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{{Short description|American amateur golfer}}
{{Short description|American amateur golfer}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox golfer
{{Infobox golfer
| name = Francis Ouimet
| name = Francis Ouimet
| image = Oimet 4176222601 af29340b97 o.jpg
| image = Francis Ouimet (cropped).jpg
| imagesize = 220px
| imagesize = 220px
| caption = Ouimet at the [[1913 U.S. Open (golf)|1913 U.S. Open]]
| caption = Ouimet at the [[1913 U.S. Open (golf)|1913 U.S. Open]]
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| nickname =
| nickname =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1893|5|8}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1893|5|8}}
| birth_place = [[Brookline, Massachusetts]]
| birth_place = [[Brookline, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1967|9|2|1893|5|8}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1967|9|2|1893|5|8}}
| death_place = [[Newton, Massachusetts]]
| death_place = [[Newton, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| height = {{height|ft=6|in=2}}
| height = 6 ft 2 in
| weight = {{convert|175|lb|kg st|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|175|lb|kg st|abbr=on}}
| nationality = {{USA}}
| nationality = {{USA}}
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| status = Amateur
| status = Amateur
| yearpro = <!-- Year turned professional -->
| yearpro = <!-- Year turned professional -->
| retired = <!-- Year retired -->
| prowins =
| prowins = 3
| pgawins = 1
| pgawins =
| majorwins = 3
| majorwins = 3
| masters = WD: 1941
| masters = WD: 1941
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[[Image:OuimetWithVardonAndRay1913.jpg|thumb|220px|Playoff participants [[Harry Vardon]], Ouimet, and [[Ted Ray (golfer)|Ted Ray]]]]
[[Image:OuimetWithVardonAndRay1913.jpg|thumb|220px|Playoff participants [[Harry Vardon]], Ouimet, and [[Ted Ray (golfer)|Ted Ray]]]]
[[Image:Francis Ouimet carried and Eddie Lowery 1913.jpg|thumb|220px|Ouimet celebrating his victory with [[Eddie Lowery]], his 10-year-old caddie with a white towel over his shoulders]]
[[Image:Francis Ouimet carried and Eddie Lowery 1913.jpg|thumb|220px|Ouimet celebrating his victory with [[Eddie Lowery]], his 10-year-old caddie with a white towel over his shoulders]]
'''Francis DeSales Ouimet''' (May 8, 1893 – September 2, 1967) was an American amateur golfer who is frequently referred to as the "father of amateur golf" in the United States. He won the [[U.S. Open (golf)|U.S. Open]] in [[1913 U.S. Open (golf)|1913]] and was the first non-Briton elected Captain of [[the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews]]. He was inducted into the [[World Golf Hall of Fame]] in 1974.<ref name=about>{{cite web|title=Francis Ouimet Biography: The Amateur Who Energized American Golf |publisher=About.com|author=Kelley, Brent|url=http://golf.about.com/od/golfersmen/p/francis_ouimet.htm|access-date=September 12, 2011}}</ref><ref name="Duca">{{cite news |title=America's triumph: Remembering a legend |url=http://www.capecodonline.com/cctimes/archives/1999/sept/21/ouimet21.htm |quote=The year was 1913. He was a young man of modest means, but he shook up the exclusive world of golf. |first=Rob |last=Duca |newspaper=[[Cape Cod Times]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001215080700/http://www.capecodonline.com/cctimes/archives/1999/sept/21/ouimet21.htm |archive-date=December 15, 2000 |access-date=December 12, 2007}}</ref>
'''Francis DeSales Ouimet''' ({{IPAc-en|w|iː|ˈ|m|ɛ|t}}) (May 8, 1893 – September 2, 1967) was an American amateur golfer who is frequently referred to as the "father of amateur golf" in the United States. He won the [[U.S. Open (golf)|U.S. Open]] in [[1913 U.S. Open (golf)|1913]] and was the first non-Briton elected Captain of [[the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews]]. He was inducted into the [[World Golf Hall of Fame]] in 1974.<ref name=about>{{cite web |title=Francis Ouimet Biography: The Amateur Who Energized American Golf |publisher=About.com |last=Kelley |first=Brent |url=http://golf.about.com/od/golfersmen/p/francis_ouimet.htm |access-date=September 12, 2011 |archive-date=November 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112045058/http://golf.about.com/od/golfersmen/p/francis_ouimet.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Duca">{{cite news |title=America's triumph: Remembering a legend |url=http://www.capecodonline.com/cctimes/archives/1999/sept/21/ouimet21.htm |first=Rob |last=Duca |newspaper=[[Cape Cod Times]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001215080700/http://www.capecodonline.com/cctimes/archives/1999/sept/21/ouimet21.htm |archive-date=December 15, 2000 |access-date=December 12, 2007}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Ouimet was born to Mary Ellen Burke and Arthur Ouimet in [[Brookline, Massachusetts]], a suburb west of [[Boston]]. His father was a [[French-Canadian]] immigrant, and his mother was originally from Ireland. When Francis was four years old, his family purchased a house on Clyde Street in Brookline, directly across from the 17th hole of [[The Country Club]]. The Ouimet family grew up relatively poor and were near the bottom of the economic ladder, which was hardly the position of any American golfer at the time. As far as the general public was concerned, amateur golf was reserved for the wealthy, while professional golf provided competition and income for former caddies, who were prohibited by the USGA from caddying after the age of 16 if they wanted to keep their amateur status.<ref name=mass>{{cite web |url=http://www.massmoments.org/moment.cfm?mid=272 |title=Brookline Amateur Wins U.S. Open|date=September 19, 1913 |website=Mass Moments}}</ref>
Ouimet was born to Mary Ellen Burke and Arthur Ouimet in [[Brookline, Massachusetts]], a suburb west of [[Boston]]. His father was a [[French-Canadian]] immigrant, and his mother was originally from Ireland. When Francis was four years old, his family purchased a house on Lee Street across from Clyde Street in Brookline, directly across from the 17th hole of [[The Country Club]]. The Ouimet family grew up relatively poor and were near the bottom of the economic ladder, which was hardly the position of any American golfer at the time. As far as the general public was concerned, amateur golf was reserved for the wealthy, while professional golf provided competition and income for former caddies, who were prohibited by the USGA from caddying after the age of 16 if they wanted to keep their amateur status.<ref name=mass>{{cite web |url=http://www.massmoments.org/moment.cfm?mid=272 |title=Brookline Amateur Wins U.S. Open|date=September 19, 1913 |website=Mass Moments}}</ref>


