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Coordinates: 2°12′00″S 79°58′00″W / 2.2°S 79.9667°W / -2.2; -79.9667
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{{Short description|Province of Ecuador}}
{{Other uses|Guayas (disambiguation)}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields that may be available-->
<!--See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields that may be available-->
<!--See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!--See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->| name = Guayas
|name = Guayas
| official_name = Province of Guayas
|official_name = Province of Guayas
| other_name =
| native_name = <!-- if different from the English name -->
|other_name =
| native_name_lang = <!-- Use ISO639 code, e.g. "fr" for French.
|native_name = <!-- if different from the English name -->
|native_name_lang = <!-- Use ISO639 code, e.g. "fr" for French.
If there is more than one native name, in different languages,
If there is more than one native name, in different languages,
enter those names using {{lang}}, instead -->
enter those names using {{lang}}, instead -->
|nickname =
| nickname =
|settlement_type = Province
| settlement_type = Province
|total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
|motto =
| motto = <!-- images and maps ----------->
| image_skyline = Hemiciclo de la Rotonda en Guayaquil.jpg
<!-- images and maps ----------->
| image_caption = [[Malecón 2000]]
|image_flag = Bandera de Guayaquil.svg
|flag_size =
| image_flag = Bandera de Guayaquil.svg
|image_seal =
| flag_size =
|seal_size =
| flag_link = Flag of Guayas
|image_shield = Escudo de Guayas.svg
| image_seal = Escudo de Guayas.png
|shield_size =
| seal_size =
|image_blank_emblem =
| image_shield =
|blank_emblem_type =
| shield_size =
| image_blank_emblem =
|blank_emblem_size =
| blank_emblem_type =
|image_map = Ecuador Guayas province.svg
| blank_emblem_size =
|mapsize =
|map_caption = Location of Guayas in Ecuador.
| image_map = Ecuador Guayas province.svg
|image_map1 = MapaSageo-Guayas-02.png
| mapsize =
|mapsize1 =
| map_caption = Location of Guayas in Ecuador.
|map_caption1 = Cantons of Guayas Province
| image_map1 = MapaSageo-Guayas-02.png
|image_dot_map =
| mapsize1 =
|dot_mapsize =
| map_caption1 = Cantons of Guayas Province
|dot_map_caption =
| image_dot_map =
| dot_mapsize =
|dot_x = |dot_y =
| dot_map_caption =
|coor_pinpoint = <!-- can be used to specify exactly where/what the coordinates refer to -->
|coordinates =
| dot_x =
| dot_y =
<!-- Location ------------------>
| coor_pinpoint = <!-- can be used to specify exactly where/what the coordinates refer to -->
|subdivision_type = Country
| coordinates = <!-- Location ------------------>
|subdivision_name = [[Ecuador]]
| subdivision_type = Country
<!-- Smaller parts (e.g. boroughs of a city) and seat of government -->
| subdivision_name = [[Ecuador]]
|seat_type = Capital
<!-- Smaller parts (e.g. boroughs of a city) and seat of government -->| seat_type = Capital
|seat = [[Guayaquil]]
|parts_type = Cantons
| seat = [[Guayaquil]]
|parts_style = coll
| parts_type = Cantons
|parts = List of Cantons
| parts_style = coll
|p1 =
| parts = [[Guayas Province#Political divisions|List of cantons]]
|p2 = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed-->
| p1 =
| p2 = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed-->
<!-- Politics ----------------->
<!-- Politics ----------------->| government_footnotes =
| government_type =
|government_footnotes =
| leader_party = [[File:Movimiento Revolución Ciudadana.png|link=Citizen Revolution Movement|20px]]
|government_type =
|leader_party =
| leader_title = Provincial Prefect
|leader_title = Provincial Prefect
| leader_name = [[Marcela Aguiñaga]]
| leader_title1 = Governor
|leader_name = [[Jimmy Jairala]]
| leader_name1 = Vicente Antonio Auad Cevasco
|established_title = Established
| established_title = Established
|established_date = 1820
| established_date = May 22, 1820
|founder =
|named_for =
| founder =
<!-- Area --------------------->
| named_for = <!-- Area --------------------->
|area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
|unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
|area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 15430.40
| area_total_km2 = 16244
|area_land_km2 = <!-- All values must be entered in a raw format: no commas, spaces, or unit symbols. -->
| area_land_km2 = <!-- All values must be entered in a raw format: no commas, spaces, or unit symbols. -->
<!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on unit conversion-->
<!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on unit conversion-->| area_water_km2 =
| area_total_sq_mi =
|area_water_km2 =
| area_land_sq_mi =
|area_total_sq_mi =
| area_water_sq_mi =
|area_land_sq_mi =
| area_water_percent =
|area_water_sq_mi =
| area_blank1_title =
|area_water_percent =
| area_blank1_km2 =
|area_blank1_title =
| area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Elevation -------------------------->
|area_blank1_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
|area_blank1_sq_mi =
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
<!-- Elevation -------------------------->
|elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
| elevation_m =
|elevation_max_footnotes= <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
| elevation_ft =
|elevation_min_footnotes= <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
| elevation_max_m =
|elevation_m =
| elevation_max_ft =
|elevation_ft =
| elevation_min_m =
|elevation_max_m =
| elevation_min_ft = <!-- Population ----------------------->
|elevation_max_ft =
| population_as_of = 2022 census
|elevation_min_m =
| population_footnotes = <ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/ecuador/admin/09__guayas/ Citypopulation.de] Population and area of Guayas Province</ref>
|elevation_min_ft =
| population_note =
<!-- Population ----------------------->
| population_total = 4391923
|population_as_of = 2010 census
| population_demonym = Guayan (or Guayaco)
|population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
|population_note =
| population_density_sq_mi =
|population_total = 3645483
| population_est =
|population_density_km2 = auto
| pop_est_as_of =
|population_density_sq_mi =
| population_blank1_title =
|population_est =
| population_blank1 =
|pop_est_as_of =
| population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_blank1_title=
| population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information --------------->
|population_blank1 =
| timezone1 = <!-- [[Ecuador Time|ECT]] in the mainland, [[Galápagos Time|GALT]] in the Galapagos -->
|population_density_blank1_km2 =
| utc_offset1 = <!-- -5 in the mainland, -6 in Galapagos -->
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2017)
<!-- General information --------------->
| blank_info_sec2 = 0.768<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://es.scribd.com/document/398970547/Indice-de-Desarrollo-Humano-en-Ecuador|title=Human Development Index in Ecuador|access-date=2019-02-05|last=Villalba|first=Juan|website=Scribd|language=es}}</ref><br/>{{color|#0c0|high}} · [[List of Ecuadorian provinces by Human Development Index|4th]]
|timezone1 = <!-- [[Ecuador Time|ECT]] in the mainland, [[Galápagos Time|GALT]] in the Galapagos -->
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|utc_offset1 = <!-- -5 in the mainland, -6 in Galapagos -->
| postal_code =
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
|postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal2_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|postal_code =
| postal2_code =
| area_code_type =
|postal2_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|postal2_code =
| area_code =
| registration_plate = G
|area_code_type =
|area_code =
| website = {{URL|http://www.guayas.gob.ec/}}
|registration_plate = G
|website = {{URL|http://www.guayas.gob.ec/}}
}}
}}
[[File:Palmas Santay.JPG|right|thumb|Palms on the [[Santay Island]].]]
[[File:Palmas Santay.JPG|right|thumb|Palms on the [[Santay Island]].]]


