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Coordinates: 34°30′N 71°20′E / 34.500°N 71.333°E / 34.500; 71.333
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{{more citations needed|date=July 2015}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name = Mohmand District
| native_name = {{lang|ur|{{nq|ضلع مہمند}}}}<br>{{lang|ps|{{script/Arabic|مومندو ولسوالۍ}}}}
| name = Mohmand District
| native_name = مومند<!-- if different from the English name -->
| native_name_lang = ps<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "ur" for Urdu. -->
| other_name = Mohmand Agency<Br>{{lang|ur|{{nq|مہمند ایجنسی}}}}<br>{{lang|ps|{{script/Arabic|مومندو ایجنسئ}}}}
| native_name_lang = ps<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "ur" for Urdu. -->
| settlement_type = District<!-- such as Town, Village, City, Borough etc. -->
| settlement_type = [[List of districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|District]] of [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
<!-- images --->
<!-- images --->| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| size = 250
| image_skyline = Mohmand Agency Picture.JPG
| photo1a = Mohmand Agency Nahqi picture.JPG
| imagesize =
| photo2a = Koh e suleman from kabul river.jpg
| image_alt =
}}
| image_caption =
| imagesize =
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map = Mohmand District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.png
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Top: Nahqi Valley<br>Bottom: [[Sulaiman Mountains|Koh-e-Suleman]] from [[Kabul River]] in Shah Baig Qilla
| map_alt =
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>| image_map = {{wikidata|property|raw|P242}}
| map_caption = map of Mohmand District
| coordinate =
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Mohmand District (red) in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
<!-- location ------------------>
| coordinates = <!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Pakistan<!-- the name of the country -->
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Pakistan}}<!-- the name of the country -->
|subdivision_type1 = [[Subdivisions of Pakistan|Province]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Subdivisions of Pakistan|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Khyber Pakhtunkhwa}}
<!-- established --------------->
| subdivision_type2 = [[Divisions of Pakistan|Division]]
| established_title = Established
| subdivision_name2 = [[Peshawar Division|Peshawar]]
| established_date = 1951 (as an [[Agency (country subdivision)|agency]] of [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]])
<!-- established --------------->| established_title = Established
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
| established_date = 1951 (as an [[Agency (country subdivision)|agency]] of [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]])
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Ghalanai]]
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->| seat_type = Headquarters
| parts_type = Number of [[Tehsil]]s
| seat = [[Ghalanai]]
| parts_type = Number of [[List of tehsils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = 7
| parts_style = para
| p2 = <!-- etc., up to p50: for separate parts to be listed-->
| p1 = 7
| p2 = <!-- etc., up to p50: for separate parts to be listed-->
<!-- government type, leaders -->
<!-- government type, leaders -->| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| government_type = District Administration
| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| government_type =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Deputy Commissioner| leader_name = Mr. Ghulam Habib
| leader_title = [[Deputy Commissioner (Pakistan)|Deputy Commissioner]]
| leader_name = Mr. Arifullah Awan [[Pakistan Administrative Service|(BPS-18 PAS)]]
| leader_title1 = District Police Officer
| leader_name1 = Muhammad Ayyaz [[Police Service of Pakistan|(BPS-18 PSP)]]
| leader_title2 = District Health Officer
| leader_name2 = N/A
<!-- area ---------------------->
<!-- area ---------------------->| area_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2 = 2,296
| area_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- elevation ----------------->| elevation_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2 = 2,296
| elevation_m =
<!-- elevation ----------------->
| elevation_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_m =
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m =
| elevation_max_m =
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m =
| elevation_min_m = <!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2023 census"/>
<!-- population ---------------->
| population_total = 553933
| population_footnotes = <ref name="census">{{cite web|url=http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/bwpsr/fata/MOHMAND%20AGENCY_SUMMARY.pdf|title=DISTRICT AND TEHSIL LEVEL POPULATION SUMMARY WITH REGION BREAKUP [PDF]|publisher=www.pbscensus.gov.pk|date=2018-01-03|access-date=2018-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326141557/http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/bwpsr/fata/MOHMAND%20AGENCY_SUMMARY.pdf|archive-date=2018-03-26|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2023
| population_total = 466,984
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_as_of = 2017
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->| population_urban = 0
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rural = 553,933
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone1 = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]]
| timezone1 = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5
| utc_offset1 = +5
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
<!-- postal codes, area code --->| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code =
| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code =
| iso_code = <!-- twin cities --------------->
| blank_name_sec1 = Main language(s)
| iso_code =
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Pashto language|Pashto]]<ref name="2023 census"/>
<!-- twin cities --------------->
<!-- website, footnotes -------->| website = {{URL|mohmand.kp.gov.pk}}
| blank_name_sec1 = Main language(s)
| footnotes =
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Pashto language|Pashto]] (99.8%)<ref>{{Cite book| title = 1998 Census report of Mohmand Agency| location = Islamabad| publisher = Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan| series = Census publication | volume = 139| date = 2001| page = 20}}</ref>
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Mohmand District''' ({{lang-ps|مومندو ولسوالۍ}}, {{lang-ur|ضِلع مہمند}}) is a [[Districts of Pakistan|district]] in [[Peshawar Division]] of [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] province in [[Pakistan]]. Until 2018, it was an [[Agency (country subdivision)|agency]] of [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]], with merger of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it became a district. It was created as an agency in 1951. Mohmand is bordered by [[Bajaur District]] to the north, [[Khyber District]] to the south, Malakand and Charsadda districts to the east and Peshawar district to the south east.