Ouimet became interested in golf at an early age and started [[caddying]] at The Country Club at the age of 11. Using clubs from his brother and balls he found around the course, he taught himself to play. His game soon caught the eye of many country club members and caddie master Dan MacNamara. It was not long before Ouimet was the best high school golfer in the state. When he was a junior in high school, his father insisted that he drop out and do "something useful" with his life. Ouimet worked at a drygoods store before landing a job at a [[sporting goods]] store owned by future Baseball Hall of Famer [[George Wright (sportsman)|George Wright]].<ref name=mass/><ref name="Birth">{{cite book |url=https://www.thebookstall.com/book/9780786869206 |title=The Greatest Game Ever Played: Harry Vardon, Francis Ouimet, and the Birth of Modern Golf|author=Frost, Mark |date=November 1, 2002|publisher=Hyperion |isbn=9780786869206}}</ref> chase katuska is related yo him
Ouimet became interested in golf at an early age and started [[caddying]] at The Country Club at the age of 11. Using clubs from his brother and balls he found around the course, he taught himself to play. His game soon caught the eye of many country club members and caddie master Dan MacNamara. It was not long before Ouimet was the best high school golfer in the state. When he was a junior in high school, his father insisted that he drop out and do "something useful" with his life. Ouimet worked at a drygoods store before landing a job at a [[sporting goods]] store owned by future Baseball Hall of Famer [[George Wright (sportsman)|George Wright]].<ref name=mass/><ref name="Birth">{{cite book |url=https://www.thebookstall.com/book/9780786869206 |title=The Greatest Game Ever Played: Harry Vardon, Francis Ouimet, and the Birth of Modern Golf |last=Frost |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Frost |date=November 1, 2002 |publisher=Hyperion |isbn=9780786869206 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


==Golf career==
==Golf career==
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It was Ouimet's first appearance in the championship. [[Eddie Lowery]] was his ten year old caddie. After 72 holes of regulation play ended in a three-way tie, Ouimet, Vardon, and Ray engaged in an 18-hole playoff the next day in rainy conditions. Ouimet won the playoff at one-under-par for the day, beating Vardon by 5 strokes and Ray by 6.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ouimet Ties Great English Golfers. Twenty-Year-Old Schoolboy's Wonderful Performance in National Open Golf |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0D15F63A5F13738DDDA90A94D1405B838DF1D3 |quote=An American youth, Francis Ouimet, a stripling scarcely out of his teens, carved a niche for himself in international sporting history here to-day when he tied with England's famous professional golfers, Harry Vardon and Edward Ray, in the final round of the national open championship. |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 20, 1913 |access-date=January 2, 2011 }}</ref> His victory was widely hailed as a stunning upset over the strongly favored British, who were regarded as the top two golfers in the world. He was the first [[amateur]] to win the U.S. Open. The biggest crowds ever seen in American golf followed the playoff, and his achievement was front-page news across the country.
It was Ouimet's first appearance in the championship. [[Eddie Lowery]] was his ten year old caddie. After 72 holes of regulation play ended in a three-way tie, Ouimet, Vardon, and Ray engaged in an 18-hole playoff the next day in rainy conditions. Ouimet won the playoff at one-under-par for the day, beating Vardon by 5 strokes and Ray by 6.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ouimet Ties Great English Golfers. Twenty-Year-Old Schoolboy's Wonderful Performance in National Open Golf |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0D15F63A5F13738DDDA90A94D1405B838DF1D3 |quote=An American youth, Francis Ouimet, a stripling scarcely out of his teens, carved a niche for himself in international sporting history here to-day when he tied with England's famous professional golfers, Harry Vardon and Edward Ray, in the final round of the national open championship. |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 20, 1913 |access-date=January 2, 2011 }}</ref> His victory was widely hailed as a stunning upset over the strongly favored British, who were regarded as the top two golfers in the world. He was the first [[amateur]] to win the U.S. Open. The biggest crowds ever seen in American golf followed the playoff, and his achievement was front-page news across the country.


