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{{Short description|Indigenous (Scheduled) tribe from India}} |
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The '''Bagata''' are one of the [[Adivasi|Scheduled Tribes]] of [[India]]. They live primarily in [[Andhra Pradesh]]. They are also known as Bagat, Bagatha, Bagodi, Bhakta or Bogad. |
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{{distinguish|Bhogta}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}} |
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{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}} |
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{{Infobox ethnic group |
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| native_name = Bhokta, Bhogata, Bhagata, Kapu |
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| image = Bagata-settlement and housing.png |
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| image_caption = A traditional house of Bagata people |
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| region1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]] |
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| pop1 = 1,33,427 |
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| region2 = [[Odisha]] |
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| pop2 = 8,813 |
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| region3 = [[Telangana]] |
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| pop3 = 850 |
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| languages = [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Desia language|Desia Odia]], [[Regional languages]] |
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| religions = [[Hinduism]], [[Christianity]], [[Animism]] |
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| footnotes = Census 2011<ref>{{Cite web|title=STATISTICAL PROFILE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES IN INDIA 2013|url=http://www.tribal.nic.in/ST/StatisticalProfileofSTs2013.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=20 October 2021|website=www.tribal.nic.in|publisher=MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS STATISTICS DIVISION, Government of India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712142009/http://www.tribal.nic.in/ST/StatisticalProfileofSTs2013.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2017 }}</ref> |
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}} |
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'''Bagata''' people are one of the tribal ethnic groups of India, mainly concentrated in [[Andhra Pradesh|Andhrapradesh]] and [[Odisha]]. As per the Indian constitution, they are designated as [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribe]] for [[Affirmative action in India|affirmative action]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |pages=13–14, 21–22 |title=List of notified Scheduled Tribes |publisher=Census India |accessdate=15 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107225208/http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |archivedate=7 November 2013 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Ota |first=A.B. |title=BAGATA |url= https://repository.tribal.gov.in/handle/123456789/73806?viewItem=browse |publisher=Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute, BBSR |year=2015 |isbn=978-93-80705-29-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Das |first=Nava Kishor |title=People of India – Odisha |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India by Seagull Books |year=2012 |isbn=978-81-7046-293-4 |series=Part. 1 |editor-last=Singh |editor-first=S.K. |pages=214–219 |language=en |oclc=858528738}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=K. S. |title=People of India – India's communities: A-G |date=1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press; Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-0-19-563354-2 |volume=4 |
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The Bagata mainly speak the [[Bagata language]], written in the [[Bagata script]], but they also speak [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and [[Oriya language|Oriya]]. The Bagata also live in [[Orissa]] which is where they mainly speak Oriya, especially a dialect known as [[Adivasi Oriya]]. |
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|pages =167–169|location=New Delhi, India; New York |language=English |oclc=40849565}}</ref> |
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== Population distribution == |
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The Bagata are primarily [[Hindus]]. |
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The Bagatas, are generally scattered in all districts of Odisha, [[Telangana]], [[Andhra pradesh]] but are mainly concerned in [[Visakhapatnam district|Vishakapatnam]], [[Vizianagaram district|Vizianagaram]], [[East Godavari district|East Godavari]], [[Ranga Reddy district|Rangareddy]] district of Andhra Pradesh (including [[Telangana]]);<ref>{{Cite web |title=A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix) - Andhrapradesh |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/43027/download/46695/ST-28-PCA-A11-APPENDIX.xlsx |access-date=27 Jun 2022 |website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref> [[Sundergarh district|Sundargarh]], [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]], [[Sambalpur]], [[Balasore district|Baleshwar]] district of Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix) - Odiaha |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/43020/download/46688/ST-21-PCA-A11-APPENDIX.xlsx |access-date=27 Jun 2022}}</ref> |
