | |
M325 HEAT-MP-T | Israel | Elbit Systems | late 1980s | 984 mm[30] | 25 kg[30] | 15 kg | 1.8 kg of Comp-B[30] | PIBD (electric)[30] | 5.6 kg of M26 (Double-base) or M30 (Triple-base)[30] | 1078 m/s (L/44)[30] | 1st generation Israeli HEAT-MP-T and qualified in Leopard 2, Ariete, K1A1/A2, M60A3 and other MBTs.[30] Also known as CL-3105 on the export market. | |
OECC 120 F1 | France | Nexter Munitions | early 1990s | 983 mm | 24.3 kg | 14.4 kg | Comp-B | Single-base | 1100 m/s | 450 mm[51] Defeat the Single heavy and Triple heavy NATO targets[86] | improved anti-personnel effects over the OCC 120 G1 | |
M830A1 HEAT-MP-T (a.k.a. MPAT) | USA | Alliant Techsystems (ATK) | 1994 | 981 mm | 24.68 kg | 11.4 kg | Comp-B | M774 | 7.1 kg of 19 Perf JA-2 (Double-base) | 1410 m/s | 20% performance increase against bunkers and a 30% performance increase against light armored vehicles.[87] | 80 mm sub-caliber warhead fitted with a multifunction fuzing system with airburst capability[87] |
K277 HEAT-MP-T | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 1996 | 989 mm | 24.5 kg | 14.31 kg | Comp-B | M509A2 | K682 (Triple-base) | 1130 m/s (L/44) | 600 mm[47] | 1st generation South Korean HEAT-MP-T developed for K1A1 |
K280 HEAT-MP-T | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 2008 | 998 mm | 23 kg | 11.38 kg | 2.1 kg of Comp-B | K595 | K684 (Double-base) | 1400 m/s (L/55) | It is a 2nd generation South Korean HEAT-MP-T developed for K2 Black Panther and has a built-in radio proximity fuze that explodes within 7 meters to counter low-flying aircraft such as helicopters.[88] | |
MOD 310 HEAT-MP-T | Turkey | MKE | 2018 | 984 mm[89] | 25 kg[89] | 1.76 kg of Comp-B[89] | CEP-2 (Double-base)[89] | 925 m/s[89] | 400 mm at 34° at 200 m[89] | Modified based on Israeli M325 HEAT-MP-T but fitted with a new multi-function fuze and filled with CEP-2 propellant for the low vulnerability ammunition developed by IMI Systems.[89][90] |
High Explosive (HE)
[edit]Designation | Origin | Designer & producer | Year | Cartridge length (mm) | Weight, complete round (kg) | Projectile weight (kg) | Propellant type & weight | Muzzle velocity | Explosive filling (kg) | Fuzing | Effects | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slsgr 95 [31] | Sweden | 1995 | 977 mm | 25 kg | 17.5 kg | 3.4 kg M-30 | 736 m/s | 2.7 kg
Composition B |
ÖFHKSAR M/95 | Rebuilt 120 mm mortar round | ||
M908 HE-OR-T | USA | General Dynamics-OTS | 2003 | 983 mm | 22.7 kg | 11.4 kg | 7.1 kg 19 Perf Hex JA-2 (Double-base) | 1400 m/s | 3.2 kg[91] Composition A3 Type II[92] | Base detonating, delay fuze | did as well as, if not better than, the 15.8 kg 165 mm HEP warhead at reducing obstacles[93] | Converted M830A1 HEAT-MP-T with a steel nosecone and a delay fuze, used to destroy concrete obstacles. |
IM HE-T | Norway | Nammo | 26.7 kg | 15.9 kg | 1030 m/s | 3.2 kg IM (Insensitive Munition) explosive | Dual-mode: Superquick and delay[94] | Produced under license by GD-OTS Canada[95] | ||||
OE 120 F1 | France | Nexter | 2005 | 25.5 kg | 15.5 kg | 1050 m/s | PD fuze | |||||
DM11 HE temp | Germany | Rheinmetall | 2009 | 29 kg | 19 kg | 5.5 kg | 950 m/s (L/44) or 1100 m/s (L/55) | 2.17 kg HE with 600 tungsten balls[96] | 3 modes: PD, PDwD and AB | 80 m cone-shaped fragmentation pattern | In service with the US Marine Corps under the Mk. 324 designation[97] | |
120 EXPL F1 | France | Nexter | 2011 | 27 kg | 16.8 kg | 1000 m/s | 3 kg HE-frag | programmable | ||||
M339 HE-MP-T | Israel | Elbit Systems | 984 mm[30] | 27 kg[30] | 17 kg[30] | 4.5 kg of NC-NG (Double-base)[30] | 900 m/s (L/44)[30] | 2.3 kg of CLX663[30] | 3 modes: PDD, PD and AB[30] | capable of penetrating 200 mm double reinforced concrete walls[30] | ||