Ouimet's U.S. Open success is credited for bringing golf into the American sporting mainstream. Before his win over Vardon and Ray, golf was dominated by British players. In America, the sport was restricted to players with access to private facilities. There were very few public courses (the first, [[Van Cortlandt Park#Attractions|Van Cortlandt Golf Course]] in The Bronx borough of New York City, opened in 1895.) Ten years after his 1913 victory, the number of American players had tripled and many new courses had been built, including numerous public ones.
Ouimet's U.S. Open success is credited for bringing golf into the American sporting mainstream. Before his win over Vardon and Ray, golf was dominated by British players. In America, the sport was restricted to players with access to private facilities. There were very few public courses (the first, [[Van Cortlandt Park#Attractions|Van Cortlandt Golf Course]] in The Bronx borough of New York City, opened in 1895). Ten years after his 1913 victory, the number of American players had tripled and many new courses had been built, including numerous public ones.


In 1963, [[WGBH-TV]], Boston's public television station, aired an interview with Ouimet at The Country Club in Brookline, Massachusetts, to mark the 50th anniversary of his win at the 1913 U.S. Open. The [[kinescope]] of that interview was included in the DVD of the Walt Disney film ''[[The Greatest Game Ever Played]]''. Disney's film took artistic license, portraying the win as having been by a single stroke when, in reality, Ouimet won by five strokes.
In 1963, [[WGBH-TV]], Boston's public television station, aired an interview with Ouimet at The Country Club in Brookline, Massachusetts, to mark the 50th anniversary of his win at the 1913 U.S. Open. The [[kinescope]] of that interview was included in the DVD of the Walt Disney film ''[[The Greatest Game Ever Played]]''. Disney's film took artistic license, portraying the win as having been by a single stroke when, in reality, Ouimet won by five strokes.


===Controversy resolved===
===Controversy resolved===
Ouimet never turned professional;<ref name=about/> he wished to remain an amateur for his whole career, as he decided before his U.S. Open success that he wanted to work in the world of business. In 1916, however, the [[USGA]], in one of the most controversial decisions in their history, stripped Ouimet of his amateur status. Its reasoning was that he was using his celebrity to aid his own sporting goods business and was therefore making a living from golf. This was at the time when caddies were not allowed to continue caddying after they reached the age of 16, unless they declared themselves professionals. The decision was greeted with uproar from Ouimet's fellow golfers. In 1918, Ouimet enlisted in the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] and rose to the rank of [[First lieutenant#United States|lieutenant]]. After the war, the USGA quietly reinstated his amateur status. Ouimet did not bear a grudge against the USGA and served on several committees. He was also a golf member of Charles River Country Club in [[Newton Centre, Massachusetts|Newton Centre]], and was a member of the Woodland Golf Club of [[Auburndale, Massachusetts|Auburndale]].
Ouimet never turned professional;<ref name=about/> he wished to remain an amateur for his whole career, as he decided before his U.S. Open success that he wanted to work in the world of business. In 1916, however, the [[USGA]], in one of the most controversial decisions in their history, stripped Ouimet of his amateur status. Its reasoning was that he was using his celebrity status to aid his own sporting goods business and was therefore making a living from golf. This was at the time when caddies were not allowed to continue caddying after they reached the age of 16, unless they declared themselves professionals. The decision was greeted with uproar from Ouimet's fellow golfers. In 1918, Ouimet enlisted in the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] and rose to the rank of [[First lieutenant#United States|lieutenant]]. After the war, the USGA quietly reinstated his amateur status.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ouimet, Francis DeSales {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ouimet-francis-desales |access-date=2024-07-22 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> Ouimet did not bear a grudge against the USGA and served on several committees. He was also a golf member of Charles River Country Club in [[Newton Centre, Massachusetts|Newton Centre]], and was a member of the Woodland Golf Club of [[Auburndale, Massachusetts|Auburndale]].


Ouimet won his second U.S. Amateur in 1931.<ref name=about/> During the 1920s, he lost several close matches to [[Bobby Jones (golfer)|Bobby Jones]], who dominated amateur golf for that decade.
Ouimet won his second U.S. Amateur in 1931.<ref name=about/> During the 1920s, he lost several close matches to [[Bobby Jones (golfer)|Bobby Jones]], who dominated amateur golf for that decade.


===Later achievements===
===Later achievements===
Ouimet won the [[U.S. Amateur]] twice (1914 and 1931).<ref>{{cite news |title=Ouimet's Aged Mother Is Happy, But His Health Is First Thought. New Golf Champion's 70-Year-Old Parent Hopeful That Her Son Did Not Tax His Strength--Tells How He Swang at Stones With Home-Made Clubs at 4 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1931/09/06/archives/ouimets-aged-mother-is-happy-but-his-health-is-first-thought-new.html |quote=To the rest of the world Francis Ouimet is a battle-scarred veteran, who returned from a golfers' Valhalla to win another national amateur championship, but to his sweet-faced&nbsp;... |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 6, 1931 |access-date=January 3, 2011 }}</ref> He played on the first eight [[Walker Cup]] Teams and was Captain of the next four for a team record of 11-1. In 1951, he became the first non-Briton elected Captain of [[the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews]] and in 1955 was the first-ever winner of the [[Bob Jones Award]], the highest honor given by the USGA, in recognition of distinguished sportsmanship in golf. Ouimet has been named to many golf halls of fame and has a room named after him in the [[USGA Museum]].
Ouimet won the [[U.S. Amateur]] twice (1914 and 1931).<ref>{{cite news |title=Ouimet's Aged Mother Is Happy, But His Health Is First Thought. New Golf Champion's 70-Year-Old Parent Hopeful That Her Son Did Not Tax His Strength--Tells How He Swang at Stones With Home-Made Clubs at 4 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1931/09/06/archives/ouimets-aged-mother-is-happy-but-his-health-is-first-thought-new.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 6, 1931 |access-date=January 3, 2011 }}</ref> He played on the first eight [[Walker Cup]] Teams and was Captain of the next four for a team record of 11-1. In 1951, he became the first non-Briton elected Captain of [[the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews]] and in 1955 was the first-ever winner of the [[Bob Jones Award]], the highest honor given by the USGA, in recognition of distinguished sportsmanship in golf. Ouimet has been named to many golf halls of fame and has a room named after him in the [[USGA Museum]].


