2024 Basque regional election: Difference between revisions

2024 Basque regional election
← outgoing members
All 75 seats in the Basque Parliament; 38 seats needed for a majority
	Opinion polls
Registered	1,795,213 0.0%
Turnout	1,077,456 (60.0%); 9.2 pp
	Election result by constituency
Lehendakari before election; Iñigo Urkullu; EAJ/PNV	Elected Lehendakari ; Imanol Pradales; EAJ/PNV

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Latest revision as of 18:27, 19 December 2024

The 2024 Basque regional election was held on Sunday, 21 April 2024, to elect the 13th Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

This election was the first since 2009 not to see Iñigo Urkullu as the leading candidate of the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV), after the party chose to replace the incumbent Lehendakari with a low profile politician at the provincial level, Imanol Pradales, following 12 years of uninterrupted government. The main opposition, EH Bildu, also ran under a new candidate, Pello Otxandiano, amid speculation that long-time leader Arnaldo Otegi could have led the candidacy following the end of his disqualification from running for public office. All other parliamentary parties but Podemos and Vox also ran under new candidates: Eneko Andueza by the Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE), Javier de Andrés by the People's Party (PP)—with the PP+Cs alliance being discontinued and Citizens (CS) deciding not to contest the election—and Alba García by Sumar.

The results showed a close race between the PNV and EH Bildu, with the latter slightly underperforming opinion polls but securing a large increase in its popular support. The PSE–EE, which had been the junior partner to the PNV-led government since 2016, saw an unexpected increase in support to secure its best result since 2012. The PP increased its seat totals by one compared to the PP+Cs results in 2020, whereas the dissolution of the Elkarrekin Podemos alliance saw Sumar clinging on to one seat and Podemos losing all its representation. Vox was able to retain its seat for Álava.

Overview

Electoral system

The Basque Parliament was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Basque Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a lehendakari.^[1] Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2022 abolished the "begged" or expat vote system (Spanish: Voto rogado), under which Spaniards abroad were required to apply for voting before being permitted to vote.^[2] The expat vote system was attributed responsibility for a major decrease in the turnout of Spaniards abroad during the years it had been in force.^[3]

The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa, with each being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats in order to provide for an equal parliamentary representation of the three provinces, as required under the regional statute of autonomy.^[1]^[4]

Election date

The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country (BOPV), with election day taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication. The previous election was held on 12 July 2020, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 12 July 2024. The election decree was required to be published in the BOPV no later than 18 June 2024 with the election taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Sunday, 11 August 2024.^[1]^[4]

The lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called.^[5]

Following the announcement by Galician president Alfonso Rueda of a snap election in Galicia for 18 February 2024,^[6] Urkullu was asked whether he would follow suit and make both elections be held simultaneously—as it had been the case since 2009.^[7] To this, he simply stated that "the Basque Country is not Galicia", distancing himself from Rueda's decision.^[8] Instead, it was expected that the Basque election would most likely be held in March or April 2024, to allow for more time to approve a final set of bills in the Basque Parliament as well as to avoid a simultaneous call with the European Parliament election on 9 June.^[9]^[10]

The Basque Parliament was officially dissolved on 27 February 2024 after the publication of the dissolution decree in the BOPV, setting the election date for 21 April.^[11]

Parliamentary composition

The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the Parliament at the time of dissolution.^[12]

Parliamentary composition in February 2024^[13]
Groups		Parties		Legislators
Groups		Parties		Seats	Total
	Basque Nationalists Parliamentary Group		EAJ/PNV	31	31
	EH Bildu Parliamentary Group		EH Bildu	21	21
	Basque Socialists Parliamentary Group		PSE–EE (PSOE)	10	10
	Elkarrekin Podemos–IU Parliamentary Group		Podemos	4	6
	Elkarrekin Podemos–IU Parliamentary Group		EzAn–IU	2	6
	Basque People's Parliamentary Group^[14]		PP	5^[c]	5
	Mixed Group		Vox	1	2
	Mixed Group		CS	1	2

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.^[4]^[16]

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy		Parties and alliances	Leading candidate		Ideology	Previous result		Gov.	Ref.
Candidacy		Parties and alliances	Leading candidate		Ideology	Votes (%)	Seats	Gov.	Ref.
	EAJ/PNV	List Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)		Imanol Pradales	Basque nationalism Christian democracy Social democracy	38.70%	31	Y	^[17] ^[18]
	EH Bildu	List Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) – Create (Sortu) – Basque Solidarity (EA) – Alternative (Alternatiba)		Pello Otxandiano	Basque independence Abertzale left Socialism	27.60%	21	N	^[19] ^[20]
	PSE–EE (PSOE)	List Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))		Eneko Andueza	Social democracy	13.52%	10	Y	^[21]
	Podemos–AV	List We Can (Podemos) Green Alliance (AV)		Miren Gorrotxategi	Left-wing populism Democratic socialism	9.27%^[d]	6	N	^[22] ^[23] ^[24]
	Sumar	List Unite Movement (SMR) Plural Left–United Left (EzAn–IU) – Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) – The Dawn. Marxist Organization OM (La Aurora (om)) – Republican Left (IR) Greens Equo (VQ) More Basque Country–Build the Basque Country (ME/EE)		Alba García	Progressivism Left-wing populism Green politics	9.27%^[d]	6	N	^[22] ^[24]
	PP	List People's Party (PP)		Javier de Andrés	Conservatism Christian democracy	6.71%^[a]	6	N	^[25]
	Vox	List Vox (Vox)		Amaia Martínez	Right-wing populism Ultranationalism National conservatism	1.94%	1	N	^[26]

Timetable

The key dates are listed below (all times are CET):^[4]^[16]^[27]

26 February: The election decree is issued with the countersign of the Lehendakari after deliberation in the Council of Government.^[11]
27 February: Formal dissolution of the Basque Parliament and beginning of a suspension period of events for the inauguration of public works, services or projects.
1 March: Initial constitution of historical territory and zone electoral commissions.
8 March: Deadline for parties and federations intending to enter into a coalition to inform the relevant electoral commission.
18 March: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions, and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates to the relevant electoral commission.
20 March: Submitted lists of candidates are provisionally published in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country (BOPV).
23 March: Deadline for citizens entered in the Register of Absent Electors Residing Abroad (CERA) and for citizens temporarily absent from Spain to apply for voting.
24 March: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions, and groupings of electors to rectify irregularities in their lists.
25 March: Official proclamation of valid submitted lists of candidates.
26 March: Proclaimed lists are published in the BOPV.
5 April: Official start of electoral campaigning.^[11]
11 April: Deadline to apply for postal voting.
16 April: Official start of legal ban on electoral opinion polling publication, dissemination or reproduction and deadline for CERA citizens to vote by mail.
17 April: Deadline for postal and temporarily absent voters to issue their votes.
19 April: Last day of official electoral campaigning and deadline for CERA citizens to vote in a ballot box in the relevant consular office or division.^[11]
20 April: Official 24-hour ban on political campaigning prior to the general election (reflection day).
21 April: Polling day (polling stations open at 9 am and close at 8 pm or once voters present in a queue at/outside the polling station at 8 pm have cast their vote). Provisional counting of votes starts immediately.
26 April: General counting of votes, including the counting of CERA votes.
30 April: Deadline for the general counting of votes to be carried out by the relevant electoral commission.
11 May: Deadline for elected members to be proclaimed by the relevant electoral commission.
18 May: Final deadline for definitive results to be published in the BOPV.

Campaign

Party slogans

	Original slogan	English translation	Ref.
EAJ/PNV	« Aukeratu Euskadi. Elige Bienestar »	"Choose the Basque Country. Choose wellbeing"	^[28]
EH Bildu	« Aldaketa da orain. El futuro en tus manos »	"The change is now. The future in your hands"
PSE–EE (PSOE)	« Vota al que decide. Erabakia zurea »	"Vote for the one who decides. The decision is yours"	^[28]
Podemos–AV	« Elige izquierda »	"Choose the left"
Sumar	« Es tu tiempo. Euskadi berria »	"It's your time. The new Basque Country"	^[29]
PP	« Por una Euskadi abierta/Euskadi ireki baten alde »	"For an open Basque Country"	^[30]
Vox	« Sabes que es verdad »	"You know it's true"	^[31]

