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==Research and career==
==Research and career==
McMillan worked as a postdoctoral fellow at [[Arizona State University]], where he installed one of the first micro-beam [[Raman spectroscopy]] instruments in the US. He used Raman spectroscopy to study high pressure minerals and materials. He was hired to a teaching position at Arizona State University in 1983, and promoted to Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry in 1993.<ref name=":0"/> He was appointed Director of the Center for Solid State Science in 1997 and was named Presidential Professor of the Sciences.<ref name=":0"/> In 2000 he was awarded the Brunauer Cement Award of American Ceramic Society.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brunauer Cements Award |url=https://ceramics.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Brunauer-Recipient-List-2019-1.pdf |website=American Ceramic Society |publisher= |access-date=3 February 2022}}</ref> In 2000, McMillan returned to the [[United Kingdom]], where he was made Professor of Solid State Chemistry at [[University College London]], an appointment jointly held with the [[Royal Institution]].<ref name=":0"/> McMillan has also held visiting positions at the Universités of Nantes and Rennes, the [[Ecole Normale Supérieure]] and [[Claude Bernard University Lyon 1|Université Claude Bernard]].{{cn|date=February 2022}}
McMillan worked as a postdoctoral fellow at [[Arizona State University]], where he installed one of the first micro-beam [[Raman spectroscopy]] instruments in the US. He used Raman spectroscopy to study high pressure minerals and materials. He was hired to a teaching position at Arizona State University in 1983, and promoted to Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry in 1993.<ref name=":0"/> He was appointed Director of the Center for Solid State Science in 1997 and was named Presidential Professor of the Sciences.<ref name=":0"/> In 2000 he was awarded the Brunauer Cement Award of American Ceramic Society.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brunauer Cements Award |url=https://ceramics.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Brunauer-Recipient-List-2019-1.pdf |website=American Ceramic Society |publisher= |access-date=3 February 2022}}</ref> In 2000, McMillan returned to the [[United Kingdom]], where he was made Professor of Solid State Chemistry at [[University College London]], an appointment jointly held with the [[Royal Institution]].<ref name=":0"/> McMillan has also held visiting positions at the Universités of Nantes and Rennes, the ''[[Ecole Normale Supérieure]]'' and [[Claude Bernard University Lyon 1|Université Claude Bernard]].{{cn|date=February 2022}}


