Aqsaqal: Difference between revisions
Ibsensgirl (talk | contribs) Added a paragraph about the development of aqsaqal courts |
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{{Short description|Elderly men in the Turkish society}} |
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[[Image:Khinalugian Suleyman 2007.jpg|right|200px|thumb|An |
[[Image:Khinalugian Suleyman 2007.jpg|right|200px|thumb|An ''aqsaqal'' from [[Khinalug]]]] |
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'''Aqsaqal''' (or ''aksakal'') in [[Turkic Languages|Turki]] literally means "white beard" that refers to the old and wise of the community. In earlier times, Aqsaqal played great role in the [[politics]] of the different [[tribe]]s as [[advisor]]s and [[judge]]s. For instance, there are [[Aksakals' Court]]s in [[Kyrgyzstan]]. In Uzbekistan, which has traditionally been a more urban society (the Uzbeks being 'sarts' or town-dwellers, as opposed to nomadic Turks), cities are divided up into mahallas. Each mahalla has an aqsaqal who acts as the district leader. Today, the aqsaqals have been employed by the government of Islam Karimov to act as informants for anyone who might be in opposition to the Karimov regime. |
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{{Wiktionary}} |
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'''Aqsaqal''' or '''aksakal''' (literally meaning "white beard" in [[Kipchak languages]]) metaphorically refers to the male elders, the old and wise of the community in parts of [[Central Asia]], the [[Caucasus]] and [[Bashkortostan]]. Traditionally, an aqsaqal was the leader of a village or [[aul]] until the Soviet times.<ref>[http://www.bookrags.com/research/kishlak-ema-03/ "Kishlak"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612014254/http://www.bookrags.com/research/kishlak-ema-03/ |date=2012-06-12 }}, ''Encyclopedia of Central Asia''</ref> Acting as advisors or judges, these elders have or had a role in politics and the justice system in countries and tribes. For instance, there are ''aksakal'' courts in [[Kyrgyzstan]]. In [[Uzbekistan]], which has traditionally been a more urban society (the Uzbeks being ''sarts'' or town-dwellers, as opposed to [[Yörüks]]), cities are divided up into ''mahallas''. Each ''mahalla'' has an ''aqsaqal'' who acts as the district leader. |
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In 1995, President Askar |
In 1995, then-[[President of Kyrgyzstan]] [[Askar Akayev]] announced a decree to revitalize the ''aqsaqal'' courts. The courts would have jurisdiction over property, torts and family law.<ref name="JBeyer">Judith Beyer, Kyrgyz Aksakal Courts: Pluralistic Accounts of History, 53 J. OF L. PLURALISM 144 (2006)</ref> The ''aqsaqal'' courts were eventually included under Article 92 of the Kyrgyz constitution. As of 2006, there were approximately 1,000 ''aqsaqal'' courts throughout Kyrgyzstan, including in the capital of [[Bishkek]].<ref name="JBeyer" /> Akaev linked the development of these courts to the rekindling of Kyrgyz national identity. In a 2005 speech, he connected the courts back to the country's nomadic past and extolled how the courts expressed the Kyrgyz ability of self-governance.<ref>Former President Akaev, quoted in Beyer, ''Kyrgyz Aksakal Courts''</ref> |
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==See also== |
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{{reflist}} |
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*[[Customary law]] |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{CAsia-hist-stub}} |
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{{Kyrgyzstan-stub}} |
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{{Uzbekistan-stub}} |
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{{culture-stub}} |
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[[es:Aksakal]] |
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[[Category:Culture of Kyrgyzstan]] |
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[[nl:Aksakal]] |
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[[Category:Culture of Uzbekistan]] |
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[[ru:Аксакал]] |
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[[Category:Culture of Kazakhstan]] |
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[[uk:Аксакал]] |
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[[Category:Customary legal systems]] |
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[[category:Turkic culture]] |
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[[Category:Kazakhstani culture]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:39, 16 December 2024
Aqsaqal or aksakal (literally meaning "white beard" in Kipchak languages) metaphorically refers to the male elders, the old and wise of the community in parts of Central Asia, the Caucasus and Bashkortostan. Traditionally, an aqsaqal was the leader of a village or aul until the Soviet times.[1] Acting as advisors or judges, these elders have or had a role in politics and the justice system in countries and tribes. For instance, there are aksakal courts in Kyrgyzstan. In Uzbekistan, which has traditionally been a more urban society (the Uzbeks being sarts or town-dwellers, as opposed to Yörüks), cities are divided up into mahallas. Each mahalla has an aqsaqal who acts as the district leader.
Redevelopment of the aqsaqal courts in Kyrgyzstan
[edit]In 1995, then-President of Kyrgyzstan Askar Akayev announced a decree to revitalize the aqsaqal courts. The courts would have jurisdiction over property, torts and family law.[2] The aqsaqal courts were eventually included under Article 92 of the Kyrgyz constitution. As of 2006, there were approximately 1,000 aqsaqal courts throughout Kyrgyzstan, including in the capital of Bishkek.[2] Akaev linked the development of these courts to the rekindling of Kyrgyz national identity. In a 2005 speech, he connected the courts back to the country's nomadic past and extolled how the courts expressed the Kyrgyz ability of self-governance.[3]