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{{Short description|Athens-based Middle East construction company}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
|name = Consolidated Contractors Company
| name = Consolidated Contractors Company
|logo = Consolidated Contractors Company Logo.svg
| logo = Consolidated Contractors Company Logo.svg
|type = [[Private company|Private]]
| type = [[Private company|Private]]
|slogan =
| slogan =
|foundation = 1952
| foundation = 1952
|industry = Oil and gas; heavy civil engineering; air, water, and effluent systems
| industry = Oil and gas; heavy civil engineering; air, water, and effluent systems
|location = [[Athens]], [[Greece]]
| location = [[Athens]], [[Greece]]
|founders = {{Ubl|[[Said Khoury]]|[[Hasib Sabbagh]]}}
| founders = [[Said Khoury]], [[Hasib Sabbagh]]
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| num_employees = 60,000 (2024)
|key_people = Wael Khoury ([[chairman]])
⚫
| revenue = [[United States dollar|US$]]2.32 billion (2023)
⚫
|num_employees = 120,000 (2019)
⚫
| products = [[Construction]], [[engineering]]
⚫
|revenue = [[United States dollar|US$]]7.4 billion (2017)
⚫
| homepage = http://www.ccc.net
⚫
|products = [[Construction]], [[engineering]]
}}
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|homepage = http://www.ccc.gr }}


'''Consolidated Contractors Company''' ('''CCC''') ({{lang-ar|شركة اتحاد المقاولين}}) is the largest construction company in the [[Middle East]] and ranks among the [[Engineering News-Record#ENR rankings|top 25 international contractors]] with a revenue of US$5.3 billion in 2013 and 7.4 billion by 2017.<ref name="ReferenceA">https://www.ccc.net/about/facts-figures/</ref><ref name="ref2">{{cite web|last=Engineering News Record|first=(ENR)|title=The 2011 Top 225 International Contractors|url=http://www.enr.com/ext/resources/static_pages/PDFs/national_toplists/Intl-Contractors/2011-Top_225_International_Contractors.pdf|work=ENR Top Lists|publisher=McGrawHill Construction}}</ref> CCC has offices and projects in over 40 countries, and a workforce of 120,000 employees (2019). In April 2019, CCC was engaged in 40 ongoing projects globally.<ref name="ccc.net">https://www.ccc.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/article-hse-award.pdf</ref> The majority of its sales (some 80%) are in the Middle East.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
'''Consolidated Contractors Company''' ('''CCC''') ({{langx|ar|شركة اتحاد المقاولين}}) is the largest construction company in the [[Middle East]] and ranks among the [[Engineering News-Record#ENR rankings|top 25 international contractors]] with a revenue of US$5.3 billion in 2013 and 1.872 billion by 2020.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web | url=https://www.ccc.net/about/facts-figures/ | title=Facts & Figures }}</ref><ref name="ref2">{{cite web|last=Engineering News Record|first=(ENR)|title=The 2011 Top 225 International Contractors|url=http://www.enr.com/ext/resources/static_pages/PDFs/national_toplists/Intl-Contractors/2011-Top_225_International_Contractors.pdf|work=ENR Top Lists|publisher=McGraw Hill Construction}}</ref> CCC has offices and projects in over 40 countries, and in 2023 had a workforce of 36,000 employees. In April 2019, CCC was engaged in 40 ongoing projects globally.<ref name="ccc.net">https://www.ccc.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/article-hse-award.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> The majority of its sales (some 80%) are in the Middle East.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>


Founded in 1952, this privately held company "offers commercial project management, engineering, procurement, and construction services", according to Bloomberg.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=325629612|title=Consolidated Contractors International Company SAL: Private Company Information – Bloomberg|website=www.bloomberg.com|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> The company's own publications discuss "construction, engineering, procurement, development and investment activities internationally"<ref name="linkedin.com">https://www.linkedin.com/company/consolidated-contractors-international-company/about/</ref>
Founded in 1952, this privately held company "offers commercial project management, engineering, procurement, and construction services", according to Bloomberg.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=325629612|title=Consolidated Contractors International Company SAL: Private Company Information – Bloomberg|website=www.bloomberg.com|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> The company's own publications discuss "construction, engineering, procurement, development and investment activities internationally"<ref name="linkedin.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.linkedin.com/company/consolidated-contractors-international-company/about/ |title=Consolidated Contractors Company |website=[[LinkedIn]]}}</ref>
in areas from the Middle East to Africa, Australia and Papua New Guinea.<ref>https://www.ccc.net/expertise/</ref>
in areas from the Middle East to Africa, Australia and Papua New Guinea.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ccc.net/expertise/ | title=Expertise }}</ref>


==History==
==History==
In the summer of 1941, after having graduated from [[American University in Beirut]], [[Hasib Sabbagh]], one of the founders of CCC, returned to [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] to find a job. After a number of disappointing job offers, he decided to start his own business and went to [[Beirut]] in spring 1948, where a number of his brothers and sisters had already sought refuge due to the [[Arab-Israeli War of 1948|Arab- Israeli war]]. Hasib set up his own company with his brother-in-law [[Said Khoury]] and some other businessmen from Syria and Lebanon, and called it Consolidated Contractors Company.
In the summer of 1941, after having graduated from [[American University in Beirut]], [[Hasib Sabbagh]], one of the founders of CCC, returned to [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] to find a job. After a number of disappointing job offers, he decided to start his own business and went to [[Beirut]] in spring 1948, where a number of his brothers and sisters had already sought refuge due to the [[Arab-Israeli War of 1948|Arab- Israeli war]]. Hasib set up his own company with his brother-in-law [[Said Khoury]] and some other businessmen from Syria and Lebanon, and called it Consolidated Contractors Company.


The company's first headquarters was in [[Homs]], Syria, but later moved to [[Beirut]], where Hasib Sabbagh, Said Khoury, and Kamel Abedelrahman, the founders, became the sole owners of CCC to create and Arab construction company.<ref>https://www.ccc.net/about/values-philosophy/</ref> In 1950, CCC won a large contract to build pipelines from [[Kirkuk]] in Iraq, to [[Banyas]] in Syria, and Tripoli in Lebanon. In 1952, CCC was able to obtain another major contract for a [[Bechtel]]-Wimpey joint venture, this time in [[Aden]], to build a major refinery and a camp for workers. A year later, CCC won projects in the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Qatar. In 1973, CCC set up the National Petroleum Construction Company in Abu Dhabi to provide offshore services to the oil and gas industries in all the countries of the [[Persian Gulf]]. Today NPCC has an annual revenue of over US$800 million<ref name="r1">{{cite web|url=http://www.ccc.me/revenue.php|title=Consolidated Contractors Company|work=ccc.me}}</ref>
The company's first headquarters was in [[Homs]], Syria, but later moved to [[Beirut]], where Hasib Sabbagh, Said Khoury, and Kamel Abedelrahman, the founders, became the sole owners of CCC to create an Arab construction company.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ccc.net/about/values-philosophy/ | title=Our Values & Philosophy }}</ref> In 1950, CCC won a large contract to build pipelines from [[Kirkuk]] in Iraq, to [[Baniyas|Banyas]] in Syria, and Tripoli in Lebanon. In 1952, CCC was able to obtain another major contract for a [[Bechtel]]-Wimpey joint venture, this time in [[Aden]], to build a major refinery and a camp for workers. A year later, CCC won projects in the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Qatar. In 1973, CCC set up the National Petroleum Construction Company in Abu Dhabi to provide offshore services to the oil and gas industries in all the countries of the [[Persian Gulf]]. Today NPCC has an annual revenue of over US$800 million<ref name="r1">{{cite web|url=http://www.ccc.me/revenue.php|title=Consolidated Contractors Company|work=ccc.me}}</ref>


