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{{Short description|Soviet Georgian revolutionary and government official (1868-1941)}}{{unreferenced|date=July 2013}}
{{Short description|Soviet Georgian revolutionary and government official (1868–1941)}}
{{refimprove|date=June 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox Politician
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Filipp Makharadze
| name = Filipp Makharadze
| image = Филипп Иесеевич Махарадзе.jpg
| image = Филипп Иесеевич Махарадзе.jpg
| caption =
| caption = Makharadze in 1938
| birth_date = {{birth date|1868|03|9}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1868|03|9}}
| birth_place = [[Kutais Governorate]], [[Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)|Caucasus Viceroyalty]], [[Russian Empire]]
| birth_place = [[Kutais Governorate]], [[Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)|Caucasus Viceroyalty]], [[Russian Empire]]
| residence =
| residence =
| death_date = {{death date and age|1941|12|10|1868|3|9}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1941|12|10|1868|3|9}}
| death_place = [[Tbilisi]], [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]], [[Soviet Union]]
| death_place = [[Tbilisi]], [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]], {{nowrap|[[Soviet Union]]}}
| office = Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Georgian SSR
| office = Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Georgian SSR
| term_start = 1929
| term_start = 1929
| term_end = 1931
| term_end = 1931
| party = [[Russian Social Democratic Labor Party|RSDLP (Bolsheviks)]] (1903–1918) <br/>[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|All-Union Communist Party (b)]] (1918–1950)
| party = [[Russian Social Democratic Labor Party|RSDLP (Bolsheviks)]] {{nowrap|(1903–1918)}} <br/>[[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|All-Union Communist Party (b)]] (1918–1941)
| religion =
| religion =
| occupation =
| occupation =
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| predecessor = [[Lavrenty Kartvelishvili]]
| predecessor = [[Lavrenty Kartvelishvili]]
| successor = Vladimir Sukhishivili
| successor = Vladimir Sukhishivili
| native_name = ფილიპე მახარაძე
| native_name = {{nobold|ფილიპე მახარაძე}}
| otherparty = [[Communist Party of Georgia (Soviet Union)|Communist Party of Georgia]]
| otherparty = [[Communist Party of Georgia (Soviet Union)|Communist Party of Georgia]]
| awards = [[Order of Lenin]]
| awards = [[Order of Lenin]]
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| successor1 = Georgy Sturua
| successor1 = Georgy Sturua
| education = [[Tbilisi Spiritual Seminary]]
| education = [[Tbilisi Spiritual Seminary]]
| native_name_lang = ka
}}
}}
'''Filipp Yeseyevich Makharadze''' ({{lang-ka|ფილიპე მახარაძე}}, {{lang-ru|Филипп Махарадзе}}; 9 March 1868 – 10 December 1941) was a Georgian [[Bolsheviks|Bolshevik]] revolutionary and government official.
'''Filipp Yeseyevich Makharadze''' ({{lang-ka|ფილიპე მახარაძე}}, {{langx|ru|Фили́пп Иесе́евич Махара́дзе}}; 9 March 1868 – 10 December 1941) was a Georgian [[Bolsheviks|Bolshevik]] revolutionary and government official.


==Life==
==Life==
Born in the village of [[Shemokmedi]] ([[Guria]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rhyne |first=George N. |title=The Modern Encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet History |publisher=Academic International Press |year=1976 |isbn=9780875690643 |editor-last=Wieczynski |editor-first=Joseph L. |volume=21 |location=Gulf Breeze, Fla. |pages=15 |language=en}}</ref> Makharadze studied at the Theological Seminary in [[Tbilisi]] and later graduated from the Veterinary Institute of [[Warsaw]] (Poland).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Prokhorov |first=Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich |title=Great Soviet encyclopedia. |publisher=Macmillan |year=1973 |volume=15 |location=New York |pages=342 |language=en}}</ref>
Born in the village of [[Shemokmedi]] ([[Guria]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rhyne |first=George N. |title=The Modern Encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet History |publisher=Academic International Press |year=1976 |isbn=9780875690643 |editor-last=Wieczynski |editor-first=Joseph L. |volume=21 |location=Gulf Breeze, Fla. |pages=15 |language=en}}</ref> Makharadze studied at the Theological Seminary in [[Tbilisi]] and later graduated from the Veterinary Institute of [[Warsaw]] (Poland).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Prokhorov |first=Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich |title=Great Soviet encyclopedia. |publisher=Macmillan |year=1973 |volume=15 |location=New York |pages=342 |language=en}}</ref>


He joined the Social Democratic movement in 1891 and participated in activities in Georgia and [[Azerbaijan]]. In 1903, he joined the Caucasian Joint Committee of the [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party]] and played an active role in the [[1905 Revolution]] in the Caucasus; he was allegedly involved in the assassination of the prominent Georgian public figure [[Ilia Chavchavadze]] in 1907.
He joined the Social Democratic movement in 1891 and participated in activities in Georgia and [[Azerbaijan]]. In 1903, he joined the Caucasian Joint Committee of the [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party]] and played an active role in the [[1905 Revolution]] in the Caucasus; he was allegedly involved in the assassination of the prominent Georgian public figure [[Ilia Chavchavadze]] in 1907.


