Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel: Difference between revisions

Names
	Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa

Augusta of Hesse-Kassel
Augusta of Hesse-Kassel
Duchess of Cambridge
	Portrait by William Beechey, 1818
Viceregal consort of the Kingdom of Hanover
Tenure	7 May 1818 – 20 June 1837
Viceroy	Prince Adolphus
Born	25 July 1797; Rumpenheim Castle, Offenbach am Main
Died	6 April 1889 (aged 91); St James's Palace, Pall Mall, London
Burial	13 April 1889; St Anne's Church, Kew, Surrey; 10 January 1930; Royal Vault, St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle
Spouse	Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (m. 1818; died 1850)
Issue	Prince George, Duke of Cambridge; Augusta, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck;
Names
Names
	Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa
House	Hesse-Kassel
Father	Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel
Mother	Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen

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Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa; 25 July 1797 – 6 April 1889) was the wife of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, the tenth-born child, and seventh son, of George III of the United Kingdom and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. The longest-lived daughter-in-law of George III, she was the maternal grandmother of Mary of Teck, wife of George V.

Early life

Princess and Landgravine Augusta of Hesse-Kassel, third daughter of Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel, and his wife, Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen, was born at Rumpenheim Castle (French: Château de Rumpenheim, German: Rumpenheimer Schloss), Offenbach am Main, Hesse. Through her father, she was a great-granddaughter of George II of Great Britain, her grandmother being George II's daughter Mary. Her father's older brother was the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. In 1803, her uncle's title was raised to Elector of Hesse—whereby the entire Kassel branch of the Hesse dynasty gained an upward notch in hierarchy.

Marriage

On 7 May, in Kassel, and then, again, on 1 June 1818 at Buckingham Palace, Princess Augusta married her second cousin, the Duke of Cambridge, when she was 20 and he 44. Upon their marriage, Augusta became Duchess of Cambridge. They had three children.

From 1818 until the accession of Queen Victoria, and the separation of the British and Hanoverian crowns in 1837, the Duchess of Cambridge lived in Hanover, where the Duke served as viceroy on behalf of his brothers, George IV and William IV. Hanover had been liberated from French occupation in 1813 and the dynastic union with Britain restored.

In 1827 Augusta allowed that a new village, founded on 3 May 1827 and to be settled in the course of the cultivation and colonisation of the moorlands in the south of Bremervörde, would bear her name. On 19 June the administration of the Hanoveran High-Bailiwick of Stade informed the villagers that she had approved the chosen name Augustendorf for their municipality (since 1974 it is a component locality of Gnarrenburg). The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge returned to Great Britain, where they lived at Cambridge Cottage, Kew, and later at St. James's Palace.

Death

The Duchess of Cambridge survived her husband by thirty-nine years, dying on 6 April 1889, at the age of ninety-one, at their home at Cambridge Cottage on Kew Green.^[1] Queen Victoria wrote of her aunt's death: "Very sad, though not for her. But she is the last of her generation, & I have no longer anyone above me."

She was buried at St Anne's Church, Kew, but her remains were transferred to St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle in 1930.^[2]^[3]

Titles and styles

25 July 1797 – 7 May 1818: Her Serene Highness Princess Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse^[4]
7 May 1818 – 6 April 1889: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge

Issue

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge had three children:

Name	Birth	Death	Notes
Prince George, Duke of Cambridge	26 March 1819	17 March 1904	married 1847, Sarah Louisa Fairbrother; had issue (this marriage was contracted in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act and was not recognised in law).
Princess Augusta of Cambridge	19 July 1822	4 December 1916	married 1843, Friedrich Wilhelm, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; had issue
Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge	27 November 1833	27 October 1897	married 1866, Francis, Duke of Teck; had issue, including Mary of Teck, later Queen consort of the United Kingdom.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel

8. William VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel

4. Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel

9. Princess Dorothea Wilhelmine of Saxe-Zeitz

2. Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel

10. George II of Great Britain

5. Princess Mary of Great Britain

11. Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach

1. Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel

12. Charles, Prince of Nassau-Usingen

6. Charles William, Prince of Nassau-Usingen

13. Princess Christine Wilhelmine of Saxe-Eisenach

3. Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen

14. Count Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg

7. Countess Caroline Felizitas of Leiningen-Dagsburg

15. Countess Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim

References

^ "THE DUCHESS OF CAMBRIDGE". Morning Post. 12 April 1889. p. 5. Retrieved 12 July 2021 – via British Library Newspapers.
^ "Cambridge Mausoleum". Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
^ "Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805". College of St George - Windsor Castle. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
^ "No. 17365". The London Gazette. 2 June 1818. p. 997.