'''Guayas''' ({{IPA-es|ˈɡwa.ʝas}}) is a coastal [[Provinces of Ecuador|province]] in [[Ecuador]]. It is bordered to the west by [[Manabí Province|Manabí]], [[Santa Elena Province, Ecuador|Santa Elena]], and the [[Pacific Ocean]] (as the [[Gulf of Guayaquil]]); to the east by [[Los Ríos Province|Los Ríos]], [[Bolívar Province, Ecuador|Bolívar]], [[Chimborazo Province|Chimborazo]], [[Cañar Province|Cañar]], and [[Azuay Province|Azuay]]; to the north by [[Los Ríos Province|Los Ríos]] and [[Bolívar Province, Ecuador|Bolívar]]; and to the south by [[El Oro Province|El Oro]] and the [[Pacific Ocean]].
'''Guayas''' ({{IPA|es|ˈɡwa.ʝas|-|ES-pe - Guayas.ogg }}) is a coastal [[Provinces of Ecuador|province]] in [[Ecuador]]. It is bordered to the west by [[Manabí Province|Manabí]], [[Santa Elena Province, Ecuador|Santa Elena]], and the [[Pacific Ocean]] (as the [[Gulf of Guayaquil]]); to the east by [[Los Ríos Province|Los Ríos]], [[Bolívar Province, Ecuador|Bolívar]], [[Chimborazo Province|Chimborazo]], [[Cañar Province|Cañar]], and [[Azuay Province|Azuay]]; to the north by [[Los Ríos Province|Los Ríos]] and [[Bolívar Province, Ecuador|Bolívar]]; and to the south by [[El Oro Province|El Oro]] and the [[Pacific Ocean]].