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== Overview == |
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In 1976 the Bagata had the highest rate of indebtedness of any of the scheduled tribes of Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aptribes.gov.in/html/tcr-studies-anti-sis.htm |title=Welcome to aptribes.gov.in - A Portal of Tribal Welfare Department Govt of A.P |publisher=Aptribes.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2013-12-15}}</ref> |
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Bagata is traditionally a [[Telugu people|Telugu ethnic]] fishermen tribe. They're alternatively written as Bhakta, Bhogata and Bhagata and in Andhrapradesh their local name is Kampu/ Kapu. In Andhrapradesh they use a dialect of the [[Telugu language|Telugu]] language, [[Desia Odia]]<ref>{{cite web|title=ST-15: Scheduled tribe by mother tongue (for each tribe separately) (State/UT level), Andhra Pradesh - 2011|url=https://new.census.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/12560/download/15673/ST-28-00-15-DDW-2011.XLSX |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> and in Odisha, they left Telugu and speak the regional language like [[Hindi]], [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Sadri language|Sadri]], [[Laria language|Laria]], and [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pati |first1=Rabindra Nath |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qxxnZ4XxUbsC&pg=PA57 |title=Tribal and Indigenous People of India: Problems and Prospects |last2=Dash |first2=Jagannatha |date=2002 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn=978-81-7648-322-3 |language=en |quote=Some of the tribes, such as Lodha, Mirdha Bhumia, Jatapu, Bagata, Pentia, sections of Gond etc do not have distinct linguistic identity}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=ST-15: Scheduled tribe by mother tongue (for each tribe separately) (State/UT level), Odisha - 2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/12553/download/15666/ST-21-00-15-DDW-2011.XLSX |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India }}</ref> Bagata people bear biological traits of [[Proto-Australoid]] tribes of the south and center India.<ref name=":0" /> |
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=== Social structure === |
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The Bagatas of Andhrapradesh retain the original socio-cultural characteristics, whereas the Bagatas of Odisha undergone various [[Ritual purification|socio-cultural purification]] process and are largely Hinduised. The Bagatas of Odisha are broadly divided into two divisions i.e. [[Vaishnavites]] and [[Saivites]] according to their beliefs.<ref name=":0" /> |
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The Bagata of [[Vaishnavism|Vaishnavas]] section is divided into totemic clans like Belhar (monkey), Samudia, Bamia, Tiruar (bird), Sarania (flute), Nag, Hatiar (elephant), Chumiar and Kuardar. They use their clan as a surname. However, some authors opined that there was no surname or subgroup system in them but after migration, they adopted those and now almost use surnames like other Hindu societies. Historically, they migrated to the Ranchi region of [[Chota Nagpur Plateau|Chota Nagpur]] from Andhrapradesh before the 20th century and subsequently migrated to the northern district of Odisha.<ref name=":0" /> |
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In 1976 the Bagata had the highest rate of indebtedness of any of the scheduled tribes of Andhra Pradesh. |
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==Further reading== |
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* {{Cite web|last=Thurston|first=Edgar|title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India/Bagata - Wikisource, the free online library|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Castes_and_Tribes_of_Southern_India/Bagata|access-date=2021-09-20|website=en.wikisource.org|language=en}} |
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* {{Cite web|title=Bagata tribe|url=https://tribal.nic.in/repository/ViewDoc.aspx%3FRepositoryNo%3DTRI18-08-2017151448%26file%3DDocs/TRI18-08-2017151448.pdf|website=tribal.nic.in}} |
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* {{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Bagata|url=https://www.scstrti.in/index.php/communities/tribes/91-tribes/146-bagata|access-date=2021-09-20|website=SCSTRTI|language=en-gb}} |
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* {{Cite web|title=Odisha State Tribal Museum {{!}} Bagata|url=https://www.ostm.in/tribes_of_odisha/bagata/|access-date=2021-09-20|language=en-GB}} |
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* {{Cite web|title=Documenting the ethno-cultural practices of Bagata tribe of Andhra Pradesh {{!}} INTACH Intangible Cultural Heritage|url=http://intangibleheritage.intach.org/documenting-the-ethno-cultural-practices-of-bagata-tribe-of-andhra-pradesh/|access-date=2021-10-27|language=en-US}} |