Two other aspects of Ouimet's golf career are important: He used the overlapping grip to hold the club and was among the first top players to use this method. He very likely used the grip to emulate Vardon, who often is credited with developing the grip. Many great golf champions since have used this technique. The method is named for the "overlapping' of the little finger of the top hand between the forefinger and middle finger of the bottom hand. Ouimet mentored and encouraged the young [[Gene Sarazen]], who developed into one of golf's greatest champions.<ref name="Birth"/><ref name="Dance">{{cite book |title=Gettin' to the Dance Floor: An Oral History of American Golf |author=[[Al Barkow|Barkow, Al]]|date=January 1, 1986|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-689-11517-2|publisher=Atheneum Books |isbn= 978-0689115172}}</ref>
Two other aspects of Ouimet's golf career are important: He used the overlapping grip to hold the club and was among the first top players to use this method. He very likely used the grip to emulate Vardon, who often is credited with developing the grip. Many great golf champions since have used this technique. The method is named for the "overlapping' of the little finger of the top hand between the forefinger and middle finger of the bottom hand. Ouimet mentored and encouraged the young [[Gene Sarazen]], who developed into one of golf's greatest champions.<ref name="Birth"/><ref name="Dance">{{cite book |title=Gettin' to the Dance Floor: An Oral History of American Golf |author=[[Al Barkow|Barkow, Al]]|date=January 1, 1986|url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-689-11517-2|publisher=Atheneum Books |isbn= 978-0689115172}}</ref>
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Appearing on the cover of ''The Greatest Game'' is a photograph of Ouimet at the U.S. Open with his ten-year-old caddie, [[Eddie Lowery]]. This iconic image is one of the best known in American golf and was used as the logo for the [[United States Golf Association]]'s Centennial celebrations. A statue of Ouimet and Lowery based on the photograph stands in Brookline, Massachusetts, and at the World Golf Hall of Fame in [[St. Augustine, Florida]].
Appearing on the cover of ''The Greatest Game'' is a photograph of Ouimet at the U.S. Open with his ten-year-old caddie, [[Eddie Lowery]]. This iconic image is one of the best known in American golf and was used as the logo for the [[United States Golf Association]]'s Centennial celebrations. A statue of Ouimet and Lowery based on the photograph stands in Brookline, Massachusetts, and at the World Golf Hall of Fame in [[St. Augustine, Florida]].


Oddly enough, a street is named after Ouimet in Greenside, Johannesburg, South Africa, close to the Parkview Golf Course. A number of adjacent streets are also named after golfers,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritageportal.co.za/article/story-behind-greensides-road-names |title=The Story Behind Greensides Road Names|date=October 30, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429150154/http://www.heritageportal.co.za/article/story-behind-greensides-road-names |archive-date=April 29, 2015 |website=The Heritage Portal}}</ref> although the street in Johannesburg is named Quimet Street. How the misspelling occurred is not known. The street is still sometimes pronounced (correctly) without the Q, while it is also sometimes pronounced in the French way (Wee-May).
A street is named after Ouimet in Greenside, Johannesburg, South Africa, close to the Parkview Golf Course. A number of adjacent streets are also named after golfers,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritageportal.co.za/article/story-behind-greensides-road-names |title=The Story Behind Greensides Road Names|date=October 30, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429150154/http://www.heritageportal.co.za/article/story-behind-greensides-road-names |archive-date=April 29, 2015 |website=The Heritage Portal}}</ref> although the street in Johannesburg is named Quimet Street. How the misspelling occurred is not known. The street is still sometimes pronounced (correctly) without the Q, while it is also sometimes pronounced in the French way (Wee-May).{{cn|date=June 2022}}


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Ouimet aspired to become a businessman to elevate himself into the middle class. The life of a professional golfer at that time did not offer an avenue to reach that goal. Within ten years of his U.S. Open victory, Ouimet had started to work as a banker and eventually a stock broker, which had always been his intention. He culminated his business career as a customer's financial advisor at [[Brown Brothers Harriman]].
Ouimet aspired to become a businessman to elevate himself into the middle class. The life of a professional golfer at that time did not offer an avenue to reach that goal. Within ten years of his U.S. Open victory, Ouimet had started to work as a banker and eventually a stock broker, which had always been his intention. He culminated his business career as a customer's financial advisor at [[Brown Brothers Harriman]].


During the First World War he served in the US Army.<ref>The Golfer's Progress, ''The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News'', December 22, 1917, p504</ref>
During the First World War he served in the US Army.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433104892223?urlappend=%3Bseq=132%3Bownerid=13510798903301836-142 |title=The Golfer's Progress |magazine=The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News |first=Henry |last=Leach |date=December 22, 1917 |page=504|hdl=2027/nyp.33433104892223?urlappend=%3Bseq=132 }}</ref>


He married Stella M. Sullivan on September 11, 1918.<ref>{{cite news |title=Francis Ouimet Marries |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0E16F63F5D147A93C0A81782D85F4C8185F9 |quote=Lieutenant Francis Ouimet, former amateur national golf champion, and Stella Sullivan were married in Boston |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 12, 1918 |access-date=January 3, 2011 }}</ref> They had two daughters: Janice Salvi and Barbara McLean.
He married Stella M. Sullivan on September 11, 1918.<ref>{{cite news |title=Francis Ouimet Marries |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0E16F63F5D147A93C0A81782D85F4C8185F9 |quote=Lieutenant Francis Ouimet, former amateur national golf champion, and Stella Sullivan were married in Boston |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 12, 1918 |access-date=January 3, 2011}}</ref> They had two daughters: Janice Salvi and Barbara McLean.