External links

Portraits of Princess Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge at the National Portrait Gallery, London

[1] "THE DUCHESS OF CAMBRIDGE". Morning Post. 12 April 1889. p. 5. Retrieved 12 July 2021 – via British Library Newspapers.

[2] "Cambridge Mausoleum". Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2015.

[3] "Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805". College of St George - Windsor Castle. Retrieved 5 March 2023.

[4] "No. 17365". The London Gazette. 2 June 1818. p. 997.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Member of the British royal family}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
 {{Infobox royalty
@@ Line 4: / Line 5: @@
 | title        = [[Duchess of Cambridge]]
 | image        = Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge - Beechey 1818.jpg
-| caption      = Portrait by [[William Beechey]], 1818
+| caption      = [[Portrait of Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge|Portrait]] by [[William Beechey]], 1818
 | succession   = Viceregal consort of the [[Kingdom of Hanover]]
 | reign-type   = Tenure
@@ Line 12: / Line 13: @@
 | full name    = Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa
 | birth_date   = {{Birth date|1797|7|25|df=y}}
-| birth_place  = Rumpenheim Castle, [[Offenbach am Main]]
+| birth_place  = [[Rumpenheim Castle]], [[Offenbach am Main]]
 | death_date   = {{Death date and age|1889|4|6|1797|7|25|df=yes}}
 | death_place  = [[St James's Palace]], [[Pall Mall, London]]
@@ Line 20: / Line 21: @@
 | father       = [[Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel]]
 | mother       = [[Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen]]
-| spouse       = {{marriage|[[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge]]<br />|1818|8 July 1850|end=d.}}
+| spouse       = {{Marriage|[[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge]]|1818|8 July 1850|end=d.}}
+| issue        = {{Ubl
-| issue        = [[Prince George, Duke of Cambridge]]<br />[[Princess Augusta of Cambridge|Augusta, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]<br />[[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge|Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck]]
+  |[[Prince George, Duke of Cambridge]]
+  |[[Princess Augusta of Cambridge|Augusta, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]
+  |[[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge|Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck]]
+}}
 }}
-'''Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel''' (Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa; 25 July 1797 &ndash; 6 April 1889) was the wife of [[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge]], the tenth-born child, and seventh son, of [[George III of the United Kingdom]] and [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]. The longest-lived daughter-in-law of George III, she was the maternal grandmother of [[Mary of Teck]], wife of [[George V]].
+'''Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel''' (Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa; 25 July 1797 – 6 April 1889) was the wife of [[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge]], the tenth-born child, and seventh son, of [[George III of the United Kingdom]] and [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]. The longest-lived daughter-in-law of George III, she was the maternal grandmother of [[Mary of Teck]], wife of [[George V]].
 ==Early life==
@@ Line 32: / Line 37: @@
 On 7 May, in Kassel, and then, again, on 1 June 1818 at [[Buckingham Palace]], Princess Augusta married her second cousin, the Duke of Cambridge, when she was 20 and he 44. Upon their marriage, Augusta became Duchess of Cambridge. They had three children.
-From 1818 until the accession of [[Queen Victoria]], and the separation of the British and Hanoverian crowns in 1837, the Duchess of Cambridge lived in [[Hanover]], where the Duke served as viceroy on behalf of his brothers, [[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]] and [[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]. In 1827 Augusta allowed that a new village, founded on  3 May 1827 and to be settled in the course of the cultivation and colonisation of the [[moorland]]s in the south of [[Bremervörde]], would bear her name. On 19 June the administration of the Hanoveran [[Stade (region)|High-Bailiwick of Stade]] informed the villagers that she had approved the chosen name Augustendorf for their municipality (since 1974 it is a component locality of [[Gnarrenburg]]). The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge returned to Great Britain, where they lived at Cambridge Cottage, [[Kew]], and later at [[St. James's Palace]].
+From 1818 until the accession of [[Queen Victoria]], and the separation of the British and Hanoverian crowns in 1837, the Duchess of Cambridge lived in [[Hanover]], where the Duke served as viceroy on behalf of his brothers, [[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]] and [[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]. [[Liberation of Hanover|Hanover had been liberated]] from French occupation in 1813 and the [[dynastic union]] with Britain restored.
+In 1827 Augusta allowed that a new village, founded on  3 May 1827 and to be settled in the course of the cultivation and colonisation of the [[moorland]]s in the south of [[Bremervörde]], would bear her name. On 19 June the administration of the Hanoveran [[Stade (region)|High-Bailiwick of Stade]] informed the villagers that she had approved the chosen name Augustendorf for their municipality (since 1974 it is a component locality of [[Gnarrenburg]]). The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge returned to Great Britain, where they lived at [[Cambridge Cottage]], [[Kew]], and later at [[St. James's Palace]].
 ==Death==
-The Duchess of Cambridge survived her husband by thirty-nine years, dying on 6 April 1889, at the age of ninety-one, at their home at Cambridge Cottage on [[Kew Green]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=12 April 1889|title=THE DUCHESS OF CAMBRIDGE|page=5|work=Morning Post|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/R3210613241/BNCN?u=rtl_ttda&sid=bookmark-BNCN&xid=a3150732|access-date=12 July 2021|via=British Library Newspapers}}</ref> Queen Victoria wrote of her aunt's death: "Very sad, though not for her. But she is the last of her generation, & I have no longer anyone above me."