Election debates

2024 Basque regional election debates
Date	Organisers	Moderator(s)	P Present^[e] S Surrogate^[f] NI Not invited A Absent invitee
			PNV	EH Bildu	PSE–EE	Podemos	Sumar	PP	Vox	Audience	Ref.
										Audience	Ref.
9 April	Coordinadora de ONGD de Euskadi	Begoña Beristain	S Legarreta	S Urrea	S Gallastegi	S Gorritxo	S Martínez	S Garrido	NI	—	^[32]
9 April	RTVE	Xabier Fortes Teresa Aguiló	S Díez	S Kortajarena	P Andueza	S De Uralde	P García	P De Andrés	P Martínez	14.2% (83,000)^[g]	^[35]
10 April	Cadena SER	Eva Domaika	S Díez	S De Eguilaz	S Jilete	NI	NI	S López	NI	—	^[36]
10 April	EITB^[h]	Nerea Reparaz	P Pradales	P Otxandiano	P Andueza	P Gorrotxategi	S Larrea	S Garrido	A	4.0%	^[37] ^[38]
12 April	AMPEA	Eva Silván	S Melgosa	S Etxebarrieta	S Jilete	S González	S García	S Garrido	NI	—	^[39]
12 April	Cadena SER	Eva Domaika	S Díez	S Rodriguez	S Itxaso	S Soto	S Martínez	S Morales	A	—	^[40]
15 April	El Diario Vasco	Estrella Vallejo Javier Roldán	P Pradales	P Otxandiano	P Andueza	S Soto	P García	P De Andrés	NI	—	^[41]
16 April	EITB	África Baeta Xabier García Ramsden	P Pradales	P Otxandiano	P Andueza	P Gorrotxategi	P García	P De Andrés	P Martínez	17.4% (86,000)	^[37] ^[42]
17 April	UN Etxea EGK	Iratxe Uriarte	S Díez	S Del Valle	S Blanco	S Mestraitua	S Alonso	S Velasco	NI	—	^[43] ^[44]
17 April	Cadena SER	Eva Domaika	S Olano	S Rodriguez	S Corcuera	S Soto	S Hernández	S Gotxi	A	—	^[45]
18 April	El Correo	Marta Madruga Olatz Barriuso	P Pradales	P Otxandiano	P Andueza	P Gorrotxategi	P García	P De Andrés	P Martínez	—	^[46]
19 April	Cadena SER	Jon Egaña	P Pradales	P Otxandiano	P Andueza	P Gorrotxategi	P García	P De Andrés	P Martínez	—	^[47]

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Graphical summary

Local regression trend line of poll results from 12 July 2020 to 21 April 2024, with each line corresponding to a political party.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament.

Color key:

Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	Turnout	PNV									Lead
Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	Turnout										Lead

2024 regional election	21 Apr 2024	—	60.0	34.8 27	32.1 27	14.1 12	2.2 0	–	2.0 1	9.2 7	–	3.3 1	2.7

Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 1]}^{[p 2]}	15–21 Apr 2024	3,608	?	35.7 26/28	32.9 26/28	14.3 10/12	3.6 1/2	–	1.6 0	8.4 7	–	2.6 0/2	2.8
Sigma Dos/El Mundo^{[p 3]}	13–20 Apr 2024	2,104	?	34.2 26/28	33.4 27/29	13.7 10/11	3.0 0/2	–	2.0 0/1	8.6 7/8	–	3.6 1/3	0.8
KeyData/Público^{[p 4]}	15 Apr 2024	?	62.7	34.7 28	34.5 29	13.2 10	2.3 0	–	1.8 0/1	8.5 6/7	–	3.1 1	0.2
Data10/OKDiario^{[p 5]}	14–15 Apr 2024	1,500	61	34.2 27	34.4 29	13.1 10	2.2 0	–	2.3 1	8.4 7	–	3.1 1	0.2
SocioMétrica/El Español^{[p 6]}	10–14 Apr 2024	1,500	?	33.9 27/28	34.8 28/29	13.5 10/11	2.3 0	–	2.0 0/1	8.1 6/7	–	3.4 0/3	0.9
ElectoPanel/Crónica Vasca^{[p 7]}	27 Mar–13 Apr 2024	1,391	?	34.7 28	34.1 29	12.9 10	2.8 0	–	2.0 1	9.4 7	–	2.9 0	0.6
Target Point/El Debate^{[p 8]}	9–12 Apr 2024	1,001	?	35.2 28/29	33.9 27/28	13.3 10/11	2.0 0	–	1.7 0/1	8.3 7/8	–	3.5 0/2	1.3
DYM/Henneo^{[p 9]}	8–12 Apr 2024	1,221	?	35.6 28/29	36.0 28/29	13.7 9/10	1.8 0/1	–	? 0	9.6 7/8	–	2.3 0/1	0.4
NC Report/La Razón^{[p 10]}	8–12 Apr 2024	1,000	66.7	35.3 28/29	34.3 28/29	12.3 10	2.4 0	–	1.9 0/1	8.8 7/8	–	3.2 0/1	1.0
GAD3/ABC^{[p 11]}	8–12 Apr 2024	800	?	35.6 27/29	34.2 28/30	12.6 10	2.6 0/1	–	2.2 0/1	7.5 6/7	–	2.9 0/2	1.3
Sigma Dos/El Mundo^{[p 12]}	1–12 Apr 2024	1,489	?	34.8 26/28	34.1 28/30	13.6 10/11	2.0 0/1	–	2.4 0/1	8.5 7/8	–	3.3 0/2	0.7
Hamalgama Métrica/VozPópuli^{[p 13]}	8–11 Apr 2024	1,000	66.1	34.8 28	33.9 29	12.5 10	2.3 0	–	2.3 1	8.3 7	–	2.9 0	0.9
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 14]}	5–11 Apr 2024	1,800	60.8	34.2 26/27	34.9 28/29	14.0 10/12	2.4 0	–	1.5 0	7.7 7	–	3.8 1/2	0.5
40dB/Prisa^{[p 15]}^{[p 16]}	5–10 Apr 2024	1,200	?	34.5 27/28	35.4 28/31	13.4 10/11	2.3 0	–	1.9 0/1	8.2 6/7	–	2.2 0	0.9
Simple Lógica/elDiario.es^{[p 17]}	3–10 Apr 2024	946	56.0	33.8 27/28	34.4 28/29	12.8 9/10	3.0 0/1	–	2.0 0	7.8 6/7	–	3.6 2/3	0.6
Celeste-Tel/Onda Cero^{[p 18]}	4–9 Apr 2024	1,100	65.2	35.5 28	33.9 29	13.2 10	1.9 0	–	1.8 0	8.4 7	–	3.0 1	1.6
CIS^{[p 19]}^{[p 20]}	4–8 Apr 2024	4,025	?	32.6– 33.5	34.2– 35.1	13.3– 14.1	3.1– 3.2	–	2.7– 3.0	6.7– 7.0	–	3.1– 3.6	1.6
Data10/OKDiario^{[p 21]}	5–6 Apr 2024	1,500	?	33.7 27	33.6 28	13.2 10	2.7 1	–	2.2 1	8.7 7	–	3.2 1	0.1
GAD3/Mediaset^{[p 22]}^{[p 23]}	1–5 Apr 2024	800	?	35.8 28/29	34.2 28/30	14.2 10/12	2.4 0	–	? 0	7.8 6/7	–	? 0	1.6
Ikerfel/El Diario Vasco^{[p 24]}	26 Mar–5 Apr 2024	2,400	63.2	33.8 27	34.2 27/28	13.3 10/11	2.6 0	–	2.1 0/1	8.6 6/7	–	3.8 3	0.5
NC Report/La Razón^{[p 25]}	25 Mar–5 Apr 2024	1,000	62.6	35.9 28/29	33.0 27/28	13.0 10	2.8 0	–	1.7 0/1	8.6 8	–	3.0 0/1	2.9
KeyData/Público^{[p 26]}	4 Apr 2024	?	61.6	35.3 28/29	33.2 29	13.3 10	2.5 0	–	1.9 0/1	8.7 7	–	3.0 0/1	2.1
Sigma Dos/El Mundo^{[p 27]}	18 Mar–4 Apr 2024	2,089	?	35.0 28	32.6 26/28	13.4 10/11	2.0 0	–	2.1 0	9.8 7/8	–	3.6 1/3	2.4
Sigma Dos/El Mundo^{[p 28]}	18–26 Mar 2024	1,798	?	34.8 27/28	32.9 26/27	13.3 10/11	2.9 0/1	–	1.8 0	10.0 7/10	–	3.2 0/2	1.9
ElectoPanel/Crónica Vasca^{[p 29]}	1–26 Mar 2024	1,391	?	34.1 28	33.9 28	12.4 10	2.6 0	–	2.3 1	8.6 7	–	3.2 1	0.2
CIS (SocioMétrica)^[i]^[48]	18–22 Mar 2024	4,998	?	37.8 30/31	31.1 27/28	11.3 8/9	2.2 0	–	3.3 1	8.2 6/7	–	3.0 1	6.7
CIS^{[p 30]}^{[p 31]}	18–22 Mar 2024	4,998	?	36.1 30/31	33.0 28/29	13.1 10/11	2.5 0/1	–	1.9 0/1	7.7 5/6	–	3.7 0/2	3.1
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 32]}	15–20 Mar 2024	3,030	61.2	35.7 29	33.7 29	13.1 10	2.4 0	–	1.9 0	7.5 6	–	2.8 1	2.0
40dB/Prisa^{[p 33]}^{[p 34]}	15–19 Mar 2024	1,200	?	34.2 25/28	33.7 27/28	13.8 11/12	2.8 0/1	–	2.1 1	8.1 6/7	–	3.0 0/2	0.5
Aztiker/Gara^{[p 35]}^{[p 36]}	11–18 Mar 2024	1,800	?	33.4 26/28	34.0 28/30	13.9 11/12	3.0 0/1	–	2.2 0/1	8.5 6/7	–	3.1 1/2	0.6
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 37]}	8–14 Mar 2024	1,800	61.2	36.0 27/28	32.7 27/28	14.2 11	3.7 2	–	1.4 0	8.3 7	–	2.9 0	3.3
ElectoPanel/Crónica Vasca^{[p 38]}	1–14 Mar 2024	1,284	?	34.0 28	34.4 28	12.0 10	2.4 0	–	2.5 1	9.3 7	–	3.4 1	0.4
Sigma Dos/El Mundo^{[p 39]}	1–14 Mar 2024	1,207	?	34.3 26/28	32.3 26/27	14.7 11	0.9 0	–	1.3 0	10.1 7/8	–	6.0 3	2.0
ElectoPanel/Crónica Vasca^{[p 40]}	16–28 Feb 2024	1,301	?	33.9 27	34.2 28	11.5 9	2.4 0	–	2.5 1	9.0 7	–	4.0 3	0.3
ElectoPanel/Crónica Vasca^{[p 41]}	2–15 Feb 2024	1,287	?	34.1 27	31.5 26	14.6 11	2.1 0	–	2.6 1	8.9 7	–	5.1 3	2.6
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 42]}	30 Jan–2 Feb 2024	3,030	60.9	34.6 27	32.4 27	14.2 11	3.0 1	–	2.5 1	7.7 6	–	2.7 2	2.2
ElectoPanel/Crónica Vasca^{[p 43]}	18 Jan–1 Feb 2024	1,392	?	33.5 25	31.0 26	15.3 13	0.8 0	–	2.2 1	9.2 7	–	5.3 3	2.5
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 44]}^{[p 45]}	24–29 Jan 2024	1,800	64.2	35.8 28	32.1 26	14.8 12	4.0 2	–	1.6 0	7.3 6	–	3.2 1	3.7
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 44]}^{[p 45]}	24–29 Jan 2024	1,800	64.2	35.8 27	32.1 26	14.8 11	^[j]	–	1.6 0	7.3 6	–	7.2 5	3.7
Ikerfel/El Diario Vasco^{[p 46]}	19–26 Jan 2024	2,400	?	? 25/26	? 27/28	? 11/12	? 0	–	? 0/1	? 6/8	–	? 3	?
Ikerfel/El Diario Vasco^{[p 46]}	19–26 Jan 2024	2,400	59.9	34.3 25/26	33.0 27	15.0 11/12	^[j]	–	1.6 0/1	7.2 5/6	–	7.1 4/6	1.3
ElectoPanel/Crónica Vasca^{[p 47]}	1 Dec–17 Jan 2024	1,470	?	33.4 26	31.7 27	14.4 11	1.0 0	–	2.5 1	8.9 7	–	5.7 3	1.7
Sigma Dos/El Mundo^{[p 48]}	26 Dec–9 Jan 2024	1,200	?	35.8 28	32.0 24/25	15.2 11/13	–	–	1.3 0	8.3 6/7	–	7.0 4	3.8
ElectoPanel/Crónica Vasca^{[p 49]}	1 Dec–4 Jan 2024	1,470	?	32.8 26	31.9 27	14.2 11	1.4 0	–	2.5 1	9.6 7	–	6.3 3	0.9
Hamalgama Métrica/VozPópuli^{[p 50]}	20–27 Dec 2023	1,000	65	37.1 28	32.1 26	10.6 8	^[j]	–	2.9 1	10.6 9	–	4.9 3	5.0
Aztiker/Gara^{[p 51]}^{[p 52]}	7–20 Dec 2023	1,800	?	31.5 24/25	32.1 24/27	15.3 11/12	^[j]	–	2.8 1	9.4 6/8	–	7.7 6	0.6
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 53]}	21–24 Nov 2023	3,030	62.0	37.1 29	29.9 25	14.3 11	6.5 3	–	2.1 0	8.0 7	–	–	7.2
ElectoPanel/Electomanía^{[p 54]}	29 Oct–24 Nov 2023	1,390	?	32.4 25	32.9 26	14.4 11	7.6 5	–	2.5 1	9.5 7	–	–	0.5
Sigma Dos/El Mundo^{[p 55]}	13–15 Sep 2023	800	?	32.1 25	32.5 27	17.0 13	5.1 3	–	2.8 1	7.9 6	1.1 0	–	0.4
2023 general election	23 Jul 2023	—	65.1	24.0 (17)	23.9 (18)	25.3 (20)	^[j]	–	2.6 (1)	11.6 (10)	–	11.1 (9)	1.3
ElectoPanel/Electomanía^{[p 56]}	28 May–15 Jun 2023	5,804	?	34.7 28	31.2 24	12.3 9	9.2 6	–	2.6 1	9.5 7	–	–	3.5
2023 foral elections	28 May 2023	—	60.0	34.5 (26)	28.8 (24)	16.2 (13)	7.0 (5)	–	1.5 (1)	8.9 (7)	–	–	5.7
ElectoPanel/Electomanía^{[p 57]}	15 Mar–29 Apr 2022	228	?	36.2 28	29.0 24	12.2 9	8.8 6	8.6 7	2.0 1	^[k]	^[k]	–	7.2
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 58]}^{[p 59]}	21–25 Feb 2022	3,333	55.2	39.3 31	27.3 22	14.3 12	7.0 4	–	2.7 1	6.2 5	–	–	12.0
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 60]}^{[p 61]}	29 Nov–3 Dec 2021	3,333	55.5	39.6 31	27.5 23	14.0 10	6.7 4	–	2.2 1	6.7 6	–	–	12.1
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 62]}^{[p 63]}	27 Sep–1 Oct 2021	3,333	56.2	39.4 31	27.7 23	13.9 11	6.8 4	6.9 5	1.9 1	^[k]	^[k]	–	11.7
ElectoPanel/Electomanía^{[p 64]}	15 Sep 2021	?	?	40.0 31	27.3 23	13.5 10	6.4 4	8.2 7	1.7 0	^[k]	^[k]	–	12.7
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 65]}^{[p 66]}	17–21 May 2021	3,333	55.1	39.0 31	27.5 22	13.6 10	6.6 4	7.7 7	1.7 1	^[k]	^[k]	–	11.5