RH31 HE SQ | Germany | Rheinmetall | 2012 | impact function with or without delay | low-cost variant of the DM11, the cartridge can be fired with no need for modifying existing systems.[98] | |||||||
Pz-511 | Poland | 2015 | 28.65 kg[99] | 19 kg | 5.7 kg | 950 m/s | 2.3 kg of TNT | |||||
120 mm HE M3M | France | Nexter | 2016 | 945 mm | 28 kg | 18 kg | 1050 m/s | LOVA (Double-base) | 3 modes: SQ, AB and delay[100] | |||
MOD 300 HE-T | Turkey | MKE | 2018 | 984 mm[101] | 27.5 kg[101] | CEP-2 (Double-base)[101] | 870 m/s (L/44)[101] | 4.24 kg of TNT[101] | MOD 305[101] | Modified based on Israeli M339 HE-MP-T | ||
M1147 AMP | USA | Northrop Grumman | still in development | approx. 2.3 kg of PAX-3[102] with embedded tungsten fragments |
Close Combat
[edit]Designation | Type | Origin | Designer & producer | Year | Cartridge length (mm) | Weight, complete round (kg) | Projectile weight (kg) | Propellant type & weight | Muzzle velocity | Filling | Fuzing | Effects | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M1028 | canister | USA | General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems | 22.9 kg | 15.9 kg | 1410 m/s | 1100 tungsten balls | no | 500 m effective range | Produced under license by Nexter as OEFC 120 F1 and Nammo as 120 mm IM Canister. | |||
M337 STUN | less-than-lethal ammunition | Israel | Elbit Systems | 814 mm[30] | 13.5 kg[30] | 3.5 kg[30] | 6 kg of M30 (Triple-base)[30] | plastic flakes[30] | no | creates a flash, bang and blast effect and also disperses plastic flakes in the vicinity of the tank[30] |
Guided munition
[edit]Designation | Type | Guidance | Origin | Designer & producer | Year | Weight, complete round (kg) | Weight (kg) | Warhead | Muzzle velocity | Cruise speed | Maximum range | Effects | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LAHAT | GLATGM | semi-active laser-guided | Israel | IAI | 1992-1999 | 16 kg | 13 kg | tandem HEAT | 300 m/s | 280 m/s | 6000 m (8000 m in indirect fire) | not in service | |
XM943 STAFF | beyond line of sight, top-attack smart munition | inertial + millimeter wave radar | USA | Alliant Techsystems | 1990-1998 | downward-firing EFP | program was terminated in FY 98 with final close-out in FY00 | ||||||
POLYNEGE | beyond line of sight, top-attack smart munition | Fire-and-forget | France | Nexter Systems | early 2000s | 28 kg | 20 kg | hollow charge / downward-firing EFP | 600 to 700 m/s | up to 8000 m | not in service | ||
KSTAM-I | beyond line of sight, top-attack smart munition | Terminal guidance | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 2004 | tandem HEAT | 750 m/s | from 2500 m to 5000 m | not in service | ||||
KSTAM-II | beyond line of sight, top-attack smart munition | Fire-and-forget | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 2005 | 21.5 kg | 9.03 kg | downward-firing EFP | from 2000 m to 8000 m | Developed for the K2 Black Panther's CN08 120 mm gun | |||
Falarick | GLATGM | semi-automatic by laser beam | Belgium and Ukraine | CMI Defence and Luch | 2013 | 28 kg | tandem HEAT | 300 m/s | beyond 5000 m | 700 mm RHA behind ERA | spin-off version of the Konus GLATGM, proposed on the export market | ||
TANOK | beyond line of sight, smart munition | semi-active laser seeker | Turkey | Roketsan | 2019 (design)[103] | 11 kg | tandem HEAT | from 1000 m to 6000 m | It features two attack modes : direct and top attack. Use a "soft launch" engine. |
Target Practice Tracer (TP-T)
[edit]Notes on notation:
- Table includes information on ballistically-matched combat ammunition for each practice round if possible.