McMillan's research involved the exploration of solid state chemistry under extreme high pressure and high temperature conditions using [[diamond anvil cell]]s.<ref name=Katru>{{Cite book|last1=Katrusiak|first1=Andrzej|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SAvSBwAAQBAJ|title=High-Pressure Crystallography|last2=McMillan|first2=Paul|date=31 March 2004|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-4020-2102-2|language=en}}</ref> New compounds and materials are prepared and studied at up to a million atmospheres and thousands of degrees centigrade using spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction.<ref>{{Cite web|last=UCL|date=30 September 2020|title=Materials for the Future|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/chemistry/research/materials-future|access-date=1 February 2022|website=Chemistry|language=en}}</ref> He studied the properties and structure of liquids, amorphous solids and biological molecules at high pressure.<ref name=Katru/> McMillan has contributed across numerous fields and has published work relating to solid state inorganic/materials chemistry, high pressure-high temperature research,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McMillan |first1=Paul F. |title=New materials from high-pressure experiments |journal=Nature Materials |date=September 2002 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–25 |doi=10.1038/nmat716 |pmid=12618843 |bibcode=2002NatMa...1...19M |s2cid=43121729 |url=https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat716}}</ref> amorphous solids and liquids,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Angell |first1=CA |last2=Ngai |first2=KL |last3=McKenna |first3=GB |last4=McMillan |first4=PF |last5=Martin |first5=SW |title=Relaxation in glassforming liquids and amorphous solids |journal=J. Appl. Phys. |date=2000 |volume=88 |issue=6 |page=3113-3157 |doi=10.1063/1.1286035 |bibcode=2000JAP....88.3113A |url=https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1286035}}</ref> vibrational spectroscopy,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yu |first1=P |last2=Kirkpatrick |first2=RJ |last3=Poe |first3=B |last4=McMillan |first4=PF |last5=Cong |first5=X |title=Structure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H): Near-, Mid-, and Far-Infrared Spectroscopy |journal=J. Am. Ceram. Soc. |date=1999 |volume=83 |issue=3 |page=742 |doi=10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01826.x |url=https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01826.x}}</ref> synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering, mineral physics, graphitic carbonitrides,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jorge |first1=BA |title=H-2 and O-2 Evolution from Water Half-Splitting Reactions by Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials |journal=J. Phys. Chem. C |date=2013 |volume=117 |issue=14 |page=7178 |doi=10.1021/jp4009338 |url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp4009338}}</ref> battery materials and the response of bacteria to high pressures.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Foglia |first1=F |last2=Hazael |first2=R |last3=De Meersman |first3=F |last4=Wilding |first4=MC |last5=Sakai |first5=VG |last6=Rogers |first6=S |last7=Bove |first7=LE |last8=Koza |first8=MM |last9=Moulin |first9=M |last10=Haertlein |first10=M |last11=Forsyth |first11=VT |last12=McMillan |first12=PF |title=In Vivo Water Dynamics in Shewanella oneidensis Bacteria at High Pressure |journal=Scientific Reports |year=2019 |volume=9 |issue=1 |page=8716 |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-44704-3 |pmid=31213614|pmc=6581952 |bibcode=2019NatSR...9.8716F }}</ref>
McMillan's research involved the exploration of solid state chemistry under extreme high pressure and high temperature conditions using [[diamond anvil cell]]s.<ref name=Katru>{{Cite book |last1=Katrusiak |first1=Andrzej |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SAvSBwAAQBAJ |title=High-Pressure Crystallography |last2=McMillan |first2=Paul |date=31 March 2004 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4020-2102-2 |language=en}}</ref> New compounds and materials are prepared and studied at up to a million atmospheres and thousands of degrees Celsius using spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UCL |date=30 September 2020 |title=Materials for the Future |url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/chemistry/research/materials-future |access-date=1 February 2022 |website=Chemistry |language=en}}</ref> He studied the properties and structure of liquids, amorphous solids and biological molecules at high pressure.<ref name=Katru/> McMillan has contributed across numerous fields and has published work relating to solid state inorganic/materials chemistry, high pressure-high temperature research,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McMillan |first1=Paul F. |title=New materials from high-pressure experiments |journal=Nature Materials |date=September 2002 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–25 |doi=10.1038/nmat716 |pmid=12618843 |bibcode=2002NatMa...1...19M |s2cid=43121729 |url=https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat716}}</ref> amorphous solids and liquids,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Angell |first1=CA |last2=Ngai |first2=KL |last3=McKenna |first3=GB |last4=McMillan |first4=PF |last5=Martin |first5=SW |title=Relaxation in glassforming liquids and amorphous solids |journal=J. Appl. Phys. |date=2000 |volume=88 |issue=6 |page=3113-3157 |doi=10.1063/1.1286035 |bibcode=2000JAP....88.3113A |url=https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1286035}}</ref> vibrational spectroscopy,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yu |first1=P |last2=Kirkpatrick |first2=RJ |last3=Poe |first3=B |last4=McMillan |first4=PF |last5=Cong |first5=X |title=Structure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H): Near-, Mid-, and Far-Infrared Spectroscopy |journal=J. Am. Ceram. Soc. |date=1999 |volume=83 |issue=3 |page=742 |doi=10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01826.x |url=https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01826.x}}</ref> synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering, mineral physics, graphitic carbonitrides,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jorge |first1=BA |title=H-2 and O-2 Evolution from Water Half-Splitting Reactions by Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials |journal=J. Phys. Chem. C |date=2013 |volume=117 |issue=14 |page=7178 |doi=10.1021/jp4009338 |url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp4009338}}</ref> battery materials and the response of bacteria to high pressures.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Foglia |first1=F |last2=Hazael |first2=R |last3=De Meersman |first3=F |last4=Wilding |first4=MC |last5=Sakai |first5=VG |last6=Rogers |first6=S |last7=Bove |first7=LE |last8=Koza |first8=MM |last9=Moulin |first9=M |last10=Haertlein |first10=M |last11=Forsyth |first11=VT |last12=McMillan |first12=PF |title=In Vivo Water Dynamics in Shewanella oneidensis Bacteria at High Pressure |journal=Scientific Reports |year=2019 |volume=9 |issue=1 |page=8716 |doi=10.1038/s41598-019-44704-3 |pmid=31213614|pmc=6581952 |bibcode=2019NatSR...9.8716F }}</ref>