In 1975, when the [[Lebanese Civil War|civil war]] broke out in Lebanon, CCC moved its headquarters first to London and then to Athens in 1976. In the same year, Abd al-Rahman decided to sell his shares in CCC to Sabbagh and Khoury. In the 1980s, CCC was restructured and the CCC owners aimed at expanding the company's operations into Europe, the United States, and Asia. CCC bought Underwater Engineering,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cccuwe.ae|title=CCC (Underwater Engineering) S.A.L.|work=cccuwe.ae}}</ref> a British firm that worked on underwater oil projects, and ACWa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.acwa.co.uk|title=Homepage – ACWA|work=acwa.co.uk}}</ref> an environmental company. CCC also bought SICON, an Italian mechanical engineering company specializing in petroleum-related projects.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.siconoil.it|title=Sicon Oil & Gas|work=siconoil.it}}</ref> They then acquired the Morganti Group, a construction firm in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.morganti.com/home.shtml|title=Welcome to Morganti|work=morganti.com|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130707064455/http://www.morganti.com/home.shtml|archivedate=2013-07-07}}</ref>
In 1975, when the [[Lebanese Civil War|civil war]] broke out in Lebanon, CCC moved its headquarters first to London and then to Athens in 1976. In the same year, Abd al-Rahman decided to sell his shares in CCC to Sabbagh and Khoury. In the 1980s, CCC was restructured and the CCC owners aimed at expanding the company's operations into Europe, the United States, and Asia. CCC bought Underwater Engineering,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cccuwe.ae|title=CCC (Underwater Engineering) S.A.L.|work=cccuwe.ae}}</ref> a British firm that worked on underwater oil projects, and ACWa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.acwa.co.uk|title=Homepage – ACWA|work=acwa.co.uk}}</ref> an environmental company. CCC also bought SICON, an Italian mechanical engineering company specializing in petroleum-related projects.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.siconoil.it|title=Sicon Oil & Gas|work=siconoil.it}}</ref> They then acquired the Morganti Group, a construction firm in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.morganti.com/home.shtml|title=Welcome to Morganti|work=morganti.com|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130707064455/http://www.morganti.com/home.shtml|archivedate=2013-07-07}}</ref>
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The [[Iraqi invasion of Kuwait]] in August 1990 dealt a heavy blow to CCC's operations in the Persian Gulf region. The company had to move all of its employees out of Kuwait and close down its business operations there. However, by the mid-1990s, CCC emerged again as a thriving company after having navigated successfully the economic and political downturns of the early 1990s growing into the versatile and diversified large international construction company it is today.<ref name="ref3">[http://www.hasibsabbagh.com/HasibBioContProfessional.html The Official Site for Hasib Sabbagh] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808004625/http://www.hasibsabbagh.com/HasibBioContProfessional.html |date=2014-08-08 }}, Retrieved 11 March 2012</ref>
The [[Iraqi invasion of Kuwait]] in August 1990 dealt a heavy blow to CCC's operations in the Persian Gulf region. The company had to move all of its employees out of Kuwait and close down its business operations there. However, by the mid-1990s, CCC emerged again as a thriving company after having navigated successfully the economic and political downturns of the early 1990s growing into the versatile and diversified large international construction company it is today.<ref name="ref3">[http://www.hasibsabbagh.com/HasibBioContProfessional.html The Official Site for Hasib Sabbagh] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808004625/http://www.hasibsabbagh.com/HasibBioContProfessional.html |date=2014-08-08 }}, Retrieved 11 March 2012</ref>


In 2019, CCC specializes in<ref name="linkedin.com"/><blockquote> "Heavy Civil Construction, Buildings and Civil Engineering Works, Mechanical Engineering Works, Heavy and Light Industrial Plants, Marine Works, Offshore Installations, Highways, roads and airports, and Pipelines for water, gas, oil and slurry".</blockquote>
In 2019, CCC specializes in<ref name="linkedin.com"/><blockquote>Heavy Civil Construction, Buildings and Civil Engineering Works, Mechanical Engineering Works, Heavy and Light Industrial Plants, Marine Works, Offshore Installations, Highways, roads and airports, and Pipelines for water, gas, oil and slurry.</blockquote>


==Notable projects==
==Notable projects==


CCC has a portfolio that includes [[oil plant|oil]] and [[Natural-gas processing|gas plants]], [[refineries]] and petrochemical facilities, [[Pipeline transport|pipelines]], power and [[desalination plants]], light industries, water and [[sewage treatment plants]], airports and seaports, heavy civil works, dams, reservoirs and distribution systems, [[road network]]s and [[skyscrapers]].<ref name="emirates.tpg-media.com">{{cite web |url=http://emirates.tpg-media.com/2011/celebrating-60-years-of-quality-and-service/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-09-22 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821205611/http://emirates.tpg-media.com/2011/celebrating-60-years-of-quality-and-service/ |archivedate=2014-08-21 }}</ref>
CCC has a portfolio that includes [[oil plant|oil]] and [[Natural-gas processing|gas plants]], [[refineries]] and petrochemical facilities, [[Pipeline transport|pipelines]], power and [[desalination plants]], light industries, water and [[sewage treatment plants]], airports and seaports, heavy civil works, dams, reservoirs and distribution systems, [[road network]]s and [[skyscrapers]].<ref name="emirates.tpg-media.com">{{cite web |url=http://emirates.tpg-media.com/2011/celebrating-60-years-of-quality-and-service/ |title=Celebrating 60 Years of Quality and Service « Emirates Projects &#124; the Construction Magazine with a Difference |accessdate=2014-09-22 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821205611/http://emirates.tpg-media.com/2011/celebrating-60-years-of-quality-and-service/ |archivedate=2014-08-21 }}</ref>