2020 regional election	12 Jul 2020	—	50.8	38.7 31	27.6 21	13.5 10	8.0 6	6.7 6	1.9 1	^[k]	^[k]	–	11.1

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	PNV								?	N	Lead
Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size									?	N	Lead

2024 regional election	21 Apr 2024	—	21.6	20.0	8.7	1.2	–	1.4	5.7	2.0	—	37.5	1.6

DYM/Henneo^{[p 67]}	8–12 Apr 2024	1,221	17.7	25.2	8.3	3.9	–	1.5	7.6	3.6	20.9	8.2	7.5
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 68]}	5–11 Apr 2024	1,800	23.0	28.0	4.0	1.0	–	–	2.0	2.0	–	–	5.0
40dB/Prisa^{[p 16]}	5–10 Apr 2024	1,200	19.6	19.9	12.0	3.5	–	2.6	5.6	3.7	19.5	8.9	0.3
Simple Lógica/elDiario.es^{[p 17]}	3–10 Apr 2024	946	18.7	22.3	9.8	–	–	–	4.9	–	18.6	–	3.6
CIS^{[p 19]}	4–8 Apr 2024	4,025	22.8	25.2	8.9	1.9	–	1.5	4.6	1.4	26.3	5.2	2.4
CIS^{[p 30]}	18–22 Mar 2024	4,998	27.9	25.9	10.1	1.9	–	1.6	4.9	2.3	19.4	3.5	2.0
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 32]}	15–20 Mar 2024	3,030	18.7	18.7	5.0	0.8	–	0.5	1.7	0.9	40.3	11.7	Tie
40dB/Prisa^{[p 34]}	15–19 Mar 2024	1,200	20.9	18.9	9.7	3.3	–	3.4	3.8	3.2	25.2	5.7	2.0
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 69]}	8–14 Mar 2024	1,800	22.5	26.9	5.0	1.3	–	0.3	1.4	1.2	29.9	9.7	4.4
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 42]}	30 Jan–2 Feb 2024	3,030	21.3	19.8	7.6	1.3	–	1.3	2.6	1.5	30.6	12.1	1.5
Gizaker/EITB^{[p 70]}	24–29 Jan 2024	1,800	23.2	25.2	5.2	1.8	–	0.7	1.2	1.6	28.6	10.4	2.0
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 53]}	21–24 Nov 2023	3,030	23.5	19.5	6.9	2.8	–	0.6	3.2	–	30.6	10.8	4.0
2023 general election	23 Jul 2023	—	16.1	16.1	17.0	^[j]	–	1.8	7.7	7.4	—	32.4	0.9
2023 foral elections	28 May 2023	—	20.4	17.0	9.6	4.1	–	0.9	5.2	–	—	40.0	3.4
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 58]}	21–25 Feb 2022	3,333	24.1	13.9	7.7	4.9	–	0.8	1.0	–	31.4	13.0	10.2
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 60]}	29 Nov–3 Dec 2021	3,333	27.9	14.6	6.5	4.6	–	0.7	1.5	–	28.8	12.2	13.3
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 62]}	27 Sep–1 Oct 2021	3,333	26.6	14.5	6.6	4.9	1.4	0.4	^[k]	–	32.1	11.5	12.1
Ikerfel/GPS^{[p 65]}	17–21 May 2021	3,333	24.9	13.9	5.9	4.3	1.6	0.4	^[k]	–	30.6	15.2	11.0

2020 regional election	12 Jul 2020	—	20.3	14.5	7.1	4.2	3.5	1.0	^[k]	–	—	47.1	5.8

Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	PNV							Other/ None	?	Lead
Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size								Other/ None	?	Lead
CIS^{[p 19]}	4–8 Apr 2024	4,025	29.8	29.0	10.6	2.0	1.7	4.4	2.0	5.1	15.6	1.8
CIS^{[p 30]}	18–22 Mar 2024	4,998	34.9	30.0	10.9	1.9	1.4	5.0	2.3	3.8	9.9	4.9

Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size	PNV				Other/ None	?	Lead
Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size					Other/ None	?	Lead
GAD3/Mediaset^{[p 22]}	8 Apr 2024	?	72.0	9.0	4.0	1.0	0.9	9.3	63.0
CIS^{[p 30]}	18–22 Mar 2024	4,998	60.5	27.2	2.0	–	0.9	9.3	33.3
ElectoPanel/Electomanía^{[p 71]}	31 Dec–12 Jan 2024	4,250	32.7	55.7	–	–	–	11.6	23.0

Preferred Lehendakari

The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become lehendakari.