With a population of over 3 million people, it is the most populous [[province]] in Ecuador. In terms of area it is the [[List of Ecuadorian provinces by area|seventh largest province in the country]]. The largest city of Ecuador, [[Guayaquil]], is located within the province.
With a population of over 4 million people, it is the most populous [[province]] in Ecuador. In terms of area it is the [[List of Ecuadorian provinces by area|seventh largest province in the country]]. The main port of Ecuador, [[Guayaquil]], is located within the province.


==Geography==
==Geography==
Guayas' natural terrain is very diverse. The province has no elevations, except for the [[Coastal Range (Ecuador)|Coastal Range]], which starts in Guayaquil and goes to [[Manabí Province|Manabí]]. The areas west of the Coastal Range are [[desert]]ic, with an average temperature of 23°C. The areas east of the range belong to the [[Guayas River|Guayas]] [[drainage basin|Watershed]]. They are quite [[humid]] and [[fertility (soil)|fertile]], especially in the north of the province, with an average temperature of 30°C in the humid [[season]] (December–May) and 25°C in the dry season (June–November).
Guayas' natural terrain is very diverse. The province has no elevations, except for the [[Coastal Range (Ecuador)|Coastal Range]], which starts in Guayaquil and goes to [[Manabí Province|Manabí]]. The areas west of the Coastal Range are [[desert]]ic, with an average temperature of 23&nbsp;°C. The areas east of the range belong to the [[Guayas River|Guayas]] [[drainage basin|Watershed]]. They are quite [[humid]] and [[fertility (soil)|fertile]], especially in the north of the province, with an average temperature of 30&nbsp;°C in the humid [[season]] (December–May) and 25&nbsp;°C in the dry season (June–November).


===Hydrography===
===Hydrography===
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Guayas has its own system for numbering [[roads]]. However, this system is unknown to most residents, so it is not regularly used.
Guayas has its own system for numbering [[roads]]. However, this system is unknown to most residents, so it is not regularly used.