Ouimet died in [[Newton, Massachusetts]], on September 2, 1967, at age 74.<ref>{{cite news |title=Francis Ouimet, Golfer, Is Dead; First Amateur to Win U.S. Open; Gardener's Son Who Won in 1913 Showed Sport Wasn't Only for the Affluent |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/09/03/archives/francis-ouimet-golfer-is-dead-first-amateur-to-win-us-open.html |quote=Francis D. Ouimet, who amazed the sports world 54 years ago by upsetting Britain's two greatest golfers to win the United States Open, died today. He was 74 years old. |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=[[United Press International]] |date=September 2, 1967 |access-date=October 18, 2010 }}</ref>
Ouimet died in [[Newton, Massachusetts]], on September 2, 1967, at age 74.<ref>{{cite news |title=Francis Ouimet, Golfer, Is Dead; First Amateur to Win U.S. Open; Gardener's Son Who Won in 1913 Showed Sport Wasn't Only for the Affluent |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/09/03/archives/francis-ouimet-golfer-is-dead-first-amateur-to-win-us-open.html|newspaper=The New York Times |agency=[[United Press International]] |date=September 2, 1967 |access-date=October 18, 2010}}</ref>


==Tournament wins (27) ==
==Tournament wins (27) ==
=== PGA Tour wins (1) ===
⚫
*1932 [[Massachusetts Open]]
Source:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Francis Ouimet |url=https://www.pgatour.com/player/17580/francis-ouimet |access-date=2024-12-17 |publisher=PGA Tour}}</ref>

=== Other wins (25) ===
*1909 Boston Interscholastic
*1909 Boston Interscholastic
*1910 Boston Interscholastic, Woodland Golf Club Open
*1910 Boston Interscholastic, Woodland Golf Club Open
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*1912 The Country Club Cup, Allston Golf Club Open Championship
*1912 The Country Club Cup, Allston Golf Club Open Championship
*1913 '''[[U.S. Open (golf)|U.S. Open]]''', [[Massachusetts Amateur]], Meadow Brook Golf Club Open
*1913 '''[[U.S. Open (golf)|U.S. Open]]''', [[Massachusetts Amateur]], Meadow Brook Golf Club Open
*1914 '''[[U.S. Amateur]]''', [[Massachusetts Amateur]], French Amateur
*1914 '''[[U.S. Amateur]]''', [[Massachusetts Amateur]], [[French Open Amateur Championship]]
*1915 [[Massachusetts Amateur]], Baltimore Country Club Spring Invitational
*1915 [[Massachusetts Amateur]], Baltimore Country Club Spring Invitational
*1917 [[Western Amateur]]
*1917 [[Western Amateur]]
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*1927 Crump Memorial
*1927 Crump Memorial
*1931 '''[[U.S. Amateur]]'''
*1931 '''[[U.S. Amateur]]'''
⚫
*1932 [[Massachusetts Open]]
*1934 Boston Open
*1934 Boston Open


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==Major championships (3)==
==Major championships (3)==

===Professional wins (1)===
===Professional wins (1)===
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===Results timeline===
===Results timeline===
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==References==
==References==
===Footnotes===
===Footnotes===
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist}}


===General references===
===General references===
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{{commons category|Francis Ouimet}}
{{commons category|Francis Ouimet}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060702084900/http://www.ouimet.org/about/about-francis.html Francis Ouimet Biography from the Francis Ouimet Scholarship Fund]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060702084900/http://www.ouimet.org/about/about-francis.html Francis Ouimet Biography from the Francis Ouimet Scholarship Fund]
*[http://www.worldgolfhalloffame.org/francis-ouimet/ World Golf Hall of Fame profile]
*{{World Golf Hall of Fame|francis-ouimet}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071018205922/http://hickorygolfers.com/articletemplate.php?art=darwin_usopen1913.htm 1913 U.S. Open by Bernard Darwin]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071018205922/http://hickorygolfers.com/articletemplate.php?art=darwin_usopen1913.htm 1913 U.S. Open by Bernard Darwin]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071013062053/http://hickorygolfers.com/dublincore/dckeyword.php?dc_searchstring=ouimet Electronic Resources] From SoHG Archives
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071013062053/http://hickorygolfers.com/dublincore/dckeyword.php?dc_searchstring=ouimet Electronic Resources] From SoHG Archives

Latest revision as of 18:59, 18 December 2024

Francis Ouimet
Ouimet at the 1913 U.S. Open
Personal information
Full nameFrancis DeSales Ouimet
Born(1893-05-08)May 8, 1893
Brookline, Massachusetts, U.S.
DiedSeptember 2, 1967(1967-09-02) (aged 74)
Newton, Massachusetts, U.S.
Height6 ft 2 in (188 cm)
Weight175 lb (79 kg; 12.5 st)
Sporting nationality United States
Spouse
Stella Sullivan
​
​
(m. 1918⁠–⁠1965)​
ChildrenJanice, Barbara
Career
StatusAmateur
Number of wins by tour
PGA Tour1
Best results in major championships
(wins: 3)
Masters TournamentWD: 1941
PGA ChampionshipDNP
U.S. OpenWon: 1913
The Open ChampionshipT56: 1914
U.S. AmateurWon: 1914, 1931
British AmateurT3: 1923
Achievements and awards
World Golf Hall of Fame1974 (member page)
Bob Jones Award1955
Playoff participants Harry Vardon, Ouimet, and Ted Ray
Ouimet celebrating his victory with Eddie Lowery, his 10-year-old caddie with a white towel over his shoulders

