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{{Short description|Muscle in the thenar compartment}}
{{Muscle infobox |
{{Anatomy terms}}
⚫
Name = Flexor pollicis brevis muscle |
{{Infobox muscle
⚫
Latin = musculus flexor pollicis brevis |
⚫
| Name = Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
GraySubject = 126 |
⚫
| Latin = musculus flexor pollicis brevis
GrayPage = 461 |
⚫
| Greek =
Image = Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png |
| Image = 1121 Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Superficial sin.png
Caption = The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface. (Flexor pollicis brevis visible at center right, near thumb.) |
| Caption = Superficial muscles of the left hand, palmar view.
Origin = [[Trapezoid bone|trapezoid]], [[flexor retinaculum]] |
| Origin = [[Trapezium bone|Trapezium]], [[Flexor retinaculum of the hand|flexor retinaculum]]
Insertion = [[thumb]], [[Proximal phalanges|proximal phalanx]] |
| Insertion = [[Thumb]], [[Proximal phalanges|proximal phalanx]]
Action = Flexes the thumb at the first [[metacarpophalangeal joint]]|
| Action = Flexes the thumb at the first [[metacarpophalangeal joint]]
Antagonist = [[Extensor pollicis longus muscle]], [[Extensor pollicis brevis muscle]] |
| Antagonist = [[Extensor pollicis longus muscle|Extensor pollicis longus]] and [[Extensor pollicis brevis muscle|brevis]]
⚫
Blood = |
| Blood = [[Superficial palmar arch]]
Nerve = [[median nerve]], [[deep branch of ulnar nerve]] (medial head) |
| Nerve = [[Recurrent branch of the median nerve]], [[deep branch of ulnar nerve]] (medial head)
MeshName = |
MeshNumber = |
DorlandsPre = m_22 |
DorlandsSuf = 12549129 |
}}
}}
The '''flexor pollicis brevis''' is a muscle in the hand that flexes the thumb. It is one of three [[thenar muscles]].<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last1=Fernández-de-las-Peñas|first1=César|title=8 - Deep dry needling of the arm and hand muscles|date=2012-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780702046018000086|work=Trigger Point Dry Needling|pages=107–118|editor-last=Dommerholt|editor-first=Jan|place=Oxford|publisher=Churchill Livingstone|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-7020-4601-8.00008-6|isbn=978-0-7020-4601-8|access-date=2020-10-25|last2=Iglesias|first2=Javier González|last3=Gröbli|first3=Christian|last4=Weissmann|first4=Ricky|editor2-last=Fernández-de-las-Peñas|editor2-first=César}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Citation|last=Strickland|first=James W.|title=Chapter 2 - Anatomy and Kinesiology of the Hand|date=2006-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323031868500058|work=Hand Function in the Child (Second Edition)|pages=21–44|editor-last=Henderson|editor-first=Anne|place=Saint Louis|publisher=Mosby|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-032303186-8.50005-8|isbn=978-0-323-03186-8|access-date=2020-10-25|editor2-last=Pehoski|editor2-first=Charlane}}</ref> It has both a superficial part and a deep part.
The '''flexor pollicis brevis''' is a muscle in the hand that flexes the thumb. It is one of three [[thenar muscles]]. It has both a superficial part and a deep part.


==The muscle==
==Origin and insertion==
The muscle's superficial part arises from the distal edge of the [[flexor retinaculum of the hand]] and the tubercle of the [[trapezium]], a bone in the wrist. It passes along the radial side of the tendon of the [[flexor pollicis longus]], and, becoming [[tendon]]ous, is inserted into the radial side of the base of the proximal [[Phalanx bones|phalanx]] of the [[thumb]]; in its tendon of insertion there is a [[sesamoid]] bone.
The muscle's superficial head arises from the distal edge of the [[flexor retinaculum of the hand|flexor retinaculum]] and the tubercle of the [[Trapezium (bone)|trapezium]], the most lateral bone in the distal row of [[carpal bones]].<ref name=":0" /> It passes along the radial side of the tendon of the [[Flexor pollicis longus muscle|flexor pollicis longus]].