Polling firm/Commissioner	Fieldwork date	Sample size								Other/ None/ Not care	?	Lead

			Pradales PNV	Otxan. EH Bildu	Andueza PSE–EE	Gorrotx. Podemos	De Andrés PP	Martínez Vox	García Sumar
DYM/Henneo^{[p 67]}	8–12 Apr 2024	1,221	28.0	30.9	–	–	–	–	–	–	41.1	2.9
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 72]}	5–11 Apr 2024	1,800	27.8	27.0	3.1	0.7	1.5	0.2	1.1	–	38.6	0.8
40dB/Prisa^{[p 16]}	5–10 Apr 2024	1,200	23.5	19.8	9.5	3.5	5.7	2.1	3.3	13.3	19.2	3.7
CIS^{[p 19]}	4–8 Apr 2024	4,025	28.2	26.8	8.9	2.8	4.0	1.7	1.8	6.3	19.4	1.4
CIS^{[p 30]}	18–22 Mar 2024	4,998	30.4	26.1	8.2	1.7	4.0	1.4	2.0	7.9	18.3	4.3
40dB/Prisa^{[p 34]}	15–19 Mar 2024	1,200	24.8	21.5	7.3	4.3	4.8	2.8	3.3	11.0	20.2	3.3
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 73]}	8–14 Mar 2024	1,800	26.0	26.1	4.1	1.7	0.8	0.3	0.8	–	40.2	0.1
Gizaker/EiTB^{[p 45]}	24–29 Jan 2024	1,800	25.4	25.3	5.3	1.7	1.2	0.6	1.2	–	39.3	0.1

Voter turnout

The table below shows registered vote turnout on election day without including voters from the Census of Absent-Residents (CERA). Compared to past elections, 2024 elections turnout data are to be gathered at 13:00 and 18:00 (instead of 12:00 and 17:00 at previous elections).^[49]

Province	Time
	13:00^[l]			18:00^[m]			20:00
	2020	2024	+/–	2020	2024	+/–	2020	2024	+/–
Álava	13.51%	25.93%	+12.42	33.21%	48.73%	+15.52	50.31%	61.11%	+10.80
Biscay	13.49%	27.43%	+13.94	36.40%	51.87%	+15.47	52.52%	63.41%	+10.89
Gipuzkoa	15.48%	30.02%	+14.54	36.67%	50.73%	+14.06	54.57%	61.71%	+7.14
Total	14.14%	28.05%	+13.91	36.02%	51.03%	+15.01	52.86%	62.52%	+9.66

Sources^[50]

Results

Overall

← Summary of the 21 April 2024 Basque Parliament election results
Parties and alliances		Popular vote			Seats

Parties and alliances		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	372,456	34.82	–3.88	27	–4
	Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)	343,609	32.13	+4.53	27	+6
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	150,752	14.09	+0.57	12	+2
	People's Party (PP)¹	98,144	9.18	+2.47	7	+1
	Unite (Sumar)²	35,402	3.31	n/a	1	–1
	United We Can–Green Alliance (Podemos/Ahal Dugu–AV)²	23,888	2.23	n/a	0	–4
	Vox (Vox)	21,696	2.03	+0.05	1	±0
	Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)³	5,585	0.52	–0.02	0	±0
	Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB/AZ)	3,112	0.29	+0.02	0	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	1,683	0.16	+0.04	0	±0
	To Be (Izan)	1,419	0.13	New	0	±0
	Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE/ELAK)	666	0.06	±0.00	0	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	475	0.04	+0.01	0	±0
	Welcome (OE)	187	0.02	+0.01	0	±0
Blank ballots		10,523	0.98	+0.04

Total		1,069,597			75	±0

Valid votes		1,069,597	99.27	+0.01
Invalid votes		7,859	0.73	–0.01
Votes cast / turnout		1,077,456	60.02	+9.24
Abstentions		717,757	39.98	–9.24
Registered voters		1,795,213

Sources^[51]
Footnotes: ¹ People's Party results are compared to People's Party+Citizens totals in the 2020 election. ³ Animalist Party with the Environment results are compared to Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals totals in the 2020 election.

Popular vote

EAJ/PNV			34.82%
EH Bildu			32.13%
PSE–EE (PSOE)			14.09%
PP			9.18%
Sumar			3.31%
Podemos–AV			2.23%
Vox			2.03%
Others			1.23%
Blank ballots			0.98%

Seats

EAJ/PNV			36.00%
EH Bildu			36.00%
PSE–EE (PSOE)			16.00%
PP			9.33%
Sumar			1.33%
Vox			1.33%

Distribution by constituency

Constituency	PNV		EH Bildu		PSE–EE		PP		Sumar		Vox

	%	S	%	S	%	S	%	S	%	S	%	S
Álava	26.7	7	29.1	8	16.2	4	15.9	4	3.7	1	3.7	1
Biscay	39.1	11	28.3	8	13.9	4	9.0	2	3.3	−	1.9	−
Gipuzkoa	31.4	9	39.8	11	13.4	4	6.4	1	3.1	−	1.5	−
Total	34.8	27	32.1	27	14.1	12	9.2	7	3.3	1	2.0	1

Sources^[51]

Aftermath

The results were announced after polls in the region closed, with PNV securing the most votes, but finished with a tie with EH Bildu at 27 seats.^[52]

Ballot →		20 June 2024
Investiture
Required majority →		38 out of 75
	Imanol Pradales (PNV) • PNV (27) • PSE–EE (12)	39 / 75	Y
	Pello Otxandiano (EH Bildu) • EH Bildu (27)	27 / 75	N
	Blank ballots • PP (7) • Sumar (1) • Vox (1)	9 / 75
	Absentees	0 / 75
Sources^[53]

Notes

^ ^a ^b Results for PP+Cs in the 2020 election.
^ Within the Elkarrekin Podemos alliance in the 2020 election.
^ Luis Gordillo, former Cs legislator, joined the PP in October 2021.^[15]
^ Results for Elkarrekin Podemos–IU (7.97%, 6 seats) and Equo Berdeak (1.30%, 0 seats) in the 2020 election.
^ Denotes a main invitee attending the event.
^ Denotes a main invitee not attending the event, sending a surrogate in their place.
^ In the Basque Country, the debate was broadcast on La 1 (62,000; 10.6%) and 24 Horas (21,000; 3.6%). Nationwide, the debate was broadcast on 24 Horas (82,000; 0.7%).^[33]^[34]
^ Basque-spoken debate.
^ Alternative projection based on raw CIS data.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Within Sumar.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Within PP+Cs.
^ In 2020, turnout data were gathered at 12:00.
^ In 2020, turnout data were gathered at 17:00.