+The Duchess of Cambridge survived her husband by thirty-nine years, dying on 6 April 1889, at the age of ninety-one, at their home at Cambridge Cottage on [[Kew Green]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 April 1889 |title=THE DUCHESS OF CAMBRIDGE |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/R3210613241/BNCN?u=rtl_ttda&sid=bookmark-BNCN&xid=a3150732 |access-date=12 July 2021 |work=Morning Post |page=5 |via=British Library Newspapers}}</ref> Queen Victoria wrote of her aunt's death: "Very sad, though not for her. But she is the last of her generation, & I have no longer anyone above me."
-She was buried at [[St Anne's Church, Kew]], but her remains were transferred to [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]] in 1930.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mmtrust.org.uk/mausolea/view/319/Cambridge_Mausoleum |title=Cambridge Mausoleum |access-date=25 July 2015 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813094841/http://www.mmtrust.org.uk/mausolea/view/319/Cambridge_Mausoleum |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/royal-connection/royal-burials/royal-burials-chapel-since-1805/|title=Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805|work=College of St George - Windsor Castle|accessdate=5 March 2023}}</ref>
+She was buried at [[St Anne's Church, Kew]], but her remains were transferred to [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]] in 1930.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cambridge Mausoleum |url=http://www.mmtrust.org.uk/mausolea/view/319/Cambridge_Mausoleum |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813094841/http://www.mmtrust.org.uk/mausolea/view/319/Cambridge_Mausoleum |archive-date=13 August 2021 |access-date=25 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805 |url=https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/royal-connection/royal-burials/royal-burials-chapel-since-1805/ |access-date=5 March 2023 |work=College of St George - Windsor Castle}}</ref>
 ==Titles and styles==
-*25 July 1797 – 7 May 1818: ''Her Serene Highness'' Princess Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=17365|date=2 June 1818|page=997}}</ref>
+* 25 July 1797 – 7 May 1818: ''Her Serene Highness'' Princess Augusta Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=17365 |date=2 June 1818 |page=997}}</ref>
-*7 May 1818 – 6 April 1889: ''Her Royal Highness'' The Duchess of Cambridge
+* 7 May 1818 – 6 April 1889: ''Her Royal Highness'' The Duchess of Cambridge
+==Issue==
+The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge had three children:
+{| class="wikitable"
+!Name
+!Birth
+!Death
+!Notes
+|-
+|[[Prince George, Duke of Cambridge]]
+|26 March 1819
+|17 March 1904
+|married 1847, [[Sarah Louisa Fairbrother]]; had issue (this marriage was contracted in contravention of the [[Royal Marriages Act]] and was not recognised in law).
+|-
+|[[Princess Augusta of Cambridge]]
+|19 July 1822
+|4 December 1916
+|married 1843, [[Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Friedrich Wilhelm, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]; had issue
+|-
+|[[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge]]
+|27 November 1833
+|27 October 1897
+|married 1866, [[Francis, Duke of Teck]]; had issue, including [[Mary of Teck]], later [[Queen consort]] of the [[United Kingdom]].
+|}
 ==Ancestry==
@@ Line 56: / Line 87: @@
 |5= 5. [[Princess Mary of Great Britain]]
 |6= 6. [[Charles William, Prince of Nassau-Usingen]]
-|7= 7. [[Countess Caroline Felizitas of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg]]
+|7= 7. [[Countess Caroline Felizitas of Leiningen-Dagsburg]]
 |8= 8. [[William VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]]
-|9= 9. [[Dorothea Wilhelmine of Saxe-Zeitz|Princess Dorothea Wilhelmine of Saxe-Zeitz]]
+|9= 9. [[Princess Dorothea Wilhelmine of Saxe-Zeitz]]
 |10= 10. [[George II of Great Britain]]
 |11= 11. [[Caroline of Ansbach|Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach]]
 |12= 12. [[Charles, Prince of Nassau-Usingen]]
-|13= 13. [[Princess Christiane Wilhelmine of Saxe-Eisenach]]
+|13= 13. Princess Christine Wilhelmine of Saxe-Eisenach
 |14= 14. [[Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg|Count Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg]]
-|15= 15. [[Countess Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim]]
+|15= 15. Countess Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim
 }}
-==Issue==
-The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge had three children:
-{| class="wikitable"
-|-
-!Name!!Birth!!Death!!Notes
-|-
-|[[Prince George, Duke of Cambridge]]||26 March 1819||17 March 1904||married 1847, [[Sarah Louisa Fairbrother]]; had issue (this marriage was contracted in contravention of the [[Royal Marriages Act]] and was not recognised in law).
-|-
-|[[Princess Augusta of Cambridge]]||19 July 1822||4 December 1916||married 1843, [[Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Friedrich Wilhelm, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]; had issue
-|-
-|[[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge]]||27 November 1833||27 October 1897||married 1866, [[Francis, Duke of Teck]]; had issue, including [[Mary of Teck]], later [[Queen consort]] of the [[United Kingdom]].
-|}
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
 == Further reading ==
-* {{Cite news|last=Eilers Koenig|first=Marlene|date=October 2020|title=The Marriage of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge|work=[[Royalty Digest Quarterly]]|url=https://www.royalbooks.se/produkt/126/32020.html}}
+* {{Cite news|last=Eilers Koenig|first=Marlene|date=October 2020|title=The Marriage of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge|work=Royalty Digest Quarterly|url=https://www.royalbooks.se/produkt/126/32020.html}}
 == External links ==
-{{Commons category|Princess Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge}}
+{{Commons category|Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel}}
 * {{NPG name|name=Princess Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge}}