The inter-provincial roads are also numbered with the national system. Even routes travel north-south; odd routes travel east-west. The inter-provincial roads that cross the province are the following:
The inter-provincial roads are also numbered with the national system. Even routes travel north–south; odd routes travel east–west. The inter-provincial roads that cross the province are the following:
*Ecuador Highway 15 (Vía del Pacífico; Pacific Way)
*[[Ecuador Highway 15]] (Vía del Pacífico; Pacific Way)
*Ecuador Highway 25 (Troncal de la Costa; Coastal Main Way)
*Ecuador Highway 25 (Troncal de la Costa; Coastal Main Way)
*Ecuador Highway 40 (Transversal Austral; Austral Crossing Way)
*Ecuador Highway 40 (Transversal Austral; Austral Crossing Way)


== History ==
== History ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2023}}
===Pre-Hispanic cultures===
===Pre-Hispanic cultures===
The native culture living in Guayas is the [[Huancavilca]] culture. Exactly before the European discovery of America, the Huancavilca Culture was living in the province. They are the ancestors of a large part of the population of the province.
The native culture living in Guayas is the [[Huancavilca]] culture. Exactly before the European discovery of America, the Huancavilca Culture was living in the province. Their descendants make up a large part of the population of the province.


===Spanish conquest and independence===
===Spanish conquest and independence===
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Guayas is the most populous province in the country. The estimated population of the province in 2003 was about 3,360,000 people. A large percentage of the [[population]] are ''[[mestizo]]s'', i.e. descendants of both [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|Spanish]] and [[Indigenous peoples in Ecuador|indigenous]] peoples, there are also big communities of people that descend from [[Italian people|Italians]], [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]] and [[Germans|German]] people.
Guayas is the most populous province in the country. The estimated population of the province in 2003 was about 3,360,000 people. A large percentage of the [[population]] are ''[[mestizo]]s'', i.e. descendants of both [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|Spanish]] and [[Indigenous peoples in Ecuador|indigenous]] peoples, there are also big communities of people that descend from [[Italian people|Italians]], [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]] and [[Germans|German]] people.


Ethnic groups as of the [[Ecuadorian census]] of 2010:<ref>[http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/resultados/]</ref>
Ethnic groups as of the [[Ecuadorian census]] of 2010:<ref>{{Cite web|last=Censos|first=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y|title=Resultados|url=https://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/resultados/|access-date=2021-07-03|website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos|language=es}}</ref>
*[[Mestizo]] 67.5%
*[[Mestizo]] 67.5%
*[[Montubio]] 11.3%
*[[Montubio]] 11.3%
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*[[Afro-Ecuadorian]] 9.7%
*[[Afro-Ecuadorian]] 9.7%
*[[Indigenous peoples of Ecuador|Indigenous]] 1.3%
*[[Indigenous peoples of Ecuador|Indigenous]] 1.3%
*Other 0.5%
*Other 0.5%


== Political divisions==
== Political divisions==
The province is divided into 25 [[canton (administrative division)|canton]]s. The following table lists each with its population at the time of the 2001 [[census]], its area in square kilometres (km²), and the name of the [[canton seat]] or [[capital (political)|capital]].<ref>[http://www.statoids.com/yec.html Cantons of Ecuador]. Statoids.com. Retrieved 4 November 2009.</ref>
The province is divided into 25 [[canton (administrative division)|canton]]s. The following table lists each with its population at the time of the 2010 [[census]], its area in square kilometres (km<sup>2</sup>), and the name of the [[canton seat]] or [[capital (political)|capital]].<ref>[http://www.statoids.com/yec.html Cantons of Ecuador]. Statoids.com. Retrieved 4 November 2009.</ref>