In 1907–1915, he led various [[Bolshevik]] groups in [[Transcaucasia]] and, after the February Revolution, he co-founded the Tbilisi Soviet of Workers' Deputies. In April 1917, he was elected as a delegate to the 7th RSDRP(B) Conference and served in the Bolshevik Caucasian Region Committee. In 1919–1920, he led Bolshevik groups resisting the [[Menshevik]] government of [[Democratic Republic of Georgia|independent Georgia]]. After the Soviet takeover of Georgia, he became chairman of the Georgian Revolutionary Committee in February 1921 and then directed the Georgian Central Executive Committee. In 1922, Makharadze was involved in the [[Georgian Affair]] and opposed [[Sergo Ordzhonikidze]]'s designs with respect to Georgia.
In 1907–1915, he led various [[Bolshevik]] groups in [[Transcaucasia]] and, after the February Revolution, he co-founded the Tbilisi Soviet of Workers' Deputies. In April 1917, he was elected as a delegate to the 7th RSDRP(B) Conference and served in the Bolshevik Caucasian Region Committee. In 1919–1920, he led Bolshevik groups resisting the [[Menshevik]] government of [[Democratic Republic of Georgia|independent Georgia]]. After the Soviet takeover of Georgia, he became chairman of the Georgian Revolutionary Committee in February 1921 and then directed the Georgian Central Executive Committee. In 1922, Makharadze was involved in the [[Georgian Affair]] and opposed [[Sergo Ordzhonikidze]]'s designs with respect to Georgia.
[[File:Filipp Makharadze.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Filip Makharadze ]]

Over the next decade, Makharadze headed the [[Transcaucasian SFSR]] Gosplan, the Georgian Council of People's Commissars and the Transcaucasian SFSR Central Executive Committee. In 1938, he became the [[Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Chairman of the Presidium of Supreme Soviet of the Georgian SSR]] and later rose to the position of deputy [[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet|presidium]] chairman of the [[USSR Supreme Soviet]]. He attended the 12th through 18th Congresses of the [[CPSU|Communist Party]] and directed the Institute of Marxism–Leninism.
Over the next decade, Makharadze headed the [[Transcaucasian SFSR]] Gosplan, the Georgian Council of People's Commissars and the Transcaucasian SFSR Central Executive Committee. In 1938, he became the [[Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Chairman of the Presidium of Supreme Soviet of the Georgian SSR]] and later rose to the position of deputy [[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet|presidium]] chairman of the [[USSR Supreme Soviet]]. He attended the 12th through 18th Congresses of the [[CPSU|Communist Party]] and directed the Institute of Marxism–Leninism.


During his political career, Makharadze also authored a number of works, including monographs on [[Alexander Pushkin]] and [[Maxim Gorky]], and books on the history of the Bolshevik revolutionary movement in Transcaucasia (1927), on the Soviets and the struggle for Soviet power in Georgia (1928), on the history of Georgia in the 19th Century (1932), and the history of the workers' and peasants' movement in Georgia (1932).
During his political career, Makharadze also authored a number of works, including monographs on [[Alexander Pushkin]] and [[Maxim Gorky]], and books on the history of the Bolshevik revolutionary movement in Transcaucasia (1927), on the Soviets and the struggle for Soviet power in Georgia (1928), on the history of Georgia in the 19th century (1932), and the history of the workers' and peasants' movement in Georgia (1932).