In 2015 McMillan was a panellist on [[Melvyn Bragg]]'s [[In_Our_Time_(radio_series)|''In Our Time'']] on BBC Radio 4.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Science of Glass |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b05w456c |website=BBC Sounds |access-date=4 February 2022}}</ref>
In 2015 McMillan was a panellist on [[Melvyn Bragg]]'s [[In Our Time (radio series)|''In Our Time'']] on BBC Radio 4.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Science of Glass |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b05w456c |website=BBC Sounds |access-date=4 February 2022}}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
McMillan died in London on 2 February 2022, at the age of 65.<ref>{{Cite tweet |user=SellaTheChemist |number=1488959113061097479 |date=2 February 2022 |title=It is with deep grief that I tell you that our friend, colleague and teacher, Paul McMillan, died this afternoon.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Obituary on the AIRAPT webpage|last1=Salamat|first1=Ashkan|url=http://www.airapt.org/?q=node/504|publication-date=7 February 2022|last2=Hazael|first2=Rachael}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sella |first1=Andrea |last2=Navrotsky |first2=Alexandra |title=Paul F McMillan (1956-2022) |journal=Nature Materials |date=25-04-2022 |volume=21 |page=490 |doi=10.1038/s41563-022-01243-z |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-022-01243-z |access-date=10 July 2022}}</ref>
McMillan died in London on 2 February 2022, at the age of 65.<ref>{{Cite tweet |user=SellaTheChemist |number=1488959113061097479 |date=2 February 2022 |title=It is with deep grief that I tell you that our friend, colleague and teacher, Paul McMillan, died this afternoon.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Obituary on the AIRAPT webpage|last1=Salamat|first1=Ashkan|url=http://www.airapt.org/?q=node/504|publication-date=7 February 2022|last2=Hazael|first2=Rachael}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sella |first1=Andrea |last2=Navrotsky |first2=Alexandra |title=Paul F McMillan (1956-2022) |journal=Nature Materials |date=25 April 2022 |volume=21 |issue=5 |page=490 |doi=10.1038/s41563-022-01243-z |pmid=35468943 |s2cid=248386014 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022NatMa..21..490S }}</ref>


== Selected publications ==
== Selected publications ==
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[[Category:British chemists]]
[[Category:British chemists]]
[[Category:Scientists from Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Scientists from Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Solid state chemists]]

Latest revision as of 13:11, 17 December 2024

Paul Francis McMillan
McMillan in 1977
Born(1956-06-03)3 June 1956
Edinburgh, Scotland
Died2 February 2022(2022-02-02) (aged 65)
London, England
NationalityBritish, French
Occupation(s)Academic and scientist
Scientific career
Fields
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials
  • Extreme Conditions
InstitutionsUniversity College London,
Arizona State University
ThesisA structural study of aluminosilicate glasses by Raman spectroscopy (1981)
Doctoral advisorAlexandra Navrotsky, John Holloway
Websitewww.ucl.ac.uk/chemistry/people/paul-mcmillan

Paul Francis McMillan (3 June 1956 – 2 February 2022) was a British chemist who held the Sir William Ramsay Chair of Chemistry at University College London.[1] His research considered the study of matter under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure, with a focus on phase transitions, amorphisation, and the study of glassy states. He has also investigated the survival of bacteria and larger organisms (tardigrades) under extreme compression, studies of amyloid fibrils,[2] the synthesis and characterisation of carbonitride nanocrystals and the study of water motion in confined environments. He has made extensive use of Raman spectroscopy together with X-ray diffraction and neutron scattering techniques.

Early life and education

[edit]

McMillan was born in Edinburgh, Midlothian, and brought up in Loanhead, a small mining and farming village at the base of the Pentland Hills.[3] He attended Lasswade High School, where he graduated with the Marshall Memorial medal.[3] He then studied for a bachelor's degree in chemistry at the University of Edinburgh.[3] After graduating, McMillan moved to Arizona State University, where he researched geochemistry with John Holloway and Alexandra Navrotsky.[3] His doctoral research was in using vibrational spectroscopy to investigate the structures of silicate glasses.[4]

Research and career

[edit]

McMillan worked as a postdoctoral fellow at Arizona State University, where he installed one of the first micro-beam Raman spectroscopy instruments in the US. He used Raman spectroscopy to study high pressure minerals and materials. He was hired to a teaching position at Arizona State University in 1983, and promoted to Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry in 1993.[3] He was appointed Director of the Center for Solid State Science in 1997 and was named Presidential Professor of the Sciences.[3] In 2000 he was awarded the Brunauer Cement Award of American Ceramic Society.[5] In 2000, McMillan returned to the United Kingdom, where he was made Professor of Solid State Chemistry at University College London, an appointment jointly held with the Royal Institution.[3] McMillan has also held visiting positions at the Universités of Nantes and Rennes, the Ecole Normale Supérieure and Université Claude Bernard.[citation needed]