Francis DeSales Ouimet (/wiːˈmɛt/) (May 8, 1893 – September 2, 1967) was an American amateur golfer who is frequently referred to as the "father of amateur golf" in the United States. He won the U.S. Open in 1913 and was the first non-Briton elected Captain of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 1974.[1][2]

Early life

[edit]

Ouimet was born to Mary Ellen Burke and Arthur Ouimet in Brookline, Massachusetts, a suburb west of Boston. His father was a French-Canadian immigrant, and his mother was originally from Ireland. When Francis was four years old, his family purchased a house on Lee Street across from Clyde Street in Brookline, directly across from the 17th hole of The Country Club. The Ouimet family grew up relatively poor and were near the bottom of the economic ladder, which was hardly the position of any American golfer at the time. As far as the general public was concerned, amateur golf was reserved for the wealthy, while professional golf provided competition and income for former caddies, who were prohibited by the USGA from caddying after the age of 16 if they wanted to keep their amateur status.[3]

Ouimet became interested in golf at an early age and started caddying at The Country Club at the age of 11. Using clubs from his brother and balls he found around the course, he taught himself to play. His game soon caught the eye of many country club members and caddie master Dan MacNamara. It was not long before Ouimet was the best high school golfer in the state. When he was a junior in high school, his father insisted that he drop out and do "something useful" with his life. Ouimet worked at a drygoods store before landing a job at a sporting goods store owned by future Baseball Hall of Famer George Wright.[3][4]

Golf career

[edit]

1913 U.S. Open

[edit]

In 1913, Ouimet won his first significant title at age 20, the Massachusetts Amateur, an event he won five more times. He participated in the U.S. Amateur at the Garden City Golf Club in Long Island, New York, in early September, losing in the quarterfinals to the eventual champion, Jerome Travers. Soon after, he was asked personally by the president of the United States Golf Association, Robert Watson, if he would play in the national professional championship, the 1913 U.S. Open, which had been postponed to mid-September from its original June dates to allow for the participation of British golfers Harry Vardon and Ted Ray, both of Jersey.[5] Vardon had won the U.S. Open in 1900 and The Open Championship five times to that point. Ray had won the Open Championship in 1912. The 1913 event was played at the course Ouimet knew best, The Country Club in Brookline, Massachusetts. Ouimet originally declined to play, having just returned from an absence from work to play in the National Amateur. His participation in the Open was soon arranged, however, with the cooperation of his employer.

It was Ouimet's first appearance in the championship. Eddie Lowery was his ten year old caddie. After 72 holes of regulation play ended in a three-way tie, Ouimet, Vardon, and Ray engaged in an 18-hole playoff the next day in rainy conditions. Ouimet won the playoff at one-under-par for the day, beating Vardon by 5 strokes and Ray by 6.[6] His victory was widely hailed as a stunning upset over the strongly favored British, who were regarded as the top two golfers in the world. He was the first amateur to win the U.S. Open. The biggest crowds ever seen in American golf followed the playoff, and his achievement was front-page news across the country.

Ouimet's U.S. Open success is credited for bringing golf into the American sporting mainstream. Before his win over Vardon and Ray, golf was dominated by British players. In America, the sport was restricted to players with access to private facilities. There were very few public courses (the first, Van Cortlandt Golf Course in The Bronx borough of New York City, opened in 1895). Ten years after his 1913 victory, the number of American players had tripled and many new courses had been built, including numerous public ones.

In 1963, WGBH-TV, Boston's public television station, aired an interview with Ouimet at The Country Club in Brookline, Massachusetts, to mark the 50th anniversary of his win at the 1913 U.S. Open. The kinescope of that interview was included in the DVD of the Walt Disney film The Greatest Game Ever Played. Disney's film took artistic license, portraying the win as having been by a single stroke when, in reality, Ouimet won by five strokes.

Controversy resolved

[edit]

Ouimet never turned professional;[1] he wished to remain an amateur for his whole career, as he decided before his U.S. Open success that he wanted to work in the world of business. In 1916, however, the USGA, in one of the most controversial decisions in their history, stripped Ouimet of his amateur status. Its reasoning was that he was using his celebrity status to aid his own sporting goods business and was therefore making a living from golf. This was at the time when caddies were not allowed to continue caddying after they reached the age of 16, unless they declared themselves professionals. The decision was greeted with uproar from Ouimet's fellow golfers. In 1918, Ouimet enlisted in the U.S. Army and rose to the rank of lieutenant. After the war, the USGA quietly reinstated his amateur status.[7] Ouimet did not bear a grudge against the USGA and served on several committees. He was also a golf member of Charles River Country Club in Newton Centre, and was a member of the Woodland Golf Club of Auburndale.

Ouimet won his second U.S. Amateur in 1931.[1] During the 1920s, he lost several close matches to Bobby Jones, who dominated amateur golf for that decade.