- TP-T stands for target practice, tracer. Some nations add a parenthetical to indicate the class of ammunition being emulated, e.g. TP-T (HEAT).
- TPCSDS-T stands for target practice, cone stabilized, discarding sabot, with tracer. It is commonly used to match the ballistics of an APFSDS round.
Designation | Type | Origin | Designer & producer | Year | Weight, complete round (kg) | Length, complete round (mm) | Propellant type & weight | Muzzle velocity | Filler type & weight | Fuzing | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M831 | TP-T | USA | ? | early 1980s | 24.2 kg | 5.4 or 5.5 kg of DIGL-RP | 1140 m/s | Surrogate for M830. Virtually identical to DM18, the practice round for DM12A1. Fin-stabilized. | |||
M831A1 | TP-T | USA | ? | 1990s | ? | M14 | 1410 m/s | Surrogate for M830A1 HEAT-MP-T. Cheaper than M831 thanks to the removal of fins.[104] | |||
DM38 | TPCSDS-T | Germany | Rheinmetall | before M865 (2002) | 1690 m/s | not in produce | |||||
M865 | TPCSDS-T | USA | General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems | 2002 | 17.2 kg | 881 mm | M14 | 1700 m/s | Projectiles with aluminum sabot | Surrogate for M829 APFSDS-T. | |
K282 | TP-T (HEAT) | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 2004 | 24.5 kg | 989 mm | K682 (Triple-base) | 1130 m/s (L/44) | K611 (Electric) | Surrogate for K277 HEAT-MP-T. | |
K287 | ARTP-T (HEAT) | South Korea | Poongsan Corporation | 2013 | 22.9 kg | 980 mm | KM30 (Double-base) | 1130 m/s (L/44) | Fe powder sintered | K604 (Electric) | Surrogate for K277 HEAT-MP-T. Anti-ricochet practice round developed to minimize accidental damage caused by the ricochet. In service in Poland. |
DM48 | TPCSDS-T | Germany | Rheinmetall | 17.5 kg | not in produce | ||||||
DM88 | TPCSDS-T | Germany | Rheinmetall | 21 kg | 1720 m/s (L/44) 1790 m/s (L/55) |
||||||
DM98 | TP-T (HE) | Germany | Rheinmetall | 21 kg | 1140 m/s (L/44) 1185 m/s (L/55) |
||||||
M324 | TPCSDS-T | Israel | Elbit Systems | 18.3 kg[30] | 925 mm[30] | 7.8 kg of NC-NG (Double-base)[30] | 1730 m/s (L/44)[30] | Steel[30] | M45112 (Electric) | Surrogate for "typical" APDSFS projectiles (not specifically given).[105] Produced under licence by Turkey as MOD 291[106] | |
M326 | TP-T (HEAT) | Israel | Elbit Systems | 25 kg[30] | 984 mm[30] | 5.6 kg of M26 (double-base) or M30 (triple-base)[30] | 1078 m/s (L/44)[30] | Inert[30] | Surrogate for M325 HEAT-MP-T.[30] | ||
M340 | TP-T (HE-MP) | Israel | Elbit Systems | 27 kg[30] | 984 mm[30] | 4.5 kg of NC-NG (Double-base)[30] | 900 m/s (L/44)[30] | Inert[30] | Surrogate for M339 HE-MP-T.[30] | ||
M303 | TP-T "Affordable" | Israel | Elbit Systems | 22 kg[105] | 984 mm[105] | 5.6 kg of NC-NG (Double-base)[105] | 1150 m/s (L/44)[105] | Inert[105] | Low cost round without a specified match.[105] | ||
120 mm IM TP-T | TP-T | Norway | Nammo | 26.7 kg | 1030 m/s | Surrogate for Nammo IM HE-T. Inert fuse settable in delay or superquick mode. Qualified in Leopard 2 and M1. The round is in service in several countries. | |||||
120 mm KE-TP | KE-TP | Norway | Nammo | 18.3 kg | 1700 m/s | Surrogate for a "typical" APFSDS. Qualified in Leopard 2 and M1. The round is in service in several countries. | |||||