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* {{Cite web|last=Naidu|first=J.M|others=Department of Tribal Welfare, Government of Andhra Pradesh|title=Ethnography of Bagatha Tribe in Andhra Pradesh|url=https://repository.tribal.gov.in/bitstream/123456789/74094/1/APTM_2020_0080_research.pdf|publisher=CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STUDIES}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Andhra Pradesh]] |
[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Andhra Pradesh]] |
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[[Category:Scheduled Tribes of Odisha]] |
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Latest revision as of 01:18, 20 December 2024
Bhokta, Bhogata, Bhagata, Kapu | |
|---|---|
 A traditional house of Bagata people | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Andhra Pradesh | 1,33,427 |
| Odisha | 8,813 |
| Telangana | 850 |
| Languages | |
| Telugu, Desia Odia, Regional languages | |
| Religion | |
| Hinduism, Christianity, Animism | |
Census 2011[1] | |
Bagata people are one of the tribal ethnic groups of India, mainly concentrated in Andhrapradesh and Odisha. As per the Indian constitution, they are designated as Scheduled Tribe for affirmative action.[2][3][4][5]
Population distribution
[edit]The Bagatas, are generally scattered in all districts of Odisha, Telangana, Andhra pradesh but are mainly concerned in Vishakapatnam, Vizianagaram, East Godavari, Rangareddy district of Andhra Pradesh (including Telangana);[6] Sundargarh, Mayurbhanj, Sambalpur, Baleshwar district of Odisha.[7]
Overview
[edit]Bagata is traditionally a Telugu ethnic fishermen tribe. They're alternatively written as Bhakta, Bhogata and Bhagata and in Andhrapradesh their local name is Kampu/ Kapu. In Andhrapradesh they use a dialect of the Telugu language, Desia Odia[8] and in Odisha, they left Telugu and speak the regional language like Hindi, Odia, Sadri, Laria, and Kurmali.[9][10] Bagata people bear biological traits of Proto-Australoid tribes of the south and center India.[3]
Social structure
[edit]The Bagatas of Andhrapradesh retain the original socio-cultural characteristics, whereas the Bagatas of Odisha undergone various socio-cultural purification process and are largely Hinduised. The Bagatas of Odisha are broadly divided into two divisions i.e. Vaishnavites and Saivites according to their beliefs.[3]
The Bagata of Vaishnavas section is divided into totemic clans like Belhar (monkey), Samudia, Bamia, Tiruar (bird), Sarania (flute), Nag, Hatiar (elephant), Chumiar and Kuardar. They use their clan as a surname. However, some authors opined that there was no surname or subgroup system in them but after migration, they adopted those and now almost use surnames like other Hindu societies. Historically, they migrated to the Ranchi region of Chota Nagpur from Andhrapradesh before the 20th century and subsequently migrated to the northern district of Odisha.[3]
In 1976 the Bagata had the highest rate of indebtedness of any of the scheduled tribes of Andhra Pradesh.
References
[edit]- ^ "STATISTICAL PROFILE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES IN INDIA 2013" (PDF). www.tribal.nic.in. MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS STATISTICS DIVISION, Government of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
- ^ "List of notified Scheduled Tribes" (PDF). Census India. pp. 13–14, 21–22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
- ^ a b c d Ota, A.B. (2015). BAGATA. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute, BBSR. ISBN 978-93-80705-29-3.
- ^ Das, Nava Kishor (2012). Singh, S.K. (ed.). People of India – Odisha. Part. 1. Anthropological Survey of India by Seagull Books. pp. 214–219. ISBN 978-81-7046-293-4. OCLC 858528738.
- ^ Singh, K. S. (1998). People of India – India's communities: A-G. Vol. 4. New Delhi, India; New York: Oxford University Press; Anthropological Survey of India. pp. 167–169. ISBN 978-0-19-563354-2. OCLC 40849565.
- ^ "A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix) - Andhrapradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
- ^ "A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix) - Odiaha". Retrieved 27 June 2022.
- ^ "ST-15: Scheduled tribe by mother tongue (for each tribe separately) (State/UT level), Andhra Pradesh - 2011". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
- ^ Pati, Rabindra Nath; Dash, Jagannatha (2002). Tribal and Indigenous People of India: Problems and Prospects. APH Publishing. ISBN 978-81-7648-322-3.
Some of the tribes, such as Lodha, Mirdha Bhumia, Jatapu, Bagata, Pentia, sections of Gond etc do not have distinct linguistic identity
- ^ "ST-15: Scheduled tribe by mother tongue (for each tribe separately) (State/UT level), Odisha - 2011". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
Further reading
[edit]- Thurston, Edgar. "Castes and Tribes of Southern India/Bagata - Wikisource, the free online library". en.wikisource.org. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
- "Bagata tribe" (PDF). tribal.nic.in.
- "Bagata". SCSTRTI. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
- "Odisha State Tribal Museum | Bagata". Retrieved 20 September 2021.
- "Documenting the ethno-cultural practices of Bagata tribe of Andhra Pradesh | INTACH Intangible Cultural Heritage". Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- Naidu, J.M. "Ethnography of Bagatha Tribe in Andhra Pradesh" (PDF). Department of Tribal Welfare, Government of Andhra Pradesh. CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STUDIES.