'''Mohmand District''' ({{langx|ps|مومندو ولسوالۍ}}, {{langx|ur|{{nq|ضلع مہمند}}}}) is a district in [[Peshawar Division]] of [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] province in [[Pakistan]]. Until 2018, it was an [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas#Administrative divisions|agency]] of [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]], with merger of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it became a district. It was created as an agency in 1951. Mohmand is bordered by [[Bajaur District]] to the north, [[Khyber District]] to the south, [[Malakand District|Malakand]] and [[Charsadda District, Pakistan|Charsadda]] districts to the east and [[Peshawar District|Peshawar district]] to the southeast.
Mr. Ghulam Habib is the current Deputy Commissioner of Mohmand Tribal District.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-11924584|title=Pakistan suicide bomb attack kills dozens|newspaper=[[BBC News]]|location=London, UK|date=2010-12-06}}</ref>

Mr. Arif Ullah Awan ([[Pakistan Administrative Service|PAS]]) is the current Deputy Commissioner of Mohmand District.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-11924584|title=Pakistan suicide bomb attack kills dozens|newspaper=[[BBC News]]|location=London, UK|date=2010-12-06}}</ref>


== Administration ==
== Administration ==
Mohmand District is currently subdivided into seven [[List of tehsils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Tehsils]]:<ref name="census">{{cite web|url=http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/bwpsr/fata/MOHMAND%20AGENCY_SUMMARY.pdf|title=DISTRICT AND TEHSIL LEVEL POPULATION SUMMARY WITH REGION BREAKUP [PDF]|publisher=www.pbscensus.gov.pk|date=2018-01-03|access-date=2018-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326141557/http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/bwpsr/fata/MOHMAND%20AGENCY_SUMMARY.pdf|archive-date=2018-03-26|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Mohmand District is currently subdivided into seven tehsils:<ref name="census" />