== Awards ==

* Order of Lenin (February 24, 1941)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=03487 |url=http://www.knowbysight.info/MMM/03487.asp |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=www.knowbysight.info}}</ref>
* Order of the Red Banner of Labour of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic<ref name=":0" />


==See also==
==See also==
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[[Category:1868 births]]
[[Category:1868 births]]
[[Category:1941 deaths]]
[[Category:1941 deaths]]
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[[Category:20th-century politicians from Georgia (country)]]
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[[Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members]]
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[[Category:Communist Party of Georgia (Soviet Union) politicians]]
[[Category:Revolutionaries from Georgia (country)]]
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[[Category:Old Bolsheviks]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]]
[[Category:People from Guria]]
[[Category:People from Guria]]
[[Category:People from Kutais Governorate]]
[[Category:People from Kutais Governorate]]
[[Category:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members]]
[[Category:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members]]
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[[Category:Old Bolsheviks]]
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[[Category:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members]]
[[Category:First convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]]
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[[Category:Communist Party of Georgia (Soviet Union) politicians]]
[[Category:Heads of state of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
[[Category:Heads of government of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
[[Category:Heads of government of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]]
[[Category:People's commissars and ministers of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]]

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[[Category:Revolutionaries from Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Heads of state of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic]]
[[Category:Signatories of the Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]]


{{Georgia-politician-stub}}
{{Georgia-politician-stub}}

Latest revision as of 11:58, 19 December 2024

Filipp Makharadze
ფილიპე მახარაძე
Makharadze in 1938
Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Georgian SSR
In office
1929–1931
Preceded byLavrenty Kartvelishvili
Succeeded byVladimir Sukhishivili
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Georgian SSR
In office
10 July 1938 – 10 December 1941
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byGeorgy Sturua
Personal details
Born(1868-03-09)9 March 1868
Kutais Governorate, Caucasus Viceroyalty, Russian Empire
Died10 December 1941(1941-12-10) (aged 73)
Tbilisi, Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union
Resting placeMtatsminda Pantheon
Political partyRSDLP (Bolsheviks) (1903–1918)
All-Union Communist Party (b) (1918–1941)
Other political
affiliations		Communist Party of Georgia
EducationTbilisi Spiritual Seminary
AwardsOrder of Lenin

Filipp Yeseyevich Makharadze (Georgian: ფილიპე მახარაძე, Russian: Фили́пп Иесе́евич Махара́дзе; 9 March 1868 – 10 December 1941) was a Georgian Bolshevik revolutionary and government official.

Life

[edit]

Born in the village of Shemokmedi (Guria, Georgia),[1] Makharadze studied at the Theological Seminary in Tbilisi and later graduated from the Veterinary Institute of Warsaw (Poland).[2]

He joined the Social Democratic movement in 1891 and participated in activities in Georgia and Azerbaijan. In 1903, he joined the Caucasian Joint Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party and played an active role in the 1905 Revolution in the Caucasus; he was allegedly involved in the assassination of the prominent Georgian public figure Ilia Chavchavadze in 1907.

In 1907–1915, he led various Bolshevik groups in Transcaucasia and, after the February Revolution, he co-founded the Tbilisi Soviet of Workers' Deputies. In April 1917, he was elected as a delegate to the 7th RSDRP(B) Conference and served in the Bolshevik Caucasian Region Committee. In 1919–1920, he led Bolshevik groups resisting the Menshevik government of independent Georgia. After the Soviet takeover of Georgia, he became chairman of the Georgian Revolutionary Committee in February 1921 and then directed the Georgian Central Executive Committee. In 1922, Makharadze was involved in the Georgian Affair and opposed Sergo Ordzhonikidze's designs with respect to Georgia.

Portrait of Filip Makharadze

Over the next decade, Makharadze headed the Transcaucasian SFSR Gosplan, the Georgian Council of People's Commissars and the Transcaucasian SFSR Central Executive Committee. In 1938, he became the Chairman of the Presidium of Supreme Soviet of the Georgian SSR and later rose to the position of deputy presidium chairman of the USSR Supreme Soviet. He attended the 12th through 18th Congresses of the Communist Party and directed the Institute of Marxism–Leninism.

During his political career, Makharadze also authored a number of works, including monographs on Alexander Pushkin and Maxim Gorky, and books on the history of the Bolshevik revolutionary movement in Transcaucasia (1927), on the Soviets and the struggle for Soviet power in Georgia (1928), on the history of Georgia in the 19th century (1932), and the history of the workers' and peasants' movement in Georgia (1932).

Awards

[edit]
  • Order of Lenin (February 24, 1941)[3]
  • Order of the Red Banner of Labour of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic[3]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Rhyne, George N. (1976). Wieczynski, Joseph L. (ed.). The Modern Encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet History. Vol. 21. Gulf Breeze, Fla.: Academic International Press. p. 15. ISBN 9780875690643.
  2. ^ Prokhorov, Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich (1973). Great Soviet encyclopedia. Vol. 15. New York: Macmillan. p. 342.
  3. ^ a b "03487". www.knowbysight.info. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
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