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Canton !! Pop. (2010)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Censos |first=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y |title=Población y Demografía |url=https://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/censo-de-poblacion-y-vivienda/ |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos |language=es}}</ref>!! Area (km<sup>2</sup>) !! Seat/Capital
! Canton !! Pop. (2001) !! Area (km²) !! Seat/Capital
|-
|-
| [[Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno Canton|Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno]] (Jujan) || align=right|19,982 || align=right|216 || [[Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno (town)|Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno]] (a.k.a. [[Jujan]])
| [[Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno Canton|Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno]] || align=right|25,179 || align="right" |216 || [[Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno (town)|Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno]] ([[Jujan]])
|-
|-
| [[Balao Canton|Balao]] || align=right|17,262 || align=right|465 || [[Balao]]
| [[Balao Canton|Balao]] || align=right|20,523 || align="right" |465 || [[Balao]]
|-
|-
| [[Balzar Canton|Balzar]] (San Jacinto de Balzar) || align=right|48,470 || align=right|1,173 || [[Balzar, Ecuador|Balzar]]
| [[Balzar Canton|Balzar]] || align=right|53,937 || align="right" |1,173 || [[Balzar, Ecuador|Balzar]]
|-
|-
| [[Colimes Canton|Colimes]] || align=right|21,049 || align=right|758 || [[Colimes]]
| [[Colimes Canton|Colimes]] || align=right|23,423 || align="right" |758 || [[Colimes]]
|-
|-
| [[Coronel Marcelino Maridueña Canton|Coronel Marcelino Maridueña]] || align=right|11,054 || align=right|255 || [[Coronel Marcelino Maridueña]]
| [[Coronel Marcelino Maridueña Canton|Coronel Marcelino Maridueña]] || align=right|12,033 || align="right" |255 || [[Coronel Marcelino Maridueña]]
|-
|-
| [[Daule Canton|Daule]] || align=right|85,148 || align=right|462 || [[Daule, Guayas|Daule]]
| [[Daule Canton|Daule]] || align=right|120,326 || align="right" |462 || [[Daule, Guayas|Daule]]
|-
|-
| [[Durán Canton|Durán]] || align=right|178,714 || align=right|339 || [[Durán, Ecuador|Durán]]
| [[Durán Canton|Durán]] || align=right|235,769 || align="right" |339 || [[Durán, Ecuador|Eloy Alfaro (Durán)]]
|-
|-
| [[El Empalme Canton|El Empalme]] || align=right|64,789 || align=right|711 || [[El Empalme, Ecuador|El Empalme]] (a.k.a. [[El Empalme, Ecuador|Velasco Ibarra]])
| [[El Empalme Canton|El Empalme]] || align=right|74,451 || align="right" |711 || [[El Empalme, Ecuador|Velasco Ibarra]] ([[El Empalme, Ecuador|El Empalme]])
|-
|-
| [[El Triunfo Canton|El Triunfo]] || align=right|34,117 || align=right|389 || [[El Triunfo, Ecuador|El Triunfo]]
| [[El Triunfo Canton|El Triunfo]] || align=right|44,778 || align="right" |389 || [[El Triunfo, Ecuador|El Triunfo]]
|-
|-
| [[General Antonio Elizalde Canton|General Antonio Elizalde]] (Bucay) || align=right|8,696 || align=right|152 || [[Bucay, Ecuador|General Antonio Elizalde]] (a.k.a. [[Bucay, Ecuador|Bucay]])
| [[General Antonio Elizalde Canton|General Antonio Elizalde]] || align=right|10,642 || align="right" |152 || [[Bucay, Ecuador|General Antonio Elizalde]] ([[Bucay, Ecuador|Bucay]])
|-
|-
| [[Guayaquil Canton|Guayaquil]] || align=right|2,039,789 || align=right|5,237 || [[Guayaquil]]