Later achievements

[edit]

Ouimet won the U.S. Amateur twice (1914 and 1931).[8] He played on the first eight Walker Cup Teams and was Captain of the next four for a team record of 11-1. In 1951, he became the first non-Briton elected Captain of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews and in 1955 was the first-ever winner of the Bob Jones Award, the highest honor given by the USGA, in recognition of distinguished sportsmanship in golf. Ouimet has been named to many golf halls of fame and has a room named after him in the USGA Museum.

Two other aspects of Ouimet's golf career are important: He used the overlapping grip to hold the club and was among the first top players to use this method. He very likely used the grip to emulate Vardon, who often is credited with developing the grip. Many great golf champions since have used this technique. The method is named for the "overlapping' of the little finger of the top hand between the forefinger and middle finger of the bottom hand. Ouimet mentored and encouraged the young Gene Sarazen, who developed into one of golf's greatest champions.[4][9]

Francis Ouimet Scholarship Fund

[edit]

In 1949, a group of Ouimet's friends started a scholarship in his honor, naming it the Francis Ouimet Scholarship Fund.[1] The scholarship was created to give college scholarship aid to young people who worked as caddies at clubs in Massachusetts. The inaugural class had 13 scholars who received a total of $4,600. Since then more than 6,300 students have been selected as Ouimet Scholars, receiving more than $43 million in need-based college tuition assistance. Today's requirements state that young people who have given at least two years of service to golf as caddies, worked in a pro shop operations, in course superintendent operations or "on-course" food and beverage in Massachusetts are eligible to receive the four-year renewable Scholarship.

The Ouimet Fund overview can be found at www.ouimet.org and is the second largest "caddie" scholarship in the U.S. and the largest independent scholarship fund in Massachusetts. Students complete a rigorous application and interview process, similar to the college process, before being selected as a Ouimet Scholar. The final step is an interview with a group of Ouimet Alumni, directors and/or donors. Once selected, students may attend any school they wish, and annually, these Scholars attend approximately 150 different colleges or universities across the country. Since the Ouimet Fund is a need-based scholarship, awards can range anywhere from a few thousand dollars to $80,000 or more over four years.

The Francis Ouimet Award for Lifelong Contributions to Golf was first presented in 1997 and is presented annually at the Francis Ouimet Scholarship Fund's banquet. Past winners include Arnold Palmer (1997), Peter Jacobsen (2006), Jack Nicklaus (2007), and Annika Sörenstam (2010) and in 2021 the Ouimet Fund honors broadcaster Jim Nantz.[10]

Depictions

[edit]

In 1988 a portrait of Ouimet appeared on a commemorative 25-cent United States Postal Service postage stamp in his honor.[11]

In 2002, Mark Frost wrote a biographical account of Ouimet's U.S. Open victory titled The Greatest Game Ever Played: Harry Vardon, Francis Ouimet, and the Birth of Modern Golf. Shortly afterward, Frost was tapped by Walt Disney Studios to write a motion picture adaptation. The Greatest Game Ever Played was released in theaters in 2005. The film starred Shia LaBeouf as Ouimet and was directed by Bill Paxton and produced by Larry Brezner.

Appearing on the cover of The Greatest Game is a photograph of Ouimet at the U.S. Open with his ten-year-old caddie, Eddie Lowery. This iconic image is one of the best known in American golf and was used as the logo for the United States Golf Association's Centennial celebrations. A statue of Ouimet and Lowery based on the photograph stands in Brookline, Massachusetts, and at the World Golf Hall of Fame in St. Augustine, Florida.

A street is named after Ouimet in Greenside, Johannesburg, South Africa, close to the Parkview Golf Course. A number of adjacent streets are also named after golfers,[12] although the street in Johannesburg is named Quimet Street. How the misspelling occurred is not known. The street is still sometimes pronounced (correctly) without the Q, while it is also sometimes pronounced in the French way (Wee-May).[citation needed]

Personal life

[edit]

Ouimet aspired to become a businessman to elevate himself into the middle class. The life of a professional golfer at that time did not offer an avenue to reach that goal. Within ten years of his U.S. Open victory, Ouimet had started to work as a banker and eventually a stock broker, which had always been his intention. He culminated his business career as a customer's financial advisor at Brown Brothers Harriman.

During the First World War he served in the US Army.[13]

He married Stella M. Sullivan on September 11, 1918.[14] They had two daughters: Janice Salvi and Barbara McLean.

Ouimet died in Newton, Massachusetts, on September 2, 1967, at age 74.[15]

Tournament wins (27)

[edit]

PGA Tour wins (1)

[edit]

Source:[16]

Other wins (25)

[edit]

Professional and amateur majors shown in bold.

Major championships (3)

[edit]

Professional wins (1)

[edit]
Year Championship 54 holes Winning score Margin Runners-up
1913 U.S. Open Tied for lead +12 (77-74-74-79=304) Playoff 1 Jersey Harry Vardon, Jersey Ted Ray

1 Defeated Vardon and Ray in an 18-hole playoff – Ouimet 72 (−1), Vardon 77 (+4), Ray 78 (+5)

Amateur wins (2)

[edit]
Year Championship Winning score Runner-up
1914 U.S. Amateur 6 & 5 United States Jerome Travers
1931 U.S. Amateur 6 & 5 United States Jack Westland