The deeper (and medial) portion of the muscle is very small, and arises from the [[ulna]]r side of the first [[metacarpal]] bone between the oblique part of the [[adductor pollicis]] and the lateral head of the first dorsal [[interosseous muscle]], and is inserted into the ulnar side of the base of the first [[phalanx]] with the [[adductor pollicis]].
The deeper (and medial) head "varies in size and may be absent."<ref name="Gray37th630p">Gray's 37th British Edition, p. 630"</ref> It arises from the [[Trapezoid bone|trapezoid]] and [[capitate]] bones on the floor of the [[carpal tunnel]], as well as the [[Palmar carpal ligament|ligaments]] of the distal [[Carpal bones|carpal]] row.<ref name="Gray37th630p" />


Both heads become [[tendon|tendinous]] and insert together into the radial side of the base of the proximal [[Phalanx bones|phalanx]] of the [[thumb]];<ref name=":1" /> at the junction between the tendinous heads there is a [[sesamoid]] bone.<ref name="Gray's">''[[Gray's Anatomy]]'' 1918, see infobox</ref>
The deep (medial) part of the flexor brevis pollicis is sometimes described as the first palmar interosseous muscle. When this muscle is included, the total number of palmar interossei is four. Otherwise, there are only three palmar interossei.
===Innervation===
⚫
The flexor pollicis brevis is mostly innervated by the recurrent branch of the [[median nerve]] (C8, T1). The deep part is often innervated by the deep branch of the [[ulnar nerve]].


===Action===
==Innervation==
⚫
The superficial head is usually innervated by the lateral terminal branch of the [[median nerve]].<ref name=":0" /> The deep part is often innervated by the deep branch of the [[ulnar nerve]] ([[Cervical spinal nerve 8|C8]], [[Spinal nerve|T1]]).<ref name=":1" /><ref name="Gray37th630p" />
The flexor pollicis brevis flexes the thumb at the first [[metacarpophalangeal joint]].

==Blood supply==
The flexor pollicis brevis receives its blood supply from the [[Superficial palmar branch of radial artery|superficial palmar branches of radial artery]].<ref name="PTCentral">{{Cite web|title=Brachium to Hand Musculature|url=http://www.ptcentral.com/muscles/musclearms.html#flexor%20pollicis%20brevis|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204112837/http://www.ptcentral.com/muscles/musclearms.html#flexor%20pollicis%20brevis|archive-date=4 February 2012|publisher=PTCentral}}</ref>

==Action==
The flexor pollicis brevis flexes the thumb at the [[metacarpophalangeal joint]],<ref name=":0" /> as well as [[Anatomical terms of motion|flexion]] and [[Anatomical terms of motion|medial rotation]] of the [[Metacarpal bones|1st metacarpal bone]] at the [[carpometacarpal joint]].<ref name="Gray37th630p" />

== Pathology ==
Flexor pollicis brevis can, rarely, be completely absent at birth due to a [[Birth defect|congenital issue]] (as can the other muscles of the [[thenar eminence]]).<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Iyer|first1=K. M.|last2=Stanley|first2=J. K.|date=2017-07-18|title=Congenital Absence of Flexor Pollicis Brevis and Abductor Pollicis Brevis|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1016/S0072-968X%2882%2980067-3|journal=Hand|volume=14|issue=3|pages=313–316|language=en|doi=10.1016/S0072-968X(82)80067-3|pmid=7152382|s2cid=41628800}}</ref>


==Additional images==
==Additional images==
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Gray219.png|Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.
Image:Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png|The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface. (Flexor pollicis brevis visible at center right, near thumb.)
Image:Gray415.png|Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles.
File:Braus 1921 215.png|Caput profundum of the Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Hand dissection 9.jpg|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
⚫
Image:Gray422.png|Transverse section across the wrist and digits.
Image:Gray815.png|Superficial palmar nerves.
Image:Gray219.png|Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.
Image:Gray817.png|Deep palmar nerves.
Image:Gray415.png|Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles.
⚫
Image:Carpal-Tunnel.svg|Transverse section across the wrist and digits.
Image:Gray815.png|Superficial palmar nerves.
Image:Gray817.png|Deep palmar nerves.
File:Slide1yyy.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide2VVV.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide2AAAA.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide7BBBB.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide16BBBB.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide8IIII.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide3OOOO.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide13OOOo.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide250000.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide17PPPP.JPG|Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
File:Slide1MAI.JPG|Muscles of hand. Cross section.
</gallery>
</gallery>


==External links==
==References==
* {{MuscleLoyola|fpb}}
* {{GPnotebook|228196359}}
* [http://www.ptcentral.com/muscles/musclearms.html#flexor%20pollicis%20brevis PTCentral]