References

Opinion poll sources

^ "Empate técnico entre PNV y EH Bildu a 26-28 escaños con la formación jeltzale como más votada". EiTB (in Spanish). 21 April 2024.
^ "Los sondeos dan al PNV la victoria en votos, pero empatado en escaños con EH Bildu". El Español (in Spanish). 21 April 2024.
^ "EH Bildu gana en escaños y el PNV en votos, pero podría no sumar mayoría con el PSOE, según el sondeo de Sigma Dos para EL MUNDO". El Mundo (in Spanish). 21 April 2024.
^ "El PNV podrá gobernar Euskadi con el PSE pese a que EH Bildu será el primer partido en escaños, según las encuestas". Público (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "Bildu ganará las elecciones y el PSOE decidirá quién gobierna el País Vasco". OKDiario (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "Bildu se acerca al 21-A con leve ventaja sobre el PNV pero la mayoría prefiere a Pradales de lehendakari". El Español (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "Bildu ganaría en escaños, el PNV sería el más votado y Podemos y Sumar desaparecerían". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "El PNV aguanta el tirón de Bildu y gana por la mínima en votos y escaños para alivio de Sánchez". El Debate (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.
^ "Bildu alcanza al PNV en una disputada recta final de la campaña vasca, pero nacionalistas y PSE podrían reeditar Gobierno". 20 minutos (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "Elecciones en País Vasco: la fuga de voto socialista y del PNV encumbra a Bildu". La Razón (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "Bildu supera al PNV por la mínima y los socialistas decidirán el lendakari". ABC (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.
^ "Bildu adelanta al PNV y entra en la recta final del 21-A empujado por la debacle de Podemos y Sumar". La Razón (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "Bildu ganaría en el País Vasco por el desgaste del PNV, el fiasco del PSOE y la desaparición de Podemos". VozPópuli (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "EH Bildu gana las elecciones autonómicas por primera vez, según EITB Focus". EiTB (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.
^ "EH Bildu adelanta al PNV en la última semana de la campaña vasca". El País (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Informe preelectoral para las elecciones vascas. Ola 2. Abril 2024" (PDF). 40dB (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b "EH Bildu acaricia la victoria en Euskadi y pone en peligro la mayoría absoluta de PNV y PSOE". elDiario.es (in Spanish). 12 April 2024.
^ "El PNV ganaría en votos, pero Bildu obtendría más escaños". Onda Cero (in Spanish). 11 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Campaña de las elecciones autonómicas del País Vasco 2024 (Estudio nº 3451. Abril 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 10 April 2024.
^ "Estimación de voto (Estudio nº 3451. Campaña de las elecciones autonómicas del País Vasco 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 10 April 2024.
^ "El PSOE tendrá que decidir entre dar el Gobierno vasco a Bildu o salvar al PNV con el apoyo de Sumar". OKDiario (in Spanish). 8 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Elecciones de País Vasco 2024: Bildu ganaría por la mínima, según el sondeo de GAD3 para Mediaset". Telecinco (in Spanish). 8 April 2024.
^ "Barómetro Mediaset. Estimación elecciones vascas". GAD3 (in Spanish). 10 April 2024.
^ "EH Bildu ganaría por la mínima en votos y escaños al PNV". El Diario Vasco (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.
^ "Bildu roza el empate técnico con el PNV". La Razón (in Spanish). 8 April 2024.
^ "El PSE tendría la llave del Gobierno entre Bildu y PNV en un Parlamento en el que Vox, Sumar y Podemos podrían quedarse fuera". Público (in Spanish). 7 April 2024.
^ "Bildu blinda sus votos mientras en el PNV crecen la fuga y la indecisión". El Mundo (in Spanish). 8 April 2024.
^ "Casi 45.000 indecisos del PNV decidirán una ajustada campaña con Bildu al alza". El Mundo (in Spanish). 28 March 2024.
^ "El PNV y Bildu llegan empatados a la campaña del 21-A: ambos lograrían 28 escaños". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 2 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Preelectoral del País Vasco. Elecciones autonómicas 2024 (Estudio nº 3448. Marzo 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 1 April 2024.
^ "Estimación de voto (Estudio nº 3448. Preelectoral del País Vasco. Elecciones autonómicas 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 1 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Marzo 2024)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 27 March 2024.
^ "Empate entre PNV y EH Bildu en Euskadi a un mes de las elecciones autonómicas". El País (in Spanish). 25 March 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Informe preelectoral para las elecciones vascas. Marzo 2024" (PDF). El País (in Spanish). 25 March 2024.
^ "EH Bildu podría ganar la contienda más reñida de los últimos años". Naiz (in Spanish). 5 April 2024.
^ "[A] PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Aztiker 05/04/2024: EH BILDU 34,0% (28/30), EAJ-PNV 33,4% (26/28), PSE-EE 13,9% (11/12), PP 8,5% (6/7), SUMAR 3,1% (1/2), PODEMOS-AV 3,0% (0/1), VOX 2,2% (0/1)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 5 April 2024.
^ "Empate técnico en escaños entre PNV y EH Bildu a un mes de las elecciones". EiTB (in Spanish). 21 March 2024.
^ "El PNV y Bildu empatarían en las elecciones vascas del 21-A con Podemos y Sumar hundidos". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 18 March 2024.
^ "Bildu sigue al alza y amenaza el poder de un PNV en decadencia con el PSOE de juez". El Mundo (in Spanish). 18 March 2024.
^ "Bildu supera otra vez al PNV y ganaría las elecciones vascas en votos y escaños". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 4 March 2024.
^ "El PNV se recupera, adelanta a Bildu y ganaría las elecciones vascas por la mínima". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 19 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Febrero 2024)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 9 February 2024.
^ "El PSE subiría tres escaños mientras PNV y Bildu se disputarían la victoria en las elecciones". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.
^ "Ajustada victoria del PNV con EH Bildu a dos escaños". EiTB (in Spanish). 2 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b "EiTB Focus. Enero 2024. Elecciones Autonómicas. CAV" (PDF). Gizaker (in Spanish). 2 February 2024.
^ "Ajustada victoria del PNV con EH Bildu a dos escaños". El Diario Vasco (in Spanish). 4 February 2024.
^ "Bildu y PNV se mantienen en empate técnico a la espera de fecha para las elecciones vascas". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 21 January 2024.
^ "El pacto con Otegi en Pamplona cambia el escenario vasco: crece el PNV por miedo a Bildu y el PSOE cae ya dos puntos". El Mundo (in Spanish). 16 January 2024.
^ "Bildu adelanta al PNV y ganaría las elecciones vascas por un escaño". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 8 January 2024.
^ "Un PNV y un PSOE a la baja podrían mantener su coalición de Gobierno en País Vasco con una raquítica mayoría". VozPópuli (in Spanish). 1 January 2024.
^ "EH Bildu ganaría las elecciones en una pugna reñida a varias bandas". Naiz (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.
^ "[A] PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Aztiker 05/02/2024: EH BILDU 32,1% (24/27), EAJ-PNV 31,5% (24/25), PSE-EE 15,3% (11/12), PP 9,4% (6/8), ELKARREKIN 7,7% (6), VOX 2,8% (1)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Noviembre 2023)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 1 December 2023.
^ "ElectoPanel Euskadi (26N): EH Bildu, primero en votos y escaños". Electomanía (in Spanish). 26 November 2023.
^ "Otegi cerca de ser 'lehendakari': fuerte caída del PNV y Sánchez tendría que decidir". El Mundo (in Spanish). 17 September 2023.
^ "ElectoPanel Euskadi (18J): subida de EH Bildu, que se acerca al PNV". Electomanía (in Spanish). 18 June 2023.
^ "EuskoPanel (30A): subida de EH Bildu, que roza el 30%. Ligero descenso del PNV". Electomanía (in Spanish). 30 April 2022.
^ ^a ^b "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Marzo 2022)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 4 March 2022.
^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Ikerfel/Gobierno Vasco [Sociómetro] 04/03/2022: EH BILDU 27,3% (22), EAJ-PNV 39,3% (31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 7,0% (4), PSE-EE 14,3% (12), PP+Cs 6,2% (5), VOX 2,7% (1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 4 March 2022.
^ ^a ^b "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Diciembre 2021)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 16 December 2021.
^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Ikerfel/Gobierno Vasco [Sociómetro] 16/12/2021: EH BILDU 27,5% (23), EAJ-PNV 39,6% (31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 6,7% (4), PSE-EE 14,0% (10), PP+Cs 6,7% (6), VOX 2,2% (1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 16 December 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Octubre 2021)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 8 October 2021.
^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Ikerfel/Gobierno Vasco [Sociómetro] 08/10/2021: EH BILDU 27,7% (23), EAJ-PNV 39,4% (31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 6,8% (4), PSE-EE 13,9% (11), PP+Cs 6,9% (5), VOX 1,9% (1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 8 October 2021.
^ "EuskoPanel (15S): Vox quedaría fuera del Parlamento Vasco". Electomanía (in Spanish). 15 September 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Mayo 2021)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 28 May 2021.
^ "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Ikerfel/Gobierno Vasco [Sociómetro] 28/05/2021: EH BILDU 27,5% (22), EAJ-PNV 39,0% (31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 6,6% (4), PSE-EE 13,6% (10), PP+Cs 7,7% (7), VOX 1,7% (1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 28 May 2021.
^ ^a ^b "EH-Bildu daría el sorpasso al PNV y sería el partido más votado en las elecciones vascas". Diario de León (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "Análisis de microdatos de EITB Focus". EiTB (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.
^ "La encuesta de EiTB para las elecciones vascas deja a Sumar fuera y Podemos podría ser llave de un gobierno de izquierdas". Diario Red (in Spanish). 21 March 2024.
^ "EiTB Focus. Enero 2024. Elecciones Autonómicas. CAV". Gizaker. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
^ "ElectoPanel (18ene): la mayoría considera que EH-Bildu ganará pero no gobernará". Electomanía (in Spanish). 18 January 2024.
^ "Sube el grado de conocimiento de Otxandiano y Pradales, y prácticamente empatan en valoración". EiTB (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.
^ "4 de cada 10 votantes no tienen claro aún a quién desean como lehendakari". EiTB (in Spanish). 22 March 2024.