McMillan's research involved the exploration of solid state chemistry under extreme high pressure and high temperature conditions using diamond anvil cells.[6] New compounds and materials are prepared and studied at up to a million atmospheres and thousands of degrees Celsius using spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction.[7] He studied the properties and structure of liquids, amorphous solids and biological molecules at high pressure.[6] McMillan has contributed across numerous fields and has published work relating to solid state inorganic/materials chemistry, high pressure-high temperature research,[8] amorphous solids and liquids,[9] vibrational spectroscopy,[10] synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering, mineral physics, graphitic carbonitrides,[11] battery materials and the response of bacteria to high pressures.[12]

In 2015 McMillan was a panellist on Melvyn Bragg's In Our Time on BBC Radio 4.[13]

Personal life

[edit]

McMillan died in London on 2 February 2022, at the age of 65.[14][15] [16]

Selected publications

[edit]
  • C. A. Angell; K. L. Ngai; G. B. McKenna; P. F. McMillan; S. W. Martin (15 September 2000). "Relaxation in glassforming liquids and amorphous solids". Journal of Applied Physics. 88 (6): 3113–3157. doi:10.1063/1.1286035. ISSN 0021-8979. Wikidata Q56552594.
  • Paul F McMillan (1 September 2002). "New materials from high-pressure experiments". Nature Materials. 1 (1): 19–25. doi:10.1038/NMAT716. ISSN 1476-1122. PMID 12618843. Wikidata Q73082944.
  • P. H. Poole; T. Grande; C. A. Angell; P. F. McMillan (17 January 1997). "Polymorphic Phase Transitions in Liquids and Glasses". Science. 275 (5298): 322–323. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.275.5298.322. ISSN 0036-8075. Wikidata Q57567948.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Personal Webpage of Prof Paul McMillan". 3 September 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  2. ^ Meersman, F; McMillan, PF (2014). "High hydrostatic pressure: a probing tool and a necessary parameter in biophysical chemistry". Chem. Comm. 50 (7): 766–775. doi:10.1039/c3cc45844j. PMID 24286104.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g James, Frank A. J. L. (5 July 2017). 'The Common Purposes of Life': Science and Society at the Royal Institution of Great Britain. Taylor & Francis. p. 380. ISBN 978-1-351-96317-6.
  4. ^ McMillan, Paul F (1981). A structural study of aluminosilicate glasses by Raman spectroscopy. U of Arizona.
  5. ^ "Brunauer Cements Award" (PDF). American Ceramic Society. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
  6. ^ a b Katrusiak, Andrzej; McMillan, Paul (31 March 2004). High-Pressure Crystallography. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4020-2102-2.
  7. ^ UCL (30 September 2020). "Materials for the Future". Chemistry. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  8. ^ McMillan, Paul F. (September 2002). "New materials from high-pressure experiments". Nature Materials. 1 (1): 19–25. Bibcode:2002NatMa...1...19M. doi:10.1038/nmat716. PMID 12618843. S2CID 43121729.
  9. ^ Angell, CA; Ngai, KL; McKenna, GB; McMillan, PF; Martin, SW (2000). "Relaxation in glassforming liquids and amorphous solids". J. Appl. Phys. 88 (6): 3113-3157. Bibcode:2000JAP....88.3113A. doi:10.1063/1.1286035.
  10. ^ Yu, P; Kirkpatrick, RJ; Poe, B; McMillan, PF; Cong, X (1999). "Structure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H): Near-, Mid-, and Far-Infrared Spectroscopy". J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 83 (3): 742. doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01826.x.
  11. ^ Jorge, BA (2013). "H-2 and O-2 Evolution from Water Half-Splitting Reactions by Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials". J. Phys. Chem. C. 117 (14): 7178. doi:10.1021/jp4009338.
  12. ^ Foglia, F; Hazael, R; De Meersman, F; Wilding, MC; Sakai, VG; Rogers, S; Bove, LE; Koza, MM; Moulin, M; Haertlein, M; Forsyth, VT; McMillan, PF (2019). "In Vivo Water Dynamics in Shewanella oneidensis Bacteria at High Pressure". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 8716. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.8716F. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44704-3. PMC 6581952. PMID 31213614.
  13. ^ "The Science of Glass". BBC Sounds. Retrieved 4 February 2022.
  14. ^ @SellaTheChemist (2 February 2022). "It is with deep grief that I tell you that our friend, colleague and teacher, Paul McMillan, died this afternoon" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  15. ^ Salamat, Ashkan; Hazael, Rachael (7 February 2022), Obituary on the AIRAPT webpage
  16. ^ Sella, Andrea; Navrotsky, Alexandra (25 April 2022). "Paul F McMillan (1956-2022)". Nature Materials. 21 (5): 490. Bibcode:2022NatMa..21..490S. doi:10.1038/s41563-022-01243-z. PMID 35468943. S2CID 248386014.
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