{{Gray's}}
{{Gray's}}
{{muscle-stub}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Muscles_of_upper_limb}}
{{Muscles_of_upper_limb}}
{{Portal bar|Anatomy}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Muscles of the upper limb]]
[[Category:Muscles of the upper limb]]

[[ar:العضلة المثنية القصيرة لإبهام اليد]]
[[de:Musculus flexor pollicis brevis]]
[[hu:Rövid hüvelykujjhajlító izom]]
[[ja:短母指屈筋]]
[[pl:Mięsień zginacz krótki kciuka]]

Latest revision as of 15:00, 19 December 2024

This article uses anatomical terminology.
Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
Superficial muscles of the left hand, palmar view.
Details
OriginTrapezium, flexor retinaculum
InsertionThumb, proximal phalanx
ArterySuperficial palmar arch
NerveRecurrent branch of the median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head)
ActionsFlexes the thumb at the first metacarpophalangeal joint
AntagonistExtensor pollicis longus and brevis
Identifiers
Latinmusculus flexor pollicis brevis
TA98A04.6.02.055
TA22522
FMA37378
Anatomical terms of muscle

The flexor pollicis brevis is a muscle in the hand that flexes the thumb. It is one of three thenar muscles.[1][2] It has both a superficial part and a deep part.

Origin and insertion

[edit]

The muscle's superficial head arises from the distal edge of the flexor retinaculum and the tubercle of the trapezium, the most lateral bone in the distal row of carpal bones.[1] It passes along the radial side of the tendon of the flexor pollicis longus.

The deeper (and medial) head "varies in size and may be absent."[3] It arises from the trapezoid and capitate bones on the floor of the carpal tunnel, as well as the ligaments of the distal carpal row.[3]

Both heads become tendinous and insert together into the radial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb;[2] at the junction between the tendinous heads there is a sesamoid bone.[4]

Innervation

[edit]

The superficial head is usually innervated by the lateral terminal branch of the median nerve.[1] The deep part is often innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8, T1).[2][3]

Blood supply

[edit]

The flexor pollicis brevis receives its blood supply from the superficial palmar branches of radial artery.[5]

Action

[edit]

The flexor pollicis brevis flexes the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal joint,[1] as well as flexion and medial rotation of the 1st metacarpal bone at the carpometacarpal joint.[3]

Pathology

[edit]

Flexor pollicis brevis can, rarely, be completely absent at birth due to a congenital issue (as can the other muscles of the thenar eminence).[6]

Additional images

[edit]
  • The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface. (Flexor pollicis brevis visible at center right, near thumb.)
    The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface. (Flexor pollicis brevis visible at center right, near thumb.)
  • Caput profundum of the Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Caput profundum of the Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.
    Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.
  • Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles.
    Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles.
  • Transverse section across the wrist and digits.
    Transverse section across the wrist and digits.
  • Superficial palmar nerves.
    Superficial palmar nerves.
  • Deep palmar nerves.
    Deep palmar nerves.
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
    Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
  • Muscles of hand. Cross section.
    Muscles of hand. Cross section.

References

[edit]

Public domain This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 461 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

  1. ^ a b c d Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César; Iglesias, Javier González; Gröbli, Christian; Weissmann, Ricky (2012-01-01), Dommerholt, Jan; Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César (eds.), "8 - Deep dry needling of the arm and hand muscles", Trigger Point Dry Needling, Oxford: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 107–118, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-4601-8.00008-6, ISBN 978-0-7020-4601-8, retrieved 2020-10-25
  2. ^ a b c Strickland, James W. (2006-01-01), Henderson, Anne; Pehoski, Charlane (eds.), "Chapter 2 - Anatomy and Kinesiology of the Hand", Hand Function in the Child (Second Edition), Saint Louis: Mosby, pp. 21–44, doi:10.1016/b978-032303186-8.50005-8, ISBN 978-0-323-03186-8, retrieved 2020-10-25
  3. ^ a b c d Gray's 37th British Edition, p. 630"
  4. ^ Gray's Anatomy 1918, see infobox
  5. ^ "Brachium to Hand Musculature". PTCentral. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012.
  6. ^ Iyer, K. M.; Stanley, J. K. (2017-07-18). "Congenital Absence of Flexor Pollicis Brevis and Abductor Pollicis Brevis". Hand. 14 (3): 313–316. doi:10.1016/S0072-968X(82)80067-3. PMID 7152382. S2CID 41628800.
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