CCC is constructing the [[Riyadh metro]]<ref name="railway-technology.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.railway-technology.com/projects/-riyadh-metro-saudi-arabia/|title=Riyadh Metro – Railway Technology|work=railway-technology.com}}</ref>
CCC constructed the Azerbaijani section of The [[Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.middleeastexplorer.com/Turkey/Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan-pipeline|title=Welcome middleeastexplorer.com – BlueHost.com|work=middleeastexplorer.com}}</ref> The pipeline is a {{convert|1768|km|mi}} long [[petroleum|crude oil]] pipeline from the [[Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli]] [[oil field]] in the [[Caspian Sea]] to the [[Mediterranean Sea]]. It connects [[Baku]], the capital of [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Ceyhan]], a port on the south-eastern Mediterranean coast of [[Turkey]], via [[Tbilisi]], the capital of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. It is the second-longest [[Pipeline transport|oil pipeline]] in the former Soviet Union, after the [[Druzhba pipeline]]. CCC's scope included [[engineering]], [[procurement]], installation, [[construction]] and commissioning of 886&nbsp;km crude oil and gas pipeline.<!-- please don't change to 2005; 2006 is correct year --><ref name=edm310505>
CCC constructed the Azerbaijani section of The [[Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.middleeastexplorer.com/Turkey/Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan-pipeline|title=Welcome middleeastexplorer.com – BlueHost.com|work=middleeastexplorer.com}}</ref> The pipeline is a {{convert|1768|km|mi}} long [[petroleum|crude oil]] pipeline from the [[Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli]] [[oil field]] in the [[Caspian Sea]] to the [[Mediterranean Sea]]. It connects [[Baku]], the capital of [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Ceyhan]], a port on the south-eastern Mediterranean coast of [[Turkey]], via [[Tbilisi]], the capital of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. It is the second-longest [[Pipeline transport|oil pipeline]] in the former Soviet Union, after the [[Druzhba pipeline]]. CCC's scope included [[engineering]], [[procurement]], installation, [[construction]] and commissioning of 886&nbsp;km crude oil and gas pipeline.<!-- please don't change to 2005; 2006 is correct year --><ref name=edm310505>
{{cite news
{{cite news
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CCC built the $1-billion [[Presidential Palace, Abu Dhabi|Presidential Palace]] in [[Abu Dhabi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ccmm.qc.ca/documents/presentations/2011_2012/12_06_19_CCC%2014%20june%202012.pdf|title=CCMM|publisher=|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> The palace houses the offices of the president, the [[Crown Prince]], and [[minister (government)|minister]]s. It is set on a 1,500,000 sq m including the palace, which will be 160,000 sq m. The ancillary buildings, over a site of 23,000 sqm, includes a public [[majlis]], a [[mosque]], staff and military accommodations, a services compound, and various [[gatehouse]]s and [[watchtowers]]. The project also includes 2000m of six-metre [[seawall]] and 4 million cubic metres of [[dredging]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-9120-ccc-wins-abu-dhabi-presidential-palace-contract/|title=CCC wins Abu Dhabi presidential palace contract|author=Ben Roberts|work=constructionweekonline.com}}</ref>
CCC built the $1-billion [[Presidential Palace, Abu Dhabi|Presidential Palace]] in [[Abu Dhabi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ccmm.qc.ca/documents/presentations/2011_2012/12_06_19_CCC%2014%20june%202012.pdf|title=CCMM|publisher=|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> The palace houses the offices of the president, the [[Crown Prince]], and [[minister (government)|minister]]s. It is set on a 1,500,000 sq m including the palace, which will be 160,000 sq m. The ancillary buildings, over a site of 23,000 sqm, includes a public [[majlis]], a [[mosque]], staff and military accommodations, a services compound, and various [[gatehouse]]s and [[watchtowers]]. The project also includes 2000m of six-metre [[seawall]] and 4 million cubic metres of [[dredging]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-9120-ccc-wins-abu-dhabi-presidential-palace-contract/|title=CCC wins Abu Dhabi presidential palace contract|author=Ben Roberts|work=constructionweekonline.com|date=3 August 2010 }}</ref>


CCC is now constructing in a joint venture the [[Riyadh metro]]<ref name="railway-technology.com"/>
CCC is constructing in a joint venture the [[Riyadh metro]].<ref name="railway-technology.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.railway-technology.com/projects/-riyadh-metro-saudi-arabia/|title=Riyadh Metro – Railway Technology|work=railway-technology.com}}</ref>


A [[joint venture]] between CCC and [[Saipem]] constructed the main works at the [[Karachaganak field]] in western [[Kazakhstan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/karachaganak/|title=Karachaganak Gas Condensate Field – Hydrocarbons Technology|work=hydrocarbons-technology.com}}</ref> The projects' s value was about 1.1 billion dollars.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ccc.me/pdf/bulletins/bulletin74.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201113/http://www.ccc.me/pdf/bulletins/bulletin74.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The contract covered civil works, [[infrastructures]] and mechanical works related to a production unit and [[gas reinjection]] facilities, a gas process plant and a 635&nbsp;km x 24" [[Pipeline transport|pipeline]] with a [[pumping station]] and terminal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ogj.com/articles/2000/10/karachaganak-operator-awards-main-works-contract.html|title=Karachaganak operator awards main works contract|work=ogj.com}}</ref>
A [[joint venture]] between CCC and [[Saipem]] constructed the main works at the [[Karachaganak field]] in western [[Kazakhstan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/karachaganak/|title=Karachaganak Gas Condensate Field – Hydrocarbons Technology|work=hydrocarbons-technology.com}}</ref> The projects' s value was about 1.1 billion dollars.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ccc.me/pdf/bulletins/bulletin74.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201113/http://www.ccc.me/pdf/bulletins/bulletin74.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The contract covered civil works, [[infrastructures]] and mechanical works related to a production unit and [[gas reinjection]] facilities, a gas process plant and a 635&nbsp;km x 24" [[Pipeline transport|pipeline]] with a [[pumping station]] and terminal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ogj.com/articles/2000/10/karachaganak-operator-awards-main-works-contract.html|title=Karachaganak operator awards main works contract|work=ogj.com|date=9 October 2000 }}</ref>


In Abu Dhabi, CCC contributed to the construction of the Offshore Associated Gas Project,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ccel.ae/project/epc-projects.html|title=CHIYODA CCC ENGINEERING LTD|work=ccel.ae}}</ref> and [[Habshan]] Facilities, and the largest [[ethylene]] cracker in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.borouge.com/MediaCentre/Lists/News/DispformCustom.aspx?id=86|title=News – Borouge and Linde/ Consolidated Contractors...|website=www.borouge.com|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> The ongoing projects are [[The Landmark (Abu Dhabi)]], once completed in 2011, the development will be the second highest tower in Abu Dhabi (324 m);<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/projects-50-landmark-tower-in-abu-dhabi/|title=Landmark Tower in Abu Dhabi – Construction Projects – ConstructionWeekOnline.com|work=constructionweekonline.com}}</ref> [[Khalifa Port]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emirates247.com/business/economy-finance/adpc-awards-dh484-6-m-port-project-contract-2010-10-03-1.298615|title=ADPC awards Dh484.6 m port project contract|author=WAM|work=Emirates 24-7}}</ref> Shah Sulfur Station & Pipelines;
In Abu Dhabi, CCC contributed to the construction of the Offshore Associated Gas Project,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ccel.ae/project/epc-projects.html|title=CHIYODA CCC ENGINEERING LTD|work=ccel.ae|access-date=2014-10-16|archive-date=2014-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019085220/http://ccel.ae/project/epc-projects.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Habshan]] Facilities, and the largest [[ethylene]] cracker in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.borouge.com/MediaCentre/Lists/News/DispformCustom.aspx?id=86|title=News – Borouge and Linde/ Consolidated Contractors...|website=www.borouge.com|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> The [[The Landmark (Abu Dhabi)|Landmark]] project in [[Abu Dhabi]], completed in 2011, was the second highest tower in Abu Dhabi (324 m);<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/projects-50-landmark-tower-in-abu-dhabi/|title=Landmark Tower in Abu Dhabi – Construction Projects – ConstructionWeekOnline.com|work=constructionweekonline.com}}</ref> and the company also worked on [[Khalifa Port]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emirates247.com/business/economy-finance/adpc-awards-dh484-6-m-port-project-contract-2010-10-03-1.298615|title=ADPC awards Dh484.6 m port project contract|author=WAM|work=Emirates 24-7|date=3 October 2010 }}</ref> Shah Sulfur Station & Pipelines.