| [[Guayaquil Canton|Guayaquil]] || align=right|2,350,915 || align="right" |5,237 || [[Guayaquil]]
|-
|-
| [[Isidro Ayora Canton|Isidro Ayora]] || align=right|8,226 || align=right|492 || [[Isidro Ayora, Ecuador|Isidro Ayora]]
| [[Isidro Ayora Canton|Isidro Ayora]] || align=right|10,870 || align="right" |492 || [[Isidro Ayora, Ecuador|Isidro Ayora]]
|-
|-
| [[Lomas de Sargentillo Canton|Lomas de Sargentillo]] || align=right|14,194 || align=right|67 || [[Lomas de Sargentillo]]
| [[Lomas de Sargentillo Canton|Lomas de Sargentillo]] || align=right|18,413 || align="right" |67 || [[Lomas de Sargentillo]]
|-
|-
| [[Milagro Canton|Milagro]] || align=right|140,103 || align=right|401 || [[Milagro, Ecuador|Milagro]]
| [[Milagro Canton|Milagro]] || align=right|166,634 || align="right" |401 || [[Milagro, Ecuador|Milagro]]
|-
|-
| [[Naranjal Canton|Naranjal]] || align=right|53,482 || align=right|2,015 || [[Naranjal, Ecuador|Naranjal]]
| [[Naranjal Canton|Naranjal]] || align=right|69,012 || align="right" |2,015 || [[Naranjal, Ecuador|Naranjal]]
|-
|-
| [[Naranjito Canton|Naranjito]] || align=right|31,756 || align=right|226 || [[Naranjito, Ecuador|Naranjito]]
| [[Naranjito Canton|Naranjito]] || align=right|37,186 || align="right" |226 || [[Naranjito, Ecuador|Naranjito]]
|-
|-
| [[Nobol Canton|Nobol]] || align=right|14,753 || align=right|128 || [[Nobol]] (a.k.a. [[Narcisa de Jesús]])
| [[Nobol Canton|Nobol]] || align=right|19,600 || align="right" |128 || [[Nobol|Narcisa de Jesús]] ([[Nobol]])
|-
|-
| [[Palestina Canton|Palestina]] || align=right|14,067 || align=right|194 || [[Palestina, Ecuador|Palestina]]
| [[Palestina Canton|Palestina]] || align=right|16,065 || align="right" |194 || [[Palestina, Ecuador|Palestina]]
|-
|-
| [[Pedro Carbo Canton|Pedro Carbo]] || align=right|36,711 || align=right|927 || [[Pedro Carbo]]
| [[Pedro Carbo Canton|Pedro Carbo]] || align=right|43,436 || align="right" |927 || [[Pedro Carbo]]
|-
|-
| [[Playas Canton|Playas]] (General Villamil Playas) || align=right|30,045 || align=right|269 || [[Playas, Ecuador|Playas]] (a.k.a. [[General Villamil Playas]])
| [[Playas Canton|Playas]] || align=right|41,935 || align="right" |269 || [[Playas, Ecuador|General Villamil]] ([[Playas, Ecuador|Playas]])
|-
|-
| [[Salitre Canton|Salitre]] (was [[Urbina Jado]]) || align=right|50,379 || align=right|390 || [[El Salitre]]
| [[Salitre Canton|Salitre]] || align=right|57,402 || align="right" |390 || [[Salitre, Ecuador|Salitre]]
|-
|-
| [[Samborondón Canton|Samborondón]] || align=right|45,476 || align=right|388 || [[Samborondón]]
| [[Samborondón Canton|Samborondón]] || align=right|67,590 || align="right" |388 || [[Samborondón]]
|-
|-
| [[Santa Lucía Canton|Santa Lucía]] || align=right|33,868 || align=right|348 || [[Santa Lucía, Ecuador|Santa Lucía]]
| [[Santa Lucía Canton|Santa Lucía]] || align=right|38,923 || align="right" |348 || [[Santa Lucía, Ecuador|Santa Lucía]]
|-
|-
| [[Simón Bolívar Canton|Simón Bolívar]] || align=right|20,385 || align=right|289 || [[Simón Bolívar, Ecuador|Simón Bolívar]]
| [[Simón Bolívar Canton|Simón Bolívar]] || align=right|25,483 || align="right" |289 || [[Simón Bolívar, Ecuador|Simón Bolívar]]
|-
|-
| [[Yaguachi Canton|Yaguachi]] || align=right|47,630 || align=right|512 || [[Yaguachi]] (San Jacinto de Yaguachi)
| [[Yaguachi Canton|Yaguachi]] || align=right|60,958 || align="right" |512 || [[Yaguachi]]
|}
|}