PZ-521 | HE-TP | Poland | Mesko | 19 kg | 980 mm | L-2 | 950 m/s | 488 g of gunpowder | C-88 | Qualified in Leopard 2. The round is in service in Poland. Self-detonation after 4–5 km.[107] | |
PZ-541 | APFSDS-T-TP | Poland | Mesko | 4.8 kg | 980 mm | 1715 m/s | Qualified in Leopard 2. The round is in service in Poland. 1.9 kg penetrator with a diameter of ⌀68mm[108] | ||||
MOD 292 | TP-T (HEAT) | Turkey | MKE | 22 kg (L/44) 22.2 kg (L/55)[109] |
933.5 mm[109] | NC-NG (Double-base)[109] | High pressure practice round developed based on Israeli M322 (MOD 290) APFSDS-T.[109] | ||||
MOD 301 | TP-T (HE) | Turkey | MKE | 27.5 kg[110] | 984 mm[110] | CEP-2 (Double-base)[110] | 870 m/s[110] | 4.2 kg of sorel cement[110] | MOD 305[110] | Practice HE round modified based on MOD 300 HE-T.[110] |
Weapon platforms
[edit]- Rh-120 L44 ( Germany), used on the Leopard 2 and Type 90 MBTs
- Rh-120 L55 ( Germany), used on later Leopard 2 variants including the Leopard 2E
- Rh-120 L55A1 ( Germany), foreseen for the Challenger 3
- M256 ( United States), used on the M1 Abrams and M60-2000
- M256E1 ( United States)
- XM360 ( United States)
- XM360E1 ( United States)
- CN120-25 ( France), used on the AMX-32, AMX-40, and EE-T1 Osório
- CN120-26 ( France), used on the Leclerc
- 120 FER ( France), tested on the VEXTRA POLE prototype
- MG251 ( Israel), used on the Merkava III
- MG251-LR ( Israel) used on the Merkava IV
- MG253 ( Israel) used on the M60 Sabra
- OTO Melara-Breda 120/44 ( Italy), used on the C1 Ariete
- OTO Melara-Breda 120/45 ( Italy), used on the B2 Centauro
- CTG ( Switzerland), used on the CV90120 and WPB Anders
- CN03 ( South Korea), used on the K1A2
- CN08 ( South Korea), used on the K2 Black Panther
- MKE 120 mm tank gun ( Turkey), used on the Altay (main battle tank)
- Type 10 ( Japan), used on the Type 10
See also
[edit]- 105×617mm tank gun ammunition
- 125 mm smoothbore ammunition used by Russia, China and Eastern Bloc
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Hunnicutt, R.P. (February 1991). Abrams: A History of the American Main Battle Tank. Presidio Press. p. 320. ISBN 978-0891413882.
- ^ "NATO - STANAG 4385 120mm x 570 Ammunition for Smooth Bore Tank Guns". standards.globalspec.com. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2020.
- ^ Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1 April 1991). Technology of Tanks (Jane's Information Group ed.). London. p. 76. ISBN 978-0710605955.
{{cite book}}
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- ^ Foss, Christopher (June 1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. Jane's Information Group. p. 90. ISBN 978-0710610799.
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- ^ Department of the Army, Technical Bulletin (1986). TB 9-2350-320-14 Operator/Maintenance Information on Cartridge 120mm M829, M830, M831, and M865. Archived from the original on 13 September 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
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- ^ a b Foss, Christopher (June 1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. Jane's Information Group. p. 73. ISBN 978-0710610799.
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- ^ a b Foss, Christopher (June 1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. Jane's Information Group. p. 148. ISBN 978-0710610799.
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