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Elsewhere in the Persian Gulf, CCC has been working on a number of major projects in Qatar, including: Khursaniyah Producing Facilities & Gas Plants in [[Saudi Arabia]]’s Eastern Province.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ccc.me/pdf/bulletins/bulletin81.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140801120559/http://www.ccc.me/pdf/bulletins/bulletin81.pdf |archive-date=2014-08-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Khalifa Sports Hall, Doha, Qatar. This new sports hall is the world’s largest air-conditioned indoor facility of its kind.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gulfconstructionworldwide.com/news/4921_CCC-clinches-sports-city-deal.html|title=Gulf Construction Online – CCC clinches sports city deal|work=gulfconstructionworldwide.com}}</ref>
Elsewhere in the Persian Gulf, CCC has been working on a number of major projects in Qatar, including:
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Khursaniyah Producing Facilities & Gas Plants in [[Saudi Arabia]]’s Eastern Province.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ccc.me/pdf/bulletins/bulletin81.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140801120559/http://www.ccc.me/pdf/bulletins/bulletin81.pdf |archive-date=2014-08-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Khalifa Sports Hall, Doha, Qatar. This new sports hall is the world’s largest air-conditioned indoor facility of its kind.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gulfconstructionworldwide.com/news/4921_CCC-clinches-sports-city-deal.html|title=Gulf Construction Online – CCC clinches sports city deal|work=gulfconstructionworldwide.com}}</ref>


CCC also built the Nile Corniche Project in Cairo: One of the largest construction projects in Egypt<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.putzmeister.com/web/europe|title=Putzmeister – Europe – EUROPA|website=www.putzmeister.com|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> and the [[Ritz Carlton]] hotel in [[Doha]]
CCC also built the Nile Corniche Project in Cairo: One of the largest construction projects in Egypt<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.putzmeister.com/web/europe|title=Putzmeister – Europe – EUROPA|website=www.putzmeister.com|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> and the [[Ritz Carlton]] hotel in [[Doha]].


The [[Bethlehem Convention Palace]] is a joint investment of CCC and the Palestine Investment Fund. The site<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.travelujah.com/trending-now/discover-murad-castle-museum-solomon-pools |title=DISCOVER MURAD CASTLE MUSEUM OF THE SOLOMON POOLS |date=3 May 2017 |publisher=Travelujah|access-date=14 May 2019 |quote=The Murad Castle Museum features over 1500 precious artifacts representing many chapters of the Palestinian history. The impressive display shows various handicrafts, amulets, pottery and more. Part of a Roman Aqueduct is also displayed in the museum. In addition, a unique collection of archeological items was offered by the Palestinian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities.}}</ref> includes the three historic [[Solomon's Pools]],
The [[Bethlehem Convention Palace]] is a joint investment of CCC and the Palestine Investment Fund. The site<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.travelujah.com/trending-now/discover-murad-castle-museum-solomon-pools |title=DISCOVER MURAD CASTLE MUSEUM OF THE SOLOMON POOLS |date=3 May 2017 |publisher=Travelujah|access-date=14 May 2019 |quote=The Murad Castle Museum features over 1500 precious artifacts representing many chapters of the Palestinian history. The impressive display shows various handicrafts, amulets, pottery and more. Part of a Roman Aqueduct is also displayed in the museum. In addition, a unique collection of archeological items was offered by the Palestinian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities.}}</ref> includes the three historic [[Solomon's Pools]],
Murad Castle (or Burâk Castle) housing the Castle Museum, an amphitheater that can host nearly 1,500 people,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yabous.ps/property/1496496491|title=The Convention Palace|website=www.yabous.ps|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> the Handicraft Center traditional bazaar and a natural heritage forest.<ref>https://ca.linkedin.com/company/convention-palace-company---cpc{{Dead link|date=November 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>http://www.travelpalestine.ps/en/article/112/The-Murad-Castle-Museum</ref> The General Manager of the site is George N Bassous, who is also a Board Vice President at CCC.<ref>https://www.linkedin.com/in/george-n-bassous-6231585b</ref>
Murad Castle (or Burâk Castle) housing the Castle Museum, an amphitheater that can host nearly 1,500 people,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yabous.ps/property/1496496491|title=The Convention Palace|website=www.yabous.ps|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> the Handicraft Center traditional bazaar and a natural heritage forest.<ref name="ca.linkedin.com">https://ca.linkedin.com/company/convention-palace-company---cpc{{Dead link|date=November 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="The Murad Castle Museum">{{Cite web|url=http://www.travelpalestine.ps/en/article/112/The-Murad-Castle-Museum|title = The Murad Castle Museum}}</ref> The General Manager of the site is George N Bassous, who is also a Board Vice President at CCC.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/george-n-bassous-6231585b |title=The Convention Palace|website=www.yabous.ps|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> the Handicraft Center traditional bazaar and a natural heritage forest.<ref name="ca.linkedin.com"/><ref name="The Murad Castle Museum"/>


==Major projects==
==Major projects==
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CCC has completed the construction of the largest [[gas to liquids]] (GTL) project in the World. The Qatargas 3 & 4 LNG Plant, [[LNG train|Trains]] 6 & 7 in Qatar; the largest LNG Trains in the world at 7.82 MTPA. With these two trains completed, CCC can proudly announce that it is the most experienced worldwide [[liquified natural gas]] (LNG) construction contractor, having achieved the completion of 17 LNG Trains with a total capacity of 82 MTPA, equivalent to 30% of all LNG facilities in the world.<ref name="emirates.tpg-media.com"/>
CCC has completed the construction of the largest [[gas to liquids]] (GTL) project in the World. The Qatargas 3 & 4 LNG Plant, [[LNG train|Trains]] 6 & 7 in Qatar; the largest LNG Trains in the world at 7.82 MTPA. With these two trains completed, CCC can proudly announce that it is the most experienced worldwide [[liquified natural gas]] (LNG) construction contractor, having achieved the completion of 17 LNG Trains with a total capacity of 82 MTPA, equivalent to 30% of all LNG facilities in the world.<ref name="emirates.tpg-media.com"/>