* [[Ambar Utmankhel Tehsil]] ({{langx|ur|{{nq|تحصیل امبر اتمان خیل}}}})({{langx|ps|{{script/Arabic|امبر اتمان خېل تحصیل}}}})
* [[Ambar Utman Khel Tehsil]]
* [[Halim Zai Tehsil]] ({{langx|ur|{{nq|تحصیل حلیم زئی}}}})({{langx|ps|{{script/Arabic|حلیمزي تحصیل}}}})
* [[Halim Zai Tehsil]]
* [[Pindiali Tehsil]] ({{langx|ur|{{nq|تحصیل پنڈیالی}}}})({{langx|ps|{{script/Arabic|پنډیالي تحصیل}}}})
* [[Pindiali Tehsil]]
* [[Prang Ghar Tehsil]] ({{langx|ur|{{nq|تحصیل پڑانگ غار}}}})({{langx|ps|{{script/Arabic|پړانګ غار تحصیل}}}})
* [[Pran Ghar Tehsil]]
* [[Safi Tehsil]] ({{langx|ur|{{nq|تحصیل صافی}}}})({{langx|ps|{{script/Arabic|صافي تحصیل}}}})
* [[Safi Tehsil]]
* [[Upper Mohmand Tehsil]] ({{langx|ur|{{nq|تحصیل مہمند بالا}}}})({{langx|ps|{{script/Arabic|پورتنۍ مومندو تحصیل}}}})
* [[Upper Mohmand Tehsil]]
* [[Yake Ghund Tehsil]] ({{langx|ur|{{nq|تحصیل یکہ غنڈ}}}})({{langx|ps|{{script/Arabic|یکه غنډ تحصیل}}}})
* [[Yake Ghund Tehsil|Ekka Ghund Tehsil]]


== Population ==
=== Provincial Assembly ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
The current population of Mohmand District is 466,984 as per the report,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170829164748/http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/DISTRICT_WISE_CENSUS_RESULTS_CENSUS_2017.pdf]</ref> with an annual growth rate of 1.77. The population was 334,453 as per the 1998 Census.
|-
! Member of Provincial Assembly !! Party Affiliation !! Constituency !! Year

|-
| [[Mehboob Sher]]||[[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] ||[[PK-67 (Mohmand-I)|PK-67 Mohmand-I]]
| rowspan="2" |[[2024 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provincial election|2024]]

|-
| [[Nisar Mohmand]]||[[Awami National Party]] ||[[PK-64 (Mohmand-I)|PK-64 Mohmand-I]]
| rowspan="2" |[[2019 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provincial election|2019]]
|-
| [[Malik Abbas Rehman]]||[[Balochistan Awami Party ]]||[[PK-65 (Mohmand-II)|PK-65 Mohmand-II]]
|}

== Demographics==

{{Historical populations
|align=center
|percentages=pagr
|1951 |129,300
|1961 |294,215
|1972 |382,922
|1981 |163,933
|1998 |334,453
|2017 |474,345
|2023 |553,933
|footnote= Sources:<ref>{{cite web |title=Population by administrative units 1951-1998 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/1998/administrative_units.pdf |publisher = [[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref><ref name="2023 census"/>}}

As of the [[2023 Pakistani census|2023 census]], Mohmand district has 63,973 households and a population of 553,933. The district has a sex ratio of 103.24 males to 100 females and a literacy rate of 31.28%: 46.85% for males and 15.10% for females. 191,753 (34.62% of the surveyed population) are under 10 years of age. The entire population lives in rural areas.<ref name="2023 census">{{cite web|title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 1 |url= https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/kp/dcr/table_1.pdf |website=www.pbscensus.gov.pk|publisher=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref> 1,592 (0.29%) people in the district were from religious minorities, mainly Christians.<ref>{{Cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 9 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/kp/dcr/table_9.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref> [[Pashto]] was the predominant language, spoken by 99.80% of the population.<ref>{{cite web |title=7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 11 |url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/kp/dcr/table_11.pdf |website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]] }}</ref>


==War on Terror==
==War on Terror==
Despite its attraction for tourists, Mohmand District has been an area of conflict between Pakistan Army and some militant groups. In a recent exchange of fire between the two, the media reported that at least 18 militants were killed and 25 others were injured.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=The News Tribe|location=Bradford, UK|title=Forces Kill 18 militants in Mohmand District |url=http://www.thenewstribe.com/2011/04/14/forces-kill-18-militants-in-mohmand-agency/ |last=Fida|first=Noman|date=2011-04-14}}</ref>
Despite its attraction for tourists, Mohmand District has been an area of conflict between Pakistan Army and some militant groups.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=The News Tribe|location=Bradford, UK|title=Forces Kill 18 militants in Mohmand District |url=http://www.thenewstribe.com/2011/04/14/forces-kill-18-militants-in-mohmand-agency/ |last=Fida|first=Noman|date=2011-04-14}}</ref>