v t e Princesses and Landgravines of Hesse by birth
1st Generation	Wilhemina, Princess Henry of Prussia¹
2nd Generation	none
3rd Generation	Marie, Queen of Denmark and Norway¹ Marie Friederike, Duchess of Anhalt-Bernburg¹ Karoline Amalie, Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg¹ Louise Caroline, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg¹ Marie, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz¹ Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge¹
4th Generation	Marie, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen Marie Luise Charlotte, Princess Frederick of Anhalt Louise, Queen of Denmark
5th Generation	Elisabeth, Hereditary Princess of Anhalt
6th Generation	none
7th Generation	Christina Margarethe, Mrs. van Eyck
8th Generation	Princess Mafalda, Mrs. Brachetti-Peretti
¹ Princess and Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel until 1803

v t e British princesses by marriage
The generations include wives of princes descended from George I, who formalised the use of the titles prince and princess for members of the British royal family.
1st generation	Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
2nd generation	Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
3rd generation	Maria Walpole Anne Luttrell
4th generation	Duchess Caroline of Brunswick Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel The Princess Mary*
5th generation	Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg
6th generation	Princess Alexandra of Denmark Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont Princess Thyra of Denmark
7th generation	Princess Victoria Mary of Teck Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife* Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia
8th generation	Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark
9th generation	Birgitte van Deurs Henriksen Katharine Worsley Baroness Marie-Christine von Reibnitz
10th generation	Lady Diana Spencer Camilla Shand Sarah Ferguson Sophie Rhys-Jones
11th generation	Catherine Middleton Meghan Markle
also a British princess in her own right Princesses whose titles were removed due to loss of husband's eligibility or divorce are shown in italics*.

v t e Hanoverian princesses by marriage
Generations are numbered by husband's descent from the first king of Hanover, George III.
1st generation	Duchess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel¹ Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia¹ Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen¹ Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld¹ Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz¹ Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel¹
2nd generation	Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg¹
3rd generation	Princess Thyra of Denmark¹
4th generation	Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia¹
5th generation	Countess Monika zu Solms-Laubach Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark Princess Alexandra of Ysenburg and Büdingen
6th generation	Princess Caroline of Monaco Thyra von Westernhagen
7th generation	Alessandra de Osma
¹also a British princess by marriage

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