[[The Dubai Mall]] which was constructed by CCC is the largest shopping center in the world. The project comprised a 515,000 m² mall area, which is about the size of 50 soccer fields, a 550,000 m² car parking area, and a district cooling plant building of 42,000 refrigeration tons.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.designbuild-network.com/projects/burj/|title=Burj Khalifa (Burj Dubai) – Design Build Network|work=designbuild-network.com}}</ref> The Mall features 1,200 stores and also boasts The Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo, the Olympic-sized Dubai Ice Rink, children’s "edutainment" concept Kidzania and a massive indoor cinema complex.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.visitdubai.com/en/pois/dubai-mall|title=The Dubai Mall – Largest Shoping Mall in Dubai – Visit Dubai|website=www.visitdubai.com|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> The Aquarium includes a 270 degree walk through tunnel and the world's largest viewing window. The Dubai Aquarium and Discovery Center clinched the Guinness World Record for the World's Largest Acrylic Panel, measuring 32.88 meters wide × 8.3 m high x 750&nbsp;mm thick, and weighing 245,614&nbsp;kg.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedubaiaquarium.com/en/Default.aspx|title=Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo – The Dubai Mall|work=thedubaiaquarium.com}}</ref>
[[The Dubai Mall]] which was constructed by CCC is the largest shopping center in the world. The project comprised a 515,000 m² mall area, which is about the size of 50 soccer fields, a 550,000 m² car parking area, and a district cooling plant building of 42,000 refrigeration tons.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.designbuild-network.com/projects/burj/|title=Burj Khalifa (Burj Dubai) – Design Build Network|work=designbuild-network.com}}</ref> The Mall features 1,200 stores and also boasts The Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo, the Olympic-sized Dubai Ice Rink, children’s "edutainment" concept Kidzania and a massive indoor cinema complex.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.visitdubai.com/en/pois/dubai-mall|title=The Dubai Mall – Largest Shoping Mall in Dubai – Visit Dubai|website=www.visitdubai.com|accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> The Aquarium includes a 270 degree walk through tunnel and the world's largest viewing window. The Dubai Aquarium and Discovery Center clinched the Guinness World Record for the World's Largest Acrylic Panel, measuring 32.88 meters wide × 8.3 m high x 750&nbsp;mm thick, and weighing 245,614&nbsp;kg.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedubaiaquarium.com/en/Default.aspx|title=Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo – The Dubai Mall|work=thedubaiaquarium.com}}</ref>


[[Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University]] (site works infrastructure & utility plant) is one of the ten largest universities in the world and is the largest women-only university in the world. It is the first green campus in Saudi Arabia. The 8,000,000 sq m comprises academic buildings, administration buildings, a hospital, research centers, staff and student housing, schools, sports facilities, plant and utility buildings and a 5&nbsp;km long utility tunnel. The university can accommodate up to 40,000 students and 4,000 employees.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pnuproject.com|title=Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman University|work=pnuproject.com}}</ref>
[[Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University]] (site works infrastructure & utility plant) is one of the ten largest universities in the world and is the largest women-only university in the world. It is the first green campus in Saudi Arabia. The 8,000,000 sq m comprises academic buildings, administration buildings, a hospital, research centers, staff and student housing, schools, sports facilities, plant and utility buildings and a 5&nbsp;km long utility tunnel. The university can accommodate up to 40,000 students and 4,000 employees.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pnuproject.com|title=Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman University|work=pnuproject.com}}</ref>
Line 87: Line 86:
The Midfield Terminal of the [[Abu Dhabi International Airport]], a US$3.2 billion project, was awarded to the joint venture of CCC, TAV and [[Arabtec]]. The 700,000 m<sup>2</sup> Midfield Terminal building is one of the largest airport projects ever conceived and will more than double passenger capacity at Abu Dhabi International Airport to 47 million people, in line with passenger projections up until at least 2030.<ref name="ref6">[http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-16778-arabtec-tav-ccc-wins-midfield-terminal-contract/ "Arabtec-TAV-CCC wins Midfield Terminal contract"] ''ConstructionWeekOnline.com''. Retrieved 16 July 2012.</ref>
The Midfield Terminal of the [[Abu Dhabi International Airport]], a US$3.2 billion project, was awarded to the joint venture of CCC, TAV and [[Arabtec]]. The 700,000 m<sup>2</sup> Midfield Terminal building is one of the largest airport projects ever conceived and will more than double passenger capacity at Abu Dhabi International Airport to 47 million people, in line with passenger projections up until at least 2030.<ref name="ref6">[http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-16778-arabtec-tav-ccc-wins-midfield-terminal-contract/ "Arabtec-TAV-CCC wins Midfield Terminal contract"] ''ConstructionWeekOnline.com''. Retrieved 16 July 2012.</ref>


The [[Muscat International Airport]] expansion is a multi-million US dollar project (2009–2014) that will increase the airport's capacity by 12 million passengers per year. The joint venture between CCC and Turkey's TAV was awarded the US$1.3 billion<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-27759-top-10-airports-under-construction-in-the-gcc/1/print/|title=Top 10 airports under construction in the GCC|work=constructionweekonline.com}}</ref> contract to carry out all the [[civil works]]. This includes construction of a new [[airfield]] (northern runway and all associate taxiways); refurbishment of the existing airfield; all utility works, construction of utility buildings and substations; airside and landside road system including [[bridge]]s and [[interchange (road)|interchanges]]; [[drainage works]]; and soft and hard [[landscaping]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arabianindustry.com/construction/features/2014/may/11/site-visit-muscat-international-airport-4693026/?artpno=1#.VBDKHFYVduY|title=Muscat International Airport expansion: Important step forward for Oman's growth|work=ArabianIndustry.com}}</ref> CCC also constructed the six-lane flyover bridge linking the New Muscat Airport to 18 November Street.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bncnetwork.net/Project/Muscat_Airport_Interchange/CkojuZxsa0w=|title=Construction Projects and Tenders – Muscat Airport Interchange, Muscat, Oman|work=bncnetwork.net}}</ref>
The [[Muscat International Airport]] expansion is a multi-million US dollar project (2009–2014) that will increase the airport's capacity by 12 million passengers per year. The joint venture between CCC and Turkey's TAV was awarded the US$1.3 billion<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-27759-top-10-airports-under-construction-in-the-gcc/1/print/|title=Top 10 airports under construction in the GCC|work=constructionweekonline.com|date=26 April 2014 }}</ref> contract to carry out all the [[civil works]]. This includes construction of a new [[airfield]] (northern runway and all associate taxiways); refurbishment of the existing airfield; all utility works, construction of utility buildings and substations; airside and landside road system including [[bridge]]s and [[interchange (road)|interchanges]]; [[drainage|drainage works]]; and soft and hard [[landscaping]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arabianindustry.com/construction/features/2014/may/11/site-visit-muscat-international-airport-4693026/?artpno=1#.VBDKHFYVduY|title=Muscat International Airport expansion: Important step forward for Oman's growth|work=ArabianIndustry.com}}</ref> CCC also constructed the six-lane flyover bridge linking the New Muscat Airport to 18 November Street.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bncnetwork.net/Project/Muscat_Airport_Interchange/CkojuZxsa0w=|title=Construction Projects and Tenders – Muscat Airport Interchange, Muscat, Oman|work=bncnetwork.net}}</ref>