On September 16, 2011, security forces cleared ninety percent of Mohmand District from the militants, normal life was restored and development activities were launched.<ref>{{cite newspaper |newspaper=[[The Nation (Pakistan)|The Nation]]|location=Lahore, Pakistan|publisher=[[Nawa-i-Waqt]]|title=90% of Mohmand District cleared of militants; IDPs return home|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928144441/http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/Politics/16-Sep-2011/90-of-Mohmand-Agency-cleared-of-militants-IDPs-return-home|archive-date=2011-09-28 |url=http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/Politics/16-Sep-2011/90-of-Mohmand-District-cleared-of-militants-IDPs-return-home|date=2011-09-16|access-date=2018-04-09}}</ref> The Pakistan Army maintains an 8,200-man presence in Mohmand District following military operations to clear the region of militants.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hosain|first=Quatrina |title=‘Unprovoked’: DGMO gives details of aerial assault |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/299849/unprovoked-dgmo-gives-details-of-aerial-assault/|newspaper=[[The Express Tribune]]|location=Karachi, Pakistan|date=2011-11-30}}</ref>
On September 16, 2011, security forces cleared ninety percent of Mohmand District from the militants, normal life was restored and development activities were launched.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[The Nation (Pakistan)|The Nation]]|location=Lahore, Pakistan|publisher=[[Nawa-i-Waqt]]|title=90% of Mohmand District cleared of militants; IDPs return home|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928144441/http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/Politics/16-Sep-2011/90-of-Mohmand-Agency-cleared-of-militants-IDPs-return-home|archive-date=2011-09-28 |url=http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/Politics/16-Sep-2011/90-of-Mohmand-District-cleared-of-militants-IDPs-return-home|date=2011-09-16|access-date=2018-04-09}}</ref>


In 2012, the Pakistani Army declared full control of Mohmand District and de-notified it as a conflict zone.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|publisher=[[Pakistan Herald Publications]]|place=Karachi, Pakistan|title=South Waziristan operation: Only Sararogha cleared in three years |url=http://dawn.com/2012/08/06/south-waziristan-operation-only-sararogha-cleared-in-3-years/|last=Ali|first=Zulfiqar|date=2012-08-06}}</ref>
In 2012, the Pakistani Army declared full control of Mohmand District and de-notified it as a conflict zone and transferred its control to the [[Frontier Corps]].<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|publisher=[[Pakistan Herald Publications]]|place=Karachi, Pakistan|title=South Waziristan operation: Only Sararogha cleared in three years |url=http://dawn.com/2012/08/06/south-waziristan-operation-only-sararogha-cleared-in-3-years/|last=Ali|first=Zulfiqar|date=2012-08-06}}</ref> However, terrorists continue to pose threat to the peace by launching scattered terrorist attacks across from the [[Pakistan-Afghanistan border]].


==2020 Marble Mine Incident==
==2020 Marble Mine Incident==
{{main|Mohmand Marble Mine Incident}} In [[Safi Subdivision|Safi Tehsil]] a marble mine collapsed and have been killed at least 19 people and more than 20 people were also injured.
{{main|Mohmand Marble Mine Incident}} In [[Safi Subdivision|Safi Tehsil]] a marble mine collapsed and killed at least 19 people and more than 20 people were also injured.