Other

^ ^a ^b ^c Ley Orgánica 3/1979, de 18 de diciembre, de Estatuto de Autonomía para el País Vasco (Organic Law 3) (in Spanish). 18 December 1979. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Ley 5/1990, de 15 de junio, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco (Law 5) (in Spanish). 15 June 1990. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
^ Ley 7/1981, de 30 de junio, sobre Ley de Gobierno (Law 7) (in Spanish). 30 June 1981. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
^ Salgado, Daniel; Muñoz, Beatriz (21 December 2023). "Alfonso Rueda convoca para el 18 de febrero las primeras elecciones en Galicia sin Feijóo en 14 años". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 December 2023.
^ "Rueda llama a Urkullu para comunicarle la fecha de las elecciones gallegas" (in Spanish). Bilbao: Europa Press. 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
^ "Urkullu dice que "Euskadi no es Galicia" tras la convocatoria de las gallegas el 18 de febrero" (in Spanish). Vitoria: Europa Press. 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
^ Lorente, Adolfo (25 November 2023). "La opción de marzo cobra fuerza para el adelanto electoral". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 December 2023.
^ Barriuso, Olatz (20 December 2023). "Urkullu busca exprimir su mayoría absoluta y las elecciones vascas apuntan ahora a abril". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 December 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Decreto 7/2024, de 26 de febrero, del Lehendakari, por el que se disuelve el Parlamento Vasco y se convocan elecciones" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del País Vasco (in Spanish) (42). 27 February 2024. ISSN 2483-5366.
^ "Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco / Eusko Legebilitzarra (desde 1980)". Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 March 2024.
^ "Parliamentarians and bodies. Groups. Composition. 12th Legislature". www.legebiltzarra.eus (in Spanish). Basque Parliament. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
^ "Ciudadanos abandona el grupo del PP en el Parlamento Vasco y pasa a compartir el mixto con Vox" (in Spanish). EiTB. 26 July 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
^ Izarra, Josean (7 October 2021). "Luis Gordillo, ex líder de Ciudadanos y parlamentario, ficha por el PP del País Vasco". El Mundo (in Spanish). Vitoria. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
^ ^a ^b Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
^ Rioja Andueza, Iker (24 November 2023). "El PNV prescinde de Urkullu y no será candidato en las elecciones vascas de 2024". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 November 2023.
^ Ormazabal, Mikel (27 January 2024). "El PNV proclama a Imanol Pradales como candidato a lehendakari para las próximas elecciones en el País Vasco". El País (in Spanish). San Sebatián. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
^ "Kortajarena asume la portavocía de EH Bildu en el Parlamento Vasco tras la marcha de Iriarte y Casanova". Noticias de Gipuzkoa (in Spanish). 26 June 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
^ Guadilla, David; Barriuso, Olatz (11 December 2023). "Pello Otxandiano será el candidato a lehendakari de EH Bildu". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
^ Rioja Andueza, Iker (30 October 2021). "Eneko Andueza arrasa con un 95% de los votos en las primarias y será el nuevo líder de los socialistas vascos". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 October 2021.
^ ^a ^b Cortizo, Gonzalo; Ortiz, Alberto; Rioja Andueza, Iker (30 November 2023). "Sumar y Podemos tantean un acuerdo electoral en Galicia y Euskadi en medio de su escalada de tensión". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 December 2023.
^ Villamediana, Miriam (2 February 2024). "Podemos proclama a su candidata en el País Vasco y lanza su campaña en solitario al margen de Sumar". ABC (in Spanish). Bilbao. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b Garmendia, Xabier (2 February 2024). "Podemos usará la marca Elkarrekin por separado y Sumar irá con IU y Equo" (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 February 2024.
^ Goyoaga, Ander (4 November 2023). "Javier de Andrés toma el mando del PP vasco con el objetivo de atraer a votantes del PNV". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 November 2023.
^ "La parlamentaria Amaia Martínez repite como candidata de Vox a lehendakari" (in Spanish). Bilbao. Europa Press. 18 March 2024. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
^ "Elecciones Parlamento Vasco 2024. Calendario general". www.euskadi.eus (in Spanish). Basque Government. 27 February 2024. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Los partidos vascos abren la campaña electoral" (in Spanish). Bilbao: Europa Press. 4 April 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
^ "Sumar dice que es la única garantía de plantear el 21A cambios para Euskadi con perspectiva transformadora y progresista" (in Spanish). Bilbao: Europa Press. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
^ "Feijóo pide el voto al PP como "única garantía" de que no gobierne EH Bildu y le exige que pida perdón en campaña". El Periódico de España (in Spanish). Bilbao. Europa Press. 5 April 2024. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
^ González, Miguel (9 April 2024). "Vox ilustra con datos manipulados su campaña electoral vasca bajo el lema "sabes que es verdad"". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
^ "Coordinadora de ONGD de Euskadi: Debate Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco 2024" (in Spanish). EITB. 9 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ Cabanillas, Andrea (10 April 2024). "El debate electoral gana en audiencias en País Vasco, seguido de laSexta y 'Supervivientes'". El Plural (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 April 2024.
^ "'FBI' (3,4%) se impone a 'Melek' (2,8%) mientras que 'Bright Minds' (2,7%) sigue fuerte". formulatv.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 April 2024.
^ "Los partidos de Euskadi confrontan sus posturas en el primer debate de las elecciones vascas, en RTVE" (in Spanish). RTVE. 9 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "Los jóvenes candidatos vascos contrastan en SER Euskadi sus soluciones a la falta de vivienda" (in Spanish). Cadena SER. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b "EITB se vuelca con la campaña electoral del 21A" (in Spanish). EITB. 8 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ Larreategi, Jon (12 April 2024). "El primer debate electoral de EITB apenas levanta interés". GasteizBerri (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 April 2024.
^ "Diálogo entre candidatas a las Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco del 21 de abril". AMPEA (in Spanish). 9 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "El autogobierno, a debate en SER Euskadi" (in Spanish). Cadena SER. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "Los candidatos protagonizan en DV un debate encendido en materia de sanidad, Ertzaintza y memoria". El Diario Vasco (in Spanish). 15 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "El debate electoral de anoche en EITB se convierte en el más seguido de la campaña". GasteizBerri (in Spanish). 17 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Encuentro Electoral de la Juventud Vasca". EGK (in Spanish). 12 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "Euskadiko Gazteen Hauteskunde Topaketa: Etorkizuna Eratzen". EGK (in Spanish). 17 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "La política industrial y la deslocalización de empresas vascas centran el debate sectorial sobre Economía" (in Spanish). Cadena SER. 17 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "Los candidatos buscan el choque para convencer a los indecisos a 72 horas de las elecciones". El Correo (in Spanish). 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "Un debate decisivo, sereno y constructivo, sin menciones a ETA" (in Spanish). Cadena SER. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
^ "Diferencias CIS País Vasco recalculado - publicado". SocioMétrica (in Spanish). 2 April 2024.
^ "Los datos de participación y resultados de las elecciones vascas, en una nueva 'app' que dará datos reales y no estimados" (in Spanish). laSexta. 16 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "Elecciones 2024. Avances de participación". Basque Government (in Spanish). 21 April 2024. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Election Results Archive". euskadi.eus (in Spanish). Basque Government. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
^ Hedgecoe, Guy (20 December 2017). "El PNV puede revalidar su coalición con los socialistas en País Vasco tras un empate inédito con EH Bildu en escaños" (in Spanish). Newtral. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
^ Bono, Gerard (20 June 2024). "Imanol Pradales es investido como lendakari con el apoyo del PSE". ABC (in Spanish). Vitoria. Retrieved 21 June 2024.

[PP-1] Results for PP+Cs in the 2020 election.

[EP-2] Within the Elkarrekin Podemos alliance in the 2020 election.

[18] Luis Gordillo, former Cs legislator, joined the PP in October 2021.^[15]

[25] Results for Elkarrekin Podemos–IU (7.97%, 6 seats) and Equo Berdeak (1.30%, 0 seats) in the 2020 election.

[36] Denotes a main invitee attending the event.

[37] Denotes a main invitee not attending the event, sending a surrogate in their place.

[41] In the Basque Country, the debate was broadcast on La 1 (62,000; 10.6%) and 24 Horas (21,000; 3.6%). Nationwide, the debate was broadcast on 24 Horas (82,000; 0.7%).^[33]^[34]

[Basque-44] Basque-spoken debate.

[AltCIS-85] Alternative projection based on raw CIS data.

[Sumar-103] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Within Sumar.

[PP+Cs-116] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Within PP+Cs.

[134] In 2020, turnout data were gathered at 12:00.

[135] In 2020, turnout data were gathered at 17:00.

[56] "Empate técnico entre PNV y EH Bildu a 26-28 escaños con la formación jeltzale como más votada". EiTB (in Spanish). 21 April 2024.

[57] "Los sondeos dan al PNV la victoria en votos, pero empatado en escaños con EH Bildu". El Español (in Spanish). 21 April 2024.

[58] "EH Bildu gana en escaños y el PNV en votos, pero podría no sumar mayoría con el PSOE, según el sondeo de Sigma Dos para EL MUNDO". El Mundo (in Spanish). 21 April 2024.