Results timeline

[edit]
Tournament 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919
U.S. Open 1 LA T5 T35 NT NT T18
The Open Championship T56 NT NT NT NT NT
U.S. Amateur DNQ DNQ DNQ R16 1 R16 NT NT QF
The Amateur Championship R128 NT NT NT NT NT
Tournament 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929
U.S. Open T29 T3
The Open Championship
U.S. Amateur 2 R16 M R16 SF SF DNQ SF SF R32 SF
The Amateur Championship R128 SF R64
Tournament 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
Masters Tournament NYF NYF NYF NYF
U.S. Open
The Open Championship
U.S. Amateur R32 1 SF R256 R256 R64 WD DNQ
The Amateur Championship R32 R256 R64
Tournament 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949
Masters Tournament WD NT NT NT
U.S. Open NT NT NT NT
The Open Championship NT NT NT NT NT NT
U.S. Amateur DNQ NT NT NT NT
The Amateur Championship NT NT NT NT NT NT R32 R128
Tournament 1950
Masters Tournament
U.S. Open
The Open Championship
U.S. Amateur
The Amateur Championship R128

Note: As an amateur, Ouimet could not play in the PGA Championship.

  Win
  Top 10
  Did not play

M = Medalist
LA = Low amateur
NYF = Tournament not yet founded
NT = No tournament
WD = Withdrew
"T" indicates a tie for a place
DNQ = Did not qualify for match play portion
R256, R128, R64, R32, R16, QF, SF = Round in which player lost in match play

Summary

[edit]
Tournament Wins 2nd 3rd Top-5 Top-10 Top-25 Events Cuts made
Masters Tournament 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 -
U.S. Open 1 0 1 3 3 4 6 -
The Open Championship 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 -
U.S. Amateur 2 1 6 10 14 16 26 19
The Amateur Championship 0 0 1 1 1 3 10 -
Totals 3 1 8 14 18 23 44 19
  • Most consecutive cuts made – 9 (1913 U.S. Amateur – 1924 U.S. Amateur)
  • Longest streak of top-10s – 3 (1921 U.S. Amateur – 1923 The Amateur Championship, 1923 U.S. Amateur – 1925 U.S. Open)

U.S. national team appearances

[edit]

Amateur

  • Walker Cup: 1922 (winners), 1923 (winners), 1924 (winners), 1926 (winners), 1928 (winners), 1930 (winners), 1932 (winners, playing captain), 1934 (winners, playing captain), 1936 (winners, playing captain), 1938 (non-playing captain), 1947 (winners, non-playing captain), 1949 (winners, non-playing captain)

Further reading

[edit]
  • Gibson, Nevin H. The Encyclopedia of Golf (A.S. Barnes & Company, 1958)
  • Frost, Mark The Greatest Game Ever Played: Harry Vardon, Francis Ouimet, and the Birth of Modern Golf (Hyperion, 2002)

References

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Kelley, Brent. "Francis Ouimet Biography: The Amateur Who Energized American Golf". About.com. Archived from the original on November 12, 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
  2. ^ Duca, Rob. "America's triumph: Remembering a legend". Cape Cod Times. Archived from the original on December 15, 2000. Retrieved December 12, 2007.
  3. ^ a b "Brookline Amateur Wins U.S. Open". Mass Moments. September 19, 1913.
  4. ^ a b Frost, Mark (November 1, 2002). The Greatest Game Ever Played: Harry Vardon, Francis Ouimet, and the Birth of Modern Golf. Hyperion. ISBN 9780786869206.[permanent dead link‍]
  5. ^ "Ouimet, Francis D." HickokSports.com. Archived from the original (Sports Biography) on June 7, 2009.
  6. ^ "Ouimet Ties Great English Golfers. Twenty-Year-Old Schoolboy's Wonderful Performance in National Open Golf". The New York Times. September 20, 1913. Retrieved January 2, 2011. An American youth, Francis Ouimet, a stripling scarcely out of his teens, carved a niche for himself in international sporting history here to-day when he tied with England's famous professional golfers, Harry Vardon and Edward Ray, in the final round of the national open championship.
  7. ^ "Ouimet, Francis DeSales | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved July 22, 2024.
  8. ^ "Ouimet's Aged Mother Is Happy, But His Health Is First Thought. New Golf Champion's 70-Year-Old Parent Hopeful That Her Son Did Not Tax His Strength--Tells How He Swang at Stones With Home-Made Clubs at 4". The New York Times. September 6, 1931. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  9. ^ Barkow, Al (January 1, 1986). Gettin' to the Dance Floor: An Oral History of American Golf. Atheneum Books. ISBN 978-0689115172.
  10. ^ "Marblehead's Lynch tabbed for prestigious award". North Shore Golf Blog. April 10, 2010. Archived from the original on April 2, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
  11. ^ Scott catalog # 2377.
  12. ^ "The Story Behind Greensides Road Names". The Heritage Portal. October 30, 2013. Archived from the original on April 29, 2015.
  13. ^ Leach, Henry (December 22, 1917). "The Golfer's Progress". The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News. p. 504. hdl:2027/nyp.33433104892223.
  14. ^ "Francis Ouimet Marries". The New York Times. September 12, 1918. Retrieved January 3, 2011. Lieutenant Francis Ouimet, former amateur national golf champion, and Stella Sullivan were married in Boston
  15. ^ "Francis Ouimet, Golfer, Is Dead; First Amateur to Win U.S. Open; Gardener's Son Who Won in 1913 Showed Sport Wasn't Only for the Affluent". The New York Times. United Press International. September 2, 1967. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
  16. ^ "Francis Ouimet". PGA Tour. Retrieved December 17, 2024.

General references

[edit]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Francis Ouimet.
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