== See also ==
*[[Elazay]]
* [[Mohmand Rifles]]


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 14:56, 16 December 2024

Mohmand District
ضلع مہمند
مومندو ولسوالۍ‎
Mohmand Agency
مہمند ایجنسی
مومندو ایجنسئ‎
District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Top: Nahqi Valley
Bottom: Koh-e-Suleman from Kabul River in Shah Baig Qilla
Mohmand District (red) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Mohmand District (red) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Country Pakistan
Province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
DivisionPeshawar
Established1951 (as an agency of Federally Administered Tribal Areas)
HeadquartersGhalanai
Number of Tehsils7
Government
 • TypeDistrict Administration
 • Deputy CommissionerMr. Arifullah Awan (BPS-18 PAS)
 • District Police OfficerMuhammad Ayyaz (BPS-18 PSP)
 • District Health OfficerN/A
Area
2,296 km2 (886 sq mi)
Population
 (2023)[1]
553,933
 • Density240/km2 (620/sq mi)
 • Urban
0
 • Rural
553,933
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
Main language(s)Pashto[1]
Websitemohmand.kp.gov.pk

Mohmand District (Pashto: مومندو ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع مہمند) is a district in Peshawar Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. Until 2018, it was an agency of Federally Administered Tribal Areas, with merger of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it became a district. It was created as an agency in 1951. Mohmand is bordered by Bajaur District to the north, Khyber District to the south, Malakand and Charsadda districts to the east and Peshawar district to the southeast.

Mr. Arif Ullah Awan (PAS) is the current Deputy Commissioner of Mohmand District.[2]

Administration

[edit]

Mohmand District is currently subdivided into seven Tehsils:[3]

Provincial Assembly

[edit]
Member of Provincial Assembly Party Affiliation Constituency Year
Mehboob Sher Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf PK-67 Mohmand-I 2024
Nisar Mohmand Awami National Party PK-64 Mohmand-I 2019
Malik Abbas Rehman Balochistan Awami Party PK-65 Mohmand-II

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1951 129,300—    
1961 294,215+8.57%
1972 382,922+2.42%
1981 163,933−9.00%
1998 334,453+4.28%
2017 474,345+1.86%
2023 553,933+2.62%
Sources:[4][1]

As of the 2023 census, Mohmand district has 63,973 households and a population of 553,933. The district has a sex ratio of 103.24 males to 100 females and a literacy rate of 31.28%: 46.85% for males and 15.10% for females. 191,753 (34.62% of the surveyed population) are under 10 years of age. The entire population lives in rural areas.[1] 1,592 (0.29%) people in the district were from religious minorities, mainly Christians.[5] Pashto was the predominant language, spoken by 99.80% of the population.[6]

War on Terror

[edit]

Despite its attraction for tourists, Mohmand District has been an area of conflict between Pakistan Army and some militant groups.[7]

On September 16, 2011, security forces cleared ninety percent of Mohmand District from the militants, normal life was restored and development activities were launched.[8]

In 2012, the Pakistani Army declared full control of Mohmand District and de-notified it as a conflict zone and transferred its control to the Frontier Corps.[9] However, terrorists continue to pose threat to the peace by launching scattered terrorist attacks across from the Pakistan-Afghanistan border.

2020 Marble Mine Incident

[edit]
Main article: Mohmand Marble Mine Incident

In Safi Tehsil a marble mine collapsed and killed at least 19 people and more than 20 people were also injured.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 1" (PDF). www.pbscensus.gov.pk. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  2. ^ "Pakistan suicide bomb attack kills dozens". BBC News. London, UK. 2010-12-06.
  3. ^ "DISTRICT AND TEHSIL LEVEL POPULATION SUMMARY WITH REGION BREAKUP [PDF]" (PDF). www.pbscensus.gov.pk. 2018-01-03. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-03-26. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  4. ^ "Population by administrative units 1951-1998" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  5. ^ "7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 9" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  6. ^ "7th Population and Housing Census - Detailed Results: Table 11" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics.
  7. ^ Fida, Noman (2011-04-14). "Forces Kill 18 militants in Mohmand District". The News Tribe. Bradford, UK.
  8. ^ "90% of Mohmand District cleared of militants; IDPs return home". The Nation. Lahore, Pakistan: Nawa-i-Waqt. 2011-09-16. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  9. ^ Ali, Zulfiqar (2012-08-06). "South Waziristan operation: Only Sararogha cleared in three years". Dawn. Karachi, Pakistan: Pakistan Herald Publications.

34°30′N 71°20′E / 34.500°N 71.333°E / 34.500; 71.333

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