CCC was heavily involved in the construction of the new the [[Hamad International Airport]] in Qatar. Across several packages, CCC's scope entailed the [[air traffic control tower]] and its support facilities, midfield area access system, midfield telecommunication building, [[fire stations]], administrative building blocks, the medical center and employee village, the general aviation hangar and the solid waste handling facility.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndiaproject.com/main.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050323024411/http://www.ndiaproject.com/main.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2005-03-23|title=NDIA|work=ndiaproject.com}}</ref>
CCC was heavily involved in the construction of the new the [[Hamad International Airport]] in Qatar. Across several packages, CCC's scope entailed the [[air traffic control tower]] and its support facilities, midfield area access system, midfield telecommunication building, [[fire stations]], administrative building blocks, the medical center and employee village, the general aviation hangar and the solid waste handling facility.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndiaproject.com/main.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050323024411/http://www.ndiaproject.com/main.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2005-03-23|title=NDIA|work=ndiaproject.com}}</ref>


A joint venture between [[Vinci SA]], CCC, TAV & [[Odebrecht]] was awarded in 2007 the construction of the US$2 billion new [[Tripoli International Airport]] Terminal buildings in [[Libya]]. The two terminals will have a total built area of 325,000 sq m and will accommodate up to 20 million passengers annually.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.odebrechtonline.com.br/materias/01401-01500/1462/|title=Odebrecht Informa Online – A nation in renewal|work=odebrechtonline.com.br|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911194535/http://www.odebrechtonline.com.br/materias/01401-01500/1462/|archivedate=2014-09-11}}</ref> The construction was not hold due to the political instabilities in the region but has now resumed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.routesonline.com/news/37/momberger-airport-information/202877/construction-starts-at-tripolirsquos-new-airport/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-09-11 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911210618/http://www.routesonline.com/news/37/momberger-airport-information/202877/construction-starts-at-tripolirsquos-new-airport/ |archivedate=2014-09-11 }}</ref> CCC is also building the US$500 billion new passenger terminal at the [[Sabha Airport]] in Southern Libya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/libya-to-restructure-air-transport-sector-223823/|title=Libya to restructure air transport sector|author=Reed Business Information Limited|work=flightglobal.com}}</ref>
A joint venture between [[Vinci SA]], CCC, TAV & [[Odebrecht]] was awarded in 2007 the construction of the US$2 billion new [[Tripoli International Airport]] Terminal buildings in [[Libya]]. The two terminals will have a total built area of 325,000 sq m and will accommodate up to 20 million passengers annually.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.odebrechtonline.com.br/materias/01401-01500/1462/|title=Odebrecht Informa Online – A nation in renewal|work=odebrechtonline.com.br|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911194535/http://www.odebrechtonline.com.br/materias/01401-01500/1462/|archivedate=2014-09-11}}</ref> The construction was not hold due to the political instabilities in the region but has now resumed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.routesonline.com/news/37/momberger-airport-information/202877/construction-starts-at-tripolirsquos-new-airport/ |title=Construction starts at Tripoli's new airport :: Routesonline |accessdate=2014-09-11 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911210618/http://www.routesonline.com/news/37/momberger-airport-information/202877/construction-starts-at-tripolirsquos-new-airport/ |archivedate=2014-09-11 }}</ref> CCC is also building the US$500 billion new passenger terminal at the [[Sabha Airport]] in Southern Libya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/libya-to-restructure-air-transport-sector-223823/|title=Libya to restructure air transport sector|author=Reed Business Information Limited|work=flightglobal.com}}</ref>


A joint venture between [[Hoktiff|[[Hochtief]]]] and CCC built the US$490 million [[Rafic Hariri International Airport]] In [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]] between 1994 and 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lebanon.com/construction/beirut/airport.htm|title=Construction @ Lebanon.com - Beirut - Beirut International Airport|work=lebanon.com}}</ref>
A joint venture between [[Hochtief]] and CCC built the US$490 million [[Rafic Hariri International Airport]] In [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]] between 1994 and 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lebanon.com/construction/beirut/airport.htm|title=Construction @ Lebanon.com - Beirut - Beirut International Airport|work=lebanon.com}}</ref>


The Komo Airport and Infrastructure in [[Papua New Guinea]] was construction by the [[McConnell Dowell|McConnell]] and CCC joint venture.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091216124223/http://www.macdow.com.au/news/komo-airfield-png-contract-award]</ref> Located 1,600 meters above sea level, the runway is 3.2 kilometres long and 45 metres wide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cccaus.com.au/projects.php|title=C.C.C. Oceania – Our Projects|work=cccaus.com.au}}</ref> The airfield is designed to specifically accommodate the [[Antonov An-124 Ruslan]] planes. These massive Ukrainian cargo aircraft will bring in large pieces of equipment for the construction of the PNG LNG project's [[Hides gas field]] conditioning plant, which is located 10&nbsp;km away to the northeast of Komo Airfield. The airfield will also be used as a base to fly in workers on [[Bombardier Dash 8]] aircraft to assist future upstream efforts in the wider region.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pngindustrynews.net/storyView.asp?StoryID=9643449|title=PNGIndustryNews.net – A monster airfield|work=pngindustrynews.net|access-date=2014-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911215258/http://www.pngindustrynews.net/storyView.asp?StoryID=9643449|archive-date=2014-09-11|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The Komo Airport and Infrastructure in [[Papua New Guinea]] was construction by the [[McConnell Dowell|McConnell]] and CCC joint venture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.macdow.com.au/news/komo-airfield-png-contract-award|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091216124223/http://www.macdow.com.au/news/komo-airfield-png-contract-award|archive-date = 2009-12-16|title = Komo Airfield, PNG, Contract Award - McConnell Dowell}}</ref> Located 1,600 meters above sea level, the runway is 3.2 kilometres long and 45 metres wide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cccaus.com.au/projects.php|title=C.C.C. Oceania – Our Projects|work=cccaus.com.au}}</ref> The airfield is designed to specifically accommodate the [[Antonov An-124 Ruslan]] planes. These massive Ukrainian cargo aircraft will bring in large pieces of equipment for the construction of the PNG LNG project's [[Hides gas field]] conditioning plant, which is located 10&nbsp;km away to the northeast of Komo Airfield. The airfield will also be used as a base to fly in workers on [[Bombardier Dash 8]] aircraft to assist future upstream efforts in the wider region.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pngindustrynews.net/storyView.asp?StoryID=9643449|title=PNGIndustryNews.net – A monster airfield|work=pngindustrynews.net|access-date=2014-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911215258/http://www.pngindustrynews.net/storyView.asp?StoryID=9643449|archive-date=2014-09-11|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Legal complications==
In March 2008, [[Ambatovy mine|Ambatovy Minerals S.A.]], specializing in the extraction and refining of nickel and cobalt, entered into a contract with CCC for the construction of a 220-kilometer pipeline in Madagascar.<ref>https://www.uncitral.org/docs/clout/CAN/CAN_281116_FT.pdf</ref> This project was part of a large-scale industrial initiative aimed at transporting raw ore extracted from the mountains to the coast for refining. From the outset of the contract's execution, problems arose, necessitating successive amendments to the contract. Despite these adjustments, tensions persisted, leading to an arbitration proceeding in 2012 in Toronto, in accordance with the rules of the International Court of Arbitration.<ref>https://www.mccarthy.ca/en/insights/blogs/international-arbitration-blog/consolidated-contractors-group-v-ambatovy-ontario-court-appeal-reinforces-deference-arbitration</ref>
After more than three years of proceedings, in September 2015, the Court rendered a decision in favor of Ambatovy Minerals S.A., awarding it $25 million compared to only $7 million for CCC, resulting in a net compensation of $18 million in favor of Ambatovy Minerals S.A. CCC contested this decision before the Ontario Court of Appeal, but the appeal was dismissed.<ref>https://www.uncitral.org/docs/clout/CAN/CAN_281116_FT.pdf</ref>
Despite the finality of the decision and Ambatovy Minerals S.A.'s obtaining of an exequatur in Lebanon in 2019, CCC has been reluctant to honor its debt. Numerous attempts at amicable settlement have failed, highlighting CCC's behavior, which seems to disregard not only its contractual commitments but also judicial and arbitral decisions.
This case underscores the challenges in enforcing international arbitral decisions and highlights the behavior of certain companies, which are reluctant to adhere to established rules and fulfill their financial obligations.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:1948 establishments in Lebanon]]
[[Category:1948 establishments in Lebanon]]
[[Category:Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1948]]
[[Category:Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1948]]
[[Category:Companies of the State of Palestine]]