==Surnames==
The most common surnames in Guayas Province and their frequencies as of 2014:<ref name="guayas-province2014">[https://forebears.io/ecuador/guayas-province Most common surnames in Guayas Province]</ref>
* 1. [[García (surname)|García]] (1:68)
* 2. [[Sánchez]] (1:69)
* 3. [[Rodríguez (surname)|Rodríguez]] (1:90)
* 4. [[López]] (1:92)
* 5. [[Vera (surname)|Vera]] (1:105)
* 6. [[Zambrano]] (1:116)
* 7. [[Castro (surname)|Castro]] (1:134)
* 8. [[Alvarado (surname)|Alvarado]] (1:140)
* 9. [[González]] (1:153)
* 10. [[Morán]] (1:154)


== See also ==
== See also ==
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== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
<references />


== External links ==
== External links ==
{{commons cat|Province of Guayas}}
{{Commons category|Guayas Province}}
* {{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Guayas |volume=12 |page=666 |short=1}}
* {{es icon}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20050403145218/http://www.guayas.gov.ec/ Gobierno Provincial del Guayas], official website
* {{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20050403145218/http://www.guayas.gov.ec/ Gobierno Provincial del Guayas], official website


{{Provinces of Ecuador}}
{{Provinces of Ecuador}}
{{Authority control}}


{{coord|2.2|S|79.9667|W|source:kolossus-eswiki|display=title}}
{{Coord|2.2|S|79.9667|W|source:kolossus-eswiki|display=title}}


[[Category:Guayas Province| ]]
[[Category:Guayas Province| ]]

Latest revision as of 04:16, 17 December 2024

Guayas
Province
Province of Guayas
Malecón 2000
Malecón 2000
Flag of Guayas
Flag
Official seal of Guayas
Seal
Location of Guayas in Ecuador.
Location of Guayas in Ecuador.
Cantons of Guayas Province
Cantons of Guayas Province
CountryEcuador
EstablishedMay 22, 1820
CapitalGuayaquil
CantonsList of cantons
Government
 • Provincial PrefectMarcela Aguiñaga ()
 • GovernorVicente Antonio Auad Cevasco
Area
 • Total
16,244 km2 (6,272 sq mi)
Population
 (2022 census)[1]
 • Total
4,391,923
 • Density270/km2 (700/sq mi)
DemonymGuayan (or Guayaco)
Vehicle registrationG
HDI (2017)0.768[2]
high · 4th
Websitewww.guayas.gob.ec
Palms on the Santay Island.

Guayas (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɡwa.ʝas] ⓘ) is a coastal province in Ecuador. It is bordered to the west by Manabí, Santa Elena, and the Pacific Ocean (as the Gulf of Guayaquil); to the east by Los Ríos, Bolívar, Chimborazo, Cañar, and Azuay; to the north by Los Ríos and Bolívar; and to the south by El Oro and the Pacific Ocean.

With a population of over 4 million people, it is the most populous province in Ecuador. In terms of area it is the seventh largest province in the country. The main port of Ecuador, Guayaquil, is located within the province.

Geography

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Guayas' natural terrain is very diverse. The province has no elevations, except for the Coastal Range, which starts in Guayaquil and goes to Manabí. The areas west of the Coastal Range are desertic, with an average temperature of 23 °C. The areas east of the range belong to the Guayas Watershed. They are quite humid and fertile, especially in the north of the province, with an average temperature of 30 °C in the humid season (December–May) and 25 °C in the dry season (June–November).

Hydrography

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The most important river in the province is the Daule River, which flows from the north to join the Babahoyo River to form the Guayas river. The province is part of the largest river basin in South America west of the Andes Mountains.