[59] "El PNV podrá gobernar Euskadi con el PSE pese a que EH Bildu será el primer partido en escaños, según las encuestas". Público (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[60] "Bildu ganará las elecciones y el PSOE decidirá quién gobierna el País Vasco". OKDiario (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[61] "Bildu se acerca al 21-A con leve ventaja sobre el PNV pero la mayoría prefiere a Pradales de lehendakari". El Español (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[62] "Bildu ganaría en escaños, el PNV sería el más votado y Podemos y Sumar desaparecerían". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[63] "El PNV aguanta el tirón de Bildu y gana por la mínima en votos y escaños para alivio de Sánchez". El Debate (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.

[64] "Bildu alcanza al PNV en una disputada recta final de la campaña vasca, pero nacionalistas y PSE podrían reeditar Gobierno". 20 minutos (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[65] "Elecciones en País Vasco: la fuga de voto socialista y del PNV encumbra a Bildu". La Razón (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[66] "Bildu supera al PNV por la mínima y los socialistas decidirán el lendakari". ABC (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.

[67] "Bildu adelanta al PNV y entra en la recta final del 21-A empujado por la debacle de Podemos y Sumar". La Razón (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[68] "Bildu ganaría en el País Vasco por el desgaste del PNV, el fiasco del PSOE y la desaparición de Podemos". VozPópuli (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[69] "EH Bildu gana las elecciones autonómicas por primera vez, según EITB Focus". EiTB (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.

[70] "EH Bildu adelanta al PNV en la última semana de la campaña vasca". El País (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[40dBApr24-71] "Informe preelectoral para las elecciones vascas. Ola 2. Abril 2024" (PDF). 40dB (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[SLApr24-72] "EH Bildu acaricia la victoria en Euskadi y pone en peligro la mayoría absoluta de PNV y PSOE". elDiario.es (in Spanish). 12 April 2024.

[73] "El PNV ganaría en votos, pero Bildu obtendría más escaños". Onda Cero (in Spanish). 11 April 2024.

[CISApr24-1-74] "Campaña de las elecciones autonómicas del País Vasco 2024 (Estudio nº 3451. Abril 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 10 April 2024.

[75] "Estimación de voto (Estudio nº 3451. Campaña de las elecciones autonómicas del País Vasco 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 10 April 2024.

[76] "El PSOE tendrá que decidir entre dar el Gobierno vasco a Bildu o salvar al PNV con el apoyo de Sumar". OKDiario (in Spanish). 8 April 2024.

[GADApr24-77] "Elecciones de País Vasco 2024: Bildu ganaría por la mínima, según el sondeo de GAD3 para Mediaset". Telecinco (in Spanish). 8 April 2024.

[78] "Barómetro Mediaset. Estimación elecciones vascas". GAD3 (in Spanish). 10 April 2024.

[79] "EH Bildu ganaría por la mínima en votos y escaños al PNV". El Diario Vasco (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.

[80] "Bildu roza el empate técnico con el PNV". La Razón (in Spanish). 8 April 2024.

[81] "El PSE tendría la llave del Gobierno entre Bildu y PNV en un Parlamento en el que Vox, Sumar y Podemos podrían quedarse fuera". Público (in Spanish). 7 April 2024.

[82] "Bildu blinda sus votos mientras en el PNV crecen la fuga y la indecisión". El Mundo (in Spanish). 8 April 2024.

[83] "Casi 45.000 indecisos del PNV decidirán una ajustada campaña con Bildu al alza". El Mundo (in Spanish). 28 March 2024.

[84] "El PNV y Bildu llegan empatados a la campaña del 21-A: ambos lograrían 28 escaños". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 2 April 2024.

[CISMar24-87] "Preelectoral del País Vasco. Elecciones autonómicas 2024 (Estudio nº 3448. Marzo 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 1 April 2024.

[88] "Estimación de voto (Estudio nº 3448. Preelectoral del País Vasco. Elecciones autonómicas 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 1 April 2024.

[IkerMar24-89] "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Marzo 2024)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 27 March 2024.

[90] "Empate entre PNV y EH Bildu en Euskadi a un mes de las elecciones autonómicas". El País (in Spanish). 25 March 2024.

[40dBMar24-91] "Informe preelectoral para las elecciones vascas. Marzo 2024" (PDF). El País (in Spanish). 25 March 2024.

[92] "EH Bildu podría ganar la contienda más reñida de los últimos años". Naiz (in Spanish). 5 April 2024.

[93] "[A] PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Aztiker 05/04/2024: EH BILDU 34,0% (28/30), EAJ-PNV 33,4% (26/28), PSE-EE 13,9% (11/12), PP 8,5% (6/7), SUMAR 3,1% (1/2), PODEMOS-AV 3,0% (0/1), VOX 2,2% (0/1)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 5 April 2024.

[94] "Empate técnico en escaños entre PNV y EH Bildu a un mes de las elecciones". EiTB (in Spanish). 21 March 2024.

[95] "El PNV y Bildu empatarían en las elecciones vascas del 21-A con Podemos y Sumar hundidos". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 18 March 2024.

[96] "Bildu sigue al alza y amenaza el poder de un PNV en decadencia con el PSOE de juez". El Mundo (in Spanish). 18 March 2024.

[97] "Bildu supera otra vez al PNV y ganaría las elecciones vascas en votos y escaños". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 4 March 2024.

[98] "El PNV se recupera, adelanta a Bildu y ganaría las elecciones vascas por la mínima". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 19 February 2024.

[IkerFeb24-99] "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Febrero 2024)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 9 February 2024.

[100] "El PSE subiría tres escaños mientras PNV y Bildu se disputarían la victoria en las elecciones". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.

[101] "Ajustada victoria del PNV con EH Bildu a dos escaños". EiTB (in Spanish). 2 February 2024.

[GizJan24-102] "EiTB Focus. Enero 2024. Elecciones Autonómicas. CAV" (PDF). Gizaker (in Spanish). 2 February 2024.

[104] "Ajustada victoria del PNV con EH Bildu a dos escaños". El Diario Vasco (in Spanish). 4 February 2024.

[105] "Bildu y PNV se mantienen en empate técnico a la espera de fecha para las elecciones vascas". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 21 January 2024.

[106] "El pacto con Otegi en Pamplona cambia el escenario vasco: crece el PNV por miedo a Bildu y el PSOE cae ya dos puntos". El Mundo (in Spanish). 16 January 2024.

[107] "Bildu adelanta al PNV y ganaría las elecciones vascas por un escaño". Crónica Vasca (in Spanish). 8 January 2024.

[108] "Un PNV y un PSOE a la baja podrían mantener su coalición de Gobierno en País Vasco con una raquítica mayoría". VozPópuli (in Spanish). 1 January 2024.

[109] "EH Bildu ganaría las elecciones en una pugna reñida a varias bandas". Naiz (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.

[110] "[A] PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Aztiker 05/02/2024: EH BILDU 32,1% (24/27), EAJ-PNV 31,5% (24/25), PSE-EE 15,3% (11/12), PP 9,4% (6/8), ELKARREKIN 7,7% (6), VOX 2,8% (1)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.

[IkerNov23-111] "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Noviembre 2023)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 1 December 2023.

[112] "ElectoPanel Euskadi (26N): EH Bildu, primero en votos y escaños". Electomanía (in Spanish). 26 November 2023.

[113] "Otegi cerca de ser 'lehendakari': fuerte caída del PNV y Sánchez tendría que decidir". El Mundo (in Spanish). 17 September 2023.

[114] "ElectoPanel Euskadi (18J): subida de EH Bildu, que se acerca al PNV". Electomanía (in Spanish). 18 June 2023.

[115] "EuskoPanel (30A): subida de EH Bildu, que roza el 30%. Ligero descenso del PNV". Electomanía (in Spanish). 30 April 2022.

[IkerFeb22-117] "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Marzo 2022)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 4 March 2022.

[118] "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Ikerfel/Gobierno Vasco [Sociómetro] 04/03/2022: EH BILDU 27,3% (22), EAJ-PNV 39,3% (31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 7,0% (4), PSE-EE 14,3% (12), PP+Cs 6,2% (5), VOX 2,7% (1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 4 March 2022.

[IkerDec21-119] "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Diciembre 2021)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 16 December 2021.

[120] "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Ikerfel/Gobierno Vasco [Sociómetro] 16/12/2021: EH BILDU 27,5% (23), EAJ-PNV 39,6% (31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 6,7% (4), PSE-EE 14,0% (10), PP+Cs 6,7% (6), VOX 2,2% (1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 16 December 2021.

[IkerOct21-121] "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Octubre 2021)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 8 October 2021.

[122] "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Ikerfel/Gobierno Vasco [Sociómetro] 08/10/2021: EH BILDU 27,7% (23), EAJ-PNV 39,4% (31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 6,8% (4), PSE-EE 13,9% (11), PP+Cs 6,9% (5), VOX 1,9% (1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 8 October 2021.

[123] "EuskoPanel (15S): Vox quedaría fuera del Parlamento Vasco". Electomanía (in Spanish). 15 September 2021.

[IkerMay21-124] "Elecciones Autonómicas: previsión de voto (Mayo 2021)" (PDF). Basque Government (in Spanish). 28 May 2021.

[125] "PAÍS VASCO. Encuesta Ikerfel/Gobierno Vasco [Sociómetro] 28/05/2021: EH BILDU 27,5% (22), EAJ-PNV 39,0% (31), ELKARREKIN PODEMOS-IU 6,6% (4), PSE-EE 13,6% (10), PP+Cs 7,7% (7), VOX 1,7% (1)". Electograph (in Spanish). 28 May 2021.