Revision as of 03:51, 19 December 2024

Consolidated Contractors Company
Company typePrivate
IndustryOil and gas; heavy civil engineering; air, water, and effluent systems
Founded1952
FoundersSaid Khoury, Hasib Sabbagh
HeadquartersAthens, Greece
ProductsConstruction, engineering
RevenueUS$2.32 billion (2023)
Number of employees
60,000 (2024)
Websitehttp://www.ccc.net

Consolidated Contractors Company (CCC) (Arabic: شركة اتحاد المقاولين) is the largest construction company in the Middle East and ranks among the top 25 international contractors with a revenue of US$5.3 billion in 2013 and 1.872 billion by 2020.[1][2] CCC has offices and projects in over 40 countries, and in 2023 had a workforce of 36,000 employees. In April 2019, CCC was engaged in 40 ongoing projects globally.[3] The majority of its sales (some 80%) are in the Middle East.[1]

Founded in 1952, this privately held company "offers commercial project management, engineering, procurement, and construction services", according to Bloomberg.[4] The company's own publications discuss "construction, engineering, procurement, development and investment activities internationally"[5] in areas from the Middle East to Africa, Australia and Papua New Guinea.[6]

History

In the summer of 1941, after having graduated from American University in Beirut, Hasib Sabbagh, one of the founders of CCC, returned to Palestine to find a job. After a number of disappointing job offers, he decided to start his own business and went to Beirut in spring 1948, where a number of his brothers and sisters had already sought refuge due to the Arab- Israeli war. Hasib set up his own company with his brother-in-law Said Khoury and some other businessmen from Syria and Lebanon, and called it Consolidated Contractors Company.

The company's first headquarters was in Homs, Syria, but later moved to Beirut, where Hasib Sabbagh, Said Khoury, and Kamel Abedelrahman, the founders, became the sole owners of CCC to create an Arab construction company.[7] In 1950, CCC won a large contract to build pipelines from Kirkuk in Iraq, to Banyas in Syria, and Tripoli in Lebanon. In 1952, CCC was able to obtain another major contract for a Bechtel-Wimpey joint venture, this time in Aden, to build a major refinery and a camp for workers. A year later, CCC won projects in the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Qatar. In 1973, CCC set up the National Petroleum Construction Company in Abu Dhabi to provide offshore services to the oil and gas industries in all the countries of the Persian Gulf. Today NPCC has an annual revenue of over US$800 million[8]

In 1975, when the civil war broke out in Lebanon, CCC moved its headquarters first to London and then to Athens in 1976. In the same year, Abd al-Rahman decided to sell his shares in CCC to Sabbagh and Khoury. In the 1980s, CCC was restructured and the CCC owners aimed at expanding the company's operations into Europe, the United States, and Asia. CCC bought Underwater Engineering,[9] a British firm that worked on underwater oil projects, and ACWa,[10] an environmental company. CCC also bought SICON, an Italian mechanical engineering company specializing in petroleum-related projects.[11] They then acquired the Morganti Group, a construction firm in the United States.[12]

To diversify its projects, CCC started a partnership with Canadian OXY, and won a bid to explore for oil in Masila, South Yemen. Fortunately, oil was found in large quantities. Oil exports from Masila peaked at 170,000 barrels per day.

The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 dealt a heavy blow to CCC's operations in the Persian Gulf region. The company had to move all of its employees out of Kuwait and close down its business operations there. However, by the mid-1990s, CCC emerged again as a thriving company after having navigated successfully the economic and political downturns of the early 1990s growing into the versatile and diversified large international construction company it is today.[13]

In 2019, CCC specializes in[5]

Heavy Civil Construction, Buildings and Civil Engineering Works, Mechanical Engineering Works, Heavy and Light Industrial Plants, Marine Works, Offshore Installations, Highways, roads and airports, and Pipelines for water, gas, oil and slurry.

Notable projects

CCC has a portfolio that includes oil and gas plants, refineries and petrochemical facilities, pipelines, power and desalination plants, light industries, water and sewage treatment plants, airports and seaports, heavy civil works, dams, reservoirs and distribution systems, road networks and skyscrapers.[14]

CCC constructed the Azerbaijani section of The Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline.[15] The pipeline is a 1,768 kilometres (1,099 mi) long crude oil pipeline from the Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli oil field in the Caspian Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. It connects Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan and Ceyhan, a port on the south-eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey, via Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia. It is the second-longest oil pipeline in the former Soviet Union, after the Druzhba pipeline. CCC's scope included engineering, procurement, installation, construction and commissioning of 886 km crude oil and gas pipeline.[16][17]

CCC built the $1-billion Presidential Palace in Abu Dhabi.[18] The palace houses the offices of the president, the Crown Prince, and ministers. It is set on a 1,500,000 sq m including the palace, which will be 160,000 sq m. The ancillary buildings, over a site of 23,000 sqm, includes a public majlis, a mosque, staff and military accommodations, a services compound, and various gatehouses and watchtowers. The project also includes 2000m of six-metre seawall and 4 million cubic metres of dredging.[19]

CCC is constructing in a joint venture the Riyadh metro.[20]

A joint venture between CCC and Saipem constructed the main works at the Karachaganak field in western Kazakhstan.[21] The projects' s value was about 1.1 billion dollars.[22] The contract covered civil works, infrastructures and mechanical works related to a production unit and gas reinjection facilities, a gas process plant and a 635 km x 24" pipeline with a pumping station and terminal.[23]

In Abu Dhabi, CCC contributed to the construction of the Offshore Associated Gas Project,[24] and Habshan Facilities, and the largest ethylene cracker in the world.[25] The Landmark project in Abu Dhabi, completed in 2011, was the second highest tower in Abu Dhabi (324 m);[26] and the company also worked on Khalifa Port[27] Shah Sulfur Station & Pipelines.