Roads

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Guayas has its own system for numbering roads. However, this system is unknown to most residents, so it is not regularly used.

The inter-provincial roads are also numbered with the national system. Even routes travel north–south; odd routes travel east–west. The inter-provincial roads that cross the province are the following:

  • Ecuador Highway 15 (Vía del Pacífico; Pacific Way)
  • Ecuador Highway 25 (Troncal de la Costa; Coastal Main Way)
  • Ecuador Highway 40 (Transversal Austral; Austral Crossing Way)

History

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Pre-Hispanic cultures

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The native culture living in Guayas is the Huancavilca culture. Exactly before the European discovery of America, the Huancavilca Culture was living in the province. Their descendants make up a large part of the population of the province.

Spanish conquest and independence

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Guayaquil was founded on August 14, 1534 (its foundation is celebrated on July 25). During the Spanish conquest, Guayaquil became one of the most important ports in South America. The city became free on October 9, 1820, and the Guayaquil Department (one of the original subdivisions of Ecuador) was founded soon afterwards. It consisted of the Manabí Province, and the Guayaquil Province, which was later renamed Guayas. The Guayaquil Province included territory of what now is Peruvian Tumbes, and today's Los Ríos and El Oro. The provinces were separated from Guayas in 1860 and 1884, respectively.

Urbanization

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Guayas is the most populous province in the country. In recent decades, there has been a massive exit from rural areas to the main cities (especially Guayaquil). This has created a problem in Guayaquil, as most of the migrants move to municipal areas, creating shantytowns, with no services like water or electricity.

Demographics

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Guayas is the most populous province in the country. The estimated population of the province in 2003 was about 3,360,000 people. A large percentage of the population are mestizos, i.e. descendants of both Spanish and indigenous peoples, there are also big communities of people that descend from Italians, Lebanese and German people.

Ethnic groups as of the Ecuadorian census of 2010:[3]

Political divisions

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The province is divided into 25 cantons. The following table lists each with its population at the time of the 2010 census, its area in square kilometres (km2), and the name of the canton seat or capital.[4]

Canton Pop. (2010)[5] Area (km2) Seat/Capital
Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno 25,179 216 Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno (Jujan)
Balao 20,523 465 Balao
Balzar 53,937 1,173 Balzar
Colimes 23,423 758 Colimes
Coronel Marcelino Maridueña 12,033 255 Coronel Marcelino Maridueña
Daule 120,326 462 Daule
Durán 235,769 339 Eloy Alfaro (Durán)
El Empalme 74,451 711 Velasco Ibarra (El Empalme)
El Triunfo 44,778 389 El Triunfo
General Antonio Elizalde 10,642 152 General Antonio Elizalde (Bucay)
Guayaquil 2,350,915 5,237 Guayaquil
Isidro Ayora 10,870 492 Isidro Ayora
Lomas de Sargentillo 18,413 67 Lomas de Sargentillo
Milagro 166,634 401 Milagro
Naranjal 69,012 2,015 Naranjal
Naranjito 37,186 226 Naranjito
Nobol 19,600 128 Narcisa de Jesús (Nobol)
Palestina 16,065 194 Palestina
Pedro Carbo 43,436 927 Pedro Carbo
Playas 41,935 269 General Villamil (Playas)
Salitre 57,402 390 Salitre
Samborondón 67,590 388 Samborondón
Santa Lucía 38,923 348 Santa Lucía
Simón Bolívar 25,483 289 Simón Bolívar
Yaguachi 60,958 512 Yaguachi

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Citypopulation.de Population and area of Guayas Province
  2. ^ Villalba, Juan. "Human Development Index in Ecuador". Scribd (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-02-05.
  3. ^ Censos, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y. "Resultados". Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (in Spanish). Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  4. ^ Cantons of Ecuador. Statoids.com. Retrieved 4 November 2009.
  5. ^ Censos, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y. "Población y Demografía". Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-11-27.
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