[DYMApr24-126] "EH-Bildu daría el sorpasso al PNV y sería el partido más votado en las elecciones vascas". Diario de León (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[GizApr24-127] "Análisis de microdatos de EITB Focus". EiTB (in Spanish). 15 April 2024.

[128] "La encuesta de EiTB para las elecciones vascas deja a Sumar fuera y Podemos podría ser llave de un gobierno de izquierdas". Diario Red (in Spanish). 21 March 2024.

[129] "EiTB Focus. Enero 2024. Elecciones Autonómicas. CAV". Gizaker. Retrieved 6 February 2024.

[130] "ElectoPanel (18ene): la mayoría considera que EH-Bildu ganará pero no gobernará". Electomanía (in Spanish). 18 January 2024.

[131] "Sube el grado de conocimiento de Otxandiano y Pradales, y prácticamente empatan en valoración". EiTB (in Spanish). 14 April 2024.

[132] "4 de cada 10 votantes no tienen claro aún a quién desean como lehendakari". EiTB (in Spanish). 22 March 2024.

[BasSoA-3] Ley Orgánica 3/1979, de 18 de diciembre, de Estatuto de Autonomía para el País Vasco (Organic Law 3) (in Spanish). 18 December 1979. Retrieved 17 July 2017.

[4] Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.

[5] Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.

[BasELaw-6] Ley 5/1990, de 15 de junio, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco (Law 5) (in Spanish). 15 June 1990. Retrieved 17 July 2017.

[7] Ley 7/1981, de 30 de junio, sobre Ley de Gobierno (Law 7) (in Spanish). 30 June 1981. Retrieved 9 November 2024.

[8] Salgado, Daniel; Muñoz, Beatriz (21 December 2023). "Alfonso Rueda convoca para el 18 de febrero las primeras elecciones en Galicia sin Feijóo en 14 años". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 December 2023.

[9] "Rueda llama a Urkullu para comunicarle la fecha de las elecciones gallegas" (in Spanish). Bilbao: Europa Press. 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.

[10] "Urkullu dice que "Euskadi no es Galicia" tras la convocatoria de las gallegas el 18 de febrero" (in Spanish). Vitoria: Europa Press. 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.

[11] Lorente, Adolfo (25 November 2023). "La opción de marzo cobra fuerza para el adelanto electoral". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 December 2023.

[12] Barriuso, Olatz (20 December 2023). "Urkullu busca exprimir su mayoría absoluta y las elecciones vascas apuntan ahora a abril". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 December 2023.

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[HE-14] "Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco / Eusko Legebilitzarra (desde 1980)". Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 March 2024.

[15] "Parliamentarians and bodies. Groups. Composition. 12th Legislature". www.legebiltzarra.eus (in Spanish). Basque Parliament. Retrieved 7 October 2021.

[16] "Ciudadanos abandona el grupo del PP en el Parlamento Vasco y pasa a compartir el mixto con Vox" (in Spanish). EiTB. 26 July 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.

[17] Izarra, Josean (7 October 2021). "Luis Gordillo, ex líder de Ciudadanos y parlamentario, ficha por el PP del País Vasco". El Mundo (in Spanish). Vitoria. Retrieved 7 October 2021.

[SpaELaw-19] Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 9 November 2024.

[20] Rioja Andueza, Iker (24 November 2023). "El PNV prescinde de Urkullu y no será candidato en las elecciones vascas de 2024". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 November 2023.

[21] Ormazabal, Mikel (27 January 2024). "El PNV proclama a Imanol Pradales como candidato a lehendakari para las próximas elecciones en el País Vasco". El País (in Spanish). San Sebatián. Retrieved 7 February 2024.

[22] "Kortajarena asume la portavocía de EH Bildu en el Parlamento Vasco tras la marcha de Iriarte y Casanova". Noticias de Gipuzkoa (in Spanish). 26 June 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.

[23] Guadilla, David; Barriuso, Olatz (11 December 2023). "Pello Otxandiano será el candidato a lehendakari de EH Bildu". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 December 2023.

[24] Rioja Andueza, Iker (30 October 2021). "Eneko Andueza arrasa con un 95% de los votos en las primarias y será el nuevo líder de los socialistas vascos". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 October 2021.

[ED301123-26] Cortizo, Gonzalo; Ortiz, Alberto; Rioja Andueza, Iker (30 November 2023). "Sumar y Podemos tantean un acuerdo electoral en Galicia y Euskadi en medio de su escalada de tensión". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 December 2023.

[27] Villamediana, Miriam (2 February 2024). "Podemos proclama a su candidata en el País Vasco y lanza su campaña en solitario al margen de Sumar". ABC (in Spanish). Bilbao. Retrieved 7 February 2024.

[EC020224-28] Garmendia, Xabier (2 February 2024). "Podemos usará la marca Elkarrekin por separado y Sumar irá con IU y Equo" (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 February 2024.

[29] Goyoaga, Ander (4 November 2023). "Javier de Andrés toma el mando del PP vasco con el objetivo de atraer a votantes del PNV". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 November 2023.

[30] "La parlamentaria Amaia Martínez repite como candidata de Vox a lehendakari" (in Spanish). Bilbao. Europa Press. 18 March 2024. Retrieved 18 March 2024.

[31] "Elecciones Parlamento Vasco 2024. Calendario general". www.euskadi.eus (in Spanish). Basque Government. 27 February 2024. Retrieved 18 March 2024.

[EP040424-32] "Los partidos vascos abren la campaña electoral" (in Spanish). Bilbao: Europa Press. 4 April 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2024.

[33] "Sumar dice que es la única garantía de plantear el 21A cambios para Euskadi con perspectiva transformadora y progresista" (in Spanish). Bilbao: Europa Press. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 9 April 2024.

[34] "Feijóo pide el voto al PP como "única garantía" de que no gobierne EH Bildu y le exige que pida perdón en campaña". El Periódico de España (in Spanish). Bilbao. Europa Press. 5 April 2024. Retrieved 9 April 2024.

[35] González, Miguel (9 April 2024). "Vox ilustra con datos manipulados su campaña electoral vasca bajo el lema "sabes que es verdad"". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 9 April 2024.

[38] "Coordinadora de ONGD de Euskadi: Debate Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco 2024" (in Spanish). EITB. 9 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[39] Cabanillas, Andrea (10 April 2024). "El debate electoral gana en audiencias en País Vasco, seguido de laSexta y 'Supervivientes'". El Plural (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 April 2024.

[40] "'FBI' (3,4%) se impone a 'Melek' (2,8%) mientras que 'Bright Minds' (2,7%) sigue fuerte". formulatv.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 April 2024.

[42] "Los partidos de Euskadi confrontan sus posturas en el primer debate de las elecciones vascas, en RTVE" (in Spanish). RTVE. 9 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[43] "Los jóvenes candidatos vascos contrastan en SER Euskadi sus soluciones a la falta de vivienda" (in Spanish). Cadena SER. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

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[46] Larreategi, Jon (12 April 2024). "El primer debate electoral de EITB apenas levanta interés". GasteizBerri (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 April 2024.

[47] "Diálogo entre candidatas a las Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco del 21 de abril". AMPEA (in Spanish). 9 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[48] "El autogobierno, a debate en SER Euskadi" (in Spanish). Cadena SER. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[49] "Los candidatos protagonizan en DV un debate encendido en materia de sanidad, Ertzaintza y memoria". El Diario Vasco (in Spanish). 15 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[50] "El debate electoral de anoche en EITB se convierte en el más seguido de la campaña". GasteizBerri (in Spanish). 17 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[51] "Encuentro Electoral de la Juventud Vasca". EGK (in Spanish). 12 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[52] "Euskadiko Gazteen Hauteskunde Topaketa: Etorkizuna Eratzen". EGK (in Spanish). 17 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[53] "La política industrial y la deslocalización de empresas vascas centran el debate sectorial sobre Economía" (in Spanish). Cadena SER. 17 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

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v t e Elections and referendums in the Basque Country
Regional elections	1980 1984 1986 1990 1994 1998 2001 2005 2009 2012 2016 2020 2024 Next
General elections	1977 1979 1982 1986 1989 1993 1996 2000 2004 2008 2011 2015 2016 2019 (Apr) 2019 (Nov) 2023
European Parliament elections	1987 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024
Foral elections	1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023
Local elections	1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023
Referendums	1933 1979

v t e (← 2010s) Regional elections in Spain in the 2020s
2020	July: Basque Country Galicia
2021	February: Catalonia May: Madrid
2022	February: Castile and León June: Andalusia
2023	May: Aragon Asturias Balearic Islands Canary Islands Cantabria Castilla–La Mancha Ceuta Extremadura La Rioja Madrid Melilla Murcia Navarre Valencian Community
2024	February: Galicia April: Basque Country May: Catalonia
Other	2026 or earlier: Andalusia Castile and León 2027 or earlier: Aragon Asturias Balearic Islands Canary Islands Cantabria Castilla–La Mancha Ceuta Extremadura La Rioja Madrid Melilla Murcia Navarre Valencian Community 2028 or earlier: Basque Country Catalonia Galicia