Elsewhere in the Persian Gulf, CCC has been working on a number of major projects in Qatar, including: Khursaniyah Producing Facilities & Gas Plants in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province.[28] The Khalifa Sports Hall, Doha, Qatar. This new sports hall is the world’s largest air-conditioned indoor facility of its kind.[29]

CCC also built the Nile Corniche Project in Cairo: One of the largest construction projects in Egypt[30] and the Ritz Carlton hotel in Doha.

The Bethlehem Convention Palace is a joint investment of CCC and the Palestine Investment Fund. The site[31] includes the three historic Solomon's Pools, Murad Castle (or Burâk Castle) housing the Castle Museum, an amphitheater that can host nearly 1,500 people,[32] the Handicraft Center traditional bazaar and a natural heritage forest.[33][34] The General Manager of the site is George N Bassous, who is also a Board Vice President at CCC.[35] the Handicraft Center traditional bazaar and a natural heritage forest.[33][34]

Major projects

CCC has completed the construction of the largest gas to liquids (GTL) project in the World. The Qatargas 3 & 4 LNG Plant, Trains 6 & 7 in Qatar; the largest LNG Trains in the world at 7.82 MTPA. With these two trains completed, CCC can proudly announce that it is the most experienced worldwide liquified natural gas (LNG) construction contractor, having achieved the completion of 17 LNG Trains with a total capacity of 82 MTPA, equivalent to 30% of all LNG facilities in the world.[14]

The Dubai Mall which was constructed by CCC is the largest shopping center in the world. The project comprised a 515,000 m² mall area, which is about the size of 50 soccer fields, a 550,000 m² car parking area, and a district cooling plant building of 42,000 refrigeration tons.[36] The Mall features 1,200 stores and also boasts The Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo, the Olympic-sized Dubai Ice Rink, children’s "edutainment" concept Kidzania and a massive indoor cinema complex.[37] The Aquarium includes a 270 degree walk through tunnel and the world's largest viewing window. The Dubai Aquarium and Discovery Center clinched the Guinness World Record for the World's Largest Acrylic Panel, measuring 32.88 meters wide × 8.3 m high x 750 mm thick, and weighing 245,614 kg.[38]

Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University (site works infrastructure & utility plant) is one of the ten largest universities in the world and is the largest women-only university in the world. It is the first green campus in Saudi Arabia. The 8,000,000 sq m comprises academic buildings, administration buildings, a hospital, research centers, staff and student housing, schools, sports facilities, plant and utility buildings and a 5 km long utility tunnel. The university can accommodate up to 40,000 students and 4,000 employees.[39]

In an April 2019 report, CCC listed these as its landmark construction projects: "the Dubai Mall, the Abu Dhabi International Airport – Midfield Terminal Building, Riyadh Metro Project, 30% of all LNG facilities in the world, residential towers, hotels, power stations, water and sewage treatment plants and networks, roads and bridges, industrial and process plants and pipelines around the world".[3]

Airport projects

The Midfield Terminal of the Abu Dhabi International Airport, a US$3.2 billion project, was awarded to the joint venture of CCC, TAV and Arabtec. The 700,000 m2 Midfield Terminal building is one of the largest airport projects ever conceived and will more than double passenger capacity at Abu Dhabi International Airport to 47 million people, in line with passenger projections up until at least 2030.[40]

The Muscat International Airport expansion is a multi-million US dollar project (2009–2014) that will increase the airport's capacity by 12 million passengers per year. The joint venture between CCC and Turkey's TAV was awarded the US$1.3 billion[41] contract to carry out all the civil works. This includes construction of a new airfield (northern runway and all associate taxiways); refurbishment of the existing airfield; all utility works, construction of utility buildings and substations; airside and landside road system including bridges and interchanges; drainage works; and soft and hard landscaping.[42] CCC also constructed the six-lane flyover bridge linking the New Muscat Airport to 18 November Street.[43]

CCC was heavily involved in the construction of the new the Hamad International Airport in Qatar. Across several packages, CCC's scope entailed the air traffic control tower and its support facilities, midfield area access system, midfield telecommunication building, fire stations, administrative building blocks, the medical center and employee village, the general aviation hangar and the solid waste handling facility.[44]

A joint venture between Vinci SA, CCC, TAV & Odebrecht was awarded in 2007 the construction of the US$2 billion new Tripoli International Airport Terminal buildings in Libya. The two terminals will have a total built area of 325,000 sq m and will accommodate up to 20 million passengers annually.[45] The construction was not hold due to the political instabilities in the region but has now resumed.[46] CCC is also building the US$500 billion new passenger terminal at the Sabha Airport in Southern Libya.[47]

A joint venture between Hochtief and CCC built the US$490 million Rafic Hariri International Airport In Beirut, Lebanon between 1994 and 2000.[48]

The Komo Airport and Infrastructure in Papua New Guinea was construction by the McConnell and CCC joint venture.[49] Located 1,600 meters above sea level, the runway is 3.2 kilometres long and 45 metres wide.[50] The airfield is designed to specifically accommodate the Antonov An-124 Ruslan planes. These massive Ukrainian cargo aircraft will bring in large pieces of equipment for the construction of the PNG LNG project's Hides gas field conditioning plant, which is located 10 km away to the northeast of Komo Airfield. The airfield will also be used as a base to fly in workers on Bombardier Dash 8 aircraft to assist future upstream efforts in the wider region.[51]

In March 2008, Ambatovy Minerals S.A., specializing in the extraction and refining of nickel and cobalt, entered into a contract with CCC for the construction of a 220-kilometer pipeline in Madagascar.[52] This project was part of a large-scale industrial initiative aimed at transporting raw ore extracted from the mountains to the coast for refining. From the outset of the contract's execution, problems arose, necessitating successive amendments to the contract. Despite these adjustments, tensions persisted, leading to an arbitration proceeding in 2012 in Toronto, in accordance with the rules of the International Court of Arbitration.[53]

After more than three years of proceedings, in September 2015, the Court rendered a decision in favor of Ambatovy Minerals S.A., awarding it $25 million compared to only $7 million for CCC, resulting in a net compensation of $18 million in favor of Ambatovy Minerals S.A. CCC contested this decision before the Ontario Court of Appeal, but the appeal was dismissed.[54]

Despite the finality of the decision and Ambatovy Minerals S.A.'s obtaining of an exequatur in Lebanon in 2019, CCC has been reluctant to honor its debt. Numerous attempts at amicable settlement have failed, highlighting CCC's behavior, which seems to disregard not only its contractual commitments but also judicial and arbitral decisions.

This case underscores the challenges in enforcing international arbitral decisions and highlights the behavior of certain companies, which are reluctant to adhere to established rules and fulfill their financial obligations.

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